Bibliotek

Bibliotek över vetenskapliga artiklar i vilka COPSOQ ingår

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Biblioteket uppdaterades senast i november 2023.

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The Psychosocial Risks and Impacts in the Workplace Assessment Tool: Construction and Psychometric Evaluation

Roussos P. L.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risks constitute one of the major contemporary challenges for occupational health and safety. As early identification is the first step towards psychosocial risk management, the psychometric tool presented in the paper has been constructed in order to measure psychosocial risks as well as their impacts. The Psychosocial Risks and Impacts in the Workplace Assessment Tool (PRIWA) has been developed in Greek during the early years of the economic crisis. The paper presents the tool and the studies that were conducted to evaluate its psychometric characteristics. Six large samples of employees from many different Greek companies were administered the PRIWA and other tools. The results of the exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a seven-factor structure of the PRIWA, which was later confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses were also performed to test internal consistency, item-to-scale homogeneity, and concurrent validity of the PRIWA. The results indicated that PRIWA is a reliable and valid psychometric tool, which gives its users the opportunity to conduct research, develop prevention plans, and/or design customized interventions

År

2023

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Grekland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/bs13020104

Referens

Roussos P. L. (2023). The Psychosocial Risks and Impacts in the Workplace Assessment Tool: Construction and Psychometric Evaluation. Behavioral Sciences, 13(2), 104.

Provision of Compassionate and Empathic Care as a Well-Being Preservation Tool for Emergency Physicians: A Scoping Review

Tremblay, M. F., Leblanc, F., Laroche, É., Blanchette, V., & Brousseau-Foley, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Compassion and physician well-being are two key components related to quality care in health including emergency medicine. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of compassion in care on the well-being of emergency physicians. We conducted a scoping review to explore the impact of provision of compassionate care by emergency physicians on their well-being and subconcepts. Methods: Four electronic databases and grey literature were searched to find evidence related to compassion, empathy, self-compassion, and their impact on emergency physicians' well-being. Following title and abstract review, two reviewers independently screened full-text articles, and extracted data. Data were presented using descriptive statistics and a narrative analysis. Results: A total of 803 reports were identified in databases. Three articles met eligibility criteria for data extraction. None directly examined compassion and well-being. Included studies addressed empathy and burnout in emergency medicine professionals. Conclusion: No high-quality evidence could be found on the topic in the population of interest. Literature related to the topic of compassion in physicians, especially in emergency physicians, a field known for its high demand and stress levels, is currently scarce and additional evidence is needed to better describe and understand the association between physicians' compassion and well-being.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

n.a.

Yrken

n.a.

DOI

10.2147/OAEM.S391189

Referens

Tremblay, M. F., Leblanc, F., Laroche, É., Blanchette, V., & Brousseau-Foley, M. (2023). Provision of Compassionate and Empathic Care as a Well-Being Preservation Tool for Emergency Physicians: A Scoping Review. Open Access Emergency Medicine, 15, 37–45.

Exploring U.S. Food System Workers' Intentions to Work While Ill during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey

Ceryes, C. A., Agnew, J., Wirtz, A. L., Barnett, D. J., & Neff, R. A.

Sammanfattning

With "stay at home" orders in effect during early COVID-19, many United States (U.S.) food system workers attended in-person work to maintain national food supply chain operations. Anecdotally, many encountered barriers to staying home despite symptomatic COVID-19 illness. We conducted a national, cross-sectional, online survey between 31 July and 2 October 2020 among 2535 respondents. Using multivariable regression and free-text analyses, we investigated factors associated with workers' intentions to attend work while ill (i.e., presenteeism intentions) during the early COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, 8.8% of respondents intended to attend work with COVID-19 disease symptoms. Almost half (41.1%) reported low or very low household food security. Workers reporting a higher workplace safety climate score were half as likely to report presenteeism intentions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37, 0.75) relative to those reporting lower scores. Workers reporting low (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.35, 3.13) or very low (aOR 2.31, 95% CI 1.50, 3.13) household food security levels had twice the odds of reporting presenteeism intentions relative to those reporting high/marginal food security. Workplace culture and safety climate could enable employees to feel like they can take leave when sick during a pandemic, which is critical to maintaining individual and workplace health. We stress the need for strategies which address vulnerabilities and empower food workers to make health-protective decisions.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph20021638

Referens

Ceryes, C. A., Agnew, J., Wirtz, A. L., Barnett, D. J., & Neff, R. A. (2023). Exploring U.S. Food System Workers' Intentions to Work While Ill during the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: A National Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1638.

Sharing leadership behaviors in virtual teams: effects of shared leadership behaviors on team member satisfaction and productivity

Mayer, C., Sivatheerthan, T., Mütze-Niewöhner, S., & Nitsch, V.

Sammanfattning

Purpose – Virtual collaboration in teams becomes increasingly popular at work. With the advantages of working in virtual teams come leadership challenges for which the shared leadership theory is discussed as a potential solution. While previous empirical studies investigating shared leadership in virtual teams generally confirm positive effects on team outcomes, this study aims to investigate in detail the leadership behaviors that are typically shared in these settings and how these shared leadership behaviors affect individual level outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Individuals from different teams participated in a questionnaire study (n = 411). Structural equation modeling was used to assess the effects of shared task- and relations-oriented leadership behaviors on teammember’s subjectively perceived productivity and satisfaction with leadership. Findings – Results indicate that shared task-oriented leadership behaviors have a significant positive effect on subjectively perceived productivity and satisfaction with leadership, while relations-oriented leadership behaviors have a significant negative effect. A hypothesis stipulating a moderating effect of task interdependence was not confirmed. Practical implications – Practical implications include that in virtual teams with hierarchical organizational structures, it may be recommended that task-oriented leadership behaviors are shared among team members, whereas relations-oriented leadership behaviors should remain the responsibility of the official leader. Originality/value – The findings complement previous research with new insights on behavioral dimensions of shared leadership and their effects on outcomes on the level of the individual.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1108/TPM-07-2022-0054

Referens

Mayer, C., Sivatheerthan, T., Mütze-Niewöhner, S., & Nitsch, V. (2023). Sharing leadership behaviors in virtual teams: effects of shared leadership behaviors on team member satisfaction and productivity. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 29(1/2), 90-112.

Health-oriented leadership, gender-differences and job satisfaction: results from a representative population-based study in Germany

Lutz, R., Jungbäck, N., Wischlitzki, E., & Drexler, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: In recent years, the topic of health-oriented leadership (HoL) has often been investigated with health-related outcomes like general health, strain, depression, and anxiety symptoms. In contrast, research which considers the gender of leaders and employees in connection to HoL as well as studies on relationships between HoL and job satisfaction, are scarce. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationships between HoL and health status assessed by employees and leaders, to analyse the relationships between HoL and job satisfaction as a non-health-related outcome for employees and leaders and to examine differences in the assessment of HoL between men and women in a representative dataset of the working population in Germany. Methods: Data were collected via an access panel as a cross-sectional survey. The quota sample included 643 German workers (managers and employees). We focused on staff-care as a core component of HoL. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlations and regression analyses as well as t-tests and Mann-Whitney-U-Tests. Results: The results showed no significant differences between male and female employees or leaders in assessing HoL. Regarding HoL we found relationships between self-rated health status or job satisfaction, both for the self-rated assessment of leaders and employees. Conclusions: Our findings indicate relationships between HoL and well-being as well as job satisfaction at the workplace. For interventions of any kind, the lack of gender effects leaves a wide scope for the implementation of health-promoting measures. In particular, the findings on the relationship between HoL and job satisfaction through leaders' self-assessment could be used for salutogenic approaches to strengthen resources in leadership trainings.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-023-15014-1

Referens

Lutz, R., Jungbäck, N., Wischlitzki, E., & Drexler, H. (2023). Health-oriented leadership, gender-differences and job satisfaction: results from a representative population-based study in Germany. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 105.

Live-streaming Activity and Relaxation Breaks: a (Home-)Office-Compatible Approach to Promote Break Recovery, Mood, and Attention?

Riedl, E. M., Müller, A., Perzl, J., & Thomas, J.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this study is to investigate whether short, live-streaming activity and relaxation lunch breaks have positive associations with office workers' mood (calmness, valence, and energetic arousal), back pain, and attention after break and whether these associations are mediated by better break recovery. Additionally, we considered the two respite interventions as resources possibly buffering the effects of elevated situational job demands. Ten-minute break exercises were conducted during lunch breaks via Zoom live-stream, and data on those days were compared with data on days on which participants spent their breaks as usual. Our sample of 34 office workers provided data for 277 work days (209 in the home office and 68 on site at the company). Multilevel path models revealed positive total associations of both respite interventions with the mood dimension of calmness. Activity breaks additionally showed a positive association with the energetic arousal dimension of mood, while relaxation breaks were positively related to objectively measured cognitive performance. Interestingly, activity breaks moderated the relationships of job demands with calmness and valence, indicating their function as a stress-buffering resource. There were no significant associations between the two respite interventions and back pain. Supplemented by participants' feedback, the findings of this study suggest that offering short virtually guided break exercises may represent a feasible and office-compatible approach to promote break recovery, mood and functionality at work, especially regarding home-office work. Possible advantages and disadvantages of the live-streaming format are discussed.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s41542-022-00141-9

Referens

Riedl, E. M., Müller, A., Perzl, J., & Thomas, J. (2023). Live-streaming Activity and Relaxation Breaks: a (Home-)Office-Compatible Approach to Promote Break Recovery, Mood, and Attention?. Occupational health science, 1–25. Advance online publication.

The prevalence and mental health correlates of exposure to offensive behaviours at work in Hungary: results of a national representative survey

Szusecki, T., Konkolÿ Thege, B. & Stauder, A

Sammanfattning

Background: Within the last decades, a substantial number of reports have established bullying behaviours as a severe risk to the health and safety of workers. However, in Hungary, the severity of this issue remains largely unknown. Therefore, the current study aimed to 1) determine the prevalence of offensive workplace behaviours in the Hungarian working population and 2) examine the relationship between exposure to these offensive behaviours and certain mental health indicators. Methods: The cross-sectional analyses of the present study are based on a sample of 13,104 active workers being representative of the Hungarian working population according to gender, age, educational level, and 18 occupational sectors. The mid-length version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) was used to measure workplace offensive behaviours (bullying, sexual harassment, threats of violence, and physical violence) in the 12 months preceding the survey. Examined mental health correlates included depressive symptomatology (Beck Depression Inventory), functional somatic symptoms (PHQ-15), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), and general well-being (WHO Well-being Index). Results: Almost half (48.7%) of the sample reported exposure to some form of offensive behaviour; 37.6% of participants reported occasional-, while 11.1% reported weekly or daily exposure. More women than men were exposed to offensive workplace behaviours, and those targeted the most were individuals aged 18-29 and in companies employing 20-49 employees. Top managers reported the lowest amount of bullying, while unskilled labourers reported the most frequent exposure. A moderately strong relationship was discovered between exposure to workplace offensive behaviours and all indicators of mental health. Conclusion: Workplace bullying was revealed to be a significant public health concern according to this large, representative data set from Hungary. Strategies to reduce the occurrence and impact of these behaviours on employee health should be a priority for occupational health and safety interventions.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ungern

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-14920-0

Referens

Szusecki, T., Konkolÿ Thege, B. & Stauder, A (2023). The prevalence and mental health correlates of exposure to offensive behaviours at work in Hungary: results of a national representative survey. BMC Public Health, 23, 78 (2023).

Coping Mechanisms in Graduate School: A Discipline Comparison.

Montenegro, S.

Sammanfattning

The current study aimed to provide an overview of graduate students’ stress and coping mechanisms. Per self-reported questionnaires, participants (N=95) rated their experiences with academic-related stressors, common coping mechanisms, and strain outcomes (somatic symptoms, insomnia, and burnout). This study found that task-related stressors were the most prevalent for graduate schoolwork. More specifically, graduate students in STEM, Arts & Humanities, and Social Sciences rated the amount and difficulty of the tasks (quantitative and qualitative properties of tasks) as the highest stressors in graduate school. The preferred coping strategies across all fields were planning and emotional coping. Additionally, students in STEM reported more significant organizational constraints and interpersonal conflict than graduate students in Arts & Humanities, and Social Sciences. Finally, students in Arts & Humanities reported more maladaptive coping mechanisms than students in the other two groups. These findings can guide program directors and administrators in informing initiatives to enhance graduate students’ well-being

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Studenter

DOI

https://stars.library.ucf.edu/urj/vol14/iss2/6

Referens

Montenegro, S. (2022). Coping Mechanisms in Graduate School: A Discipline Comparison. The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal, Vol. 14: Iss. 2, Article 6.

Investigating aspects of paternalistic leadership within the job demands–resources model.

Lee, M. C. C., Kee, Y. J., Lau, S. S. Y., & Jan, G.

Sammanfattning

The literature on the job demands–resources (JD-R) theory has flourished for the past decade due to the theory’s simplicity and its applications in many areas of work life. However, the literature is lacking on how leaders can utilize this theory to manage employees, especially in the Asian leadership context. Using the JD-R theory, the current study investigated each aspect of paternalistic leadership (i.e., benevolent leadership, authoritarian leadership and moral leadership) and its influence on employees’ job resources (i.e., work meaningfulness and influence at work), job demands (i.e., emotional and cognitive demands), work engagement, burnout and the processes involved. Four hundred and thirty-one (431) full-time. working employees (mean age: 31.58; female: 57.8%) from various organizations in Malaysia participated in the study. Using structural equation modelling, the study’s results showed that the benevolent aspect of paternalistic leadership was related to higher work engagement and lower burnout through work meaningfulness (but not through influence at work). In contrast, the authoritarian aspect of paternalistic leadership was related to higher burnout through emotional demands (but not through cognitive demands), while the moral leadership aspect had no significant relationship to employees’ job demands or job resources, with a mediation process not found in either relationship. Overall, the study revealed three contrasting mechanisms for each aspect of paternalistic leadership and suggested how paternalistic leadership may be practised in Asian countries.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Tjänstemän

DOI

10.1017/jmo.2022.95

Referens

Lee, M. C. C., Kee, Y. J., Lau, S. S. Y., & Jan, G. (2023). Investigating aspects of paternalistic leadership within the job demands–resources model. Journal of Management & Organization, 1-20.

Working from home during the COVID 19 pandemic: a longitudinal examination of employees' sense of community and social support and impacts on self-rated health

Graham, M., Lambert, K. A., Weale, V., Stuckey, R., & Oakman, J

Sammanfattning

Background. The COVID 19 pandemic resulted in the introduction of public health measures including mandated and recommended work from home orders to reduce transmission. This provided a unique opportunity to examine sense of community and social support within the workplace and self-rated general health. This paper examines employees’ workplace sense of community and social support across one year of the COVID 19 pandemic and associated self-rated general health. Methods Analysis of longitudinal data (October 2020, May 2021, and November 2021) from the Employees Working from Home study conducted in Victoria, Australia during the COVID 19 pandemic was undertaken. Trajectory analyses were used to describe workplace sense of community and social support over time. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the associations between demographics, gender, caring responsibilities, and group membership based on the Growth Mixture Modelling. Generalised Mixed Models were used to measure effects of sense of community and social support on self-rated health. Results Increasing sense of community and social support in the workplace resulted in increased self-rated health. Trajectory analysis found two stable and distinct groups for sense of community. Social support varied with time; however, trajectory membership was not dependent on gender or caring responsibilities and had no relationship with return to the office. Conclusion Sense of community and social support in the workplace are important determinants of employees’ health, and as such, workplace strategies to improve sense of community and social support are required not only for employees working from home, but also those who have returned to the office, particularly as hybrid work arrangements become more common.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-14904-0

Referens

Graham, M., Lambert, K. A., Weale, V., Stuckey, R., & Oakman, J (2023). Working from home during the COVID 19 pandemic: a longitudinal examination of employees' sense of community and social support and impacts on self-rated health. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 11.

Assessing Occupational Health with a Cross-platform Application based on Self-reports and Biosignals

Silva, S., Cepeda, C., Rodrigues, J., Probst, P., & Gamboa, H.

Sammanfattning

Occupational disorders have a significant impact on the health of office workers. This has even more relevance considering the increased population in this work modality and the recent shift to remote work. Efforts are needed to create worker awareness and reduce occupational hazards. Based on this motivation, an intuitive and easy to use application for the assessment of occupational risks was developed and it is presented in this paper. This application records risk factors in the biomechanical, psycho-social, and environmental domains through data collected with self-assessment tools and wearable sensors, contributing to a more complete, robust and personal assessment of risk exposure. This article presents the system architecture and its application interface. Examples of interaction with each module of the app are also provided.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Portugal

Yrken

n.a

DOI

10.5220/0010846700003123

Referens

Silva, S., Cepeda, C., Rodrigues, J., Probst, P., & Gamboa, H. (2022). Assessing Occupational Health with a Cross-platform Application based on Self-reports and Biosignals. HEALTHINF, 549-556.

How do employees currently admitted to acute psychiatric inpatient units rate their psychosocial working conditions with the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire).

Brucks, A., Lang, A., Blank, D., Lincke, H. J., Riedl, L., Siafis, S., Brieger, P., & Hamann, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: In recent years it could be shown that psychosocial working conditions and mental health of employees are closely correlated. One well-established instrument to measure psychosocial stress at work is the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, German Standard Version). It is an 84 item self-rating instrument addressing several domains of psychosocial working conditions and is generally used for risk assessments in companies. Aims: To examine associations between COPSOQ ratings with clinical features and symptoms of employees who currently suffer from an episode of a mental illness requiring inpatient treatment. Method: For 265 inpatients with mental disorders who participated in a cluster randomized trial (RETURN-study) COPSOQ-data were available as part of the baseline data acquisition. These data were compared with the German COPSOQ validation sample of the Freiburg research center for occupational sciences (FFAW; approximately 250,000 participants). For subdomains of the COPSOQ that showed major and significant differences between the two samples regression analyses were done to predict COPSOQ scores within the RETURN-sample. Results: Psychiatric inpatients did not assess their working conditions significantly different compared to the population based FFAW sample. However, with regard to the effects of working conditions (general health, burnout, presenteeism, and intention to leave the job) there were major differences between the two samples with the clinical sample expressing more negative views. In the RETURN sample these were predicted by a greater expression of depressive symptoms. Conclusions: The linkage between work and mental wellbeing is complex. Mental illness is not necessarily a result of poor working conditions, while good working conditions may not in every case prevent symptoms of bad health, even if such associations exist.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

n.a

DOI

10.1177/00207640221143914

Referens

Brucks, A., Lang, A., Blank, D., Lincke, H. J., Riedl, L., Siafis, S., Brieger, P., & Hamann, J. (2023). How do employees currently admitted to acute psychiatric inpatient units rate their psychosocial working conditions with the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 69(4), 949–956.

Psychosocial risk in healthcare workers after one year of COVID-19.

Moreno Martínez, M., Feijoo-Cid, M., Fernández-Cano, M. I., Llorens-Serrano, C., & Navarro-Giné, A

Sammanfattning

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed the capacity of the healthcare system, affecting the volume of demands and the care tasks of healthcare workers. Aims: To examine the health indicators and exposure to psychosocial risks of Spanish healthcare workers 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic and compare them with the results of the first wave. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire (April-May 2020 and 2021). The data stem from the COTS 1 project database, corresponding to the first wave of COVID-19 (n = 1989) and COTS 2 (n = 1716) corresponding to 1 year later. The samples were independent. The prevalence of exposure to psychosocial risks and adverse health indicators was estimated for every occupational group, segregating the data by sex. Results: Professionals of all types presented worse perception of health. In general, the results were worse for women, while geriatric assistants presented the greatest exposure to psychosocial risk in COTS 2 compared to COTS 1. Sleep problems, high quantitative demands and high concern about becoming infected and spreading COVID-19 were cross-disciplinary in COTS 1, while worse perception of health, high pace of work, high work-life conflict and low development opportunities stood out in COTS 2. Conclusions: Exposure to psychosocial risks was already high during the first wave and a significant decline in working conditions was observed. The prolongation of the pandemic exacerbated these results and seems to have multiplied the pre-existing inequalities between the axes of segregation in the labour market.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqac121

Referens

Moreno Martínez, M., Feijoo-Cid, M., Fernández-Cano, M. I., Llorens-Serrano, C., & Navarro-Giné, A (2022). Psychosocial risk in healthcare workers after one year of COVID-19. Occupational Medicine, kqac121. Advance online publication..

Factors Associated with Job Satisfaction in Medical Laboratory Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study in Ontario, Canada.

Lo, J., Fayyaz, Y., Jaswal, S., Gohar, B., Yazdani, A., Chattu, V. K., & Nowrouzi-Kia, B.

Sammanfattning

Job satisfaction has been widely studied across several healthcare disciplines and is correlated with important outcomes such as job performance and employee mental health. However, there is limited research on job satisfaction among medical laboratory professionals (MLPs), a key healthcare group that aids in diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. The objective of this study is to examine the demographic and psychosocial factors associated with job satisfaction for MLPs in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was administered to medical laboratory technologists (MLTs) and medical laboratory technicians/assistants (MLT/As) in Ontario, Canada. The survey included demographic questions and items from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, third edition. Binary logistic regressions were used to examine the association between job satisfaction and demographic variables and psychosocial work factors. There were 688 MLPs included in the analytic sample (72.12% response rate). Having a higher sense of community at work was correlated with higher job satisfaction in both MLT (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.07-4.77) and MLT/A (OR = 3.85, 95% CI: 1.12-14.06). In addition, having higher stress was correlated with lower job satisfaction in both MLT (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.18-0.57) and MLT/A (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.10-0.66). This study provides preliminary evidence on factors associated with job satisfaction in MLT and MLT/A. The findings can be used to support organizational practices and policies to improve psychosocial work factors.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Laboratorietekniker

DOI

10.3390/ejihpe13010004

Referens

Lo, J., Fayyaz, Y., Jaswal, S., Gohar, B., Yazdani, A., Chattu, V. K., & Nowrouzi-Kia, B. (2022). Factors Associated with Job Satisfaction in Medical Laboratory Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study in Ontario, Canada. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 3(1), 54–66.

Safety Culture Approach For Healthcare And Nursing Institutions.

Sepp, J.

Sammanfattning

There are a few ways how to increase the rate of employees’ safety culture at an institution, one of these is a positive safety culture, which includes their proper attitudes, safety-related values, staff members’ professional competences, and their willingness to work. The key element in the offering of quality and safe services in healthcare is a positive safety quality according to definitions. The aim of the current paper is to identify potential predictors of employees’ safety behaviour and determine safety culture subcultures that support operational manager to develop proactive safety management systems (SMSs) and offer safety of patients and employees. Two independent surveys were the basis of the new proposed approach. Quantitative method approach was selected to investigate safety culture subcultures in Estonian healthcare and nursing institutions. According to the proposed approach, there are crucial subcultures (e.g., just, reporting, learning, professional competences, and psychosocial well-being), which should be developed and periodically evaluated within an organisation. This measurement should have a clear and shared understanding of patient safety goals and occupational health and safety (OHS). The general management of organisations should consider implementation of assessment as a proactive approach to use the SMSs. The sustainability and proactivity of the proposed approach lies in defining action plans for continuous improvement and employees’ involvement in patient safety and OHS management.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Estland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.2478/eb-2022-0014

Referens

Sepp, J. (2022). Safety Culture Approach For Healthcare And Nursing Institutions. Economics and Business, 36(1), 211-228.

A Matter of Health? A 24-Week Daily and Weekly Diary Study on Workplace Bullying Perpetrators’ Psychological and Physical Health

Özer, G., Griep, Y., & Escartín, J.

Sammanfattning

Workplace bullying (WB) studies focusing on perpetrators are increasing. Many processes, events, circumstances and individual states are being studied to understand and inhibit what causes some employees to become perpetrators. Using a 24-week diary design and drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory, we investigated how sleep, physical activity (PA), and being bullied predicted perpetration on a within-level. On a between-level, we controlled for a supervisory position, psychological distress and mental illnesses over 38 employees from Spain and Turkey. Their average age was 38.84 years (SD = 11.75). They were from diverse sectors (15.8% in manufacturing, 15.8% in education, 13.2% in wholesale and retail trade, 13.2% in information and communication, 7.9% in health, 7.9% in other services and 26.3% from other sectors) with diverse professions such as finance manager, psychologist, graphic designer, academic, human resources professional, forensic doctor, IT and Administration head, municipality admin executive, waiter, and sales executives. Data collection was conducted over 24 consecutive work weeks, where only 31 participants were involved in perpetration (final observations = 720). We analyzed the data using multilevel structural equation modeling decomposed into within-and-between-person variance parts. The results indicated that on a within-level, PA as steps taken during the work week and being bullied positively predicted perpetration the same week, while sleep quality did not. By connecting sleep, physical exercise and WB literature, we draw attention to the health condition of perpetrators. Organizations should actively inhibit workplace bullying and be mindful of employees' physical activities at work or commuting to work. Managers should also be attentive to physical fatigue that employees may feel due to their responsibilities in their private lives and allow employees to rest and recuperate to inhibit negative behaviors at work.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Turkiet, Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph20010479

Referens

Özer, G., Griep, Y., & Escartín, J. (2022). A Matter of Health? A 24-Week Daily and Weekly Diary Study on Workplace Bullying Perpetrators’ Psychological and Physical Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 479.

Competence Development and Collaborative Climate as Antecedents of Job Performance, Job Commitment and Uncertainty: Validation of a Theoretical Model across Four Hospitals

Jensen, M. T., Øygarden, O., Mikkelsen, A., & Olsen, E.

Sammanfattning

Knowledge is lacking regarding how organizational factors are associated with uncertainty in patient treatment. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate how competence development and collaborative climate relates to job performance and job commitment, and further whether job performance and job commitment relate to uncertainty. Additionally, we examined whether these associations differed between four different hospitals. We applied data from 6445 hospital workers who provided care to patients. Basic statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to test the validity of the theoretical model developed in the study and the hypothesized associations. All hypothesized paths between the latent variables were significant and in accordance with the model across the four hospitals. The current study has implications for practical human resource management and indicates that competence development should be strengthened at the individual level and collaborative climate should be strengthened at the ward level. Strengthening competence development and collaborative climate can increase job performance and job commitment of individual workers and reduce uncertainty during care in hospital settings.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.3390/ijerph20010425

Referens

Jensen, M. T., Øygarden, O., Mikkelsen, A., & Olsen, E. (2022). Competence Development and Collaborative Climate as Antecedents of Job Performance, Job Commitment and Uncertainty: Validation of a Theoretical Model across Four Hospitals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 425.

On the Road Again–Using Rule-Oriented and Participative Leadership to Reduce Threats and Violence in the Construction Industry.

Grill, M.

Sammanfattning

Threats and violence are acute safety issues in many industries and effect a large proportion of the Swedish workforce. In the construction industry, more than half of constructions workers redirecting traffic at construction sites are subjected to threats or violence at least once a year. To help construction companies to systematically address and handle health and safety issues in accordance with the Provisions of the Swedish Work Environment Authority on Systematic Work Environment Management, an interventions method named Building Health has been developed by Gyllensten and colleagues. The intervention involved rule-oriented and participative leadership practise and was evaluated through a single case effect study in a middle-sized construction company. The results showed significant reductions in the one-year prevalence of threats of violence (pre-intervention = 35.0%; post-intervention = 19.0%; χ2 = 7.047; p = .008), feelings of being threatened (pre-intervention = 42.7%; post-intervention = 23.8%; χ2 = 9.188; p = .002), and conflicts with third parties (pre-intervention = 48.5%; post-intervention = 30.6%; χ2 = 7.913; p = .005). Combining rule-oriented and participative leadership when helping construction companies to improve their systematic work environment management for efficient handling of health and safety issues can have substantial positive effects on employees’ work environment.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Byggarbetare

DOI

10.16993/sjwop.179

Referens

Grill, M. (2022). On the Road Again–Using Rule-Oriented and Participative Leadership to Reduce Threats and Violence in the Construction Industry. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology.

"Don't Stop the Music," Please: The Relationship between Music Use at Work, Satisfaction, and Performance

Sanseverino, D., Caputo, A., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C.

Sammanfattning

Although there are several studies in the literature that have examined how different types of music affect performance or other organisational outcomes, knowledge about how music affects individuals in the workplace is still limited, especially in terms of perceived music use. This study aims to examine the effects of three different uses of music-namely, emotional, cognitive, and background music-on individual perceptions of job satisfaction and performance. A sample of 244 workers from different backgrounds was included in the study. We tested a full structural equation model. The results show that (1) emotional use has a positive relationship to performance, both directly and indirectly through mediating job satisfaction; (2) cognitive use has no significant effect on satisfaction and performance (even indirectly); and (3) background use has a negative relationship to job satisfaction and no relationship to performance. This work suggests that listening to music during work activities could be a positive organisational practice. Future studies could further investigate the role of music listening as a resource, taking into account other personal and contextual characteristics.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/bs13010015

Referens

Sanseverino, D., Caputo, A., Cortese, C. G., & Ghislieri, C. (2022). "Don't Stop the Music," Please: The Relationship between Music Use at Work, Satisfaction, and Performance. Behavioral Sciences, 13(1), 15.

Should I Stay or Should I Go (to the Office)?-Effects of Working from Home, Autonomy, and Core Self-Evaluations on Leader Health and Work-Life Balance

Neidlinger, S. M., Felfe, J., & Schübbe, K.

Sammanfattning

Leaders represent a high-demand group in organizations. The effects of leaders' personal and workplace resources on their health and work-life balance have often slipped under the radar, as most studies are directed outwardly and focus on follower outcomes. With this study, we closed a gap in the research and investigated the positive effects of remote work, autonomy, and leaders' core-self evaluations (CSE) on two important leader outcomes: health and work-life balance. We hypothesized that the relationship between remote work and the outcomes would be moderated by leaders' CSE and their autonomy-in such a way that leaders with lower resources benefit more from remote work and achieve better health and work-life balance the more days they spend working from home. A sample of 367 leaders reported their frequency of working from home, their autonomy, and CSE. Their health and work-life balance were assessed five months later. Results showed a moderating effect of CSE on both outcomes, indicating that leaders with low CSE benefit more in terms of health and work-life balance. There was no moderating effect of autonomy. Leaders with high resources (autonomy and CSE) had overall higher levels of health and work-life balance regardless of work location. Practitioners in organizations should consider working from home as a resource for leaders, particularly if personal resources are lower.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.3390/ijerph20010006

Referens

Neidlinger, S. M., Felfe, J., & Schübbe, K. (2022). Should I Stay or Should I Go (to the Office)?-Effects of Working from Home, Autonomy, and Core Self-Evaluations on Leader Health and Work-Life Balance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 6.

Mental health of working parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: can resilience buffer the impact of psychosocial work stress on depressive symptoms?

Brym, S., Mack, J. T., Weise, V., Kopp, M., Steudte-Schmiedgen, S., & Garthus-Niegel, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has confronted working parents with an accumulation of stressors regarding changes in work, family, and social life, putting their mental health at risk. Stressors include altered working conditions such as working from home or changes in working hours as well as the difficulty to reconcile work and childcare due to the closure of childcare facilities. The present study examined the relationship of psychosocial work stress (i.e., work-privacy conflict and effort-reward imbalance at work) and depressive symptoms in working parents and whether this association was moderated by individual resilience. Methods: Data of the present study (n = 452) were collected in Germany between May and June 2020 as part of the DREAMCORONA study. A subsample of working mothers (n = 191) and fathers (n = 261) completed the subscale for work-privacy conflict (WPC) of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Multiple linear regression analyses including moderation were performed, controlling for gender, working hours per week, and a lifetime history of depression as potential confounders. Results: Both WPC (β = 0.336, p < .001) and ERI (β = 0.254, p < .001) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Resilience moderated the relationship between ERI and depressive symptoms (β = - 0.101, p = .018), indicating that higher resilience weakened the relationship. However, this effect was not found regarding the relationship between WPC and depressive symptoms (β = 0.055, p = .167). Conclusions: The results highlight the need for measures to reduce psychosocial work stressors such as WPC and ERI during the COVID-19 pandemic on the one hand and to promote resilience on the other hand. The findings partially support the potential protective role of resilience buffering the association between psychosocial stress and mental health in working parents. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this effect.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-14582-y

Referens

Brym, S., Mack, J. T., Weise, V., Kopp, M., Steudte-Schmiedgen, S., & Garthus-Niegel, S. (2022). Mental health of working parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: can resilience buffer the impact of psychosocial work stress on depressive symptoms?. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 2426.

A Work Environment Blind Spot: Exploring School Principals’ Organisational and Social Work Environments.

Edvik, A., & Muhonen, T.

Sammanfattning

This article examines principals’ social work environment in the context of a series of school reforms inspired by new public management. With the point of departure in Job Demands and Resources, we put forward the following overall research question: which job demands and job resources are related to principals’ job satisfaction? The article has a mixed methods approach, combining material from questionnaires (466 participants) and interviews (15 participants). The results of the questionnaire indicate that job resources such as role clarity, influence, meaningfulness, and social community with senior managers were related to job satisfaction, while lacking job resources (influence, social community with senior managers) and experiencing role conflicts were associated with a higher intention to leave the profession. The interviews provide a more in-depth understanding of the shift of institutional logics within the school sector, enforcing boundaries between principals’ professional and managerial roles in accordance with New Public Managerial Ideas. The separation between profession and management contributes to principals’ organisational and social work environments being in a blind spot. This is not only a problem for the principals, but also a risk factor for the organisations themselves, as stress and ill-health among leaders tend to affect the entire organisation.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Rektorer

DOI

10.58235/sjpa.v26i4.10582

Referens

Edvik, A., & Muhonen, T. (2022). A Work Environment Blind Spot: Exploring School Principals’ Organisational and Social Work Environments. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration, 26(4), 47-71.

Working environment, work engagement and mental health problems among occupational and physical therapists.

orp, S., & Bergheim, L. T. J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Working environment, work engagement and health among occupational and physical therapists in Norway have rarely been investigated. Objectives: (1) To compare the psychosocial working environment, work engagement and mental health problems of occupational therapists with those of physical therapists; (2) to compare the same measures among occupational therapists working in the specialist and municipal healthcare services, respectively; and (3) to identify job demands and resources that influence the work engagement and mental health problems of occupational therapists. Material and methods: The Survey for Health Promoting Workplaces was used to collect data from 170 occupational therapists and 273 physical therapists (response rate =35%) working in specialist and municipal health care in Norway. Student's t-test, Pearson correlations and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: Occupational therapists experienced higher job demands and poorer health than physical therapists. Occupational therapists in the municipal healthcare services were slightly more satisfied with their job resources than colleagues in specialist healthcare services. Meaningful work and the opportunity to use one's strengths and potential contributed the most to high work engagement. Low work engagement was the most important contributor to poor mental health. Conclusion and significance: The mental health of occupational therapists seems to be closely related to the opportunity to perform high-quality therapy. It is important that work is organised so that occupational therapists have meaningful work tasks and opportunity to use their strengths and potential.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Fysioterapeuter

DOI

10.1080/11038128.2022.2154261

Referens

orp, S., & Bergheim, L. T. J. (2023). Working environment, work engagement and mental health problems among occupational and physical therapists. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 30(4), 505–519.

School principals' mental health and well-being under threat: A longitudinal analysis of workplace demands, resources, burnout, and well-being

Marsh, H. W., Dicke, T., Riley, P., Parker, P. D., Guo, J., Basarkod, G., & Martin, A. J.

Sammanfattning

Schools are critical organisational settings, and school principals face extreme stress levels. However, there are few large-scale, longitudinal studies of demands and resources that drive principals' health and well-being. Using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) framework, we evaluated longitudinal reciprocal effects over 3 years relating to job demands, job resources (resilience), job-related outcomes (burnout and job satisfaction), and personal outcomes (happiness and physical health) for a nationally representative sample of 3683 Australian school principals. Prior demands and resources led to small changes in subsequent outcomes, beneficial effects of resources, and adverse effects of demands, particularly for job-related outcomes. Furthermore, we also found reverse-reciprocal effects, prior outcomes (burnout and job satisfaction) influencing subsequent job characteristics. However, in response to substantively and theoretically important research questions, we found no support for Yerkes–Dodson Law (nonlinear effects of demands) or Nietzsche effects and inoculation effects (that which does not kill you, makes you stronger; manageable levels of demands build resilience). Relating our study to new and evolving issues in JD-R research, we offer limitations of our research—and JD-R theory and research more generally—and directions for further research in this essentially unstudied application of JD-R to school principals' mental health and well-being.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Rektorer

DOI

10.1111/aphw.12423

Referens

Marsh, H. W., Dicke, T., Riley, P., Parker, P. D., Guo, J., Basarkod, G., & Martin, A. J. (2023). School principals' mental health and well-being under threat: A longitudinal analysis of workplace demands, resources, burnout, and well-being. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 15(3), 999–1027.

Workplace incivility as a risk factor for workplace bullying and psychological well-being: a longitudinal study of targets and bystanders in a sample of swedish engineers.

Holm, K., Torkelson, E., & Bäckström, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of the present study is to explore whether (experienced and witnessed) workplace incivility is a risk factor for (experienced and witnessed) workplace bullying. An additional aim is to explore whether experienced workplace incivility is associated with psychological well-being above and beyond the influence of (experienced and witnessed) workplace bullying on well-being. Methods: A survey was distributed via e-mail to a panel of Swedish engineers. The survey was administered at three time points over one year. In total, N = 1005 engineers responded to the survey. Of these, N = 341 responded to more than one survey, providing longitudinal data. N = 111 responded to all three surveys. Results: The results showed that the likelihood of being targeted by workplace bullying was higher for those who had previously experienced incivility, even when taking previous bullying exposure into account. There was also partial support for a higher likelihood of witnessing bullying at a later time point for those that had previously witnessed incivility. Additionally, the results showed that experienced workplace incivility was negatively related to psychological well-being over time, even when controlling for previous levels of experienced and witnessed workplace bullying and well-being. However, this result was only found over one of the two time lags. Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggests that workplace incivility can be a risk factor for future bullying. In addition, the findings suggest that experienced workplace incivility exerts a unique negative effect on psychological well-being, even when accounting for exposure to workplace bullying.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Ingenjörer

DOI

10.1186/s40359-022-00996-1

Referens

Holm, K., Torkelson, E., & Bäckström, M. (2022). Workplace incivility as a risk factor for workplace bullying and psychological well-being: a longitudinal study of targets and bystanders in a sample of swedish engineers. BMC Psychology, 10(1), 299.

The effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work-family conflict and burnout in nurses: a cross-sectional study from South Korea

Han, S., & Kwak, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Sleep disturbances can lead to work-family conflicts and affect the mental health of nurses. This study aimed to investigate the mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work-family conflict (WFC) and burnout in nurses. Methods: Responses to a questionnaire from 156 nurses working in a hospital in South Korea were analyzed. Multiple linear regression analysis and PROCESS Macro Model 4 were used to analyze the mediating effect of sleep disturbance on the relationship between WFC and burnout. A bootstrapping approach was used to test the statistical significance of the indirect parameter effects. Results: The WFC of nurses had a positive correlation with sleep disturbance and burnout. Moreover, sleep disturbance completely mediated the association between WFC and burnout. Conclusions: Nursing administrators should pay careful attention to WFCs that interfere with nurses' sleep and reduce their sleep quality, and design suitable working schedules that minimize the effects of WFC. In addition, hospital administrators should improve shift scheduling to ensure good sleep quality and reduce the health effects of WFC among nurses

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1186/s12912-022-01114-7

Referens

Han, S., & Kwak, S. (2022). The effect of sleep disturbance on the association between work-family conflict and burnout in nurses: a cross-sectional study from South Korea. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 354.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Survey Research

Kumar, A., Indher, H. K. B., Gul, A., & Nawaz, R.

Sammanfattning

In the world ergonomics is involved everywhere, where is work there is a risk factor. Musculoskeletal disorder (MSDs) is a major risk factor in human life because it affects bones, joints, muscles, and connective tissues of whole human body parts such as the neck, shoulder, arms, wrists, hips, legs, thigh, knee, ankles, etc. so mainly our study focus on musculoskeletal disorders. This study there has used questionnaires in four factors those are socio-demographic, psychological, occupational, and biomechanical. In these factors number of questions were included in the data has been collected. In addition, there was the Nordic section in questions from that we analyzed the pain in different parts of the human body. The study concentrated on the business, education, industry, and healthcare sectors in Hyderabad, Kotri, and Jamshoro. University students and teachers, retail salespeople, manufacturing industry workers, nurses, doctors, nursing assistants, and other health professionals comprised the sample group. The questionnaires were fully completed by 50% of the respondents, resulting in a sample of 116 workers. The majority of the participants were private employees with one to fifteen years of experience in teaching or caring. In this study data has been analyzed through Co-relation between four factors with the Nordic section and ANOVA test through excel and it gives the value of p is also less than 0.05 so we cannot reject the null hypothesis. Over this study it has been analyzed that population is evolving in problems and there should be the proper implementation of ergonomics and safety rules. Test gives the values are not significant and null hypothesis should not reject and it should be improving.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Pakistan

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5815/ijem.2022.06.01

Referens

Kumar, A., Indher, H. K. B., Gul, A., & Nawaz, R. (2022). Analysis of Risk Factors for Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Survey Research. International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing, 12(6), 1-13.

Psychosocial working conditions as determinants of concerns to have made important medical errors and possible intermediate factors of this association among medical assistants - a cohort study.

Mambrey, V., Angerer, P., & Loerbroks, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: We sought to examine the association of psychosocial working conditions with concerns to have made important medical errors and to identify possible intermediate factors in this relationship. Methods: We used data from 408 medical assistants (MAs) in Germany who participated in a 4-year prospective cohort study (follow-up period: 03-05/2021). Psychosocial working conditions were assessed at baseline by the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire and by a MA-specific questionnaire with seven subscales. MAs reported at follow-up whether they are concerned to have made an important medical error throughout the last 3 months, 12 months or since baseline (yes/no). These variables were merged into a single variable (any affirmative response vs. none) for primary analyses. Potential intermediate factors measured at baseline included work engagement (i.e., vigor and dedication, assessed by the UWES), work satisfaction (COPSOQ), depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2) and self-rated health. We ran Poisson regression models with a log-link function to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Doing so, we employed the psychosocial working condition scales as continuous variables (i.e. z-scores) in the primary analyses. Potential intermediate factors were added separately to the regression models. Results: Poor collaboration was the only working condition, which was significantly predictive of the concern of having made an important medical error (RR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.00-1.57, p = 0.049). Partial intermediate factors in this association were vigor, depression and anxiety. Conclusion: We found weak and mostly statistically non-significant associations. The only exception was poor collaboration whose association with concerns to have made an important medical error was partially explained by vigor and poor mental health

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12913-022-08895-2

Referens

Mambrey, V., Angerer, P., & Loerbroks, A. (2022). Psychosocial working conditions as determinants of concerns to have made important medical errors and possible intermediate factors of this association among medical assistants - a cohort study. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1501.

Quality of leadership and self-rated health: the moderating role of 'Effort-Reward Imbalance': a longitudinal perspective.

Kuchenbaur, M., & Peter, R.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Longitudinal studies on the influence of leadership behavior on employees' self-rated health are scarce. As a result, potential mechanisms describing the impact of leadership behavior on health have not been adequately investigated so far. The present study accounts for the influence of leadership behavior on self-rated health within the framework of the Effort-Reward Imbalance model. Methods: The study was conducted on the basis of a cohort which comprised a random sample of healthcare workers from ten different hospitals and one elderly nursing home in Germany. A 2-level repeated measurement model with random intercept and slopes was modeled, since it was aimed to account for individual as well as intra-individual variation of subjective health across three time points over 36 months. Beside 'Effort-Reward Imbalance' and 'Quality of Leadership' from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, physical and mental health was assessed by German version of the SF12 multipurpose short-form measure of health status. Results: 'Effort-Reward Imbalance' and a lack in 'Quality of Leadership' negatively affect self-rated physical health. No effect was found for self-rated mental health. Effort-Reward Imbalance significantly moderates the effect of 'Quality of Leadership' on self-rated physical health. Conclusion: The findings, and the interaction effects in particular, suggest that leadership behavior moderated by factors such as appreciation and support, influences self-rated physical health. The study therefore provides an interpretation for leadership behavior and its influence on employees' self-rated health within the 'Effort-Reward Imbalance' model.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-022-01941-w

Referens

Kuchenbaur, M., & Peter, R. (2023). Quality of leadership and self-rated health: the moderating role of 'Effort-Reward Imbalance': a longitudinal perspective. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 6(3), 473–482.

Relation between Employee Productivity, Job Satisfaction, and Ethical Leadership in the Context of Work-Life Conflict

Abdelhay, S., Al Talay, M. S. R., Abdelhay, D. A., & El-Bannany, M.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Determine how ethical leadership affects job happiness and productivity through the lens of work-life conflict. There is widespread agreement that health care workers' job happiness and productivity are positively impacted when they have a reasonable work-life balance. According to the available data, a leader's ethical behavior has a positive effect on the output of his or her team. Ethical leadership may also affect workplace productivity and satisfaction by influencing how workers feel about the balance between their personal and professional lives. Methods: Data was obtained through electronic surveys from employees, their direct supervisors and managers across a sample of Emirati businesses, following a longitudinal methodology in which staff members from across the organization contributed to the data collection process. Initially, I emailed and used WhatsApp to distribute the survey link to 500 workers; those workers in turn invited their immediate superiors to complete the questionnaire, which was subsequently returned to the authors of the study. Results: Multiple regression analyses concluded that an ethical leadership style significantly affects worker satisfaction, engagement, and output. Employee output was linked to a leader's commitment to ethics through a mediating factor of job satisfaction. The results of the study imply that a leadership style with an emphasis on ethics may improve employees' perceptions of their productivity and work-life balance. If managers truly care about their staff, they will adopt ethical leadership practices that encourage work-life harmony.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Egypten

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.17605/OSF.IO/FCJ3W

Referens

Abdelhay, S., Al Talay, M. S. R., Abdelhay, D. A., & El-Bannany, M. (2023). Relation between Employee Productivity, Job Satisfaction, and Ethical Leadership in the Context of Work-Life Conflict. Resmilitaris, 13(3), 2534-2546.

Occupational health in nurses’ staff of local hospitals: relationship between leadership role and post-pandemic psychosocial risks.

González-Cañizalez, Y., & Flor-Mosquera, J.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risk factors associated with stressful working conditions after COVID-19 outbreak, have been studied in 20 nurses of a Basic Hospital in a rural area of Ecuador. Previous studies showed that social relationships, autonomy, and psychological demands were prominent dimensions that lead the risk perception. The aim of this study was to identify determinant leadership in the well-being of nurses and its influence in the psychosocial environment. After the intervention a positive participatory (83%) and collaborative (81%) performance was accomplished, directive leadership decreased (70%), while achievement-oriented leadership remained low (68%). The Wilcoxon test showed significant differences in qualitative-quantitative dimensions of psychological risk (Z= -3.100; p<.01), and (Z= -2.925; p<.01) respectively. Significant relationships among risk factors, perceived work climate and perception of leadership styles was possible to improve the well-being, by using a virtual team model based on participatory leadership. Findings are discussed and measures are proposed for future research.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Ecuador

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.15446/dyna.v89n224.103346

Referens

González-Cañizalez, Y., & Flor-Mosquera, J. (2022). Occupational health in nurses’ staff of local hospitals: relationship between leadership role and post-pandemic psychosocial risks. Dyna, 89(224), 123-131.

Violation of German rest break regulation criteria and health complaints while working in the office and from home

Wendsche, J., Lohmann-Haislah, A., Schulz, A., & Schöllgen,

Sammanfattning

The aim of this survey study (n = 534) was to clarify if work from home (WFH) affects employees’ compliance with six German mandatory rest break regulations and how this relates to health complaints. 92% reported at least one violation of these rest break principles. WFH (frequency) did not affect the (non-)compliance with these regulations but was associated with increased risk for muscular tension. Frequent break skipping increased risk of headache. Noncompliance with three or more of these rest break criteria related to risk of depressive mood and headache, and noncompliance related to risk of exhaustion in a dose-response relationships. WFH does not relate to violation of German rest break regulation criteria but is associated to musculoskeletal complaints. Organizations should improve employees’ compliance with national break standards since this can reduce health risks.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.18753/2297-8224-219

Referens

Wendsche, J., Lohmann-Haislah, A., Schulz, A., & Schöllgen, (2022). Violation of German rest break regulation criteria and health complaints while working in the office and from home. Sozialpolitik, ch, (2/2022), 2-2.

Psychosocial Risk Factors and Quality of Life Among Nurses Working in Public Sector Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar, A Correlational Study: Psychosocial Risk Factors and Quality of Life among Nurses.

Muhammad, D., Rahim, T., Ajmal, H., & Bibi, N.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risk factors at nurse's work environment are the major threat to the professional well-being and health of nurses. Nurses in developing countries like Pakistan are not appreciated and valued as greatly as compared to Western states which are evinced by their very low pays and poor work conditions. These can lead to different consequences like affecting work abilities and poor quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate psychosocial risk factors and quality of life among nurses working in public sector tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Methods: A cross sectional (correlational) study was conducted to assess relationship between “Psychosocial risk factors” and “quality of life” (QOL) among registered nurses at public sector tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and WHO quality of life scales were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The mean age of nurses was mean 28.95 ±5.25 SD. In term of psychosocial risk factors, participants reported high mean score in all factors. Regarding quality of life, majority 63% reported having “Poor” while only 37% nurses have “Good” quality of life. There was negative correlation between quantitative demands, work pace, emotional demands, burnout and stress and offensive behaviours with participant's quality of life (p-value 0.001). While positive correlation was observed between recognition, social support and quality of life among studied nurses. Conclusions: This study found multiple factors of psychosocial environment at public sector hospitals of Peshawar. The poor psychosocial environment has potential infuence on overall health and quality of life of nurses.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Pakistan

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.54393/pjhs.v3i05.162

Referens

Muhammad, D., Rahim, T., Ajmal, H., & Bibi, N. (2022). Psychosocial Risk Factors and Quality of Life Among Nurses Working in Public Sector Tertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar, A Correlational Study: Psychosocial Risk Factors and Quality of Life among Nurses. Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences, 41-45.

Mental and physical health and well-being of canadian employees who were working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic

Somasundram, K. G., Hackney, A., Yung, M., Du, B., Oakman, J., Nowrouzi-Kia, B., & Yazdani, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed various aspects of our lives, including how we work. Since the start of the pandemic, numerous organizations in Canada have mandated their employees to work from home (WFH) on a full-time basis. The rapid rise in the number of remote workers and the possibility for WFH continuing in the future signifies the importance of understanding the health and well-being of employees working from home over the course of the pandemic in Canada. We present the findings of two surveys (initial and 6-month follow-up) to examine the health and well-being of WFH employees during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. We analyzed the changes in mental and physical health and well-being of employees who were working from home between two time points during the pandemic. Methods: Initial survey was completed between October 2020 and December 2020 (n = 1617); follow-up survey was completed between May 2021 and June 2021 (n = 382). We calculated the frequencies for survey questions involving demographics, WFH preferences, workstation setup training, employment situation, provision of hardware technologies, provision and usage of software technologies, and organization's return to work plan. We conducted Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to analyze the within-individual changes in mental and physical health and well-being of the 382 respondents who completed both the initial and follow-up surveys. Results: Our analyses showed significant changes in various aspects of employee mental and physical health and well-being. Burnout, stress, general mental health, and job insecurity levels significantly decreased between the two time periods. Work-related sedentary behaviour reduced over time; however, the average proportion of time spent sitting during work hours was more than 80% in both surveys. Employees received more help and feedback from their colleagues and experienced a better sense of community with their co-workers over time. Conclusion: The findings can inform workers and organizations on the changes in mental and physical health and well-being of employees working from home during the pandemic. By understanding the changes in worker health and well-being, employers can develop effective strategies and implement policies that help protect employees' health and well-being.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-14349-5

Referens

Somasundram, K. G., Hackney, A., Yung, M., Du, B., Oakman, J., Nowrouzi-Kia, B., & Yazdani, A. (2022). Mental and physical health and well-being of canadian employees who were working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1987.

Linear and non-linear relationships between job demands-resources and psychological and physical symptoms of service sector employees. When is the midpoint a good choice?

Sanclemente F.J., Gamero N., Arenas A. & Medina F.J.

Sammanfattning

Related to the research of working conditions, the link between organizational factors and health was traditionally analyzed using linear models. However, the literature analysis suggests inconsistencies in linear models predicting workers’ health levels. To clarify this issue, this exploratory research compares the linear and non-linear relationships between job demands-resources (task complexity, time pressure, contact with users, and job autonomy), and the psychological and physical symptoms of employees working in the main five service subsectors: commerce, horeca (hotels, restaurants, and cafés), public administration, education, and healthcare. With a final sample of 4,047 participants, our study data were extracted from the II Andalusian Working Conditions Survey. Following the theoretical framework of JD-R Model and considering the Vitamin Model theoretical approach for non-linear relationships, our results showed that there were significant differences among the five subsectors analyzed regarding the linear and non-linear relationships between job demands-resources and psychological and physical symptoms of employees. Furthermore, task complexity generated non-linear relationships in higher proportion than time pressure and contact with users. Likewise, non-linear relationships found showed a U-shape. Moreover, the findings of non-linear relationships suggested that medium levels of task complexity should not be exceeded to avoid further negative impact on psychological and physical symptoms for service sector employees, preserving their health. Finally, some general practical implications of work environment interventions are suggested

År

2022

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3389/fpsyg.2022.950908

Referens

Sanclemente F.J., Gamero N., Arenas A. & Medina F.J. (2022). Linear and non-linear relationships between job demands-resources and psychological and physical symptoms of service sector employees. When is the midpoint a good choice?. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 950908.

Variation on Work Demands and Sleep Disturbances Concerning Fixed and Rotating Shifts in the Water, Sanitation, and Waste Secto

Dionísio, A., Cotrim, T. P., Teles, J., & Carvalhais, J.

Sammanfattning

The growing production of waste and increased use of water and sanitation systems worldwide have been pressuring the water, sanitation, and waste sectors. This study analyzed the perception of the determinants of work activity among workers from the water, sanitation, and waste sector in Portugal, the variation in the work demands among different shift types, and the main predictors of sleep disturbances. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire administered to 300 workers in 2017 and 2019. An ageing population was identified in all shift types. Possible occupational trajectories with changes from the fixed night and early morning shifts to daytime and fast rotating shifts may be linked to health conditions. Workers in fixed night and early morning shifts perceived higher physical demands and environmental discomfort, lower social support, and job dissatisfaction. Workers in daytime or fast rotating shifts perceived higher cognitive demands. Sleep disturbances were perceived more negatively among those working permanently on night and early morning shifts. The main predictors of sleep disturbance in both years were the type of shift, and high physical demands. The study highlights the relevance of characterizing the work demandsto establish future strategies to improve the health and well-being of shift workers

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Vatten och sanitetsarbetare

DOI

10.3390/asi5060108

Referens

Dionísio, A., Cotrim, T. P., Teles, J., & Carvalhais, J. (2022). Variation on Work Demands and Sleep Disturbances Concerning Fixed and Rotating Shifts in the Water, Sanitation, and Waste Secto. Applied System Innovation, 5(6), 108.

A Quick "Environment Check" for All Ages: Validating the New Age-Inclusive Work Environments Instrument

Owen, M. S., Berthelsen, H., Jamieson, S. D., & Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Background and objectives: The global aging workforce necessitates new approaches in designing work environments to cater to the needs of increasingly age-diverse work groups. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has in reaction outlined that organizations need to provide age-inclusive work environments that support the needs of their multigenerational workforce, to ensure their sustainability and profitability. To capture the age inclusiveness of the work environment, the present study proposes and validates an age-inclusive "environment check" for organizations referred to as the Age-Inclusive Work Environment Instrument (AIWEI), which covers discrimination, inclusion, and development opportunities. Research design and methods: We validate the 9-item AIWEI using cross-sectional and multilevel data from 2,892 Swedish workers across 101 workplaces who completed an online survey, using confirmatory factor analyses across young, middle-age, and older workers. Using a nomological approach, we also evaluate the concurrent validity of the AIWEI with a 2-1-1 path analysis. Results: The factor analyses supported a 3-factor model comprising of inclusion, discrimination, and development opportunities, across 3 age groups (i.e., young, middle-age, and older workers). These 3 factors had high Intraclass Coefficient (ICC) scores showing consistency in responding in the workplace. In accordance with the nomological approach, the factors of the AIWEI were linked with Psychosocial Safety Climate, burnout, and engagement, demonstrating concurrent validity for the AIWEI. Discussion and implications: This new "environment check" provides a way to capture age-inclusive work environments for both younger and older workers, in an age-diverse workforce. In the validation process, age-inclusive work environments were found to exist as a group phenomenon, through shared perceptions within an organization, as well as an individual phenomenon, as experiences specific to an individual. This is important for the development and implementation of policies and strategies designed to benefit workers and organizations

År

2022

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/geroni/igac066

Referens

Owen, M. S., Berthelsen, H., Jamieson, S. D., & Westerlund, H. (2022). A Quick "Environment Check" for All Ages: Validating the New Age-Inclusive Work Environments Instrument. Innovation in Aging, 6(7), igac066.

Leadership program with skills training for general practitioners was highly accepted without improving job satisfaction: the cluster randomized IMPROVEjob study

Degen, L., Göbel, J., Minder, K., Seifried-Dübon, T., Werners, B., Grot, M., Rind, E., Pieper, C., Eilerts, A. L., Schröder, V., Siegel, A., Hüsing, A., Jöckel, K. H., Rieger, M. A., IMPROVEjob Research Cooperation, & Weltermann, B. M.

Sammanfattning

Leadership has become an increasingly important issue in medicine as leadership skills, job satisfaction and patient outcomes correlate positively. Various leadership training and physician psychological well-being programmes have been developed internationally, yet no standard is established in primary care. The IMPROVEjob leadership program was developed to improve job satisfaction among German general practitioners and practice personnel. Its acceptance and effectiveness were evaluated. The IMPROVEjob intervention is a participatory, interdisciplinary and multimodal leadership intervention that targets leadership, workflows and communication in general practices using three elements: (1) two leadership workshops with skills training; (2) a toolbox with printed and online material, and (3) a 9-month implementation phase supported by facilitators. A cluster-randomised trial with a waiting-list control evaluated the effectiveness on the primary outcome job satisfaction assessed by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (range 0-100). A mixed-methods approach with questionnaires and participant interviews evaluated the acceptance of the intervention and factors influencing the implementation of intervention content. Statistical analyses respected the clustered data structure. The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated intervention adjustments: online instead of on-site workshops, online material instead of facilitator practice visits. Overall, 52 of 60 practices completed the study, with altogether 70 practice leaders, 16 employed physicians, and 182 practice assistants. According to an intention-to-treat analysis, job satisfaction decreased between baseline and follow-up (not significantly) in the total study population and in both study arms, while the subgroup of practice leaders showed a non-significant increase. A mixed multilevel regression model showed no effect of the intervention on job satisfaction (b = - 0.36, p > 0.86), which was influenced significantly by a greater sense of community (b = 0.14, p < 0.05). The acceptance of the IMPROVEjob workshops was high, especially among practice leaders compared to assistants (1 = best to 5 = worst): skills training 1.78 vs. 2.46, discussions within the practice team 1.87 vs. 2.28, group discussions 1.96 vs. 2.21. The process evaluation revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic complicated change processes and delayed the implementation of intervention content in practice routines. The workshops within the participatory IMPROVEjob intervention were rated very positively but the multimodal intervention did not improve job satisfaction 9 months into the pandemic. Qualitative data showed an impairment of implementation processes by the unforeseeable COVID pandemic.Trial registration Registration number: DRKS00012677 on 16/10/2019.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1038/s41598-022-22357-z

Referens

Degen, L., Göbel, J., Minder, K., Seifried-Dübon, T., Werners, B., Grot, M., Rind, E., Pieper, C., Eilerts, A. L., Schröder, V., Siegel, A., Hüsing, A., Jöckel, K. H., Rieger, M. A., IMPROVEjob Research Cooperation, & Weltermann, B. M. (2022). Leadership program with skills training for general practitioners was highly accepted without improving job satisfaction: the cluster randomized IMPROVEjob study. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 17869.

Emotional demands and entrepreneurial burnout: the role of autonomy and job satisfaction

Tahar, Y. B., Rejeb, N., Maalaoui, A., Kraus, S., Westhead, P., & Jones, P.

Sammanfattning

Entrepreneurs can exhibit the entrepreneurial burnout syndrome, which retards entrepreneur and firm performance. Building upon insights from the conservation of resources theory of stress response and psychology theory, this study examined the role of entrepreneur emotional demands as well as job autonomy and satisfaction resources with regard to entrepreneurial burnout. Multivariate regression analysis relating to 273 entrepreneurs in France revealed that emotional demands were positively associated with entrepreneurial burnout, while job autonomy and satisfaction were negatively associated with entrepreneurial burnout. Job autonomy buffered the negative effect of emotional demands on entrepreneurial burnout. However, job satisfaction did not buffer the negative effect of emotional demands on entrepreneurial burnout. Implications are discussed.

År

2023

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Annat

DOI

10.1007/s11187-022-00702-w

Referens

Tahar, Y. B., Rejeb, N., Maalaoui, A., Kraus, S., Westhead, P., & Jones, P. (2023). Emotional demands and entrepreneurial burnout: the role of autonomy and job satisfaction. Small Business Economics, 61, 701–716.

Improving Stress and Positive Mental Health at Work via an App-Based Intervention: A Large-Scale Multi-Center Randomized Control Trial.

Weber, S., Lorenz, C., & Hemmings, N.

Sammanfattning

Mobile health interventions (i.e., "apps") are used to address mental health and are an increasingly popular method available to both individuals and organizations to manage workplace stress. However, at present, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of mobile health interventions in counteracting or improving stress-related health problems, particularly in naturalistic, non-clinical settings. This project aimed at validating a mobile health intervention (which is theoretically grounded in the Job Demands-Resources Model) in preventing and managing stress at work. Within the mobile health intervention, employees make an evidence-based, personalized, psycho-educational journey to build further resources, and thus, reduce stress. A large-scale longitudinal randomized control trial, conducted with six European companies over 6 weeks using four measurement points, examined indicators of mental health via measures of stress, wellbeing, resilience, and sleep. The data were analyzed by means of hierarchical multilevel models for repeated measures, including both self-report measures and user behavior metrics from the app. The results (n = 532) suggest that using the mobile health intervention (vs. waitlist control group) significantly improved stress and wellbeing over time. Higher engagement in the intervention increased the beneficial effects. Additionally, use of the sleep tracking function led to an improvement in sleeping troubles. The intervention had no effects on measures of physical health or social community at work. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, focusing on benefits and challenges of using technological solutions for organizations to support individuals' mental health in the workplace.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Fler länder

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02745

Referens

Weber, S., Lorenz, C., & Hemmings, N. (2019). Improving Stress and Positive Mental Health at Work via an App-Based Intervention: A Large-Scale Multi-Center Randomized Control Trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2745.

Poor Health Conditions among Brazilian Healthcare Workers: The Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the HEROES Cohort

Sato, T. O., de Faria, B. S. F., Albuquerque, B. B., Silva, F. L. D., Rohwedder, L. S., de Azevedo, R. T., Gonçalves, J. S., Vieira, L. M. S. M. A., Triches, M. I., de Sousa, R. A., Cardoso, V. F., & Mininel, V. A.

Sammanfattning

This study was conducted to describe the health conditions (the psychosocial aspects, sleep quality, and musculoskeletal symptoms) among Brazilian healthcare workers in the context of the pandemic. Workers answered an online questionnaire, including the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The most unfavourable psychosocial factors were work pace (61%; 95% CI: 52-69%), emotional work demands (75%; 95% CI: 67-82%), predictability (47%; 95% CI: 39-56%), work-family conflict (55%; 95% CI: 46-64%), burnout (86%; 95% CI: 78-91%), and stress (81%; 95% CI: 73-87%). Most workers (74%; 95% CI: 66-81%) were classified as poor sleepers. Musculoskeletal symptoms were frequent in the neck (64%; 95% CI: 55-72%), shoulders (62%; 95% CI: 54-70%), upper back (58%; 95% CI: 50-67%), and lower back (61%; 95% CI: 52-69%). Depressive symptoms were also highly prevalent (mild: 22%; 95% CI: 15-30%, moderate: 16%; 95% CI: 11-23%, severe: 8%; 95% CI: 4-14%). Most healthcare workers experience unfavourable psychosocial factors, poor sleep quality, as well as musculoskeletal and depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the urgent need to acknowledge and address psychological and physical distress to improve the personal and professional well-being of this population.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.3390/healthcare10102096

Referens

Sato, T. O., de Faria, B. S. F., Albuquerque, B. B., Silva, F. L. D., Rohwedder, L. S., de Azevedo, R. T., Gonçalves, J. S., Vieira, L. M. S. M. A., Triches, M. I., de Sousa, R. A., Cardoso, V. F., & Mininel, V. A. (2022). Poor Health Conditions among Brazilian Healthcare Workers: The Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the HEROES Cohort. Healthcare, 10(10), 2096.

Management of Psychosocial Risks in the Higher Schools of the University of Douala-Cameroon.

Mbog Mbog, S., Mboute Nzekou, T., Adiogo, D., & Bitondo, D.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risks have negative effects on the health and safety of people and on the performance of companies. This is also the case at the University of Douala where several unfavorable working conditions were recorded, which testifies to the importance of psychosocial risk management. This research aims to contribute to the improvement of working conditions, health and safety through the management of psychosocial risks at the University of Douala. To achieve this objective, we have had recourse to 4 specific objectives, namely: To make a diagnosis of psychosocial risk factors, to analyze the risks during the course periods as well as the potential causes related to psychosocial risks and to propose an action plan for the implementation of some critical actions. In order to achieve the established objectives, we used a questionnaire divided into 6 parties and then administered to a sample of people from the University of Douala, the data collected was analyzed using Excel software showing the significant factors linked to the differences. Observed. Then we made an analysis of the dangerous situations and possible dangers during the course periods and then an identification of the potential causes of psychosocial risks using the 5M method. Some of the identified causes were further analyzed using the fault tree. Finally, we used the QQOQCCP questioning tool to establish our improvement plans and we implemented some critical actions. Overall, the results suggest that the University of Douala needs to do a lot more to improve working conditions. The results also reveal that the deviations observed during the initial diagnosis and analysis of dangerous situations in these schools are potential causes of the occurrence of psychosocial risks. The measures that were proposed in the established action plan have been implemented and are being followed up.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Cameroun

Yrken

Akademisk personal

DOI

10.4236/jss.2022.1012019

Referens

Mbog Mbog, S., Mboute Nzekou, T., Adiogo, D., & Bitondo, D. (2022). Management of Psychosocial Risks in the Higher Schools of the University of Douala-Cameroon. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10, 281-289.

Why do leaders engage in destructive behaviours? The role of leaders’ working environment and stress

Tafvelin, S., Lundmark, R., von Thiele Schwarz, U., & Stenling, A.

Sammanfattning

Complementing previous research on antecedents of destructive leadership, we examined the role of work stressors in the emergence of active and passive destructive leadership behaviours. Building on conservation of resources theory, we examined direct and indirect relations between leaders’ perceptions of workload, role ambiguity and intragroup conflict on ratings of their own destructive leadership, as well as mediating paths through perceived stress. We used a two-wave survey design consisting of a random sample of 1311 managers. Structural equation modelling revealed that work stressors were only related to passive forms of destructive leadership, whereas personality was related to both active and passive forms of destructive leadership. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.1111/joop.12413

Referens

Tafvelin, S., Lundmark, R., von Thiele Schwarz, U., & Stenling, A. (2022). Why do leaders engage in destructive behaviours? The role of leaders’ working environment and stress. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 00, 1–18.

Self-Efficacy, Resilience and Distress: Challenges in Education for Sustainable Entrepreneurship in a Health Context

Souto, I.; Brito, E.; Pereira, A.

Sammanfattning

The European Commission has highlighted the development of entrepreneurship competence in lifelong learning skills. In this way, the present study aims to contribute towards fostering the intrapreneurial mindset in healthcare settings. The focus of attention is on the relationship between organizational structures and processes (work-related content and content, specifically psychosocial risk factors), as well as individual wellbeing factors (distress and resilient coping) that could be relevant not only for the promotion of organizational wellbeing, but also to ensure an intrapreneurship-friendly environment (through the promotion of self-efficacy). An empirical study was conducted involving 333 formal caregivers of healthcare services. Portuguese versions of the instruments Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III, medium version) were employed. Results show that resilience and distress (at the individual level), as well as role clarity, control over working time, and job insecurity (at the organizational level) are predisposing factors for self-efficacy, which are highlighted as essential to ensure an enabling environment for intrapreneurship and wellbeing. For practical consideration, we present an entrepreneurial mindset development strategy through the implementation of cause-related marketing as a pedagogical tool for entrepreneurship within the organization, which allows for experimentation and the necessary creative flexibility.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.3390/educsci12100720

Referens

Souto, I.; Brito, E.; Pereira, A. (2022). Self-Efficacy, Resilience and Distress: Challenges in Education for Sustainable Entrepreneurship in a Health Context. Education Sciences, 12, 720.

Independent Supported Housing Versus Institutionalised Residential Rehabilitation for Individuals with Severe Mental Illness: A Survey of Attitudes and Working Conditions Among Mental Healthcare Professionals

Adamus, C., Alpiger, J., Jäger, M.; Richter, D.; Mötteli, S.

Sammanfattning

Despite widespread support for Independent Supported Housing (ISH) interventions, psychiatric housing rehabilitation still commonly takes place in residential care facilities (RCFs). This study compares preferences, attitudes and working conditions of mental healthcare professionals (MHCPs) in ISH and RCFs using an online survey. The survey included setting preferences, stress and strain at work, recovery attitudes, stigmatisation, and factors experienced as particularly important or obstructive in housing rehabilitation. Data were analysed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Of the 112 participating MHCPs, 37% worked in ISH and 63% in RCFs. Professionals’ education, work-related demands and influence at work were higher in ISH, stigmatising attitudes were higher in RCFs. MHCPs in both settings endorsed ISH. The support process was seen as particularly important whereas stigmatisation, regulatory and political requirements were seen as obstructive for successful housing rehabilitation. Results indicate that social inclusion of individuals with severe mental illness is seldom feasible without professional support.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s10597-022-01037-2

Referens

Adamus, C., Alpiger, J., Jäger, M.; Richter, D.; Mötteli, S. (2022). Independent Supported Housing Versus Institutionalised Residential Rehabilitation for Individuals with Severe Mental Illness: A Survey of Attitudes and Working Conditions Among Mental Healthcare Professionals. Community Mental Health Journal.

The Role of Staff-Assessed Care Quality in the Relationship between Job Demands and Stress in Human Service Work: The Example of Dentistry

Karatuna, I., Owen, M., Westerlund, H., & Berthelsen, H.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this study was to investigate staff-assessed care quality at the clinic as a predictor of stress and as a moderator between job demands (quantitative demands and role conflict) and stress among dental professionals as an example of human service workers. Cross-sectional questionnaire data from 1012 dental professionals (i.e., dentists, dental hygienists and dental nurses) working at 99 clinics were analysed by confirmatory factor analysis and a two-level hierarchical linear model. Stress, quantitative demands and role conflict were measured by the Swedish standard version of COPSOQ III and care quality was measured by three proprietary items. The results showed that staff-assessed care quality at the clinic was of importance for the individual workers’ experiences of stress. Furthermore, the staff’s joint assessment of the care quality at the clinic mitigated the negative effect of role conflict on stress among dental nurses. These results indicate that a high level of staff-assessed care quality at the clinic can contribute to reduced stress in dental professionals

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.3390/ijerph191912795

Referens

Karatuna, I., Owen, M., Westerlund, H., & Berthelsen, H. (2022). The Role of Staff-Assessed Care Quality in the Relationship between Job Demands and Stress in Human Service Work: The Example of Dentistry. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), 12795.

Hair Cortisol, Glucocorticoid Gene Receptor Polymorphisms, Stress, and Testicular Function

Nordkap, L., Almstrup, K., Priskorn, L., Bang, A. K., Stalder, T., Petersen, J. H., ... & Jørgensen, N.

Sammanfattning

Objective. Self-reported psychological stress has been associated with decreased semen quality. Cortisol levels in scalp hair (hair cortisol concentration, HCC) has emerged as a potential objective marker of psychological stress. Thus, we investigated if HCC was associated with markers of testicular function. Furthermore, we examined whether three common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the glucocorticoid-receptor gene (NR3C1, chromosome 5), potentially affecting receptor sensitivity, were associated with HCC and could influence the studied association between HCC and testicular function. Design. Cross-sectional study. Methods We analysed HCC, serum-levels of reproductive hormones, semen parameters, and the three NR3C1-polymorphisms; BclI (rs41423247), Tth111I (rs10052957), and 9β (rs6198), in a population of 696 men from the general population. Results. HCC was not associated with testicular function, and adjustment for the three NR3C1-polymorphisms did not alter the results. However, HCC increased significantly with the number of Tth111I minor-alleles (T) and decreased significantly with the number of 9β minor-alleles (G). Conclusion Given previously shown associations between stress and semen quality, and that no association between HCC and self-reported stress was observed in the current study, we speculate that negative reproductive effects of stress may not be mediated directly by cortisol. This study demonstrates associations between HCC and glucocorticoid receptor gene variants indicating that these SNPs may influence systemic glucocorticoid levels, but the potential health effects of such alterations are yet unknown

År

2022

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

0.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105942

Referens

Nordkap, L., Almstrup, K., Priskorn, L., Bang, A. K., Stalder, T., Petersen, J. H., ... & Jørgensen, N. (2022). Hair Cortisol, Glucocorticoid Gene Receptor Polymorphisms, Stress, and Testicular Function.

Feasibility and preliminary evaluation of internet-based compassion and cognitive–behavioral stress-management courses for health care professionals: A randomized controlled pilot trial

Johansson, M., Marcusson-Clavertz, D., Gunnarsson, C., Olsson, I., Kaldo, V., & Bratt, A.

Sammanfattning

Health care professionals (HCPs) are exposed to excessive demands in their work environment. In Sweden, work-related stress is one of the most common reasons for sick leaves. Finding cost-effective and easily accessible interventions for HCPs is crucial to counteract stress-related problems and reduce the number of sick leaves. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of two internet-based stress management courses and their preliminary effectiveness to reduce HCPs' stress of conscience and work-related stress, and act as a pilot for a larger randomized controlled trial (RCT). Thirty-two HCPs registered for the courses and were randomized to either an internet-based compassion course, ICOP (n = 18), or an internet-based cognitive–behavioral course, ICB (n = 14). Participants completed measures pre- (i.e., baseline, n = 32), post-intervention (at five weeks, n = 21), and at follow-up at 10 weeks (n = 17), 15 weeks (n = 13), and six months (n = 12). The study used the following scales: Stress of Conscience Questionnaires, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, Self-Compassion Scale, and Professional Quality of Life Scale. Adherence of HCPs (n = 21) was measured using the number of logins, messages between course leaders and HCPs, and completed modules. Twelve interviews were conducted to explore participants' perceptions of the accessibility of the courses. Participants reported overall satisfaction with both the ICOP and ICB courses, stating that the courses contributed to new knowledge, individual insight, and behavior change. Both courses showed similar patterns of adherence. Quantitative analyses on pre-and post-intervention data (n = 21) showed that stress of conscience and secondary traumatic stress decreased, and self-compassion increased following ICOP. Following ICB, HCPs reported decreased burnout symptoms (according to one of two questionnaires) and increased compassion satisfaction. Both courses seemed feasible, showed promising results, and could be further evaluated in a larger study with a similar design.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.invent.2022.100574

Referens

Johansson, M., Marcusson-Clavertz, D., Gunnarsson, C., Olsson, I., Kaldo, V., & Bratt, A. (2022). Feasibility and preliminary evaluation of internet-based compassion and cognitive–behavioral stress-management courses for health care professionals: A randomized controlled pilot trial. Internet interventions, 100574.

Doctor Workforce Attrition: Doctor Workplace Attrition: An examination of pathways from work demands to organisational commitment

Ireland, M., Engel, M., March, S., Parmar, S., Clough, B., Sharp, A., & Moses, L.

Sammanfattning

Health workforce shortages worldwide are approaching crisis point, further burdening systems already struggling to meet demand. Doctor attrition has been identified as a major contributor to this problem and therefore, the current study examined links between workload demands and stressors, and doctors’ commitment. Based on prior research and key psychological theories, pathways were hypothesised that were initiated by workload demands and stressors, proceeding through work-life conflict and psychological distress, intrinsic motivation factors, through to commitment. A sample of 208 medical doctors completed self-report measures of these constructs. Among workload hassles and demands, quantitative demands, representing the extent that workload exceeds available resources (e.g., time) emerged as the strongest predictor. Meaningfulness of work was the strongest direct predictor of commitment, followed by work-life conflict, job satisfaction and burnout. This study highlights the importance of workplaces providing an environment that nurtures doctors’ intrinsic motivation and manages doctor workloads to ensure work-life balance is maintained.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.24083/apjhm.v17i2.1541

Referens

Ireland, M., Engel, M., March, S., Parmar, S., Clough, B., Sharp, A., & Moses, L. (2022). Doctor Workforce Attrition: Doctor Workplace Attrition: An examination of pathways from work demands to organisational commitment. Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management, 17(2):i1541.

Association of organisational factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders and psychological well-being: a job demand control model study.

Singh, P., Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, S. K., & Agrawal, A. K.

Sammanfattning

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major work-related problem affecting employees’ well-being worldwide. Employee well-being is also associated with high organisational financial and social costs. Most working adults spend a considerable amount of time at their workplace, thus making workplace conditions a critical factor affecting their physical and mental health. This study addresses the role of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. For this purpose, 210 managers working in middle-level management in an Indian telecom organization participated in the study. Data for the study was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. 64% of employees reported WMSDs, and 60% psychological stress. Structural equation modelling was used to study the effect of work-related factors on WMSDs and psychological stress. The study reported neck and lower back pain being the most frequently reported WMSD. Job control had a significant negative effect on WMSDs, and psychological stress, while workload did not affect either. Age was significantly associated with pain in the upper back and knees. The results suggested that increasing job control will result in employees’ better physical and psychological well-being.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indien

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.1080/1463922X.2022.2121441

Referens

Singh, P., Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, S. K., & Agrawal, A. K. (2022). Association of organisational factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders and psychological well-being: a job demand control model study. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 1-14..

Police officers’ work–life balance, job satisfaction and quality of life: longitudinal effects after changing the shift schedule

Rohwer, E., Garrido, M. V., Herold, R., Preisser, A. M., Terschüren, C., Harth, V., & Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives To evaluate mental health-related outcomes of police officers 5.5 years after implementing a new alternating shift schedule which was supposed to improve their health and work–life balance. Design Pre–post study design with a baseline survey at the beginning of the piloting of the new shift schedule in 2015 and another survey 5.5 years later in 2020. Setting Police departments of a German metropolitan police force piloting the new shift schedule. Participants 116 shift-working police officers out of a population of 1673 police officers at the follow-up date. Interventions New shift schedule based on occupational health recommendations. Outcomes measures Work–life balance, job satisfaction and quality of life. Methods Mixed analyses of variances were used to test the hypotheses of within-subject and between-subject differences regarding time and gender. Results We found partly significant differences between the baseline and follow-up survey for work–life balance (F(1, 114) = 6.168, p=0.014, ηp² = 0.051), job satisfaction (F(1, 114) = 9.921, p=0.002, ηp² = 0.080) and quality of life (F(1, 114) = 0.593, p=0.443, ηp² = 0.005). Neither significant differences between male and female police officers nor interaction effects of time and gender were found. Conclusion An increase was found for each of the three outcomes 5.5 years after implementing the new shift schedule. The results contribute to the current state of research on mental health-related outcomes of working conditions in shift work. On this basis, recommendations for designing shift schedules can be deduced to promote mental health and job satisfaction for employees in shift work.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Poliser

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063302

Referens

Rohwer, E., Garrido, M. V., Herold, R., Preisser, A. M., Terschüren, C., Harth, V., & Mache, S. (2022). Police officers’ work–life balance, job satisfaction and quality of life: longitudinal effects after changing the shift schedule. BMJ open, 12(9), e063302.

mproved perception of work following a stress management intervention.

Manford, W., Petersen, G. L., & Willert, M. V.

Sammanfattning

Background In the work and stress literature, surprisingly few studies of stress management interventions have evaluated effects on the perceived psychosocial work environment. Using data from a randomized controlled trial we investigated whether the per¬ceived psychosocial work environment and overcommitment to work improved following a group-based, cognitive-behavioural stress management intervention. Aims We hypothesized that the participants would experience less job demand, overcommitment and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) as well as higher job control following the intervention. Methods Using a wait-list controlled design, 102 participants were randomized to either an intervention group or a wait-list control group. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and follow-up after three, six and nine months, and analysed using mixed model univariate repeated measures analyses of variance. Results are presented as effect sizes using Cohen’s d with con¬fidence intervals (95% CI). Results Changes from 0 to 3 months for the intervention group were significantly superior to changes for the wait-list control group on all outcomes. The controlled effect size for job demands was d = 0.42 (0.01–0.84 95% CI), for job control d = 0.39 (0.06–0.71 95% CI), for effort-reward imbalance d = 0.61 (0.22–1.01 95% CI) and for overcommitment d = 0.44 (0.06–0.81 95% CI). Improvements were maintained at three months follow-up after the end of treatment. Conclusions The intervention improved the perceived psychosocial work environment and attitude to work with small-medium effect sizes. To our knowledge, this is the first paper from a randomized controlled trial of a stress-management intervention re¬porting on these important outcomes.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqac091

Referens

Manford, W., Petersen, G. L., & Willert, M. V. (2022). mproved perception of work following a stress management intervention.

A comprehensive diagnostic service to clarify intervention needs when work participation is at risk: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (GIBI, DRKS00027577)

Fauser, D., Dötsch, S., Langer, C., Kleineke, V., Kindel, C., & Bethge, M.

Sammanfattning

Background. Effective care services for people whose work participation is at risk require low-threshold access, a comprehensive diagnostic clarification of intervention needs, a connection to the workplace and job demands, and interdisciplinary collaboration between key stakeholders at the interface of rehabilitation and occupational medicine. We have developed a comprehensive diagnostic service to clarify intervention needs for employees with health restrictions and limited work ability: this service is initiated by occupational health physicians. Methods/design. Our randomized controlled trial tests the effectiveness of a comprehensive diagnostic service for clarifying intervention needs (GIBI: Comprehensive clarification of the need for intervention for people whose work participation is at risk). The comprehensive intervention comprises three elements: initial consultation, two-day diagnostics at a rehabilitation center and follow-up consultations. We will include 210 employees with health restrictions and limited work ability, who are identified by occupational health physicians. All individuals will receive an initial consultation with their occupational health physician to discuss their health, work ability and job demands. After this, half the individuals are randomly assigned to the intervention group and the other half to the waiting-list control group. Individuals in the intervention group start two-day diagnostics, carried out by a multi-professional rehabilitation team in a rehabilitation center, shortly after the initial consultation. The diagnostics will allow first recommendations for improving work participation. The implementation of these recommendations is supported by an occupational health physician in four follow-up consultations. The control group will receive the comprehensive two-day diagnostic service and subsequent follow-up consultations six months after the initial consultation. The primary outcome of the randomized controlled trial is self-rated work ability assessed using the Work Ability Score (0 to 10 points) six months after study inclusion. Secondary outcomes include a range of patient-reported outcomes regarding physical and mental health, impairment, and the physical and mental demands of jobs. Discussion. This randomized controlled trial is designed to test the effects of a new complex intervention involving a comprehensive clarification of intervention needs in order to promote work participation and prevent the worsening of health and work disability. Trial registration. German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00027577, February 01, 2022).

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12913-022-08513-1

Referens

Fauser, D., Dötsch, S., Langer, C., Kleineke, V., Kindel, C., & Bethge, M. (2022). A comprehensive diagnostic service to clarify intervention needs when work participation is at risk: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial (GIBI, DRKS00027577). BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1-13.

Job demands and resources related to burn-out symptoms and work engagement in supervisors working with people with severe disabilities in social firms: a cross-sectional study

Kordsmeyer, A. C., Efimov, I., Harth, V., & Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives To analyse working conditions, work and health-related outcomes of supervisors working with people with severe disabilities in social firms. Design Cross-sectional survey.Setting Social firms who employ between 30% and 50% of people with different types of disabilities on the general labour market. Participants Supervisors of social firms in Germany. Primary outcome measures Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to analyse relations between job demands (quantitative and emotional demands), job resources (meaning of work, perceived organisational support and influence at work), personal resources (resilience) and burn-out symptoms as well as work engagement. Validated scales, for example, from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were applied. Results 124 supervisors of social firms in Germany (59.7% were male and 39.5% female) participated within a cross-sectional quantitative online survey. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis indicated an association of quantitative job demands (β=0.236, p<0.05) and perceived organisational support (β=−0.217, p<0.05) and burn-out symptoms of supervisors in social firms. Meaning of work (β=0.326, p<0.001) and perceived organizational support (β=0.245, p<0.05) were significantly associated with work engagement. Conclusions Our study specified main job demands and resources for supervisors in German social firms and their impact on both burn-out symptoms and work engagement. When designing measures for workplace health promotion in social firms, especially supervisors’ quantitative job demands need to be reduced and perceived organizational support strengthened.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063118

Referens

Kordsmeyer, A. C., Efimov, I., Harth, V., & Mache, S. (2022). Job demands and resources related to burn-out symptoms and work engagement in supervisors working with people with severe disabilities in social firms: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 12(9), e063118.

Workplace Social Capital as Buffer for Emotional Demands and Perceived Stress in Symphony Orchestras: A Danish Cross-Sectional Survey

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Kristensen, T. T., Paarup, H. M., Baelum, J., & Roessler, K. K.

Sammanfattning

INTRODUCTION: High workplace social capital (WSC) is associated with improved occupational health in the common occupational areas. However, little is known on WSC and its effect on the emotional demands and stress seen in the work of classical symphonic musicians. AIM: To investigate whether WSC moderates the associations between emotional demands and stress in the professional musicians working in Danish symphony orchestras. METHODS: This cross-sectional study builds on existing data collected on a sample of 341 Danish classical symphonic musicians. An interaction model based on multiple regression with bias corrected boot-strapping was used to assess the moderating effect of low, medium and high levels of WSC on the association between emotional demands and perceived stress. RESULTS: WSC had a significant moderating effect on the association between emotional demands and perceived stress: b = –0.01, t(212) = –2.40, p = 0.018. At low levels of WSC the effect of emotional demands on stress was strongest, declining at higher levels of WSC in a dose response pattern: low-WSC, b = 0.23, t(212) 3.20, p = 0.002, medium-WSC, b = 0.11, t(212) = 2.40, p = 0.017, and high-WSC, b = 0.04, t(212) = 0.75, p = 0.455. CONCLUSION: The study indicates a buffering effect of WSC on the association between emotional demands and stress in the work of orchestra musicians. Thus, enhancement of WSC could be a potential stress-preventing strategy in symphony orchestras and should be investigated in future studies on musicians’ mental health.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Musiker

DOI

10.21091/mppa.2022.3026

Referens

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Kristensen, T. T., Paarup, H. M., Baelum, J., & Roessler, K. K. (2022). Workplace Social Capital as Buffer for Emotional Demands and Perceived Stress in Symphony Orchestras: A Danish Cross-Sectional Survey. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 37(3), 192-199.

Predict, prevent and manage moral injuries in Canadian frontline healthcare workers and leaders facing the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol of a mixed methods study.

Gilbert-Ouimet, M., Zahiriharsini, A., Biron, C., Langlois, L., Ménard, C., Lebel, M., ... & Truchon, M.

Sammanfattning

Moral injuries can occur when perpetrating, failing to prevent, or bearing witness to acts that transgress deeply held moral beliefs and expectations. The COVID-19 crisis highlighted the fact that psychosocial stressors at work, such as high emotional demands, are placing Canadian healthcare workers at risk of moral injuries. Evidence linking psychosocial stressors at work to moral injuries are needed to better predict, prevent and manage moral injuries, as these stressors are frequent and modifiable occupational risk factors. This protocol presents a study aiming to: 1) understand workplace events having the potential to either cause or reduce moral injuries, 2) predict the risk and severity of moral injuries using a disease prevention model, 3) identify biological signatures (biomarkers) associated with psychosocial stressors at work and moral injuries and 4) elaborate preliminary guidelines of organizational practices for frontline healthcare workers to reduce and manage moral injuries. This study is a mixed methods research with three components: qualitative, quantitative and biological. The data collection has been completed and because of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was adjusted to allow for gathering qualitative and quantitative data remotely. Frontline healthcare workers and leaders were included. Through focus groups and individual interviews, and an online questionnaire, events and psychosocial working conditions that may increase the risk of moral injuries will be documented. In addition, blood samples which were collected from a sub-sample of volunteer participants will measure an innovative set of biomarkers associated with vulnerability to stress and mental health. Data analyses are ongoing. We anticipate to identify workplace events that may trigger moral injuries. We expect that potential predictors of moral injury risk occurrence and severity will be identified from psychosocial stressors at work that can be improved by implementing organizational practices. We also expect to observe a different mental health state and biological inflammation signature across workers exposed compared to workers not exposed to psychosocial stressors at work. Based on these future findings, we intend to develop preliminary recommendations of organizational practices for managers. This research will contribute to expand our knowledge of the events in the workplace likely to generate or lessen the impact moral injuries, to build a model for predicting the risk of moral injuries at work, all in the specific context of the COVID-19 health crisis among healthcare workers.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100124

Referens

Gilbert-Ouimet, M., Zahiriharsini, A., Biron, C., Langlois, L., Ménard, C., Lebel, M., ... & Truchon, M. (2022). Predict, prevent and manage moral injuries in Canadian frontline healthcare workers and leaders facing the COVID-19 pandemic: Protocol of a mixed methods study. SSM-Mental Health, 100124.

Impact of hypothetical improvements in the psychosocial work environment on sickness absence rates: a simulation study

Mathisen, J., Nguyen, T. L., Jensen, J. H., Mehta, A. J., Rugulies, R., & Rod, N. H.

Sammanfattning

Background. The association between psychosocial working environments and sickness absence is well-known. However, the potential for reducing sickness absences of different lengths through improvements in psychosocial work factors is not fully understood. We aim to quantify the potential for reducing short-, intermediate- and long-term sickness absence rates, respectively, through hypothetical improvements in several psychosocial work factors. Methods. This longitudinal study includes 24 990 public hospital employees from the 2014 wave of the Well-being in Hospital Employees study. The 1-year sickness absence rate was divided into short- (1–3 days), intermediate- (4–28 days) and long-term (29 days or more) periods. We simulated hypothetical scenarios with improvements in 17 psychosocial work factors using the parametric g-formula and estimated resulting changes in sickness absence rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results. Setting all 17 psychosocial work factors to their most desirable levels (vs. least desirable levels) was associated with an overall 54% lower rate of sickness absence (95% CI: 48–60%). Reducing bullying (no vs. yes RR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83–0.90) and perceived stress (low vs. high RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87–0.92), and increasing skill discretion (high vs. low RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.89–0.94) held the largest potential for reducing the total sickness absence rate. Overall, associations were similar for short-, intermediate- and long-term sickness absence. Conclusions. The psychosocial working environment was strongly associated with sickness absence. Improving the working environment may have a great impact on short-, intermediate- and long-term sickness absence rates.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckac109

Referens

Mathisen, J., Nguyen, T. L., Jensen, J. H., Mehta, A. J., Rugulies, R., & Rod, N. H. (2022). Impact of hypothetical improvements in the psychosocial work environment on sickness absence rates: a simulation study. European journal of public health, 32(5), 716-722.

Barriers to seeking help for an emotional or mental health condition among Australian emergency services workers

Rikkers, W. & Lawrence, D.

Sammanfattning

Not all emergency services workers with a developing mental health condition seek help. Barriers to help-seeking in this population include stigma, being seen as weak, career and confidentiality concerns, and not being able to take time off from work. Barriers are widespread across the sector and appropriate interventions need to be tailored to this population. The literature refers to research mostly undertaken in single sectors or organisations, which this study sought to address by examining data from “Answering the Call”, a national study of the mental health and wellbeing of a large cohort of emergency services personnel. We aimed to see if help-seeking barriers could be grouped in some way and, if so, which demographic and psychological factors were associated with those groups. Latent class analysis found people could be grouped according to the number of barriers reported (i.e., lots, some, or a few) but not by the types of barriers reported. Factors associated with reporting lots of barriers included being in the police sector, being male, having severe levels of probable PTSD or psychological distress, low levels of receiving support, and high levels of workplace stress. The most commonly reported barrier was preferring to handle problems on one’s own or with family/friends. This implies that the large, complex array of factors affecting people’s help-seeking leads to a sense of feeling overwhelmed and preferring to deal with problems on their own. Increased training in mental health literacy for managers, while alleviating career concerns and perceptions of stigma among all personnel, is recommended.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Räddningstjänstpersonal

Referens

Rikkers, W. & Lawrence, D. (2022). Barriers to seeking help for an emotional or mental health condition among Australian emergency services workers. Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 26(1), 23-40.

Burnout and work-privacy conflict – are there differences between full-time and part-time physicians?

Bodendieck, E., Jung, F., Luppa, M.

Sammanfattning

Background. Changes in everyday work with regard to working time models have reached the medical profession. The number of physicians working part-time is steadily increasing. At the same time, however, the population's need for care is also rising. This can reinforce the impending shortage of doctors in the future. The aim was to investigate differences in work-privacy conflict and burnout among physicians working full-time or part-time. Method. The present study includes data from a baseline survey of the long-term study of physicians with different medical backgrounds. The analysis focused on a sub-sample of 598 physicians (not self-employed). The two main outcomes under investigation—burnout and work-privacy conflict—were measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory adapted for health care professionals, as well as the associated subscale of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Data analyses included descriptive statistics followed by regression models. Results. Descriptive analyses show, that 31.8% of physicians are working part-time, whereas 68.2% are working full-time. The part-time subsample is significantly older, and female physicians are more likely to work part-time. With regard to workload and work-privacy conflict, significant differences between part-time and full-time physicians were only observed in terms of work-privacy-conflict. However, regression analysis underline the importance of possible confounding variables (such as medical setting) within the relationship between job size and job-related well-being. Discussion. Differences in working hour arrangements (full-time or part-time work) are only accompanied by less work-privacy conflict. No differences with regard to burnout (patient-related, work-related or personal) could be obtained. Rather, the data suggests that other job-related variables may play a role and should be further investigated

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1186/s12913-022-08471-8

Referens

Bodendieck, E., Jung, F., Luppa, M. (2022). Burnout and work-privacy conflict – are there differences between full-time and part-time physicians?. BMC Health Services Research, 22, 1082.

Level of social competencies of nurses in primary health care and their selected work-related determinants—A cross-sectional study

Chrzan-Rodak, A., Ślusarska, B., Niedorys-Karczmarczyk, B., & Nowicki, G. J.

Sammanfattning

Aim:The aim of our study was to assess the level of social competencies amongprimary health care nurses, and to identify the work-related determinants.Background:Developing social skills of nurses are necessary to establish betterrelations with patients. Improving these skills allows for higher quality of patient care,as well as patient and nurse satisfaction.Methods:For the study, 253 primary health care centres were randomly chosen inthe Eastern Poland; 600 questionnaires were sent to the nurses employed in thesefacilities. After checking whether the data met the requirements, 446 nurses tookpart in the survey. The data were collected using the Social Competencies Profile,the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and the catalogue of primary healthcare nurse activities.Results:Older nurses possess lower level of social skills (r=0.10,p=0.04).Postgraduate education in the last 2 years differentiated the results of social com-petencies (p=0.03) as well as place of residence in the subscale communityawareness (p=0.04). The predictors of social skills among psychosocial work con-ditions were as follows: Influence at Work (p=0.02), Possibilities for Development(p< 0.001), Meaning of Work (p< 0.001), Social Support (p=0.001), Quality ofLeadership (p=0.03), Job Satisfaction (p< 0.001), and General Health (p=0.001).On the other hand, tasks like Activities in the treatment room (p=0.003) and Pro-motion and prevention (p< 0.001) carried out by a nurse anticipated higher levelof social skills.Conclusions:The results of the research proved that work-related factors such asinfluence at work, professional development, sense of social support, understandingof the meaning of work, perception of the quality of leadership, and higher job satis-faction influence the development of social competencies of nurses; therefore, shap-ing an appropriate work environment is an important task, especially for leaders andmanagers of nursing.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Polen

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jonm.13762

Referens

Chrzan-Rodak, A., Ślusarska, B., Niedorys-Karczmarczyk, B., & Nowicki, G. J. (2022). Level of social competencies of nurses in primary health care and their selected work-related determinants—A cross-sectional study. Journal of Nursing Management, 1– 13.

Delegation and consultation onoperational and tactical issues: any difference in theirpotentialities for a healthier psychosocial work environment?

Llorens‐Serrano C., Salas‐Nicás S.,Navarro‐Giné A., Lluís SM.

Sammanfattning

Background:Despite the growing number of studies on direct participation labor‐management practices, little is known about the role of their different discretionarydegrees (delegation or consultation) and topics in their relationship with thepsychosocial work environment by occupational groups.Methods:Cross‐sectional study on the relationship between direct participation andwork‐related psychosocial risks (using COPSOQ‐ISTAS21 v3) on a representative sampleof the salaried and wage‐earning employees in Spain (n= 1807). Prevalence ratios werecalculated using adjusted Poisson regression models, controlling for 10 other labor‐management practices, sex, and age, and stratified by occupational group.Results:The use of direct participation was either associated consistently with ahealthier psychosocial work environment (mostly in manual occupations, whichpresented twice as many positive associations as nonmanual occupations, and ofgreater strength, mostly in thecontrolandsocial supportdimensions) or there wereno significant associations (mostly among nonmanual occupations and in relation towork pace). More frequent and stronger associations were observed whenconsultation and delegation were used in combination. If used separately,consultation achieved better results among manual occupations and delegationamong nonmanual occupations. Direct participation topics were not importantfor results in manual occupations whereas results were better on tactical(vs. operational) issues in nonmanual occupations.Conclusions:Direct participation does not change power structure, but it may be auseful intervention at the company level to reduce work‐related psychosocialexposures and associated diseases among workers in manual occupations, andconsequently for decreasing occupational exposures and health inequalities

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.23414

Referens

Llorens‐Serrano C., Salas‐Nicás S.,Navarro‐Giné A., Lluís SM. (2022). Delegation and consultation onoperational and tactical issues: any difference in theirpotentialities for a healthier psychosocial work environment?. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 2022;65:800‐812.

Assessing the psychosocial work environment of migrant and non-migrant workers in inpatient mental health centres: A feasibility study.

Handtke, O., Günther, L. V., & Mösko, M. Plos one, 17(9), e0275003.

Sammanfattning

The number of migrant workers in Germany has increased over the last decades and will probably further increase in the context of a growing cultural diversity of the population and shortage of skilled professionals. Since migrant workers face different challenges, they may experience poorer psychosocial work environments than non-migrants. A negative psychosocial work environment can increase burnout and depression symptoms. To this date no study has investigated differences in the perceived psychosocial work environment in the mental health field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a cross sectional study comparing the perceived psychosocial work environment of migrants and non-migrant workers in inpatient mental health centres in Germany. The study was conducted in four inpatient mental health centres in Germany using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. All staff members (N = 659) categorized in seven professional groups were invited to participate in the study. The feasibility of the study was determined by four criteria (1) Implementation of the study in inpatient mental health centres (2) Representativity of the sample (3) Reliability and usability of the questionnaire and (4) Variability of collected data. Three of four feasibility criteria were achieved. The study was successfully implemented in four mental health centres, the usability of the used questionnaire was confirmed as well as the variability of the data. The targeted response rate was partially met, and the total number of migrant workers could not be provided, which limits the representativity of the sample. In conclusion, a main study is feasible, but an effort must be put in an effective recruitment strategy to obtain valid results.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0275003

Referens

Handtke, O., Günther, L. V., & Mösko, M. Plos one, 17(9), e0275003. (2022). Assessing the psychosocial work environment of migrant and non-migrant workers in inpatient mental health centres: A feasibility study. Plos One, 17(9), e0275003..

Illegitimate tasks: obstacles to trans equality at work

Johnson, C. P. G., & Otto, K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose.This study aims to explore the relationship between the reported frequency of illegitimate tasks undertaken at work (FREQIT) and gender identity among cisgender individuals and persons with a (?) transgender or gender non-conforming (TGNC) identity. Design/methodology/approach. This research combines an experimental approach with a field-study. Study 1 contained a vignette experiment where participants reported their likelihood to assign illegitimate tasks (IT) to either a cisgender or a TGNC employee. Study 2 measured perceptions of tasks-illegitimacy (PERTI), FREQIT, perceptions of organisational gender climate (PGC), burnout and intention to quit among a sample of cisgender and TGNC participants. Findings. In Study 1, individuals in a supervisory position were more likely to assign IT to TGNC than cisgender employees. In Study 2, gender identity influenced burnout, intentions to quit and PGC, serially mediated by PERTI and FREQIT. The results from Study 2 did not support the initial model, which proposed that lower PERTI would lead TGNC employees to report a higher FREQIT, leading to lower occupational well-being scores. Instead, TGNC participants’ burnout, intention to quit and PGC scores improved as a consequence of their lower PERTI. However, when comparing cisgender and TGNC individuals, the latter presented higher levels of burnout, intentions to quit and lower PGC scores. Originality/value This is the first study measuring the effects of IT on TGNC individuals’ occupational well-being. It underscores the importance to reduce cisgender biases and transphobia and to address IT as obstacles to trans equality in the workplace.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/GM-04-2020-0118

Referens

Johnson, C. P. G., & Otto, K. (2022). Illegitimate tasks: obstacles to trans equality at work. Gender in Management, Vol. 37 No. 6, pp. 763-781.

Workplace Sexual Harassment Increases the Risk of PTSD Symptoms with Higher Frequency and Harassment Coming from a Colleague or Leader as Risk Factors

Hansen, N. B., Vang, M. L., Lichtenstein, M. B., & Pihl-Thingvad, J.

Sammanfattning

This study examined the effect of workplace sexual harassment on posttraumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms while also examining the effect of harassment frequency, harassment source, and workplace social capital. The sample consisted of 3153 Danish social educators (females 79.3%) responding to the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II item on sexual harassment (COPSOQ). The prevalence of sexual harassment was 22% exposed within the recent year. We found a significant positive relationship between exposure to workplace sexual harassment and PTSD symptoms. Harassment frequency was associated with significantly higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Harassment from a colleague/leader compared to a client was associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms although the difference was not statistically significant. Workplace social capital had an inverted association with PTSD symptoms, but there was no moderation effect on the relationship between sexual harassment and PTSD. These findings suggest that higher harassment frequency and harassment from a colleague/leader is associated with an increased severity of PTSD symptoms following exposure to workplace sexual harassment. Workplace social capital seems to alleviate level of PTSD symptoms, but did not moderate the association between exposure to workplace sexual harassment and PTSD symptoms. Possibly, feelings of shame and guilt may discourage some employees from disclosing their experiences with colleagues or leaders and thereby seek available support at the workplace. Future studies need to uncover the barriers that prevent victims of sexual harassment from seeking and benefitting from social support available at the workplace.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Socialsekreterare

DOI

10.16993/sjwop.174

Referens

Hansen, N. B., Vang, M. L., Lichtenstein, M. B., & Pihl-Thingvad, J. (2022). Workplace Sexual Harassment Increases the Risk of PTSD Symptoms with Higher Frequency and Harassment Coming from a Colleague or Leader as Risk Factors. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 7(1): 12, 1–12.

Do chronic diseases moderate the association between psychosocial working conditions and work exit? Longitudinal results from 55 950 Dutch workers

van Zon, S. K., Ots, P., Robroek, S. J., Burdorf, A., Hengel, K. M. O., & Brouwer, S.

Sammanfattning

Background This study aims to examine whether the presence of chronic diseases or multimorbidity moderates the associations between psychosocial working conditions and work exit through unemployment, work disability or early retirement. Methods Data from Lifelines (n=55 950), a prospective population-based cohort study, were enriched with monthly information on employment status from Statistics Netherlands. Working conditions were measured with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Work exit was defined as unemployment, work disability and early retirement. Participants were classified as having no chronic disease, one chronic disease or multimorbidity. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for age, gender, education and partnership status, were used to analyse associations between working conditions and work exit. Interaction terms were used to examine moderation by chronic disease status. Results Higher social support decreased the risk for unemployment, work disability and early retirement. Higher meaning of work decreased the risk of unemployment, and more possibilities for development decreased the risk for work disability. Chronic disease status did generally not moderate associations between working conditions and work exit. Only among workers without a chronic disease, more possibilities for development was associated with a lower risk for unemployment (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.94). Conclusion While efforts to retain workers with chronic diseases in the labour market should continue, favourable psychosocial working conditions are important for all workers

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/jech-2021-218432

Referens

van Zon, S. K., Ots, P., Robroek, S. J., Burdorf, A., Hengel, K. M. O., & Brouwer, S. (2022). Do chronic diseases moderate the association between psychosocial working conditions and work exit? Longitudinal results from 55 950 Dutch workers. Journal of Epidemilogy & Community Health.

Selecting flight mode–Risk factors associated with presenteeism among commercial pilots and the role of depressive symptoms

Folke, F., & Melin, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The objective of this cross-sectional survey study was to examine psychosocial work factors, work conditions, and individual factors associated in the literature with presenteeism among Swedish Commercial Airline Pilots. Furthermore, depressive symptoms were hypothesized as a mediator between psychosocial work climate and presenteeism. Background: Sickness presenteeism is common among several occupational groups, pilots included. Inappropriate presenteeism, attending work despite feeling inappropriate for reasons other than physical ones, is also prevalent among pilots, even though they are obligated not to work in mentally or physically unfit states. Research has focused on finding risk and protective factors for the act of attending work while ill, as this is associated with both health and safety hazards to employees and organizations. Nonetheless, research on antecedents to pilot sickness and inappropriate presenteeism is scarce. Method: Data from an online self-report questionnaire targeting Swedish Commercial Airline pilots (N = 1128) was analyzed. The questionnaire covered demographics, work conditions (e.g., employment type), perceived psychosocial work climate (e.g., job demands), and depressive symptoms. Results: All psychosocial work factors were associated with both sickness and inappropriate presenteeism. Depressive symptoms acted as a partial mediator between psychosocial work climate and presenteeism. Being directly or atypically employed showed no significant relationship with inappropriate or sickness presenteeism. Conclusion: Perceived psychosocial work factors could transcend the significance of objective working conditions in explaining presenteeism among pilots. This highlights the importance of examining experienced psychosocial work climate regularly to mitigate the risk of presenteeism and, thus, organizational exposure to accidents and errors.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Piloter

DOI

10.1016/j.jairtraman.2022.102254

Referens

Folke, F., & Melin, M. (2022). Selecting flight mode–Risk factors associated with presenteeism among commercial pilots and the role of depressive symptoms. Journal of Air Transport Management, 103, 102254..

Teacher retention through the Job Demands-Resources Theory

Mérida-López, S., Sánchez-Álvarez, N., & Extremera, N.

Sammanfattning

According to the Job Demands-Resources theory, there are diverse psychosocial factors at work (job demands and job resources) that impact on levels of teachers’ work engagement and their work attitudes. Moreover, emotional intelligence is considered as a relevant personal resource with positive effects on teachers’ occupational health. However, to date no integrative studies have been conducted to test simultaneous relationships among these contextual and personal factors and their associations with work engagement and work attitudes among teachers. Therefore, the main goal of this work was to analyze the relationships among antecedents (job demands and job resources) and consequents (work attitudes) of teachers’ work engagement, as well as to test the potential moderating effect of emotional intelligence. The research design is cross-sectional and a structural equation modelling analysis was conducted with a sample of 734 teaching professionals (63.8% women; Mage = 44.38; SD = 9.11) from different teaching levels. Well-validated scales were used to measure the main study variables: aggression against teachers, organisational social support, emotional intelligence, engagement, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. The results have shown direct and interactive associations among emotional intelligence and antecedents and consequences of engagement. These findings point to the development of integrative theoretical models considering the role of teachers’ emotional resources along with other personal and contextual factors. Finally, this research may contribute to the design of programs for developing emotional competencies targeting the improvement of teacher well-being and performance.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.5944/educxx1.31901

Referens

Mérida-López, S., Sánchez-Álvarez, N., & Extremera, N. (2022). Teacher retention through the Job Demands-Resources Theory. Educación XX1, 25(2), 151-171.

I've Got Enough on My Plate! The Mediating Role of Job Demands in the Relationship between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Job Satisfaction

Rizkina, N. S., & Mahudin, N. M.

Sammanfattning

The promotion of well-being and increased work productivity requires good ergonomics where job demands are aligned with the abilities, characteristics, and needs of the workers. However, a different context of work setting may result in a different role of job demands. Furthermore, the current literature has yet to clarify the potential mediating influence of job demands on psychosocial safety climate and job satisfaction. Results obtained from 387 employees in financial institutions in Aceh, Indonesia, confirmed this relationship, validating the indirect effect of psychosocial safety climate on job satisfaction through job demands. Specifically, the results showed that both psychosocial safety climate (B = .422, p < .001) and job demands (B = -.578, p < .001) significantly predicted job satisfaction, with this relationship mediated by job demands (indirect effect B = .108, Boot SE = .05, CI [.025, .197]. These findings highlight the importance of examining job demands and psychosocial safety climate in relation to job satisfaction within collectivistic cultures. The theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the study are discussed, along with future research opportunities.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indonesien

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

Referens

Rizkina, N. S., & Mahudin, N. M. (2022). I've Got Enough on My Plate! The Mediating Role of Job Demands in the Relationship between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Job Satisfaction. Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal, 7 (1): 19 – 37.

Understanding user behavior in activity-based offices

Haapakangas, A., Sirola, P., & Ruohomäki, V.

Sammanfattning

Little is known about the factors that explain the differences in the ways that individuals use activity-based offices (ABOs). The aim of this study was to investigate whether person-related and situational factors are associated with self-reported use of workspaces and the perceived person-environment (P-E) fit in ABOs, independently of job profile. Survey data were gathered in one organization (N = 332) 7–11 months after an office re-design. Younger age, male gender, managerial position, and better work ability were associated with more frequent use of different workspaces. Workspace switching was perceived as more time-consuming by employees who worked at the office less, had a high workload, and were dissatisfied with ergonomics. All variables except gender were associated with the P-E fit. Person-related and situational factors appear relevant to workspace use and P-E fit, independently of job contents. Contextual, cultural and office design differences should be considered when generalizing these results.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Finland

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1080/00140139.2022.2092654

Referens

Haapakangas, A., Sirola, P., & Ruohomäki, V. (2022). Understanding user behavior in activity-based offices. Ergonomics.

Higher allostatic load in work-related burnout: The Regensburg Burnout Project

Bärtl, C., Henze, G. I., Giglberger, M., Peter, H. L., Konzok, J., Wallner, S., Kreuzpointner, L., Wüst, S. & Kudielka, B. M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Burnout and chronic work stress have been linked to various negative health outcomes. While the mechanisms underlying this interplay are still unclear, the allostatic load (AL) model was suggested to demonstrate a possible biological pathway. However, previous studies provided divergent results regarding the association between burnout and AL, probably also due to the heterogeneity of selected samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine differences in AL between a conceptually strictly specified group of individuals suffering from burnout (BO group) and a healthy comparison group (HC group). Methods: After a multi-stage recruitment procedure with strict inclusion criteria based on burnout symptom- atology and pathogenesis, the BO group (n = 56) was compared to the HC group (n = 65) regarding an index of AL. The AL-index included 14 parameters: high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), fibrinogen, d-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), glycosy- lated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (TC/HDL), dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage. Results: The BO group showed significantly higher AL-scores in comparison to the HC group. This effect remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking status. Additionally, burnout symptoms (assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory; MBI), MBI-subscales emotional exhaustion and depersonalization as well as chronic work stress (assessed with the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire) were significantly associated with higher AL-scores. Conclusions: Consistent with our hypothesis, we detected higher AL-scores in the BO compared to the HC group, indicating a greater cumulative physiological burden in individuals suffering from burnout. Given the high heterogeneity in individuals experiencing burnout symptoms, future studies may focus on well-specified sub- groups, when examining the association between burnout and psychophysiological dysregulations.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105853

Referens

Bärtl, C., Henze, G. I., Giglberger, M., Peter, H. L., Konzok, J., Wallner, S., Kreuzpointner, L., Wüst, S. & Kudielka, B. M. (2022). Higher allostatic load in work-related burnout: The Regensburg Burnout Project. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 105853.

Cleaning in Times of Pandemic: Perceptions of COVID-19 Risks among Workers in Facility Services

Dias, I., Lopes, A., Azevedo, J., Maia, A. S., & Baptista, J. S.

Sammanfattning

Cleaning services are a transversal activity that guarantees the proper functioning and conditions of safety, hygiene, and health across all economic sectors. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the need for clean, sanitary spaces, particularly in health services and other areas with a large number of people. The workers in these services were often placed on the frontline without any specific training or information. Their low average schooling aggravated this situation. Therefore, exploring these workers’ perceptions about the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential influence on their mental health was the primary goal of our research. Structured interviews were conducted based on questionnaires in a sample of 436 women. Their characterisation focused on three aspects related to the pandemic. First, to prevent infecting others (85.5%) and that people close to them could die (86.0%) were the dominant concerns; second, the feeling of permanent vigilance was mentioned (56.2%); and third, the fear of not getting medical care (60.7%). Thus, the workers felt there was a need for more dissemination of individual protection measures, as well as more training, better general working conditions, and access to psychological counselling

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Lokalvårdare

DOI

10.3390/socsci11070276

Referens

Dias, I., Lopes, A., Azevedo, J., Maia, A. S., & Baptista, J. S. (2022). Cleaning in Times of Pandemic: Perceptions of COVID-19 Risks among Workers in Facility Services. Social Sciences, 11(7), 276.

EmotionalexhaustionandfearofCOVID‐19ingeriatricfacilitiesduringtheCOVID‐19pandemic

Altintas, E., El Haj, M., Boudoukha, A. H., Olivier, C., Lizio, A., Luyat, M., & Gallouj, K.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers, especially those employed in hospital settings, have been exposed to a variety of stressors in the workplace. The aim of this study was to explore the Emotional Exhaustion (EE) of workers in geriatric facilities during the COVID-19 crisis. We accordingly sought to investigate the short-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the EE experienced by workers in geriatric facilities, and to examine the manner in which psychosocial conditions and fear of COVID-19 in the workplace have affected EE. Methods: Surveys were administered in the midst of the COVID-19 crisis (October to December 2020). The study included 118 French healthcare workers with a mean age of 35.61 ± 0.73 recruited in geriatric facilities. We assessed EE, psychosocial conditions (e.g., demands at work, health and well-being, etc.) and fear of COVID-19 in the workplace. Results: The analysis yielded two main outcomes. First, 34.75% workers (41) reported severe levels of EE. Second, demands at work and the fear of COVD-19 increased EE. Health and well-being were, however, demonstrated to protect against EE. Discussion: Furthermore, fear of COVID-19 was shown to contribute significantly to EE healthcare workers in geriatric facilities. It is likely that Covid-19 indirectly contributes to EE by influencing demands at work.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1002/gps.5781

Referens

Altintas, E., El Haj, M., Boudoukha, A. H., Olivier, C., Lizio, A., Luyat, M., & Gallouj, K. (2022). EmotionalexhaustionandfearofCOVID‐19ingeriatricfacilitiesduringtheCOVID‐19pandemic. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 37(8), 10.1002/gps.5781.

Effect of Organizational Factors on Psychological Stress and Job Satisfaction

Singh, P., Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, S. K., & Mishra, V.

Sammanfattning

Occupational stress is one of the most critical factors related to the employees’ well-being in any organization. Employees working in managerial positions are more prone to work-related stress because of the nature of the job and the responsibilities associated with the position. There is a lack of research on the effect of organizational factors on the psychological well-being of those working at managerial positions in the Indian context. This research aims to study the impact of workload, job control and support on psychological stress and job satisfaction. Structural equation modelling is used for the analysis. The study results reported no effect of workload on psychological stress and job satisfaction in the employees. The results also suggest that providing more control over the work can result in the better psychological well-being of employees and increase employees’ job satisfaction.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indien

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

0.1177/09722629221106265

Referens

Singh, P., Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, S. K., & Mishra, V. (2022). Effect of Organizational Factors on Psychological Stress and Job Satisfaction. Vision.

Validation of the medium and short version of CENSOPAS-COPSOQ: a psychometric study in the Peruvian population

Lucero-Perez, M. R., Sabastizagal, I., Astete-Cornejo, J., Burgos, M. A., Villarreal-Zegarra, D., & Moncada, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: The presence of psychosocial risks at work are associated with mental and physical health issues in workers. The study aim was to adapt the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 (Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health) Medium-Version to the Peruvian context and to develop a Short-Version of the instrument. Method: Cross-sectional design study. The COPSOQ-ISTAS21 Medium Version was used. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the internal structure of each subdimension (first-order) and dimension (secondorder) using the Robust Maximum Likelihood estimation method, and classic fit indices in the literature (CFI, SRMR, RMSEA). Internal consistency was evaluated using the alpha and omega coefficients. A short version was developed based on the items with the highest factorial load and that reduce the factorial complexity. Results: A total of 1707 participants were evaluated. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the goodness-of-fit indices for seventeen of the 20 one-dimensional models (subdimensions) were identified; two subdimensions could not be evaluated because they presented only two items. When conducting a multidimensional analysis, we identified that all second-order models presented optimal goodness-of-fit indices, except “psychological demands at work”. Finally, a short version of only 31 items was designed from the items with optimal fit indices. Conclusions: The new adapted versions of COPSOQ-ISTAS21 were renamed CENSOPAS-COPSOQ (National center of occupational health and environment protection for health -in Spanish- and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). The CENSOPAS-COPSOQ is an instrument with sufficient evidence of validity and reliability in its medium and short version, which is why its use is recommended in Peruvian work centers to identify the evaluation and prevention of psychosocial risks at work in Peru

År

2022

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Peru

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-13328-0

Referens

Lucero-Perez, M. R., Sabastizagal, I., Astete-Cornejo, J., Burgos, M. A., Villarreal-Zegarra, D., & Moncada, S. (2022). Validation of the medium and short version of CENSOPAS-COPSOQ: a psychometric study in the Peruvian population. BMC public health, 22:910.

Musculoskeletal pain trajectories of employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic

Jodi, O., Subas, N., Saila, K. et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid public health response which included mandatory working from home (WFH) for many employees. This study aimed to identify different trajectories of multisite musculoskeletal pain (MSP) amongst employees WFH during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined the influence of work and non-work factors. Methods Data from 488 participants (113 males, 372 females and 3 other) involved in the Employees Working from Home (EWFH) study, collected in October 2020, April and November 2021 were analysed. Age was categorised as 18–35 years (n = 121), 36–55 years (n = 289) and 56 years and over (n = 78). Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify latent classes with different growth trajectories of MSP. Age, gender, working hours, domestic living arrangements, workstation comfort and location, and psychosocial working conditions were considered predictors of MSP. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to identify work and non-work variables associated with group membership. Results Four trajectories of MSP emerged: high stable (36.5%), mid-decrease (29.7%), low stable (22.3%) and rapid increase (11.5%). Decreased workstation comfort (OR 1.98, CI 1.02, 3.85), quantitative demands (OR 1.68, CI 1.09, 2.58), and influence over work (OR 0.78, CI 0.54, 0.98) was associated with being in the high stable trajectory group compared to low stable. Workstation location (OR 3.86, CI 1.19, 12.52) and quantitative work demands (OR 1.44, CI 1.01, 2.47) was associated with the rapid increase group. Conclusions Findings from this study offer insights into considerations for reducing MSP in employees WFH. Key considerations include the need for a dedicated workstation, attention to workstation comfort, quantitative work demands, and ensuring employees have influence over their work.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-022-01885-1

Referens

Jodi, O., Subas, N., Saila, K. et al (2022). Musculoskeletal pain trajectories of employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-11.

Association of cumulative traumatic events among Danish police officers with mental health, work environment and sickness absenteeism: protocol of a 3-year prospective cohort study

Hansen, N. B., Møller, S. R., Elklit, A., Brandt, L., Andersen, L. L., & Pihl-Thingvad, J.

Sammanfattning

Introduction Police officers are frequently exposed to potentially traumatic events at work that increases risk of developing mental health problems, in particular post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individual and organisational factors may influence the detrimental effects of cumulative exposure to traumatic events. Occupational stress and lack of organisational support are associated with increased risk of PTSD among police officers. The Are You All right? (AYA) project is a prospective cohort study investigating the cumulative effect of traumatic events at work on mental health problems and absenteeism among police officers. The study also investigates whether potential risk and protective factors modify the association of traumatic events at work with mental health problems and absenteeism. Method and analysis The AYA-study includes the entire Danish police force. Prospective survey data are collected over a 3-year period beginning in the spring of 2021. Electronic surveys are sent out at baseline with 1-year, 2-year and 3-year follow-up. Further, short surveys are sent out every third month, covering exposure to traumatic events and current mental health status. The survey data are paired with workplace register data on sickness absence. Register data on sickness absence cover the period from 2020 to 2025. Ethics and dissemination This study was presented for evaluation at the National Ethics Committee in Denmark (reference number: 20202000-216), but according to Danish legislation, survey studies do not require approval by official Danish scientific or ethical committees. Participation in the project is based on informed consent, and data are handled in accordance with the Danish data legislation (journal number: 20/41457). Results are published in scientific journals and disseminated at international conferences

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Poliser

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049769).

Referens

Hansen, N. B., Møller, S. R., Elklit, A., Brandt, L., Andersen, L. L., & Pihl-Thingvad, J. (2022). Association of cumulative traumatic events among Danish police officers with mental health, work environment and sickness absenteeism: protocol of a 3-year prospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 12:e049769.

Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil.

Lima da Silva I., Machado de Souza E.R., Karine Dias Silva L., Claudino da Silva A.T., Norte da Silva J.M. Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil

Sammanfattning

Background: The literature discussing musculoskeletal diseases of inner northeastern workers is scarce, although 67,559 cases were reported in Brazil between 2007 and 2016. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple risk factors that influence the symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in wrists, elbows, and shoulders in workers from four different economic sectors. Methods: A sample included 420 workers from the inner regions of the Brazilian states of Alagoas and Bahia. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to capture pain symptoms on both sides of the body (left and right). Sociodemographic variables, items from the biomechanical exposure and organizational conditional, in addition to other questionnaires (JCQ, COPSOQ II, ERI) were used to assess the characteristics and occupational risks of the respondents. Ordinal logistic regression model was using to identify the relationship between symptoms and factors. Results: This study highlights the psychosocial, biomechanical, occupational, and sociodemographic variables contributed to development of WMSDs. Use of hand-vibrating tool increased the likelihood of symptoms manifesting on the body. On the other hand, high job control and high job insecurity reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. On the other hand, high job control and job satisfaction reduced the likelihood of developing symptoms. Factors such as age, curved spine, high job insecurity and excessive commitment contributed to the development of WMSDs only on one side of the body. Conclusions: The development of WMSDs is multifactorial. Sociodemographic, occupational, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors may commonly contribute to WMSD manifesting only on one side of the body more than on both sides.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3233/WOR-210752

Referens

Lima da Silva I., Machado de Souza E.R., Karine Dias Silva L., Claudino da Silva A.T., Norte da Silva J.M. Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil (2022). Effects of multiple risk factors on upper limb musculoskeletal disorders among workers in inner Brazil. Work.

Impact of Workplace Bullying on Work Performance Moderated by Loneliness: A Case study of Indonesia

Hidayat, M. F., & Ginting, H.

Sammanfattning

The issue of bullying within the workplace is a constant pursuit by scientists. The effect studied regarding the issues varies and has a large list of mediators and moderators. A common result of workplace bullying is its effect on working performance. Being one of the variables that hold a unique position as to cause and cause by, loneliness may introduce an updated perception of what bullying could have. Using a purposive sampling online survey, the data was collected from employees of multiple organizations and state-owned companies in Indonesia, especially West Java and North Sumatera. One hundred twenty-six valid data were gathered and processed for this study. The questionnaire was designed using COPSOQ III to assess the workplace bullying variable, the UCLA loneliness scale for the loneliness variable, and Koopman's individual work performance (IWP) assessment for the work performance variable. The result shows a relationship between workplace bullying and work performance, though it is insignificant, and loneliness elevates bullying's effect on work performance. The implication of these findings is to enrich understanding of workplace bullying within the workplace, but further research is still advised

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indonesien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.47505/IJRSS.2022.V3.6.1

Referens

Hidayat, M. F., & Ginting, H. (2022). Impact of Workplace Bullying on Work Performance Moderated by Loneliness: A Case study of Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities, 3(6), 1-8.

Goldilocks Work Conditions for All Ages: Age-Conditional Effects of Work Design Profiles on Well-Being

El Khawli, E., Keller, A. C., & Scheibe, S.

Sammanfattning

Work design plays an important role in workers’ job-related well-being, but not every employee responds to work design in the same way. Given trends toward longer working lives and higher age diversity in the workforce, worker age is an important factor to consider. However, knowledge about the interplay between worker age and work design is limited, especially when considering the multitude of job characteristics that people experience at the same time. Integrating the work design and lifespan/career development literatures and adopting a person-centered approach, we investigated how worker age affects membership in work design profiles and the relationship between work design profiles and occupational well-being. Using two independent samples (N = 989; 980), we conducted latent profile analysis to group workers into work design profiles based on 6 age-relevant job characteristics (autonomy, information-processing, workload, social support, emotional demands, and social conflicts). We identified 3 profiles and linked them to well-being: motivating (most favorable), moderately stimulating, and socially taxing (least favorable). Older workers were more likely to be in, and responded better to motivating work design profiles, and less likely to be in, and responded worse to socially taxing profiles. Meanwhile, younger workers seemed more tolerant of socially taxing work design profiles than older workers. Most age-contingent effects were robust after adding organizational tenure as a covariate. Findings qualify lifespan development theories and shed light on workers’ nuanced responses to work design profiles

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/workar/waac011

Referens

El Khawli, E., Keller, A. C., & Scheibe, S. (2022). Goldilocks Work Conditions for All Ages: Age-Conditional Effects of Work Design Profiles on Well-Being. Work, Aging and Retirement.

Development and validation of a prediction model for unemployment and work disability among 55 950 Dutch workers

Ots, P., Oude Hengel, K. M., Burdorf, A., Robroek, S. J., Nieboer, D., Schram, J. L., ... & Brouwer, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: This study developed prediction models for involuntary exit from paid employment through unemployment and disability benefits and examined if predictors and discriminative ability of these models differ between five common chronic diseases. Methods: Data from workers in the Lifelines Cohort Study (n¼55 950) were enriched with monthly information on employment status from Statistics Netherlands. Potential predictors included sociodemographic factors, chronic diseases, unhealthy behaviours and working conditions. Data were analyzed using cause-specific Cox regression analyses. Models were evaluated with the C-index and the positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively). The developed models were externally validated using data from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation. Results: Being female, low education, depression, smoking, obesity, low development possibilities and low social support were predictors of unemployment and disability. Low meaning of work and low physical activity increased the risk for unemployment, while all chronic diseases increased the risk of disability benefits. The discriminative ability of the models of the development and validation cohort were low for unemployment (c¼0.62; c¼0.60) and disability benefits (c¼0.68; c¼0.75). After stratification for specific chronic diseases, the discriminative ability of models predicting disability benefits improved for cardiovascular disease (c¼0.81), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (c¼0.74) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (c¼0.74). The PPV was low while the NPV was high for all models. Conclusion: Taking workers’ particular disease into account may contribute to an improved prediction of disability benefits, yet risk factors are better examined at the population level rather than at the individual level.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckac045

Referens

Ots, P., Oude Hengel, K. M., Burdorf, A., Robroek, S. J., Nieboer, D., Schram, J. L., ... & Brouwer, S. (2022). Development and validation of a prediction model for unemployment and work disability among 55 950 Dutch workers. European Journal of Public Health, ckac045.

A team level participatory approach aimed at improving sustainable employability of long-term care workers: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.

Heijkants, C.H., van Hooff, M.L.M., Geurts, S.A.E. et al. BMC Public Health 22, 984 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13312-8

Sammanfattning

Background. Staff currently working in long-term care experience several difficulties. Shortage of staff and poor working conditions are amongst the most prominent, which pose a threat to staff’s sustainable employability. To improve their sustainable employability it is important to create working conditions that fulfil workers’ basic psychological need for autonomy, relatedness and competence in line with Self-Determination Theory. Since many long-term care organisations work with self-managing teams, challenges exist at team level. Therefore, there is a need to implement an intervention aimed at maintaining and improving the sustainable employability of staff on team level. Methods.We developed a participatory workplace intervention, the Healthy Working Approach. In this intervention teams will uncover what problems they face related to autonomy, relatedness and competence in their team, come up with solutions for those problems and evaluate the effects of these solutions. We will evaluate this intervention by means of a two-arm randomized controlled trial with a follow-up of one year. One arm includes the intervention group and one includes the waitlist control group, each consisting of about 100 participants. The primary outcome is need for recovery as proxy for sustainable employability. Intervention effects will be analysed by linear mixed model analyses. A process evaluation with key figures will provide insight into barriers and facilitators of the intervention implementation. The Ethical Committee Social Sciences of the Radboud University approved the study. Discussion. This study will provide insight in both the effectiveness, and the barriers/facilitators of the implementation process of the Healthy Working Approach. The approach is co-created with long-term care workers, focuses on team-specific challenges, and is rooted in the evidence-based participatory workplace approach and Self-Determination Theory. First results are expected in 2022.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-13312-8

Referens

Heijkants, C.H., van Hooff, M.L.M., Geurts, S.A.E. et al. BMC Public Health 22, 984 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13312-8 (2022). A team level participatory approach aimed at improving sustainable employability of long-term care workers: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 22, 984.

Psychosocial risks and their relationship with occupational health in a hospital.

Castro Méndez, N. & Suárez Cretton, X.

Sammanfattning

The jobs are increasingly demanding, complex and put at risk the health and well-being of people when psychosocial conditions, present in organizational contexts, are inadequate. This study aimed to relate occupational disease based with the psychosocial risks present in a hospital, study possible resources that mitigate these risks and study variables associated with well-being. The method included an observational, analytical, cross-sectional design and a total sample of 480 workers who answered the Suseso/Istas21questionnaire. Linear regression analyzes were performed, initially for the surgery unit, which had presented a case of a pathology under study related to occupational risk, and subsequently for the entire hospital. The results show that quantitative requirements, sense of work and indebtedness are major predictors of the reporting of symptoms in surgery, and that sense of work interacts with quantitative requirements attenuating its effects for the entire hospital. Well-being is associated with mental health and emotional demands. It is concluded that psychosocial risk is associated with illness, but it can be attenuated by resources as the sense of work in a hospital.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Chile

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.22235/cp.v16i1.2551

Referens

Castro Méndez, N. & Suárez Cretton, X. (2022). Psychosocial risks and their relationship with occupational health in a hospital. Ciencias Psicológicas, 16(1), e-2551.

The Conceptual Model of Role Stress and Job Burnout in Judges: The Moderating Role of Career Calling.

Pereira, S. P. M., Correia, P. M. A. R., Da Palma, P. J., Pitacho, L., & Lunardi, F. C.

Sammanfattning

Judges are the central actors in the organization and functioning of the judicial system. Concerns about work efficiency, driven by the European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice, led countries to adopt a set of reforms in line with private sector ideals applied to the public field to better manage their financial and human resources. In the last decades, the Portuguese judicial system has undergone a reform based on New Public Management principles by adopting the new Law on the Organization of the Judiciary System (LOSJ), significantly altering judges’ duties, who beyond their traditional role of applying the law, perform the additional role of court-of-law judge-manager. The objective of this study is to explore the influence of role conflict and role ambiguity in occupational burnout among judges and to analyze the influence of calling orientation as a moderating variable, so as to present a conceptual model of role-stress management among the judiciary. Theoretically, this work contributes to the literature on role-stress management through its introduction of calling moderation, as well as to the literature on the positive influence of calling on burnout. In terms of its practical implications, the work contributes to a reconsideration of the current organizational structure of judicial work.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Domare

DOI

10.3390/laws11030042

Referens

Pereira, S. P. M., Correia, P. M. A. R., Da Palma, P. J., Pitacho, L., & Lunardi, F. C. (2022). The Conceptual Model of Role Stress and Job Burnout in Judges: The Moderating Role of Career Calling. Laws, 11(3), 42.

Retaining Social Workers: The Role of Quality of Work and Psychosocial Safety Climate for Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment

Geisler, M., Berthelsen, H. & Muhonen, T.

Sammanfattning

The present study investigated how psychosocial safety climate (PSC), job demands (role conflict and work-family conflict), job resources (social support from superiors and social community at work), and assessments for quality of work relate to social workers’ work engagement, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. The results of the questionnaire study (N = 831) showed that quality of work was strongly related to all three outcomes, whereas PSC was found to be related to social workers’ job satisfaction. The contribution of the study is discussed in relation to understanding the retention of social workers.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Socialsekreterare

DOI

10.1080/23303131.2019.1569574

Referens

Geisler, M., Berthelsen, H. & Muhonen, T. (2019). Retaining Social Workers: The Role of Quality of Work and Psychosocial Safety Climate for Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment. Human Service Organizations: Management, Leadership & Governance, 43(1), 1–15.

Health and Work Environment among Female and Male Swedish Elementary School Teachers-A Cross-Sectional Study

Boström, M., Björklund, C., Bergström, G., Nybergh, L., Schäfer Elinder, L., Stigmar, K., Wåhlin, C., Jensen, I. & Kwak, L.

Sammanfattning

Background and objectives: Changes in teachers' work situation in Sweden since the 1990s may have contributed to an increase in common mental disorders (CMDs) and burnout. However, there is a lack of research in this field. The aim was to describe how Swedish elementary school teachers experience their health, organizational and social work environment, and the psychosocial safety climate at the workplace, and especially differences and similarities between female and male teachers. Materials and methods: Data were collected with the COPSOQ, OLBI, UWES and PSC-12 from 478 elementary teachers, 81.0% of them women, from twenty schools. The response rate was 96.4%. Results: Teachers reported relatively good general health but experienced high stress, high work pace and emotional demands, low influence at work and a poor psychosocial safety climate. These factors were especially prominent among female teachers. Both women and men experienced good development possibilities and high work engagement. Conclusions: The results of this study can help us to develop a more sustainable work environment for female and male teachers. A more sustainable work environment might attract more people to the profession and incentivize existing teachers to remain in the profession.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17010227

Referens

Boström, M., Björklund, C., Bergström, G., Nybergh, L., Schäfer Elinder, L., Stigmar, K., Wåhlin, C., Jensen, I. & Kwak, L. (2020). Health and Work Environment among Female and Male Swedish Elementary School Teachers-A Cross-Sectional Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(1), 227.

Full evaluation of the psychometric properties of COPSOQ II. One-year longitudinal study on Polish human service staff

Baka, Ł., Prusik, M., Pejtersen, J.H., Grala, K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of the study was the full evaluation of the psychometric properties of the COPSOQ II in one-year longitudinal study on human service staff in Poland. Data were collected from 599 employees representing three occupational groups related to human service work. Methods: CFA was conducted in the structure proposed by the author of the original tool, based on one model, which included 119 observable variables forming 33 latent variables (single item subscales were excluded from analysis). To our knowledge, this was the first complete validation of the entire model using CFA. Reliability analysis was performed using two methods: internal consistency analysis and test-retest analysis. Predictive validity was assessed by correlating COPSOQ II variables with ten criterion variables related to job demands, job resources, work-family conflicts, mental health and well-being. Results: According to the results, CFA supported the original structure of the COPSOQ II. Most of the 33 subscales were characterized by good or very good psychometric parameters. The obtained results confirmed also the fairly high reliability, as well as high convergence validity of all subscales of COPSOQ II. Conclusion: The final conclusion is that COPSOQ II is characterised by satisfactory psychometric properties and could be successfully used to fulfil the demand for reliable and comprehensive assessment methods also in Polish job market settings.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Polen

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0262266

Referens

Baka, Ł., Prusik, M., Pejtersen, J.H., Grala, K. (2022). Full evaluation of the psychometric properties of COPSOQ II. One-year longitudinal study on Polish human service staff. PLoS ONE, 17(1), e0262266.

The burden in palliative care assistance: A comparison of psychosocial risks and burnout between inpatient hospice and home care services workers

Fattori, A., Pedruzzi, M., Cantarella, C., & Bonzini, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Literature suggests that home care professionals could be at higher risk of burnout than their colleagues in hospital settings, but research on home-based palliative care is still limited. Our study investigates psychosocial risk factors and burnout among workers involved in palliative care, comparing inpatient hospice, and home care settings. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a single palliative care organization providing inpatient hospice-based and home care-based assistance in a large urban area of Northern Italy. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire collecting socio-demographic and occupational data, psychosocial risk factors, and burnout scales (Psychosocial Safety Climate 4; Conflict and Offensive Behavior — COPSOQ II; Work Life Boundaries; Work-home Interaction; Peer Support — HSE; Copenhagen Burnout Inventory). Results: The study sample included 106 subjects (95% of the overall eligible working population) who were predominantly female (68%) and nurses (57%), with a mean age of 41 years. Compared to inpatient hospice staff, home care workers reported more frequent communications with colleagues (p = 0.03) and patients/caregivers (p = 0.01), while there were no differences in the perception of work intrusiveness. Inpatient hospice workers showed lower peer support (p = 0.08) and lower psychosocial safety climate (p = 0.001) than home care colleagues. The experience of aggressive behaviors was rare, and it was relatively more frequent among inpatient hospice workers, female workers, and health assistants. Average scores of burnout scales were similar for both groups except for caregiver-related burnout, which was higher among inpatient hospice workers compared to home care colleagues (p = 0.008). The number of subjects at risk for work-related burnout was similar for both groups. Significance of results: Our study confirms the presence of psychological and physical fatigue in both home-based and inpatient hospice palliative care. Results suggest that home care assistance may not be characterized by higher psychological burden compared to inpatient hospice setting. Given the general tendency to increase home-based care in our aging population, it is essential to broaden the knowledge of psychosocial risks in this specific context to properly protect workers’ health.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1017/S1478951521001887

Referens

Fattori, A., Pedruzzi, M., Cantarella, C., & Bonzini, M. (2022). The burden in palliative care assistance: A comparison of psychosocial risks and burnout between inpatient hospice and home care services workers. Palliative and Supportive Care, 1–8.

The Portuguese Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire: Preliminary Validation Studies of the Middle Version among Municipal and Healthcare Workers

Cotrim, T. P., Bem-Haja, P., Pereira, A., Fernandes, C., Azevedo, R., Antunes, S., Pinto, J. S., Kanazawa, F., Souto, I., Brito, E., & Silva, C. F.

Sammanfattning

A third version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III) was developed internationally aiming to respond to new trends in working conditions, theoretical concepts, and international experience. This article aims to present the preliminary validation studies for the Portuguese middle version of COPSOQ III. This is an exploratory cross-sectional study viewing the cross-cultural adaption of COPSOQ III to Portugal, ensuring the contents and face validity and performing field-testing in order to reduce the number of items and to obtain insight into the data structure, through classic test theory and item response theory approaches. The qualitative study encompassed 29 participants and the quantitative one 659 participants from municipalities and healthcare settings. Content analysis suggested that minor re-wording could improve the face validity of items, while a reduced version, with 85 items, shows psychometric stability, achieving good internal consistency in all subscales. The COPSOQ III Portuguese middle version proved to be a valid preliminary version for future validation studies with various populations, able to be used in correlational studies with other dimensions.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph19031167

Referens

Cotrim, T. P., Bem-Haja, P., Pereira, A., Fernandes, C., Azevedo, R., Antunes, S., Pinto, J. S., Kanazawa, F., Souto, I., Brito, E., & Silva, C. F. (2022). The Portuguese Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire: Preliminary Validation Studies of the Middle Version among Municipal and Healthcare Workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1167.

Potential of micro-exercise to prevent long-term sickness absence in the general working population: prospective cohort study with register follow-up

Andersen, L.L., Skovlund, S.V., Vinstrup, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

This study assesses the potential of workplace-based micro-exercise (brief and simple exercise bouts) to prevent long-term sickness absence (LTSA) at the population level. In the Work Environment and Health in Denmark Study (2012–2018), we followed 70,130 workers from the general working population, without prior LTSA, for two years in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalisation. We used Cox regression with model-assisted weights and controlled for various confounders. From 2012 to 2018, the percentage of workers in Denmark using workplace-based micro-exercise during and outside of working hours increased from 7.1 to 10.9% and from 0.8 to 1.4%, respectively. The incidence of long-term sickness absence (at least 30 days) was 8.4% during follow-up. The fully adjusted model showed reduced risk of long-term sickness absence from using micro-exercise during working hours, (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.96), but not when used outside of working hours. If used by all workers, micro-exercise during working hours could potentially prevent 12.8% of incident long-term sickness absence cases (population attributable fraction). In conclusion, micro-exercise performed during working hours holds certain potential to prevent incident long-term sickness absence in the general working population. Large-scale implementation of workplace-based micro-exercise may represent an unexploited opportunity for public health promotion.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1038/s41598-022-06283-8

Referens

Andersen, L.L., Skovlund, S.V., Vinstrup, J. et al. (2022). Potential of micro-exercise to prevent long-term sickness absence in the general working population: prospective cohort study with register follow-up. Scientific Reports, 12, 2280.

Conflict or connection? A feasibility study on the implementation of a training based on connecting communication in a nursing curriculum

Bakker, E., Dekker-van Doorn, C. M., Kox, J., Miedema, H. S., Francke, A. L., & Roelofs, P.

Sammanfattning

Background: Nursing students frequently experience offensive behaviour and communication problems with patients, clinical supervisors, and nursing and faculty staff. A communication training was developed based on connecting communication to prevent and manage conflict, and build interpersonal trust-based relationships. Objectives: Feasibility study to evaluate the acceptability, demand, implementation, integration, and limited efficacy of a training based on connecting communication within a nursing curriculum. Design: Mixed method design. Participants: Third-year nursing students (n = 24). Setting: A Dutch Bachelor of Nursing degree programme in Rotterdam. Methods: Between November 2019 and March 2020, data were collected from students and trainers, using quantitative and qualitative methods. Feasibility aspects, including limited efficacy testing, were measured with pre- and post-training surveys. Descriptive statistical analyses and (non)parametric tests were used to analyse feasibility aspects and baseline and follow-up scores for empathy, self-compassion, and exposure to violence. In addition, reflection reports of students and two paired interviews with the two trainers were analysed using qualitative content analysis with a deductive approach. Results: The post-training survey and reflection reports showed a positive assessment of the training on acceptability, demand, and integration. Students rated the training as helpful in improving their communication skills and in dealing with conflict situations. Furthermore, they recommended to implement the training in earlier years of the educational programme. According to the trainers, miscommunication, students' lack of preparation for lessons, and the timing of the training prohibited full participation in the training. The pretest-posttest survey results show statistically significant improved self-compassion (3.77 vs. 4.10; p = 0.03) and decreased self-judgement (4.21 vs. 3.50; p = 0.03). Empathy and exposure to violence did not change. Conclusions: From the perspective of nursing students and trainers involved, this 10-week training based on connecting communication is feasible to implement in the Bachelor of Nursing degree programme, preferably before clinical placements.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105302

Referens

Bakker, E., Dekker-van Doorn, C. M., Kox, J., Miedema, H. S., Francke, A. L., & Roelofs, P. (2022). Conflict or connection? A feasibility study on the implementation of a training based on connecting communication in a nursing curriculum. Nurse education today, 111, 105302.

Occupational health, frontline workers and COVID-19 lockdown: new gender-related inequalities?

Utzet,M., Bacigalupe, A., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: The abrupt onset of COVID-19, with its rapid spread, has had brutal consequences in all areas of society, including the workplace. In this paper, we report the working conditions, health, and tranquilisers and opioid analgesics use of workers during the first months of the ensuing pandemic, according to whether they were frontline workers or not and also according to sex. Methods: Our analysis is based on cross-sectional survey data (collected during April and May 2020) from the wage-earning population in Spain (n=15 070). We estimate prevalences, adjusted prevalence differences and adjusted prevalence ratios by sex and according to whether the worker is a frontline worker or not. Results: Employment and working conditions, exposure to psychosocial risks, as well as health status and the consumption of tranquilisers and opioid analgesics all showed sex and sectoral (frontline vs non-frontline) inequalities, which placed essential women workers in a particularly vulnerable position. Moreover, the consumption of tranquilisers and opioid analgesics increased during the pandemic and health worsened significantly among frontline women workers. Conclusions: The exceptional situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to revalue essential sectors and to dignify such employment and working conditions, especially among women. There is an urgent need to improve working conditions and reduce occupational risk, particularly among frontline workers. In addition, this study highlights the public health problem posed by tranquilisers and opioid analgesics consumption, especially among frontline women.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/jech-2021-217692

Referens

Utzet,M., Bacigalupe, A., Navarro, A. (2022). Occupational health, frontline workers and COVID-19 lockdown: new gender-related inequalities?. J Epidemiol Community Health.

Higher Work-Privacy Conflict and Lower Job Satisfaction in GP Leaders and Practice Assistants Working Full-Time Compared to Part-Time: Results of the IMPROVEjob Study

Göbel, J., Schmidt, M., Seifried-Dübon, T., Linden, K., Degen, L., Rind, E., Eilerts, A.-L., Pieper, C., Grot, M., Werners, B., Schröder, V., Jöckel, K.-H., Rieger, M. A., & Weltermann, B. M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Work-privacy conflict (WPC) has become an important issue for medical professionals. The cluster-randomized controlled IMPROVEjob study aimed at improving job satisfaction (primary outcome), with additional outcomes such as examining the work-privacy conflict in German general practice personnel. Using baseline data of this study, the relationship between work-privacy conflict and job satisfaction (JS) was analyzed. In addition, factors associated with higher WPC were identified. Methods: At baseline, 366 participants (general practitioners (GPs) in leadership positions, employed general practitioners, and practice assistants) from 60 German practices completed a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data and job characteristics. Standardized scales from the German version of the COPSOQ III requested data concerning job satisfaction and work-privacy conflict. Both scores range from 0 (lowest) to 100 (highest). Multilevel analysis accounted for the clustered data. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS and RStudio software, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: Job satisfaction was 77.16 (mean value; SD = 14.30) among GPs in leadership positions (n = 84), 79.61 (SD = 12.85) in employed GPs (n = 28), and 72.58 (SD = 14.42) in practice assistants (n = 254). Mean values for the WPC-scale were higher for professionals with more responsibilities: GPs in leadership positions scored highest with 64.03 (SD = 29.96), followed by employed physicians (M = 45.54, SD =30.28), and practice assistants (M = 32.67, SD = 27.41). General practitioners and practice assistants working full-time reported significantly higher work-privacy conflict than those working part-time (p < 0.05). In a multilevel analysis, work-privacy conflict was significantly associated with job satisfaction (p < 0.001). A multiple regression analysis identified working hours, as well as and being a practice owner or an employed physician as factors significantly influencing WPC. Discussion: WPC was high among general practice leaders and practice personnel working full-time. Future interventions to support practice personnel should focus on reducing WPC, as there is good evidence of its effects on job satisfaction.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Allmänläkare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph19052618

Referens

Göbel, J., Schmidt, M., Seifried-Dübon, T., Linden, K., Degen, L., Rind, E., Eilerts, A.-L., Pieper, C., Grot, M., Werners, B., Schröder, V., Jöckel, K.-H., Rieger, M. A., & Weltermann, B. M. (2022). Higher Work-Privacy Conflict and Lower Job Satisfaction in GP Leaders and Practice Assistants Working Full-Time Compared to Part-Time: Results of the IMPROVEjob Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2618.

Work and active aging: is there a relationship between health and meaning in life?

Torres, I., Gaspar, T. and Rodrigues, P.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aims to explain the health impact of work demands and organization, job content, leadership and values in the workplace. It also explores the extent to which health conditions influence the meaning in life in late career. Design/methodology/approach: The sample consisted of 1,330 Portuguese-based individuals aged 55–75 years. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was used for the data analysis and to test the research questions. Findings: The results showed that stress and burnout are influenced by work demands and organization, job content, leadership and values in the workplace. Employment status had no influence. Health status affects the meaning in life. Research limitations/implications: Although participants were asked to answer the questionnaire bearing in mind their last work experience, retirees could have had difficulty reporting on their last work; therefore, in future research, the use of a qualitative methodology could also be equated as to complement richer information regarding past experiences in the work context. Practical implications: Considering the main goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, this study contributes, namely, to the third one – Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. In fact, directing a look at the condition in which older people work and at their health contributes not only to more productive organizations, to less spending of public money on health, but also to a more inclusive society. Bearing in mind workers are progressively retiring later and that the exposure to certain work conditions during the late career is problematic for organizations and for society in general, this study has practical and social implication.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/IJWHM-12-2020-0208

Referens

Torres, I., Gaspar, T. and Rodrigues, P. (2022). Work and active aging: is there a relationship between health and meaning in life?. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, Vol. 15 No. 2, 235-253.

Effects of health-promoting leadership, employee health on employee engagement: employability as moderating variable

Liu, L., Zhang, C. and Fang, C.-C.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Employee health is a major challenge for enterprises. Fostering a healthy work environment and promoting employee engagement are key to addressing this challenge. Health-promoting leadership and employee health are the driving forces of corporate development; at the same time, employability is the core element of employee relations. Based on self-determination theory, this study aims to explore the effects of health-promoting leadership and employee health on employee engagement in light of employee employability. Design/methodology/approach: The data of this study encompass 723 valid questionnaires from employees of MSME in China. This study focuses on health-promoting leadership and employee health, engagement relationship and the above relationship moderating by employability. Findings: Health-promoting leadership plays a key role in the workplace, results show that health-promoting leadership has a positive impact on employee health and employee engagement, while employee health did not have a positive effect on employee engagement. Employability negatively moderated the relationship between employee health and employee engagement. Research limitations/implications: This study is based on cross-sectional survey data collected at the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic rapidly and continuously changed the organizational responses to employee health. Future studies could utilize longitudinal methods or focus on measurement instruments of the culture of health, to create additional insights about health promoting.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/IJWHM-07-2020-0122

Referens

Liu, L., Zhang, C. and Fang, C.-C. (2022). Effects of health-promoting leadership, employee health on employee engagement: employability as moderating variable. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, Vol. 15 No. 1, 1-18.

Measuring job stress in transportation workers: psychometric properties, convergent validity and reliability of the ERI and JCQ among professional drivers

Useche, S.A., Alonso, F., Cendales, B. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The accumulated evidence has shown how professional drivers are, in psychosocial terms, among the most vulnerable workforces, and how their crashes (some of them preceded by stressful working conditions) constitute both an occupational and public health concern. However, there is a clear lack of validated tools for measuring stress and other key hazardous issues affecting transport workers, and most of the existing ones, frequently generic, do not fully consider the specific features that properly describe the work environment of professional driving. This study assessed the psychometric properties, convergent validity and consistency of two measures used for researching occupational stress among professional drivers: the Siegrist’s ERI (Effort-Reward Imbalance Inventory) and Karasek’s JCQ (Job Content Questionnaire). Methods: We examined the data collected from 726 Spanish professional drivers. Analyses were performed using Structural Equation Models, thus obtaining basic psychometric properties of both measures and an optimized structure for the instruments, in addition to testing their convergent validity. Results: The results suggest that the abbreviated versions of ERI (10 items) and JCQ (20 items) have clear dimensional structures, high factorial weights, internal consistency and an improved fit to the task’s dynamics and hazards, commonly faced by of professional drivers; a short set of items with low psychometrical adjustment was excluded, and the root structure of the questionnaires was kept. Conclusions: This study supports the value and reliability of ERI-10 and JCQ-20 for measuring job stress among professional drivers. Also, there is a high consistency between both measures of stress, even though they belong to different theoretical conceptions of the phenomenon. In practical settings, these instruments can be useful for occupational researchers and practitioners studying stress-related issues from the perspective of human factors.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Chaufförer

DOI

10.1186/s12889-021-11575-1

Referens

Useche, S.A., Alonso, F., Cendales, B. et al. (2021). Measuring job stress in transportation workers: psychometric properties, convergent validity and reliability of the ERI and JCQ among professional drivers. BMC Public Health, 21, 1594.

More Than Just "Stressful"? Testing the Mediating Role of Fatigue on the Relationship Between Job Stress and Occupational Crashes of Long-Haul Truck Drivers

Useche, S. A., Alonso, F., Cendales, B., & Llamazares, J.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Recent evidence consistently highlights the adverse work environment of long-haul professional drivers, whose task structure typically involves the performance of extensive shifts, driving under stressful working conditions. In this regard, job stress and fatigue - that are highly prevalent in this workforce - seem to play a crucial role in explaining this group's negative traffic safety outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether work-related fatigue is a mechanism that mediates the relationship between job stress, health indicators and occupational traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers (LHTD). Methods: The data used in this study were collected from 521 Spanish long-haul truck drivers (97% males) from all 17 regions of Spain, with a mean age of 47 years. Results: Utilizing structural equation models (SEM), it was found that work-traffic crashes of long-haul truck drivers could be explained through work-related fatigue that exerts a full mediation between job stress (job strain), health-related factors and traffic crashes suffered during the previous two years. Discussion: Overall, the findings of this research support that a) stressful working conditions and health issues of drivers have significant effects on traffic crashes, and b) fatigue is a mechanism relating stress-related factors and work-traffic crashes of long-haul drivers. This study highlights the need of stress- and fatigue-management policies and interventions, in order to reduce the crash risk of long-haul truck drivers.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Lastbilschaufförer

DOI

10.2147/PRBM.S305687

Referens

Useche, S. A., Alonso, F., Cendales, B., & Llamazares, J. (2021). More Than Just "Stressful"? Testing the Mediating Role of Fatigue on the Relationship Between Job Stress and Occupational Crashes of Long-Haul Truck Drivers. Psychology research and behavior management, 14, 1211–1221.

Association between psychosocial factors in workers and multisite pain: cross-sectional study

Faria, Beatriz Suelen Ferreira, Gonçalves, Josiane Sotrate and Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira

Sammanfattning

Background and objectives: Psychosocial factors may be associated with multisite pain, which is characterized by pain symptoms in more than one part of the body. The aim of the present study was to determine associations between psychosocial factors and multisite pain in a population of workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 195 workers (educators, administrative technicians, healthcare workers, cleaners, and zookeepers). Psychosocial factors were evaluated using the short form of the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Multisite pain was identified using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: Multisite pain was associated with quantitative demands (OR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.06-1.63), work pace (OR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.01-1.43), emotional demands (OR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.18-1.63), commitment to the workplace (OR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.91), predictability (OR=0.86; 95% CI: 0.76-0.99), job satisfaction (OR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.32-0.88), work-family conflict (OR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.16-1.62), justice (OR=0.81; 95% CI: 0.69-0.94), general health perception (OR=0.54; 95% CI: 0.38-0.76), burnout (OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.17-1.69), and stress (OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.18-1.68). Conclusion: Several psychosocial factors were associated with multisite pain, indicating that these factors could be considered in the multisite pain management.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5935/2595-0118.20220002

Referens

Faria, Beatriz Suelen Ferreira, Gonçalves, Josiane Sotrate and Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira (2022). Association between psychosocial factors in workers and multisite pain: cross-sectional study. BrJP, 2–7.

Assessment of lifestyle changes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia

Kifle, Z.D., Woldeyohanins, A.E., Asmare, B., Atanaw, B., Mesafint, T., Adugna, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 has had a global effect on people’s lifestyles. Many people have developed irregular eating patterns and become physically inactive, which leads to an aggravation of lifestyle-related diseases and unhealthier lifestyles; these, subsequently raise the severity of coronavirus disease 2019. This study aimed to assess lifestyle changes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Gondar town, North West, Ethiopia. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among households at Gondar town from June to August 2021. The study participants were selected by a systematic random sampling technique from proportionally allocated kebeles. Data were collected using face-to-face interview techniques and were entered and analyzed by using a statistical package for the social sciences version 24; P-values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Overall, 348 study participants were included in the study. Among those respondents, 52.3% (182) were female study participants and the mean age of the respondents was 30.95±14.4. In this study, there was a significant decrement in non-homemade food from 20.4% to 13.4% at (P = <0.001). Concerning water intake, 11.5% (40) of respondents consumed ≥8 cups/day before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and the percentage increased to 14.7% (51) during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (p = 0.01). Of the participants, 46% participants were reported never engaging in any physical activity before the coronavirus pandemic, and the percentage decreased to 29.9% during the pandemic (P = 0.002). The respondents also exhibited increment tension in large from 4.9% to 22.7% before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, respectively. Furthermore, about 6.3% of the study participants slept badly before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemics and the effects of sleeping badly and restlessly increased to 25.9% during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (P = <0.001). Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that there is a noticeable alteration in food consumption, food choices, regular mealtime, sleeping habits, mental exhaustion, and practice of physical activity.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Etiopien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0264617

Referens

Kifle, Z.D., Woldeyohanins, A.E., Asmare, B., Atanaw, B., Mesafint, T., Adugna, M. (2022). Assessment of lifestyle changes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS ONE, 17(3), e0264617.

The relative importance of various job resources for work engagement: A concurrent and follow-up dominance analysis

Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Turunen, J.

Sammanfattning

Job resources are known to be key drivers of work engagement, but surprisingly, little is known about the relative importance of specific job resources in comparison to one another. We investigated the relative importance of eight job resources both cross-sectionally and over a 3-year time period. We hypothesized that job resources at the task level are “universally” important and contribute relatively more to work engagement than other types of job resources. We employed dominance analyses to a large cross-sectional data set (N=11,468 from 87 organizations), focusing specifically on 11 jobs, and to a two-wave data set (N=2,334). Three job resources emerged as the most important both for concurrent and future work engagement across the jobs and samples: skill discretion, job feedback, and team empowerment. Practically, this study suggests that interventions to enhance work engagement could focus on increasing skill discretion and job feedback and on building team empowerment.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Finland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/23409444211012419

Referens

Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Turunen, J. (2021). The relative importance of various job resources for work engagement: A concurrent and follow-up dominance analysis. BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 1– 17.

Prevalence and correlates of physical activity among public healthcare workers in Hungary

Rovo, G., Makai, A., Prémusz, V., Baumann, P., Laczkó, T., Betlehem, J., et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Due to unfavorable working conditions, health professionals often suffer several psychosomatic and somatic symptoms. Although these symptoms could be relieved by physical activity, their lifestyles are often inadequate. We assessed the physical activity levels of workers in the Hungarian healthcare system through the lens of occupational health. Material and methods: We surveyed the physical activity levels of 285 healthcare workers using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ – Long Form). SPSS 24.0 was used to perform statistical analysis. Results: According to their overall MET/minute/week values, participants were divided into 3 groups based on physical activity levels: insufficient, sufficient, and high physical activity. The most populated activity category was the high physical activity category with a result of 90.68%. Occupational activity accounted for one-third (32.01%) of total activity scores while leisure time activity accounted for 11.52% of total activity. Correlation analysis was carried out focused on Body Mass Index (BMI), age, and physical activity (PA). Only leisure time activity showed a significant correlation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our research acknowledges that physical activity during working hours with respect to the target group does not contribute to physical activity in leisure time.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ungern

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.5114/hpc.2020.98469

Referens

Rovo, G., Makai, A., Prémusz, V., Baumann, P., Laczkó, T., Betlehem, J., et al. (2020). Prevalence and correlates of physical activity among public healthcare workers in Hungary. Health Prob Civil, 14(3), 221-227.

Discrimination, stress, and well-being in the workplace: A comparison of Australian migrant and nonmigrant workers

Satyen, L., & Becerra, A. F.

Sammanfattning

Research on workplace discrimination and its effects among migrant workers in Australia is limited. This study examined perceived ethnic discrimination in the workplace, levels of occupational stress, and general well-being across Australian migrant and nonmigrant workers with a nationally representative sample of 344 Australian migrant (32%) and nonmigrant (68%) workers. Results showed that migrant workers had higher scores on perceived discrimination and occupational stress, and lower scores on personal well-being. These findings highlight the need to understand the experiences, risks, and needs of culturally diverse workers in Australia to improve their well-being and provide them with culturally relevant support.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/joec.12184

Referens

Satyen, L., & Becerra, A. F. (2022). Discrimination, stress, and well-being in the workplace: A comparison of Australian migrant and nonmigrant workers. Journal of Employment Counseling, 00, 1– 11.

Factors associated with burnout among medical laboratory professionals in Ontario, Canada: An exploratory study during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Nowrouzi-Kia, B., Dong, J., Gohar, B., Hoad, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine factors associated with burnout among medical laboratory technologists (MLT) in Ontario, Canada during the second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional design and used a self-reported questionnaire designed for MLT in Ontario, Canada. Results: There were 441 (47.5% response rate) MLT who were included in the analytic sample. Most of the respondents were women, with a mean age of 43.1 and a standard deviation of 11.7. The prevalence of experiencing burnout was 72.3% for MLT. In the adjusted demographic model, those ≥50 (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.22–0.59) were 0.36 or about one third as likely to experience burnout as those under 50. Similarly, those who held a university degree were less likely to experience burnout compared with high school degree (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15–0.79). In the adjusted occupational model, high quantitative demands (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.21–3.88), high work pace (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.25–3.98), high job insecurity (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.39– 4.82), high work life conflict (OR = 5.08, 95% CI: 2.75–9.64) and high job satisfaction (OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20–0.88), high self-rated health (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.17–0.56) were significant. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence regarding the factors associated with burnout in MLT. Additional research is needed to understand their relationship with workers health and well-being and in the delivery of health services.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Laboratorietekniker

DOI

10.1002/hpm.3460

Referens

Nowrouzi-Kia, B., Dong, J., Gohar, B., Hoad, M. (2022). Factors associated with burnout among medical laboratory professionals in Ontario, Canada: An exploratory study during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 1–15.

Facilitating stress prevention in micro and small-sized enterprises: protocol for a mixed method study to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation process of targeted web-based interventions

Engels, M., Boß, L., Engels, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Workplace-related stress is a major risk factor for mental and physical health problems and related sickness absence and productivity loss. Despite evidence regarding the effectiveness of different workplace-based interventions, the implementation of stress prevention interventions is rare, especially in micro and small-sized enterprises (MSE) with fewer than 50 employees. The joint research project “PragmatiKK”+ aims to identify and address the specific barriers to the implementation of stress prevention interventions in MSE. This study protocol describes a mixed method study design to evaluate the effectiveness of adapted stress prevention interventions and the implementation process via an integrated web-based platform (“System P”) specifically targeted at MSE. Methods: First, we develop a web-based intervention, which accounts for the specific working conditions in MSE and addresses stress prevention at a structural and behavioral level. Second, we use common methods of implementation research to perform an effect and process evaluation. We analyze the effectiveness of the web-based stress prevention interventions by comparing depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up (after 6 months and 12 months). Indicators for a successful implementation process include acceptability, adoption, feasibility, reach, dose, and fidelity, which we will measure with quantitative web-based questionnaires and qualitative interviews. We will also analyze the accumulated usage data from the web-based platform. Discussion: Collecting data on the implementation process and the effectiveness of a web-based intervention will help to identify and overcome common barriers to stress prevention in MSE. This can improve the mental health of employees in MSE, which constitute more than 90% of all enterprises in Germany.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-12921-7

Referens

Engels, M., Boß, L., Engels, J. et al. (2022). Facilitating stress prevention in micro and small-sized enterprises: protocol for a mixed method study to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation process of targeted web-based interventions. BMC Public Health, 22, Article number: 591.

Structural equation modeling of the influence of primary school teachers' demographics on their psychosocial work hazards

Ugwuanyi, C. S., Okeke, C. C., & Okeke, C. I. O.

Sammanfattning

Most workers, especially teachers experience one form of psychosocial work hazards or the other. In the Nigerian context, there is a high prevalence of psychosocial work hazards and no study has been conducted to ascertain the influence of teachers’ demographics on their psychosocial work hazards. This study explored the influence of primary school teachers’ demographics on their psychosocial work hazards using the structural equation modeling approach. Drawing from the tenets of Job-Demand-Control-Support theory, a correlational survey research design was used, using a sample of 254 primary school teachers, and the study was based on a quantitative research approach. The study's data were gathered utilizing a 28-item questionnaire adapted from the 30-item Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire developed by Kristensen and coworkers in 2005. The internal consistency reliability index of the questionnaire items was 0.74. The data were analyzed using a combination of frequency, percentage, chi-square test of independent samples, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modeling. It was revealed that demographic characteristics of teachers correlated with their psychosocial work hazards. However, it was found that only the age and location of the teachers had significant (p < .05) relationships with their psychosocial work hazards. The age and location of the teachers are significant determinants of their psychosocial work hazards. This our findings call for more research on the subject matter as some recent studies have documented that other demographics of teachers had significant relationships with psychosocial work hazards. It was therefore recommended that teachers’ demographics should be considered as important factors in the recruitment of teachers.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nigeria

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1002/jcop.22857

Referens

Ugwuanyi, C. S., Okeke, C. C., & Okeke, C. I. O. (2022). Structural equation modeling of the influence of primary school teachers' demographics on their psychosocial work hazards. Journal of Community Psychology, 1– 17.

Assessment of psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of teachers in rural community-based schools

Ede, M. O., Aye, E. N., & Okeke, C. I.

Sammanfattning

This is a cross-sectional study that assessed the psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of teachers in rural community-based schools. A total of 254 primary school teachers participated in the study. Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and Work Deviance Behaviour Scale were employed to elicit the teachers' responses. The descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage), and Pearson's correlation (r) statistical analysis were used to analyse the data. The results showed that the primary school teachers experience elements of psychosocial work hazards. It was also indicated that primary school teachers rarely exhibit work deviant behaviours. There is a significant positive relationship between psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of primary school teachers in Enugu State. In conclusion, it was suggested that teachers experience psychosocial work hazards and exhibit workplace deviant behaviours in primary schools in Enugu State Nigeria. Therefore, professionals in workplaces including schools should design practicable interventions that would help to reduce workplace deviance among employees in different works of life. With this, these should be reflected in decision-making and policies implementations to rural communities and beyond.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nigeria

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1002/jcop.22848

Referens

Ede, M. O., Aye, E. N., & Okeke, C. I. (2022). Assessment of psychosocial work hazards and workplace deviant behaviours of teachers in rural community-based schools. Journal of Community Psychology, 1– 17.

Job satisfaction in midwives and its association with organisational and psychosocial factors at work: a nation-wide, cross-sectional study

Hansson, M., Dencker, A., Lundgren, I. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Midwives report a challenging work environment globally, with high levels of burnout, insufficient work resources and low job satisfaction. The primary objective of this study was to identify factors in the organisational and psychosocial work environment associated with midwives’ job satisfaction. A secondary objective was to identify differences in how midwives assess the organisational and psychosocial work environment compared to Swedish benchmarks. Methods: This nation-wide, cross-sectional web survey study analysed midwives’ assessment of their organisational and psychosocial work environment using the COPSOQ III instrument. A multivariable, bi-directional, stepwise linear regression was used to identify association with job satisfaction (N = 1747, 99.6% women). A conventional minimal important score difference (MID ± 5 as a noticeable difference with clinical importance) were used to compare midwives’ results with Swedish benchmarks. Results: A multivariable regression model with 13 scales explained the variance in job satisfaction (R2 = .65). Five scales, possibilities for development, quality of work, role conflict, burnout and recognition, explained most of the variance in midwives’ job satisfaction (R2 = .63) and had β values ranging from .23 to .10. Midwives had adverse MID compared to Swedish benchmarks with higher difference in mean values regarding quantitative demands (8.3), work pace (6.0) emotional demand (20.6), role conflicts (7.9) and burnout (8.3). In addition, lower organisational justice (-6.4), self-rated health (-8.8), influence (-13.2) and recognition at work (-5.8). However, variation and meaning of work showed a beneficial difference in mean values with 7.9 and 13.7 respectively. Conclusions: Midwives reported high levels of meaningfulness in their work, and meaningfulness was associated with job satisfaction. However, midwives also reported adversely high demands and a lack of influence and recognition at work and in addition, high role conflict and burnout compared to Swedish benchmarks. The lack of organisational resources are modifiable factors that can be taken into account when structural changes are made regarding organisation of care, management and resource allocation. Midwives are necessary to a high quality sexual, reproductive and perinatal health care. Future studies are needed to investigate if job satisfaction can be improved through professional recognition and development, and if this can reduce turnover in midwives.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Barnmorskor

DOI

10.1186/s12913-022-07852-3

Referens

Hansson, M., Dencker, A., Lundgren, I. et al. (2022). Job satisfaction in midwives and its association with organisational and psychosocial factors at work: a nation-wide, cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, 22, 436.

The Swedish HealthPhys Study: Study Description and Prevalence of Clinical Burnout and Major Depression among Physicians

Hagqvist, E., Ekberg, K., Lidwall, U., Nyberg, A., Landstad, B. J., Wilczek, A., Bååthe, F., & Sjöström, M.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The study purpose was to describe the Swedish HealthPhys cohort. Using data from the HealthPhys study, we aimed to describe the prevalence of clinical burnout and major depression in a representative sample of Swedish physicians across gender, age, worksite, hierarchical position, and speciality in spring of 2021, during the third wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: The HealthPhys questionnaire was sent to a representative sample of practising physicians (n = 6699) in Sweden in February to May of 2021 with a 41.3% response rate. The questionnaire included validated instruments measuring psychosocial work environment and health including measurements for major depression and clinical burnout. Results: Data from the HealthPhys study showed that among practising physicians in Sweden the prevalence of major depression was 4.8% and clinical burnout was 4.7%. However, the variations across sub-groups of physicians regarding major depression ranged from 0% to 10.1%. For clinical burnout estimates ranged from 1.3% to 14.5%. Emergency physicians had the highest levels of clinical burnout while they had 0% prevalence of major depression. Prevalence of exhaustion was high across all groups of physicians with physicians working in emergency departments, at the highest (28.6%) and anaesthesiologist at the lowest (5.6%). Junior physicians had high levels across all measurements. Conclusions: In conclusion, the first data collection from the HealthPhys study showed that the prevalence of major depression and clinical burnout varies across genders, age, hierarchical position, worksite, and specialty. Moreover, many practising physicians in Sweden experienced exhaustion and were at high risk of burnout.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1177/24705470221083866

Referens

Hagqvist, E., Ekberg, K., Lidwall, U., Nyberg, A., Landstad, B. J., Wilczek, A., Bååthe, F., & Sjöström, M. (2022). The Swedish HealthPhys Study: Study Description and Prevalence of Clinical Burnout and Major Depression among Physicians. Chronic Stress.

A cross-sectional study on public health nurses' disaster competencies and influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea

Hong, E., Jung, A. & Woo, K.

Sammanfattning

Public health nurses are performing various roles during the COVID-19 pandemic: counseling, surveillance, specimen collection, epidemiological investigation, education, and vaccination. This study investigated their disaster competencies in the context of emerging infectious diseases, and identified their influencing factors based on Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory. A convenience sample of 242 was selected from public health nurses working in a metropolitan city of South Korea. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS Statistics ver. 23.0. Results showed that the significant factors influencing disaster competencies included “willingness to respond to a disaster,” “preventive behavior,” “experience of receiving education on emerging infectious diseases response,” “public health center experience,” “job satisfaction,” and “education.” This regression model explained 33.2% of the variance in disaster competencies. “Willingness to respond to a disaster” was the strongest factor affecting disaster competencies. Based on these results, it is concluded that interventions to improve disaster competencies and psychological well-being of public health nurses are needed. Additionally, strategies such as creating a supportive work environment, deploying experienced nurses primarily on the front line, and reducing the tasks of permanent public health nurses should be implemented.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1186/s12889-022-13091-2

Referens

Hong, E., Jung, A. & Woo, K. (2022). A cross-sectional study on public health nurses' disaster competencies and influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. BMC Public Health, 22, 731.

Association of perceived work pace and physical work demands with occupational accidents: a cross-sectional study of ageing male construction workers in Denmark

Hansen, P.W., Schlünssen, V., Fonager, K. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Occupational accidents continue to be a significant public health challenge worldwide. Construction workers in particular are at high risk of occupational accidents, and thus it is of major importance to identify possible predictors of occupational accidents among construction workers. We aimed to investigate the association between self-reported work pace and physical work demands and occupational accidents among ageing male construction workers in Denmark. Methods: Data on perceived work pace, physical work demands, and occupational accidents was acquired from questionnaires sent to ageing construction workers in Denmark in 2016 as part of the ALFA project (ALdring og Fysisk Arbejde; Ageing and Physical Work). A sample of 1270 Danish male construction workers above 50 years of age was included in the present study. Multiple logistic regression models were applied, with adjustments for age, smoking, body mass index, musculoskeletal disorders, occupation, work experience, and support at work. Results: Of 1270 construction workers, 166 (13.1%) reported an occupational accident within the last 12 months. There was no significant association between perceived work pace and occupational accidents, but physical work demands were associated with higher odds for occupational accidents, with an odds ratio of 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.26–4.10) for medium physical work demands and 2.62 (95% confidence interval 1.50–4.57) for high physical work demands. Conclusions: Ageing male construction workers with high physical work demands had statistically significant higher odds of having an occupational accident. By contrast, perceived work pace was not associated with occupational accidents in this large cross-sectional study.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Byggarbetare

DOI

10.1186/s12889-021-12461-6

Referens

Hansen, P.W., Schlünssen, V., Fonager, K. et al. (2022). Association of perceived work pace and physical work demands with occupational accidents: a cross-sectional study of ageing male construction workers in Denmark. BMC Public Health, 22, 18.

P.0715 Sleep, stress, burnout, and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers from COVID-19 services: findings from a cross-sectional study on psychosocial risks European Neuropsychopharmacology

Gouveia P, Moura P, Lopes D, Henriques A, Pires A.

Sammanfattning

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.10.785

Referens

Gouveia P, Moura P, Lopes D, Henriques A, Pires A. (2021). P.0715 Sleep, stress, burnout, and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers from COVID-19 services: findings from a cross-sectional study on psychosocial risks European Neuropsychopharmacology. Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 53, S523-S523.

The Gutenberg health study: a five-year prospective analysis of psychosocial working conditions using COPSOQ (Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire) and ERI (effort-reward imbalance)

Nuebling, M., Hegewald, J., Starke, K.R. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychosocial working conditions were previously analyzed using the first recruitment wave of the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) cohort (n = 5000). We aimed to confirm the initial analysis using the entire GHS population at baseline (N = 15,010) and at the five-year follow-up. We also aimed to determine the effects of psychosocial working conditions at baseline on self-rated outcomes measured at follow-up. Methods: At baseline, working GHS participants were assessed with either the Effort-Reward-Imbalance questionnaire (ERI) (n = 4358) or with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) (n = 4322); participants still working after five years received the same questionnaire again (ERI n = 3142; COPSOQ n = 3091). We analyzed the association between working conditions and the outcomes job satisfaction, general health, burnout, and satisfaction with life at baseline, at follow-up and also prospectively from baseline to follow-up using linear regression models. We examined the outcome variance explained by the models (R2) to estimate the predictive performance of the questionnaires. Results: The models’ R2 was comparable to the original baseline analyses at both t0 and t1 (R2 range: ERI 0.10–0.43; COPSOQ 0.10–0.56). However, selected scales of the regression models sometimes changed between assessment times. The prospective analysis showed weaker associations between baseline working conditions and outcomes after five years (R2 range: ERI 0.07–0.19; COPSOQ 0.07–0.24). This was particularly true for job satisfaction. After adjusting for the baseline levels of the outcomes, fewer scales still explained some of the variance in the distribution of the outcome variables at follow-up. The models using only data from t0 or t1 confirmed the previous baseline analysis. We observed a loss of explained variance in the prospective analysis models. This loss was greatest for job satisfaction, suggesting that this outcome is most influenced by short-term working conditions. Conclusions: Both the COPSOQ and ERI instruments show good criterion validity and adequately predict contemporaneously measured self-reported measurements of health and (occupational) well-being. However, the COPSOQ provides a more detailed picture of working conditions and might be preferable for improvment strategies in workplaces. Additional prospective research with shorter follow-up times would be beneficial for estimating dose-response relationships.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-021-12240-3

Referens

Nuebling, M., Hegewald, J., Starke, K.R. et al. (2022). The Gutenberg health study: a five-year prospective analysis of psychosocial working conditions using COPSOQ (Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire) and ERI (effort-reward imbalance). BMC Public Health, 22, 24.

Offensive behaviours against school leaders: Prevalence, perpetrators and mediators in Australian government schools

Arnold, B., Rahimi, M., Riley, P.

Sammanfattning

Offensive behaviour towards school employees is widespread and involves a number of potentially harmful acts. There is evidence that school employees’ experiences of offensive behaviour are shaped by demographic, role and school-based factors that mediate the likelihood of victimisation. However, very few studies have investigated the prevalence and correlates of offensive behaviour against school leaders. This study analysed 13,028 survey responses from the Australia Principal Occupational Health, Safety and Wellbeing survey that were completed between the years 2011 and 2019. The analysis determined the prevalence of bullying, threats of violence and physical violence against government school leaders, the main perpetrators of these offenses and the moderating effects of key socio-demographic factors. Results from the study demonstrated that considerable proportions of Australian government school leaders were subjected to offensive behaviour with an average (pooled) prevalence of 36.2% for bullying, 48.6% for threats of violence and 38.7% for physical violence. School leaders report that students and parents are responsible for most offensive behaviours, but that colleagues also contribute considerably to incidents of bullying. Our findings illustrate that offensive behaviours against Australian school leaders are very high and that particular groups of school leaders are at elevated risk of victimization, especially female school leaders and to a lesser extent assistant principals and those inner or outer regional areas.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1177/17411432211057350

Referens

Arnold, B., Rahimi, M., Riley, P. (2021). Offensive behaviours against school leaders: Prevalence, perpetrators and mediators in Australian government schools. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 1–17.

Building perspective awareness as a workplace practice

Andersson, P., Dellve, L., Gillberg, G. and Lindgren, H.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The present study aims to describe the implementation of a facilitated dialogue model intended to improve communication across professional logics and knowledge boundaries in two units of a large health-care organization in Sweden. Design/methodology/approach: This is a mixed-methods study with interviews, field observations and follow- up questionnaires that were conducted during the implementation process. Findings: The conclusion drawn in this study is that it is possible to change and improve the dialogue between health-care professionals with the help of a tailored, facilitated dialogue model. The authors found that different professional logics can indeed meet and share perspectives if the right conditions are provided. Moreover, an improved dialogue between different professional groups may contribute to work satisfaction, engagement, social cohesion and communication between professionals. Practical implications: This study shows that the right organizational conditions, such as support from managers, must exist if the model’s inherent possibilities are to be used. Inhouse facilitation may be a sustainable model for facilitated workplace dialogue when its implementation is supported by the overall organization. Originality/value: The contribution is an empirically based analysis of a new form of model for mediating perspectives within an organization with distinct professional roles. This study shows how, under the right conditions, the model can contribute to a perspective awareness and thus a more mature work organization.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1108/JWL-06-2021-0076

Referens

Andersson, P., Dellve, L., Gillberg, G. and Lindgren, H. (2022). Building perspective awareness as a workplace practice. Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol. 34 No. 4, 373-387.

Do good psychosocial working conditions prolong working lives? Findings from a prospective study in Sweden

Stengård, J., Leineweber, C., Virtanen, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Due to an ageing population, governments in European countries are striving to keep older workers longer in the workforce. Remarkably few studies have paid attention to the influence of psychosocial working conditions on timing of retirement for older workers in and beyond normative retirement age. The aim of the present study was to examine whether good psychosocial working conditions contribute to prolonged working lives among older workers (59 years and above). A particular question was whether such conditions increase in importance with age. Seven waves (2006–2018) of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) were used (N = 6000, observations = 10,632). Discrete-time event history analyses showed that higher levels of job resources (decision authority [OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06–1.22], skill use [OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.07–1.29], learning opportunities [OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.13–1.31], social support [OR 1.29 (95% CI 1.16–1.42], work-time control [OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.13], and reward [OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.24–1.57])—but not lower levels of job demands (quantitative and emotional demands or effort)—were associated with working longer (continued work two years later). Also, low effort-reward imbalance (OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.73–0.96]) was associated with working longer. In addition, skill use, work-time control, reward, and low effort-reward imbalance increased in importance with age for continued work. These results suggest that providing older workers with control over their work tasks, giving opportunities for learning and using their skills, as well as rewarding and acknowledging their achievements, may keep them in the workforce longer. Especially, job resources may grow in importance with age.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10433-021-00672-0

Referens

Stengård, J., Leineweber, C., Virtanen, M. et al. (2021). Do good psychosocial working conditions prolong working lives? Findings from a prospective study in Sweden. European Journal of Ageing.

Gender Differences in the Work and Home Spheres for Teachers, and Longitudinal Associations with Depressive Symptoms in a Swedish Cohort

Stengård, J., Mellner, C., Toivanen, S. et al.

Sammanfattning

The high level of stress among teachers is a frequently reported problem globally but less is known about how demands and resources among teachers affect depressive symptoms, and to what extent gender differences in these conditions can explain potential differences in depressive symptoms. The present study investigated gender differences in teachers’ self-reported depressive symptoms, and differences in their demands and resources in both work and home spheres. Associations between demands and resources, respectively, and depressive symptoms as well as gender differences in these associations were examined. Results from univariate and parallel growth modelling (N = 1,022), using data from six time points (2008 to 2018), found higher levels of depressive symptoms, higher emotional and quantitative work demands, and more time doing unpaid work among female teachers, whereas male teachers reported more time on leisure activities. Emotional and quantitative work demands were associated with depressive symptoms at baseline, and these associations also developed in parallel over time. Leisure time had a negative association with depressive symptoms at baseline. There were no gender differences in the strength of these associations. Findings suggest that gender differences in teachers’ depressive symptoms could be attributable to women’s greater demands in the work sphere and fewer resources in the home sphere than men as opposed to their being more vulnerable to workplace stressors.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1007/s11199-021-01261-2

Referens

Stengård, J., Mellner, C., Toivanen, S. et al. (2022). Gender Differences in the Work and Home Spheres for Teachers, and Longitudinal Associations with Depressive Symptoms in a Swedish Cohort. Sex Roles, 86, 159–178.

Exploring systematic and unsystematic change of dynamic leader behaviours: a weekly diary study on the relation between instrumental leadership, stress, and health change

Poethke, U., Klasmeier, K.N., Diebig, M.

Sammanfattning

Diary studies in the leadership literature have linked leader behaviours to several outcomes of followers. As a side effect, they demonstrated that leaders show a certain degree of dynamism of their behaviours across time. Building on conservation of resources theory, we put leader dynamism and its influence on followers into focus and develop a theoretical model integrating two forms of dynamic instrumental leadership – systematic and unsystematic leadership change – to explore how these two forms of leadership dynamism are related to linear change of followers’ stress and health over time. It is also tested whether these relationships are moderated by workload change. We collected data from 234 employees over nine weeks (N = 2,327 measurement points) in a weekly diary study. Results showed that systematic instrumental leadership change was positively related to health change, but not to stress change. Unsystematic instrumental leadership change was neither related to linear change in stress nor health. Different forms of workload change moderated the relation between both components of leadership change with stress and health. Our work provides answers to detrimental effects of dynamic leader behaviours on health-related follower outcomes over time by highlighting the dynamism of these relationships.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1080/1359432X.2021.2012458

Referens

Poethke, U., Klasmeier, K.N., Diebig, M. (2021). Exploring systematic and unsystematic change of dynamic leader behaviours: a weekly diary study on the relation between instrumental leadership, stress, and health change. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology.

Occupational Profile, Psychosocial Aspects, and Work Ability of Brazilian Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: IMPPAC Cohort

Andrade, M. A., Castro, C., Batistão, M. V., Mininel, V. A., & Sato, T. O.

Sammanfattning

Background: The IMPPAC cohort (Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychosocial aspects and work ability among Brazilian workers) seeks to understand the impact of the pandemic on Brazilian workers. This article describes the occupational profile, psychosocial aspects, and work ability determined during the baseline and follow-up measurements of the cohort. Methods: Workers were invited to participate through media advertisements, social networks, and e-mails. From June to September 2020, 1211 workers were included in the cohort. Follow-up measurements finished on October 2021 with 633 workers. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires using Google Forms. Psychosocial aspects were assessed using the COPSOQ II-Br. Work ability was assessed using the Work Ability Index (WAI). Results: At baseline and follow-up, high proportion of workers were in the risk zone with regard to work pace, emotional work demands, influence on work, work-family conflict, burnout, and stress. Approximately 75% of the workers reported good to excellent work ability at baseline and follow-up. Conclusion: The occupational profile, psychosocial aspects, and work ability of Brazilian workers from the IMPPAC cohort were described. Psychosocial aspects and WAI were similar at baseline and follow-up.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.shaw.2021.11.004

Referens

Andrade, M. A., Castro, C., Batistão, M. V., Mininel, V. A., & Sato, T. O. (2022). Occupational Profile, Psychosocial Aspects, and Work Ability of Brazilian Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: IMPPAC Cohort. Safety and health at work, 13(1), 104–111.

Does social support at home moderate the association between social support at work and work functioning among cancer patients?

Schallig, M.M.T., Bültmann, U., Ranchor, A.V. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aims of this study were to examine (1) the longitudinal associations of supervisor and colleague social support with work functioning in cancer patients who have returned to work and (2) the moderating role of social support at home. Methods: Data from the longitudinal Work Life after Cancer study were used (n = 384). Work functioning (low versus moderate to high work functioning) was measured with the validated Work Role Functioning Questionnaire 2.0. Social support at work was measured from both supervisor and colleagues with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Social support at home was measured with the Social Support List-Discrepancies. Logistic generalized estimating equations were used to analyse associations between supervisor and colleague social support and work functioning, and to examine the possible moderating effect of social support at home. Results: More supervisor (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.32) and colleague (1.13; 1.03, 1.24) social support were significantly associated with moderate to high work functioning. The association between colleague social support and work functioning was attenuated for those who did not experience enough social support at home but remained almost significant for supervisor social support (1.17; 1.00, 1.37). Conclusions: Supervisor social support is associated with better work functioning regardless of social support at home, while colleague social support is only associated with better work functioning when cancer patients experience enough social support at home. Implications for Cancer Survivors: Occupational physicians may play a key role in creating awareness that social support at work and at home are beneficial for cancer patients’ work functioning.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s11764-021-01132-5

Referens

Schallig, M.M.T., Bültmann, U., Ranchor, A.V. et al. (2021). Does social support at home moderate the association between social support at work and work functioning among cancer patients?. Journal of Cancer Survivorship.

Psychosocial Risk Factors on Mining Workers Processing Copper and Gold Minerals during Covid-19 Pandemic

Lestari, K. S., Muhamad, A. F., Susanto, A., Putro, E. K., Wilmot, J. C., Savira, Y. M., Listiarini, A., Zulfakar, D., & Sunarno, S. D. A. M.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: In the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, psychosocial issues as part of health and safety have become a popular mental health issue, particularly among gold and copper miners. This situation has led some companies to fire their unskilled and unproductive workers to minimize the production costs. However, there is no specific regulation for the workers that could be a barrier of this unpredicted situation. This condition mostly becomes a negative stressor for the workers at the jobsite. At some point, it develops to a critical health and safety condition known as risky and unhealthy behavior that brings to fatality. The aim of this research is to analyze the psychosocial risk factors that adversely affect the psychology of copper and gold mining workers during the pandemic. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with COPSOQ III, used to identify factors contributing to workers’ psychology, while Dolan & Arsenault’s questionnaire was used to analyze stress symptoms, with a Cronbach α value of 0.83-0.84. Results: Multivariate tests were conducted on the variables of work experience, body mass index, marital status, emotional demands, vertical trust, and organizational justice. Significance values were obtained for the variables of work experience (0.590 body mass index (0.517), marital status (0.122), emotional demands (0.187), vertical trust (0.000), and organizational justice (0.119). Of the six variables, only vertical trusthad a significant value. Conclusion: Psychological risk factors on copper and gold mining workers during the pandemic are only influenced by a vertical trust.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indonesien

Yrken

Gruvarbetare

DOI

10.20473/ijosh.v10i3.2021.309-315

Referens

Lestari, K. S., Muhamad, A. F., Susanto, A., Putro, E. K., Wilmot, J. C., Savira, Y. M., Listiarini, A., Zulfakar, D., & Sunarno, S. D. A. M. (2021). Psychosocial Risk Factors on Mining Workers Processing Copper and Gold Minerals during Covid-19 Pandemic. The Indonesian Journal Of Occupational Safety and Health, 10(3), 309–315.

Technostress and Digital Competence Among Health Professionals in Swiss Psychiatric Hospitals: Cross-sectional Study

Golz, C., Peter, K.A., Müller, T.J., Mutschler, J., Zwakhalen, S.M.G., Hahn, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychiatric hospitals are becoming increasingly digitized because of the disruptive rise in technical possibilities. This digitization leads to new tasks and demands for health professionals, which can have an impact on technostress. It is unclear whether digital competence reduces technostress and how technostress affects health professionals’ mental and physical health. Objective: This study aims to assess the association between digital competence and technostress, considering individual characteristics and the association between technostress and long-term consequences for health professionals. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 3 Swiss psychiatric hospitals were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The dependent variables for the models were digital competence, technostress, and long-term consequences (intention to leave the organization or the profession, burnout symptoms, job satisfaction, general health status, quality of sleep, headaches, and work ability). One model was calculated for each long-term consequence. The mean scores for technostress and digital competence could range between 0 (fully disagree) and 4 (fully agree), where a high value for technostress indicated high technostress and a high value for digital competence indicated high digital competence. Results: The sample comprised 493 health professionals in psychiatric hospitals. They rated their technostress as moderate (mean 1.30, SD 0.55) and their digital competence as high (mean 2.89, SD 0.73). Digital competence was found to be significantly associated with technostress (β=−.20; P<.001). Among the individual characteristics, age (β=.004; P=.03) and profession were significantly associated with both digital competence and technostress. Technostress is a relevant predictor of burnout symptoms (β=10.32; P<.001), job satisfaction (β=−6.08; P<.001), intention to leave the profession (β=4.53; P=.002), organization (β=7.68; P<.001), general health status (β=−4.47; P<.001), quality of sleep (β=−5.87; P<.001), headaches (β=6.58; P<.001), and work ability (β=−1.40; P<.001). Conclusions: Physicians and nurses who have more interaction with digital technologies rate their technostress higher and their digital competence lower than those in other professions. Health professionals with low interaction with digital technologies appear to overestimate their digital competence. With increasing digitization in psychiatric hospitals, an increase in the relevance of this topic is expected. Educational organizations and psychiatric hospitals should proactively promote the digital competence of health professionals to manage expected disruptive changes.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.2196/31408

Referens

Golz, C., Peter, K.A., Müller, T.J., Mutschler, J., Zwakhalen, S.M.G., Hahn, S. (2021). Technostress and Digital Competence Among Health Professionals in Swiss Psychiatric Hospitals: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR Ment Health, 8(11, e31408.

COPSOQ III in Germany: validation of a standard instrument to measure psychosocial factors at work

Lincke, HJ., Vomstein, M., Lindner, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Over the last almost 20 years COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) has become a well-established instrument to measure psychosocial stress at work. In Germany, a first validated version of COPSOQ was introduced in 2005. After the COPSOQ international network took over responsibility for the development of COPSOQ, a new version was published in 2019 (COPSOQ III). The German version of this questionnaire is now to be validated. Methods: Measurement qualities of German COPSOQ III are explored in adherence to the to the usual requirements of a validation study as defined by DIN EN ISO 10075-3. A sample of observations from more than 250,000 participants surveyed with the COPSOQ in Germany is used for univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. Results: With its 84 items the German COPSOQ III includes all psychosocial work factors that are internationally obligatory and is still compatible with almost 70% of the content in the 2005 German version. Typical psychometric properties of the questionnaire (e. g., validity and reliability) are either good or very good for most of the 84 items and 31 scales. Beyond basic results, congruences with widely used theoretical approaches like the Demand-Control(−Support) model or the Job Demands-Resources model are generally satisfactory. Conclusions: With the launch of COPSOQ III in Germany, new workplace psychosocial aspects could be explored. Like the preceding version, the questionnaire is a highly useful instrument for research as well as for risk assessment in enterprises. COSPQO III covers a multitude of theoretical approaches and gives comprehensive information on psychosocial working conditions to deduce actions for their improvement.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12995-021-00331-1

Referens

Lincke, HJ., Vomstein, M., Lindner, A. et al. (2021). COPSOQ III in Germany: validation of a standard instrument to measure psychosocial factors at work. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 16, 50.

An approach to employees’ job performance through work environmental variables and leadership behaviours

López-Cabarcos, M.A., Vázquez-Rodríguez, P., Quiñoá-Piñeiro, L.M.

Sammanfattning

This study examines how the combined effects of work environmental factors and leadership behaviours lead to the presence (or absence) of industrial employees job performance by applying fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). A sample composed of supervisor-subordinate dyads was used to test the propositions of this study. The results show that the most important variables are transformational leadership and social support. Employee empowerment and task significance seem to play a secondary role in leading to employee job performance. These findings support the need for managers to use positive leadership to manage human resources. This paper contributes to the advancement of the knowledge of employee job performance through the identification of the combinations of conditions that can lead to the presence or absence of this important organizational outcome. Directions for future studies are commented on at the end of the paper.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.006

Referens

López-Cabarcos, M.A., Vázquez-Rodríguez, P., Quiñoá-Piñeiro, L.M. (2022). An approach to employees’ job performance through work environmental variables and leadership behaviours. Journal of Business Research, 140, 361-369.

Informal care-giving and the intention to give up employment: the role of perceived supervisor behaviour in a cohort of German employees

Montano, D., Peter, R.

Sammanfattning

Current social policies in the European Union addressing employment, retirement and long-term care are expected to result in increasing employment rates among informal carers. The present investigation contributes to previous research by focusing on how specific work-related factors, in this case supervisor behaviour, may facilitate the fulfilment of the demands arising from paid work and care and ultimately influence the desire to give up employment. To this end, population data from the German Cohort Study on Work, Age, Health and Work Participation conducted in 2011 and 2014 are analysed (n = 3916). Three research hypotheses investigating the associations between care-giving, supervisor behaviour, the intention to give up employment and work-private-life conflict are tested by means of cumulative link models. The results suggest that the intention to give up employment is stronger among employed carers. In addition, the perception that one’s supervisor is considerate towards subordinates and is effective in planning, coordinating work and solving conflicts is found to be negatively related to the desire to give up employment, especially among carers. The statistical analyses reveal that supervisor behaviour mediates the association between the level of work-private-life conflict and the intention to give up employment. It is concluded that the working conditions may exert a substantial influence on the levels of psychosocial load carers experience by facilitating or hindering the extent to which carers are allowed to accommodate their work schedules and job assignments to the conflicting demands of their dual role as workers and carers.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10433-021-00660-4

Referens

Montano, D., Peter, R. (2021). Informal care-giving and the intention to give up employment: the role of perceived supervisor behaviour in a cohort of German employees. Eur J Ageing.

Migrant domestic workers' character strengths and the role of work-related factors: A strengths-based perspective

Nalipay, M.J.N., King, R.B., Garabiles, M.R., Capio, C.M. and Yeung, S.S.S.

Sammanfattning

Most studies on migrant domestic workers (MDW) focus on their problems and vulnerabilities, whereas not much is known about their positive attributes and character strengths. Hence, this study intends to deviate from the usual deficit-based view of MDW, which portrays them as victims, to a strengths-based perspective, which highlights their character strengths. In this study, we examined MDW's character strengths (i.e. positive human attributes that contribute to the thriving of oneself and others) and work-related factors associated with it. The participants of the study were 631 Filipino female MDW in Hong Kong. We examined how work-related factors (employer support and working conditions) predicted different character strength domains (courage, humanity, justice, moderation, transcendence and wisdom) through strengths use. Results of structural equation modelling revealed that employer support consistently predicted all six domains of character strengths through increased strengths use. These findings highlight the important role of employer support on MDW's character strengths. More importantly, it can raise critical awareness on MDW's strengths and well-being, and provide a platform for future strengths-based programmes and policies.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Hong Kong

Yrken

Hembiträde

DOI

10.1002/ijop.12819

Referens

Nalipay, M.J.N., King, R.B., Garabiles, M.R., Capio, C.M. and Yeung, S.S.S. (2022). Migrant domestic workers' character strengths and the role of work-related factors: A strengths-based perspective. Int J Psychol.

A Mixed Methods Analysis of Case Manager Stress at A Homelessness Services Center

Twis, M., Petrovich, J., Cronley, C., Nordberg, A., Woody, D.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Extant literature has demonstrated connections between workplace environment and worker stress, as well as between worker stress and direct service provision. Current research on direct service provision to people experiencing homelessness, however, has not established a clear association between the workplace environment and the quality of direct services provided to clients receiving case management. This study extends the existing research by establishing connections between all of these constructs, specifically within the context of case management services to people experiencing homelessness. Method: For this mixed methods study, the authors sampled 16 case managers providing direct services to people experiencing homelessness in one homelessness services organization (HSO) in a large metropolitan area. Through focus group interviews and web-based surveys, the authors collected data on the workplace environment, worker stress, and direct service provision. The authors then analyzed the data using a concurrent nested approach for mixed methods analysis. Results: The results of this study suggest that case managers in homelessness HSOs often experience a stressful workplace environment due to workplace cultural norms, inefficient processes, and high expectations placed upon them by both clients and administrators. The stressful workplace environment can interact with client trauma to produce secondary traumatic stress in direct service providers, which then influences client-case manager rapport development. Discussion: Study findings point toward specific policies and practices that homelessness HSOs ought to adopt in order to mitigate case managers’ workplace stress and secondary traumatic stress, and negative influences of these stressors on rapport development between case managers and clients experiencing homelessness.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.1080/26408066.2021.1989355

Referens

Twis, M., Petrovich, J., Cronley, C., Nordberg, A., Woody, D. (2021). A Mixed Methods Analysis of Case Manager Stress at A Homelessness Services Center. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 19:1, 19-41.

Online teaching in radiology as a pilot model for modernizing medical education: results of an international study in cooperation with the ESR

Stoehr, F., Müller, L., Brady, A.P. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Due to the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it proved necessary to rapidly change medical education from on-site to online teaching. Thus, medical educators were forced to rethink the purpose of teaching and the best form of transmission of knowledge. In cooperation with the European Society of Radiology (ESR), we investigated the attitudes of radiologists in Europe and North America toward innovative online teaching concepts. Methods: In total, 224 radiologists from 31 different countries participated in our cross-sectional, web-based survey study. On a 7-point Likert scale, participants had to answer 27 questions about the online teaching situation before/during the pandemic, technical and social aspects of online teaching and the future role of online teaching in radiology. Results: An overwhelming majority stated that radiology is particularly well-suited for online teaching (91%), that online teaching should play a more prominent role after the pandemic (73%) and that lecturers should be familiar with online teaching techniques (89%). Difficulties include a higher workload in preparing online courses (59%), issues with motivating students to follow online courses (56%) and the risk of social isolation (71%). Before the pandemic, only 12% of teaching was provided online; for the future, our participants deemed a proportion of approximately 50% online teaching appropriate. Conclusion: Our participants are open-minded about online teaching in radiology. As the best way of transferring knowledge in medical education is still unclear, online teaching offers potential for innovation in radiology education. To support online teaching development, a structured, framework-based “online curriculum” should be established.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Blandat

Yrken

Radiologer

DOI

10.1186/s13244-021-01092-5

Referens

Stoehr, F., Müller, L., Brady, A.P. et al. (2021). Online teaching in radiology as a pilot model for modernizing medical education: results of an international study in cooperation with the ESR. Insights Imaging, 12, 141.

The effects of psychological risk factors at work on cognitive failures through the accident proneness

Abbasi, M., Falahati, M., Kaydani, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Various agents such as psychosocial items and accident proneness can affect cognitive failures through different paths. The probable paths are the direct effects of workplace psychosocial items on cognitive failures and their indirect effects on cognitive failures through the mediator variable of accident proneness, which has not yet been studied by others. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate these paths. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 male employees of Karoon Sugar Company in 2018. The participants were asked to complete a background and demographic questionnaire, Broadbent cognitive failures scale, accident proneness questionnaire, and Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire. Obtained data were analyzed and modeled using the statistical descriptive method, ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson correlation test, and path analysis in the SPSS and AMOS software. Results: The results of the path analysis showed that, not only, some psychosocial risk items had a significant direct effect on cognitive failures, but also, they could affect cognitive failures through the accident proneness, indirectly. Work-family conflict and social support from supervisors by coefficients of 0.188 and – 0.187 had the highest direct effects, respectively. The highest indirect effects belonged to justice and respect, and work-family conflict by coefficients of - 0.220 and 0.199, respectively. The highest total effects were also related to the work-family conflict and justice and respect by coefficients of 0.387 and – 0.381, respectively. Conclusions: In total, our results showed that some psychological items could, directly and indirectly, increase cognitive failure through accident proneness.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1186/s40359-021-00669-5

Referens

Abbasi, M., Falahati, M., Kaydani, M. et al. (2021). The effects of psychological risk factors at work on cognitive failures through the accident proneness. BMC Psychol, 9, 162.

Multi-level analysis of individual and work environment factors associated with nurses' perceived emotional exhaustion

Clari, M., Gonella, S., Gatti, P., Garzaro, G., Paleologo, M., Cortese, C. G., & Dimonte, V.

Sammanfattning

Background: Several factors at the individual- and work environment-level were suggested to correlate with emotional exhaustion development in nurses. Aim: To explore nurses' perceived emotional exhaustion and associated factors by employing hierarchical modelling techniques. Methods: 1539 nurses completed the cross-sectional survey. Generalized Linear Mixed Model was performed to identify predictors of emotional exhaustion. Results: At the individual level, female gender, high workload and emotional job demands increased the risk of emotional exhaustion; instead, higher education, satisfaction with the role of follower, perceiving nursing profession as meaningful, feeling independent at work, and group closeness were protective factors. At the work environment level, hospital ward type did not affect emotional exhaustion. Conclusions: Emotional exhaustion is largely influenced by ward culture and organizational policies, and to a lower extent by socio-demographic variables. Moreover, it emerges as an intrinsic risk of the nursing profession rather than being associated with the clinical area profile.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.apnr.2021.151514

Referens

Clari, M., Gonella, S., Gatti, P., Garzaro, G., Paleologo, M., Cortese, C. G., & Dimonte, V. (2021). Multi-level analysis of individual and work environment factors associated with nurses' perceived emotional exhaustion. Applied nursing research, 63, 151514.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the short version of COPSOQ II-Brazil

Gonçalves, J. S., Moriguchi, C. S., Chaves, T. C., & Sato, T. O.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Translate and culturally adapt the short version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) into Brazilian Portuguese (COPSOQ II-Br) and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: Translation and cultural adaptation followed the standardized guidelines. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factorial analysis. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC3,1) and internal consistency by Cronbach’s alpha. Floor and ceiling effect was considered acceptable if less than 15% of participants reported the lowest or highest scores. Measurement error was assessed by standard error of measurement (SEM), while construct validity was tested by correlating the COPSOQ II-Br, the Job Content Questionnaire and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: The study evaluated a total of 211 civil servants and service providers in the test and 157 in the retest. After cross-cultural adaptation, the COPSOQ II-Br structure comprised seven domains and 11 dimensions. Most dimensions showed acceptable floor and ceiling effects, excepting “Work family conflicts” (floor effect of 26.1%), and “Meaning and commitment” and “Job satisfaction,” with ceiling floor of 27.5% and 22.3%, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha values reached the recommended levels (varied between 0.70 and 0.87). Test-retest reliability indicated that all dimensions had ICC between 0.71 and 0.81. SEM ranged from 0.6 to 2.2 and the construct validity showed good results with the tested instruments (significant positive and negative correlations). Conclusions: All psychometric properties of the short version COPSOQ II-Br are suitable for use in Brazil. The instrument is thus validated and can be used by occupational health and human resources professionals to evaluate psychosocial working conditions.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Offentliganställda tjänstemän

DOI

10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003123

Referens

Gonçalves, J. S., Moriguchi, C. S., Chaves, T. C., & Sato, T. O. (2021). Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the short version of COPSOQ II-Brazil. Revista de saude publica, 55, 69.

Supporting participation in paid work of cancer survivors and their partners in the Netherlands: protocol of the SusTained Employability in cancer Patients and their partnerS (STEPS) multi-centre randomized controlled trial and cohort study

Zegers, A.D., Coenen, P., Bültmann, U. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Many cancer survivors experience physical and/or psychosocial problems affecting return to work (RTW) and work retention. Current interventions on RTW lack evidence regarding effectiveness, while interventions for work retention are missing. Partners of cancer survivors may also experience work- and health-related outcomes; yet, these consequences are not well understood. Here, the protocol of the STEPS study is described. The study aims are to: 1) evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness of a rehabilitation program for RTW and work retention in cancer survivors, and 2) assess health- and work-related outcomes among cancer survivors’ partners. Methods: In a multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), 236 working-age cancer survivors with an employment contract will be randomly allocated to a usual care group or an intervention group receiving a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program, combining occupational therapy facilitating work retention (e.g., energy management and self-efficacy training) and reintegration consultation addressing work-related issues (e.g., RTW planning and discussing workplace or task modifications with the supervisor). Alongside the RCT, a prospective cohort study will be conducted among cancer survivors’ partners (n = 267). Participants in the RCT and cohort study will be asked to complete questionnaires at baseline, and after six and 12 months, assessing work- and health-related outcomes. Generalized estimating equations will be used to assess intervention’s effectiveness, compared to usual care, regarding primary (i.e., working hours per week) and secondary outcomes. Also economic and process evaluations will be performed. For the cohort study, logistic or linear regression modelling will be applied assessing work- and health-related outcomes (primary outcome: working hours) of cancer survivors’ partners, and what factors predict these outcomes. Results: The study is planned to start in September 2021; results are expected in 2023. Conclusion: Compared to usual care, the STEPS intervention is hypothesized to be (cost-)effective and the intervention could be a valuable addition to standard care helping cancer survivors to sustain employment. Further, it is expected that living with a cancer survivor has a substantial impact on work and health of partners, while specific groups of partners that are at particular risk for this impact are likely to be identified. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register (NTR;NL9094; 15-12-2020).

År

2021

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-021-11865-8

Referens

Zegers, A.D., Coenen, P., Bültmann, U. et al. (2021). Supporting participation in paid work of cancer survivors and their partners in the Netherlands: protocol of the SusTained Employability in cancer Patients and their partnerS (STEPS) multi-centre randomized controlled trial and cohort study. BMC Public Health, 21, 1844.

An internet-based compassion course for healthcare professionals: Rationale and protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Bratt, A. S., Johansson, M., Holmberg, M., Fagerström, C., Elmqvist, C., Rusnergh, M., Kaldoai, V.

Sammanfattning

Background: Severe stress is one of the most common causes of sick leave in Sweden. Previous research has shown that compassion interventions for healthcare professionals can decrease work-related stress through the introduction of self-care, self-awareness, and emotion regulation abilities when experiencing difficult situations. Internet-based stress management interventions have hitherto shown promising results in reducing stress. However, further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of internet-based compassion interventions for healthcare professionals. Objective: In the present study protocol, a randomised controlled trial is described, aiming to examine the effects of an internet-based compassion course for healthcare professionals on work-related stress and stress of conscience. Method: Healthcare professionals will be offered an internet-based stress management course of five modules across a period of five weeks. The design is a randomised controlled study consisting of three groups enrolled in one of the following: a compassion course (n = 120), a cognitive behavioural stress management course (n = 120), or placed on a waitlist followed by either the compassion course or the cognitive behavioural stress management course (n = 36). We hypothesise that the internet-based compassion course would reduce the participants’ stress of conscience to a greater degree compared to the other two groups. The secondary hypothesis is that the compassion course would increase the participants’ professional quality of life (i.e., higher job satisfaction and lower empathy fatigue) and self-compassion. In addition, the internet-based compassion course is expected to reduce the participants’ work-related stress and sick leave rates to the same degree (non-inferiority) as the cognitive behavioural stress management course and to a higher degree when compared to the waitlist condition. The primary outcome measure is the Stress of Conscience Questionnaire (SCQ) and the secondary outcome measures are the Professional Quality of Life Scale (PROQOL), the Work-related Stress Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), and the Self-compassion Scale (SCS). Assessments will be performed at baseline, four weekly assessments during treatment, post-treatment (5 weeks), and follow-ups at 10 weeks, 15 weeks, and 6 months. The repeated measures data will be analysed using a generalised estimating equation for repeated measurements to examine whether changes over time differ between the groups and whether the improvements persist over time. Discussion: The clinical trial is expected to provide novel data on the effects of compassion interventions and add to the existing knowledge of internet-based interventions for stress management in healthcare professionals.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.invent.2021.100463

Referens

Bratt, A. S., Johansson, M., Holmberg, M., Fagerström, C., Elmqvist, C., Rusnergh, M., Kaldoai, V. (2021). An internet-based compassion course for healthcare professionals: Rationale and protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Internet Interventions.

Psychosocial Working Conditions Play an Important Role in the Return-to-Work Process After Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty

Kamp, T., Brouwer, S., Hylkema, T.H. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Both personal and work-related factors affect return to work (RTW) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Little is known about work-related factors associated with the recovery process. This study aimed to determine which work-related factors are associated with time to RTW for both TKA and THA patients. Methods: A prospective multicenter survey study was conducted that included patients aged 18–63, had a paid job and were scheduled to undergo primary TKA/THA. Surveys were completed preoperatively, 6 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and included four domains of work-related factors: work characteristics, physical working conditions, psychosocial working conditions and work adjustments. Control variables included age, sex, education, and comorbidity. Time to RTW was defined as days from surgery until RTW. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted separately for TKA/THA patients. Results: Enrolled were 246 patients (n = 146 TKA, n = 100 THA, median age 56 years, 57% female). Median time to RTW was 79 days (IQR 52.0–146.0). Mainly physical tasks (TKA: B 58.2, 95%CI 9.5–106.8; THA: B 52.1, 95%CI 14.1–90.2) and a combination of physical and mental tasks (TKA: B 50.2, 95%CI 6.4–94.0; THA B 54.0, 95%CI 24.2–83.7) were associated with longer time to RTW after both TKA and THA. More possibilities for personal job development (B − 12.8, 95%CI − 25.3–0.4) and more work recognition (B − 13.2, 95%CI − 25.5 to − 0.9) were significantly associated with shorter time to RTW after TKA. Higher quality of supervisor leadership (B − 14.1, 95%CI − 22.2 to − 6.0) was significantly associated with shorter time to RTW after THA. Conclusion: The findings of this study stress the importance of psychosocial working conditions, besides type of job tasks, in RTW after TKA/THA. Further research on work-related factors is needed, as arthroplasty is being performed on an increasingly younger population of knee and hip OA patients for whom participating in work is of critical importance.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10926-021-10006-7

Referens

Kamp, T., Brouwer, S., Hylkema, T.H. et al. (2021). Psychosocial Working Conditions Play an Important Role in the Return-to-Work Process After Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation.

Job quality trajectories among baby-boomers in Germany and their consequences for the motivation to work – results from the lidA cohort study

Stiller, M., Garthe, N., & Hasselhorn, H.

Sammanfattning

In light of a large proportion of older workers leaving the German labour market in the near future, policy makers aim to extend working lives to ensure sustainability of the social security system. In this context, safe and healthy working conditions are considered a precondition for encouraging employment participation. To understand better the role of the work environment in pre-retirement years, we draw upon an established model of five job quality profiles for the German ageing workforce. We explored seven-year profile development and linked selected manual and non-manual job quality trajectories to the motivation to work (MTW) using data from the 2011, 2014 and 2018 assessments of the lidA cohort study (valid N = 2,863). We found that older workers shifted to physically less-demanding profiles. Individual profile stability was prevalent among one-third of the workers. In 2018, there was a higher MTW when job quality remained favourable or improved early, while later improvements were associated with lower MTW. Early deterioration of job quality was associated with lower MTW levels among workers with non-manual trajectories only. The results highlight the dynamic job quality situation of the older German workforce and the importance of adopting a person-centred perspective when investigating working conditions and its effects. They further underline the need to consider quality of work when designing and implementing strategies to extend working lives.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1017/S0144686X21001343

Referens

Stiller, M., Garthe, N., & Hasselhorn, H. (2021). Job quality trajectories among baby-boomers in Germany and their consequences for the motivation to work – results from the lidA cohort study. Ageing and Society, 1-23.

Longitudinal Reciprocal Relationships Between the Psychosocial Work Environment and Burnout

Shahidi, F. V., Smith, P. M., Oudyk, J. MSc., Gignac, M. A.M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine longitudinal reciprocal relationships between the psychosocial work environment and burnout. Methods: We used two-wave cross-lagged panel models to estimate associations between a wide range of psychosocial work factors (ie, job demands, job control, job insecurity, coworker support, supervisor support, and organizational justice) and burnout in a broadly representative sample of the general working population in Canada (n = 453). Results: Bidirectional associations between the psychosocial work environment and burnout were observed. Results supported the causal predominance of psychosocial work factors over burnout. Higher job demands, lower job control, higher job insecurity, and lower organizational justice predicted burnout over time. Burnout only predicted lower supervisor support over time. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that stress at work is better understood as a cause rather than a consequence of burnout in the general working population. Our findings highlight the importance of the psychosocial work environment as a structural determinant of burnout. To fully realize their potential benefits, workplace mental health interventions should consider and explicitly address the role that adverse psychosocial working conditions play in the development and maintenance of mental health problems.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1097/JOM.0000000000002396

Referens

Shahidi, F. V., Smith, P. M., Oudyk, J. MSc., Gignac, M. A.M. (2022). Longitudinal Reciprocal Relationships Between the Psychosocial Work Environment and Burnout. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 64(3), 226-235.

The Show Must Go On. The Effects of Crisis on Health-Oriented Leadership and Follower Exhaustion During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Klebe, L., Klug, K., Felfe, J.

Sammanfattning

By disrupting routines at work, the Covid-19 pandemic may have undermined the extent and effectiveness of health-oriented leadership (HoL) in terms of staff-care and self-care. In a survey with two measurement points in the spring of 2020 (Nt1=264; Nt2=123), we examined whether the stronger the crisis the lower HoL is, while becoming more effective in terms of follower health. Crisis severity turned out to be indirectly related to exhaustion via staff-care and self-care. Staff-care was more effective for follower health the stronger the crisis was. The results were largely supported in a subsample when exhaustion was measured 1 week later. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic was indirectly related to crisis severity via hindrance stressors. Findings underline that staff-care was jeopardized but gained in importance during the pandemic. By displaying staff-care, leaders can buffer negative crisis effects on followers. Organizations should strengthen HoL to protect the health of both leaders and followers during crises.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1026/0932-4089/a000369

Referens

Klebe, L., Klug, K., Felfe, J. (2021). The Show Must Go On. The Effects of Crisis on Health-Oriented Leadership and Follower Exhaustion During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O, 65:4, 231-243.

Health outcomes and psychosocial risk exposures among healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak

Moreno Martínez, M., Fernández-Cano, M. I., Feijoo-Cid, M., Llorens Serrano, C., & Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

The aim is to describe the health and psychosocial risk factors of Spanish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study by means of an online questionnaire (April-May 2020). The data comes from the database resulting from the COTS project "Working conditions, insecurity, and health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic". The sample consisted of 1989 health care workers. Results: Women, young people (doctors and nurses) and the middle-aged (assistants) had poorer health and greater exposure to psychosocial risks. Geriatric assistants were the most-affected occupational group. Conclusions: gender, occupation, and age are focuses of inequality in the exposure of health care workers to psychosocial risks.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105499

Referens

Moreno Martínez, M., Fernández-Cano, M. I., Feijoo-Cid, M., Llorens Serrano, C., & Navarro, A. (2022). Health outcomes and psychosocial risk exposures among healthcare workers during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. Safety science, 145.

Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes: a multicohort study in four European countries

Ervasti, J., Pentti, J., Nyberg, S. T., Shipley, M. J., Leineweber, C., Sørensen, J. K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Knutsson, A., Madsen, I., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Oksanen, T., Pejtersen, J. H., Rugulies, R., Suominen, S., Theorell, T., Westerlund, H., Vahtera, J., … Kivimäki, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Studies on the association between long working hours and health have captured only a narrow range of outcomes (mainly cardiometabolic diseases and depression) and no outcome-wide studies on this topic are available. To achieve wider scope of potential harm, we examined long working hours as a risk factor for a wide range of disease and mortality endpoints. Methods: The data of this multicohort study were from two population cohorts from Finland (primary analysis, n=59 599) and nine cohorts (replication analysis, n=44 262) from Sweden, Denmark, and the UK, all part of the Individual-participant Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) consortium. Baseline-assessed long working hours (≥55 hours per week) were compared to standard working hours (35-40 h). Outcome measures with follow-up until age 65 years were 46 diseases that required hospital treatment or continuous pharmacotherapy, all-cause, and three cause-specific mortality endpoints, ascertained via linkage to national health and mortality registers. Findings: 2747 (4·6%) participants in the primary cohorts and 3027 (6·8%) in the replication cohorts worked long hours. After adjustment for age, sex, and socioeconomic status, working long hours was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio 1·68; 95% confidence interval 1·08-2·61 in primary analysis and 1·52; 0·90-2·58 in replication analysis), infections (1·37; 1·13-1·67 and 1·45; 1·13-1·87), diabetes (1·18; 1·01-1·38 and 1·41; 0·98-2·02), injuries (1·22; 1·00-1·50 and 1·18; 0·98-1·18) and musculoskeletal disorders (1·15; 1·06-1·26 and 1·13; 1·00-1·27). Working long hours was not associated with all-cause mortality. Interpretation: Follow-up of 50 health outcomes in four European countries suggests that working long hours is associated with an elevated risk of early cardiovascular death and hospital-treated infections before age 65. Associations, albeit weak, were also observed with diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. In these data working long hours was not related to elevated overall mortality.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100212

Referens

Ervasti, J., Pentti, J., Nyberg, S. T., Shipley, M. J., Leineweber, C., Sørensen, J. K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Knutsson, A., Madsen, I., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Oksanen, T., Pejtersen, J. H., Rugulies, R., Suominen, S., Theorell, T., Westerlund, H., Vahtera, J., … Kivimäki, M. (2021). Long working hours and risk of 50 health conditions and mortality outcomes: a multicohort study in four European countries. The Lancet regional health. Europé, 11.

Burdens, resources, health and wellbeing of nurses working in general and specialised palliative care in Germany – results of a nationwide cross-sectional survey study

Diehl, E., Rieger, S., Letzel, S. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Palliative care in Germany is divided into general (GPC) and specialised palliative care (SPC). Although palliative care will become more important in the care sector in future, there is a large knowledge gab, especially with regard to GPC. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the burdens, resources, health and wellbeing of nurses working in GPC and SPC. Such information will be helpful for developing prevention programs in order to reduce burdens and to strengthen resources of nurses. Methods: In 2017, a nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted. In total, 437 nurses in GPC and 1316 nurses in SPC completed a questionnaire containing parts of standardised instruments, which included parts of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the Resilience Scale (RS-13) Questionnaire, a single question about back pain from the health survey conducted by the Robert Koch Institute as well as self-developed questions. The differences in the variables between GPC and SPC nurses were compared. Results: SPC nurses reported higher emotional demands as well as higher burdens due to nursing care and the care of relatives while GPC nurses stated higher quantitative demands, i.e. higher workload. SPC nurses more often reported organisational and social resources that were helpful in dealing with the demands of their work. Regarding health, GPC nurses stated a poorer health status and reported chronic back pain as well as a major depressive disorder more frequently than SPC nurses. Furthermore, GPC nurses reported a higher intention to leave the profession compared to SPC nurses. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that SPC could be reviewed as the best practice example for nursing care in Germany. The results may be used for developing target group specific prevention programs for improving health and wellbeing of nurses taking the differences between GPC and SPC into account. Finally, interventional and longitudinal studies should be conducted in future to determine causality in the relationship of burdens, resources, health and wellbeing.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1186/s12912-021-00687-z

Referens

Diehl, E., Rieger, S., Letzel, S. et al. (2021). Burdens, resources, health and wellbeing of nurses working in general and specialised palliative care in Germany – results of a nationwide cross-sectional survey study. BMC Nurs, 20, 162.

Illegitimate tasks: obstacles to trans equality at work

García Johnson, C.P. and Otto, K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aims to explore the relationship between the reported frequency of illegitimate tasks undertaken at work (FREQIT) and gender identity among cisgender individuals and persons with a (?) transgender or gender non-conforming (TGNC) identity. Design/methodology/approach: This research combines an experimental approach with a field-study. Study 1 contained a vignette experiment where participants reported their likelihood to assign illegitimate tasks (IT) to either a cisgender or a TGNC employee. Study 2 measured perceptions of tasks-illegitimacy (PERTI), FREQIT, perceptions of organisational gender climate (PGC), burnout and intention to quit among a sample of cisgender and TGNC participants. Findings: In Study 1, individuals in a supervisory position were more likely to assign IT to TGNC than cisgender employees. In Study 2, gender identity influenced burnout, intentions to quit and PGC, serially mediated by PERTI and FREQIT. The results from Study 2 did not support the initial model, which proposed that lower PERTI would lead TGNC employees to report a higher FREQIT, leading to lower occupational well-being scores. Instead, TGNC participants’ burnout, intention to quit and PGC scores improved as a consequence of their lower PERTI. However, when comparing cisgender and TGNC individuals, the latter presented higher levels of burnout, intentions to quit and lower PGC scores. Originality/value: This is the first study measuring the effects of IT on TGNC individuals’ occupational well-being. It underscores the importance to reduce cisgender biases and transphobia and to address IT as obstacles to trans equality in the workplace.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Studenter

DOI

10.1108/GM-04-2020-0118

Referens

García Johnson, C.P. and Otto, K. (2021). Illegitimate tasks: obstacles to trans equality at work. Gender in Management.

Eating habits and lifestyle changes among higher studies students post-lockdown in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional study

Md Mahbubul Alam Shaun, Md Wahidur Rahman Nizum, Shahnaz Munny, Fahmida Fayeza, Sujan Kanti Mali, Mohammad Tazrian Abid, Al- Riaj Hasan

Sammanfattning

Background: The Coronavirus is still exhibiting cases in Bangladesh thus educational institutes are still ceased over one year, it becomes burdens to students at post lockdown period. Objectives: Identifying the changes in eating habits and lifestyles including, physical activity, sleeping hours, and sleep quality after the cancellation of lockdown than the period of restrictions. Methods: A quasi-experimental cross-sectional study was conducted among 394 students in Bangladesh using a structured questionnaire from February 3, 2021, to February 13, 2021. Results: Consuming homemade foods drops by 8.63% at post lockdown than lockdown period. At post lockdown, 26.67% of students gained weight whereas 47.46% of respondents never engaged in any physical works. There has been a significant correlation between weight gain and physical activities (p = 0.007). Not continuing the academic activities from home was significantly associated with weight changes (AOR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.95), meals per day (AOR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.79, 5.92), screen time for entertainment (AOR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.78, 5.33), sleeping hours (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.30, 3.83), and sleep quality (AOR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.35, 4.23) whereas female gender was related to meals per day (AOR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.95) and sleep quality (AOR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.85). However, 43.91% of respondents never felt any sleep disturbances. The rates of students who always experienced mentally tired, resentment, and sadness at post lockdown was lower than lockdown period. All of these changes were significant (p < 0.000) in terms of the lockdown situation. Conclusions: This study shows notable changes in eating habits and lifestyles after lockdown which may indicate the tendency to adopt normal life than restrictions.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Bangladesh

Yrken

Studenter

DOI

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07843

Referens

Md Mahbubul Alam Shaun, Md Wahidur Rahman Nizum, Shahnaz Munny, Fahmida Fayeza, Sujan Kanti Mali, Mohammad Tazrian Abid, Al- Riaj Hasan (2021). Eating habits and lifestyle changes among higher studies students post-lockdown in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional study. Heliyon, 7 (8), e07843.

Development and validation of an occupational health triage tool

Steel, J.S., Luyten, J., Godderis, L.

Sammanfattning

Background: As work and health are closely interlinked, it is important to carefully monitor employees. However, limited resources restrict in-depth follow-up. Aims: This study was aimed to develop a low-cost screening instrument for employees’ overall health status, that can be used across industries and that allows triaging workers to in-depth health surveillance in case of indications of health or functioning problems. Methods: We developed a new questionnaire-based algorithm built on multiple predictors to assess the need for further follow-up. We used a systematic review, Delphi panel (n = 9) and focus group (n = 5) to determine the predictors, tested for language pitfalls in a pilot study and evaluated the questionnaire’s validity in two separate studies. Study 1 (n = 60) analysed the discriminatory power of the instrument by comparing it to the assessment of an occupational physician in a sample of employees from diverse occupational settings. Study 2 (n = 869) appraised the factor structure and internal consistency of the screening tool in a sample of employees from the hospital sector. Results: Risk factors, current physical and mental health, functioning, absenteeism, job satisfaction and lifestyle were identified as the most relevant predictors. Study 1 showed the survey had good criterion validity (area under the curve = 0.72). Study 2 (N = 869, 28% response) demonstrated the internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.94), and a factor analysis confirmed a second-order factor structure with adequate model fit (comparative fit index = 0.96, root mean square error of approximation = 0.04 and standardized root mean square residual = 0.07). Conclusions: This questionnaire can be used to triage workers for occupational health follow-up and can, additionally, be useful to describe the epidemiology of work-related illness.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqab101

Referens

Steel, J.S., Luyten, J., Godderis, L. (2021). Development and validation of an occupational health triage tool. Occupational Medicine, Vol 71 (6-7), 267–276.

Effects of Work Demand and Changes in Leisure Activity on Postretirement Memory

Zulka, L.E., Thorvaldsson, V., Hansson, I., Hassing, L.B.

Sammanfattning

This study evaluated the interactions between prior cognitive work demands and changes in cognitively stimulating leisure activities during the retirement transition and their relationship to changes in postretirement memory. We drew data (N = 631) from five waves of repeated annual measurements as part of the HEalth, Ageing and Retirement Transitions in Sweden study. We modeled memory trajectories using piecewise growth-curve models. Findings revealed that increased cognitive stimulation from leisure activities had beneficial effects on postretirement memory development among individuals reporting previously low cognitive work demands. Our findings provide partial evidence supporting public health recommendations, stating that retirees from less intellectually demanding occupations will gain from increases in cognitive leisure following retirement.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1024/1662-9647/a000270

Referens

Zulka, L.E., Thorvaldsson, V., Hansson, I., Hassing, L.B. (2021). Effects of Work Demand and Changes in Leisure Activity on Postretirement Memory. GeroPsych.

Association between job satisfaction levels and psychological factors

Chand, R.

Sammanfattning

It is essential that employees at a workplace have adequate job satisfaction levels. However, this remains a highly neglected facet in Pakistan. This study aims to explore the psycho-social wellbeing and job satisfaction of banking sector employees in Hyderabad. It was hypothesized that quantitative demands bring down satisfaction while opportunities for growth, freedom, and social support impact it positively. Data was randomly gathered from the employees of National Bank of Pakistan, United Bank Limited, Habib Bank Limited, Muslim Commercial Bank and Allied Bank Limited, through the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire. The results were concurrent with the hypothesis and exhibited that satisfaction levels can be boosted through measures like extra remuneration and less overtime.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Pakistan

Yrken

Bankpersonal

Referens

Chand, R. (2021). Association between job satisfaction levels and psychological factors. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science, 9(7), 70-75.

Does workplace social capital predict care quality through job satisfaction and stress at the clinic? A prospective study

Berthelsen, H., Owen, M., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: Welfare societies like Sweden face challenges in balancing the budget while meeting the demand for good quality healthcare. The aim of this study was to analyse whether care quality, operationalized as survival of dental fillings, is predicted by workplace social capital and if this effect is direct or indirect (through stress and/or job satisfaction among staff at the clinic), controlling for patient demographics. Methods: The prospective design includes A) work environment data from surveys of 75 general public dental clinics (aggregated data based on 872 individual ratings), and B) register-based survival of 9381dental fillings performed during a 3-month period around the time of the survey, and C) patient demographics (age, gender, income level and birth place). Using a multi-level discrete-time proportional hazard model, we tested whether clinic-level social capital, stress, and job satisfaction could predict tooth-level filling failure, controlling for patient demographics. One direct and two indirect pathways, moderated by filling tooth, location, and filling type, were tested. Results: High workplace social capital reduced the risk of early failure of fillings in molar teeth, mediated by group-perceived job satisfaction (indirect path: OR = 0.93, p < .05, direct path from job satisfaction: OR = 0.89, p < .05). Contrary to expectations, we found no support for a direct effect from social capital on care quality or for the indirect pathway via stress at the clinic level. Conclusions: Workplace social capital boosted the quality of dental fillings through increased levels of job satisfaction. In addition, staff at clinics with higher social capital reported less stress and higher levels of job satisfaction. These results indicate that promotion of social capital may improve both occupational health and care quality.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-021-11320-8

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Owen, M., Westerlund, H. (2021). Does workplace social capital predict care quality through job satisfaction and stress at the clinic? A prospective study. BMC Public Health, 21, 1320.

Nurses’ rest breaks and organizational leaving intentions

Wendsche, J., Paridon, H., Blasche, G.

Sammanfattning

Improving nurses’ staff retention is highly needed since risks of turnover are high in this profession. Prior research uncovered job demands as important driver and job resources as protective factor for the development of nurses’ organizational leaving intentions. However, research on beneficial effects of rest break design as an important job resource on nurses’ leaving intentions is sparse and their interactions with present job demands have been widely neglected. Therefore, we aimed to examine if different rest break characteristics (i.e. break length, break disturbances, and social breaks) predict nurses’ organizational leaving intentions while also considering job demands (i.e. quantitative, cognitive, and emotional demands, and social conflicts) and other well-known person-related and work-related turnover antecedents. We conducted a cross-sectional paper-pencil survey study with 167 nurses from Germany. We found a positive relation between rest break disturbances and organizational leaving intentions even after adjusting for person-related and work-related confounders. Rest break length and the frequency of social breaks were no significant predictors when considering all rest break characteristics in combination. Moreover, high quantitative demands and high social conflicts at work related to higher leaving intentions. Fewer rest break disturbances increased the negative relation between cognitive demands and leaving intentions. In order to reduce nurses’ organizational leaving intentions and to improve staff retention, nursing management should prevent disturbances of nurses’ rest breaks in addition to other work design interventions such as reducing quantitative demands and social conflicts and especially when implementing cognitive challenging tasks.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1080/13548506.2021.1950784

Referens

Wendsche, J., Paridon, H., Blasche, G. (2021). Nurses’ rest breaks and organizational leaving intentions. Psychology, Health & Medicine.

Work-related stress and intention to leave among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals – a cross-sectional study

Peter, K.A., Meier-Kaeppeli, B., Pehlke-Milde, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Health systems around the globe are struggling to recruit qualified health professionals. Work-related stress plays an important role in why health professionals leave their profession prematurely. However, little is known about midwives’ working conditions and intentions to leave their profession, although this knowledge is key to work force retention. Therefore, we aimed to investigate work-related stress among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals, as well as differences between midwives and other health professionals and the stressors associated with midwives’ intention to leave the profession. Methods: We conducted a data analysis of two cross-sectional studies encompassing midwives working in labour, postpartum and/or gynaecology wards of 12 public Swiss maternity hospitals. Data was collected by self-report questionnaire assessing potential stressors and long-term consequences of stress at work. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Kruskal Wallis tests and logistic regression modelling. Results: A total of 98 midwives took part in the study and one in three midwives reported doing overtime sometimes-always. Also, the score for work-private life conflicts was significantly higher among midwives than among other health professionals, with the exception of physicians (M = 37.0 versus 50.2, p < .001). Midwives’ meaning of work score (M = 89.4) was significantly higher than that of other health professionals (e.g. nurses (M = 83.0, p < .001) or physicians (M = 82.5, p < .01)). Generation Y midwives showed a significantly higher intention to leave their organisation than did the baby boomers (Mean scores 29.3 versus 10.0, p < .01). Results of the regression model revealed that if midwives could compensate for their overtime in the same month, their intention to leave the profession was lower (OR = 0.23, p < .05). Additionally, the more midwives were affected by work-private life conflicts (OR = 3.01, p < .05) and thoughts about leaving their organisation (OR = 6.81, p < .05), the higher was their intention to leave their profession prematurely. Conclusions: The comparison with other health professions and the higher intention to leave the profession of younger midwife generations are important findings for heads of institutions as well as policy makers, and should stimulate them to develop strategies for keeping midwives on their staff. More extensive studies should implement and test interventions for reducing work-related stress and increasing the job and occupational satisfaction of midwives.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Barnmorskor

DOI

10.1186/s12913-021-06706-8

Referens

Peter, K.A., Meier-Kaeppeli, B., Pehlke-Milde, J. et al. (2021). Work-related stress and intention to leave among midwives working in Swiss maternity hospitals – a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res, 21, 671.

Consequences of Managers’ Laissez-faire Leadership During Organizational Restructuring

Lundmark, R., Richter, A., Tafvelin, S.

Sammanfattning

This study draws upon conservation of resources theory to investigate if laissez-faire leadership influences employees’ perceptions of role clarity, and two forms of well-being (job satisfaction and work-related burnout), in the context of organizational restructuring. Moreover, role clarity is studied as a mechanism linking laissez-faire leadership to employee well-being. These relationships were tested using a three-wave time-lagged investigation conducted over a two-year period with a sample of 601 employees working in the Swedish process industry. The results of the structural equation modelling analyses showed that laissez-faire leadership was negatively related to role clarity 9 months later. In turn, role clarity mediated the relationship between laissez-faire leadership and employee well-being. This study contributes to the understanding of how laissez-faire leadership in the context of organizational restructuring may affect employee outcomes. We discuss implications for theories and practices, as well as directions for future research.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1080/14697017.2021.1951811

Referens

Lundmark, R., Richter, A., Tafvelin, S. (2022). Consequences of Managers’ Laissez-faire Leadership During Organizational Restructuring. Journal of Change Management, 22:1, 40-58.

Health-oriented leadership as a job resource: can staff care buffer the effects of job demands on employee health and job satisfaction?

Krick, A., Felfe, J. and Pischel, S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Drawing upon the job-demands resources and the job demands-control-support model, the authors examined the buffering effect of health-oriented leadership (HoL) in terms of staff care on the relationship between job demands and employee health and job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: Cross-sectional data from two studies (N1 = 314 and N2 = 260) were analyzed using moderation analyses. Findings: Study 1 showed that staff care mitigates the effect of job demands on strain and health complaints. Study 2 found that staff care also buffered the effect of job demands on general health and job satisfaction. Practical implications: Particularly under high job demands, staff care is an important resource for employees' health and satisfaction. Organizations should promote leaders' staff care. Originality/value: Findings provide further evidence for the beneficial role of leaders in terms of HoL.

År

2022

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/JMP-02-2021-0067

Referens

Krick, A., Felfe, J. and Pischel, S. (2022). Health-oriented leadership as a job resource: can staff care buffer the effects of job demands on employee health and job satisfaction?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, Vol. 37 No. 2, 139-152.

Association between psychosocial risks and performance of radiology technicians in emergency context: outcomes of a cross-section study

Paiva, I., Simões, H., Matos, P., Duarte, E., Figueiredo, J.P., Vidal, D., Tavares, O.

Sammanfattning

Background: The workers' demand, the introduction of new technologies and the increase in working hours are some of the main factors that result in the emergence of psychosocial risks. These risks compromise workers mental and physical health, and the well-being, leading to consequences not only at the individual level but also at the organizational level. This work aims to determine the capacity of the radiology technicians to work, the psychosocial risks to which they may be exposed, as well as the possible influence of these on their professional performance. Methods: The Work Ability Index (ICT) and the psychosocial risk scale identified as Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were applied in a sample of 29 professionals (urgency sector of the University Hospital of Coimbra, Portugal), from a universe of 36 radiology technicians. Results: The ICT did not differ according to gender, age and qualification among the professionals under study. However, single technicians presented better ICT compared to the other groups. Radiology technicians with a bachelor's degree were more exposed to psychosocial risks in terms of job performance, transparency of the work role, professional rewards, justice and respect, as well as professional self-efficacy. Conclusions: Studies on psychosocial risks have shown the importance of understanding how the former directly and indirectly influence the professional performance of workers, but also the need to develop strategies to prevent the same risks by improving working conditions and performance of the workers.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckab120.020

Referens

Paiva, I., Simões, H., Matos, P., Duarte, E., Figueiredo, J.P., Vidal, D., Tavares, O. (2021). Association between psychosocial risks and performance of radiology technicians in emergency context: outcomes of a cross-section study. European Journal of Public Health, 31.

Work ability and psychosocial risk factors among professionals at a higher education institution

Simões, H., Ferreira, A., Figueiredo, J.P., Loureiro, A., Seco, S., Gonçalves, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Currently, we live in a society that is too competitive and with aggressive physical and social environments, which triggers profound changes in work conditions and requirements. Pressures are constantly being felt that foster the increase in psychosocial risks, altering the psychological, physical and social balance of the human being with serious implications for the health of the worker. Methods: The present study aimed to understand whether the ability of professionals in a Higher Education Institution to work is influenced by sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, educational qualifications, function); whether psychosocial factors are influenced by sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, educational qualifications, function) and whether the ability to work varies depending on psychosocial factors. For data collection, a two parts questionnaire was applied. The first part of the questionnaire was dedicated to collecting sociodemographic data and assessing the perception of workers' ability to work, through the Work Ability Index (WAI). The second part concerned the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), to identify factors of exposure to psychosocial risk factors. Results: The average work capacity was 41.07 points, which corresponded to a ‘good’ work capacity. In the COPSOQ results, no critical values were identified in the subscales. We found that the ability to work varies according to psychosocial risk factors. Conclusions: We conclude that the variable age influences the ability to work. As for the remaining sociodemographic variables, although this study did not show statistically significant differences, they also seem to influence the WAI.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Akademisk personal

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckab120.018

Referens

Simões, H., Ferreira, A., Figueiredo, J.P., Loureiro, A., Seco, S., Gonçalves, A. (2021). Work ability and psychosocial risk factors among professionals at a higher education institution. European Journal of Public Health, 31.

Psychosocial risk factors and work capacity in health professionals

Pocinho, M., Santos, C., Saraiva, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Modern societies put enormous pressure on workers by putting their health at risk. Psychosocial risks are considered those related to the conception, organization and management of work, social and environmental factors, which can cause psychological, social or physical damage to the worker and the work capacity expresses the generic evaluation of a worker's productive capacities, worker's health, and their psychological resources. Important factor for maintaining a working life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between work ability and exposure to psychosocial risk factors in health professionals. Methods: The sample consisted of 309 primary health care professionals, and validated instruments were applied to assess the Work Ability Index (WAI) and psychosocial risks in the work contexts (COPSOQ). Results: It was found that female professionals are more exposed to psychosocial risk factors: Offensive Behaviors and Quantitative Requirements (P < 0.05). Mental and physical demands influence work ability (P < 0.05). There was a correlation between psychosocial risk factors and work ability in 11 COPSOQ subscales. Conclusions: Thus, it is pertinent to evaluate and manage psychosocial risks and to take measures that enable a positive combination between psychosocial characteristics and individual resources, in order to minimize psychosocial risks and situations of vulnerability in health professionals.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckab120.050

Referens

Pocinho, M., Santos, C., Saraiva, A. (2021). Psychosocial risk factors and work capacity in health professionals. European Journal of Public Health, 31.

Psychosocial factors and burnout among oncology nurses in Brunei Darussalam: A pilot study

Jais, F. A., Yan Choo, T., Kahan, H., Shahbudin, S., Abdul-Mumin, K. H., & Rahman, H. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Existing evidence showed that adverse psychosocial factors contribute to burnout in oncology nurses and impose profound implications to nursing practice. Due to the complexity of this relationship, more studies are still needed. Objective: To investigate the prevalence and relationship between burnout and psychosocial factors among oncology nurses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted in 2018 using the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire to measure burnout and psychosocial factors, respectively. Descriptive and multivariate regression using maximum likelihood procedures were used for analysis. Results: Out of three burnout variables, emotional exhaustion demonstrated a highly significant relationship towards psychosocial factors, particularly quality of leadership (p <0.001), justice and respect (p <0.001), and rewards (p <0.001) – congruent to a high prevalence of emotional exhaustion reported. Conclusion: Improvement in leadership quality, rewards, justice and respect could minimise emotional exhaustion among oncology nurses. These findings further inform management and policymakers to target these specific psychosocial factors in addition to using other interventions to counter the harmful effects of burnout. A positive psychosocial workplace would consequently decrease the risk of nurses’ intention to leave, reduce nurse shortages, and increase the quality of patient care.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brunei

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.33546/bnj.1519

Referens

Jais, F. A., Yan Choo, T., Kahan, H., Shahbudin, S., Abdul-Mumin, K. H., & Rahman, H. A. (2021). Psychosocial factors and burnout among oncology nurses in Brunei Darussalam: A pilot study. Belitung Nursing Journal, 7(5), 418–424.

Job strain in German novice physical therapists

Stadelmaier, J., Reichert, B., Räbiger, J.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: International research shows high levels of job demands and psychological resources for physical therapists, and job strain is considered to be moderate. So far, publications are based on therapists with varying length of service. Little is known about job strain during the first year in the profession. Aim: To investigate the level of job strain of German novice physical therapists and to identify common workplace stressors. Methods: We conducted a web-based survey among physical therapists who had been working for 12 month or less. Using a self-administrated questionnaire, job strain was measured by its effects on work commitment, general health, job satisfaction, burnout and turnover intention. Subgroup analyses based on age, sex and rating of professional training were performed. Stressors at work were evaluated by priority and frequency of appearance. Results: Data of 153 physical therapists was analysed. Low levels of job strain were reported. Novice physical therapists showed high levels of workplace commitment and general health, and low levels of turnover. Moderate ratings were recorded for job satisfaction and symptoms of burnout. Inadequate compensation for work, high caseload, time pressure and physical stress were the most common stressors mentioned. Therapists who rated their professional training as positive reported lower levels of job strain. No significant differences between women and men or between therapists of different age were found. Conclusion: Although many workplace stressors are reported, novice physical therapists show low levels of job strain. Vocational training may be one important protective factor with regard to job strain.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Fysioterapeuter

DOI

10.2478/ijhp-2021-0002

Referens

Stadelmaier, J., Reichert, B., Räbiger, J. (2021). Job strain in German novice physical therapists. International journal of health professions, Vol 8 (1), 3–19.

Association of the working environment noise with occupational stress in industrial workers

Aminian, O., Saraie, M., Ahadi, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Aim: We aimed to investigate the association of the working environment noise with the psychosocial status and occupational stress level of the workers of an industrial company. Subject and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled all the employees at an industrial company. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used to measure the workplace psychosocial factors and stress levels of the participants. Based on the sound level measurements, the company sections were divided into two areas: the areas with noise ≥85 dB (dB) A and the areas with noise <85 dB A. Then the participants were categorized into two groups based on the working area and the study variables were compared between the two groups. Results: We enrolled 401 workers from an industrial company. For 154 (38.4%) workers, the level of noise was equal to or above 85 dB A. According to the results of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, scores of the two groups were significantly different for scales related to cognitive, emotional, and sensory demands, possibilities for development, and predictability as well as workplace demand domain, which showed noise exposure level was significantly associated with perceived workplace demands (P = 0.002). Conclusion: This study showed a slight association between the psychosocial status and the level of noise in the workplace environment.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1007/s10389-021-01605-y

Referens

Aminian, O., Saraie, M., Ahadi, M. et al. (2021). Association of the working environment noise with occupational stress in industrial workers. J Public Health (Berl.).

Validation of the Arabic Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (A-COPSOQ II) among Workers in Oil and Gas Industrial Sector

Osman, N.A., Bedwani, R.N., Shehata, G.M., Emam, M.M., Rabie, A.M.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: The undisputed increase of the relevance of measuring the work-related psychosocial factors is confronted with a lack of qualifi ed well-documented measuring instruments covering all important aspects. Aim: To develop and validate a standardized Arabic version of the COPSOQ II for evaluating the psychosocial environment at the oil and gas workplace. Method: COPSOQ network guidelines for validation studies were followed. The original Danish COPSOQ II (Long version) was meticulously translated and comprehensively validated among an adaptation sample of 500 oil and gas industry workers in the Suez Oil Processing Company in Egypt. Only 438 workers completed the questionnaire in Arabic and English languages with demonstrated sociodemographic data (Yielding a response rate of 87.6%). Psychometric properties of COPSOQ II scale items were depicted in terms of descriptive statistics, feasibility analysis, and internal consistency. Furthermore, A-COPSOQ II was tested for factorial validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Mean age of the study participants was 35 ± 6 years. Scales of Arabic COPSOQ depicted a great Concordance and Reliability (C-α > 0.7). Content Validity Index (CVI) was estimated to be 0.87; ranging from 0.7 - 0.9. Models of exploratory factor analyses projected a refl ective working model with reasonable results in 33 out of 41 overall scales. Confi rmatory factor analysis revealed an acceptable fi t (X2 = 745.67, X2/df = 2.09, SRMR = 0.058, CFI = 0.87). Conclusion: Arabic version of COPSOQ II is a relevant and culturally accepted conceptual instrument for tracking psychosocial hazards and promoting a safe environment for all workers.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Egypten

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.37871/jbres1266

Referens

Osman, N.A., Bedwani, R.N., Shehata, G.M., Emam, M.M., Rabie, A.M. (2021). Validation of the Arabic Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (A-COPSOQ II) among Workers in Oil and Gas Industrial Sector. J Biomed Res Environ Sci, 2(6), 496-508.

Off-stage Heroes: The Antecedents and Consequences of Job Passion among Civil Aviation Maintenance Crew

Chen, SC.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The main goals of this study are to identify the possible factors that may affect the level of passion that aircraft technicians have for their job and how job passion may lead to safety motivation. Background: Aircraft maintenance technicians play an essential role in ensuring flight safety since they are obligated to carry out critical responsibilities related to maintaining flight devices. However, the significance and professionalism of civil aircraft technicians tend to be underestimated due to limited academic discussion of job-related issues. In practice, the particular job characteristics and working environment have led to various job demands and requirements for job resources, which may be related to the level of passion of the aircraft maintenance crews. Method: Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the empirical data collected with the questionnaire survey. The sealable stamped addressed envelopes were attached to guarantee for the innominate approach, and a total of 411 usable samples was returned. Results: Significant relations found between work-family conflict, professional development and job passion in the expected directions, while non-significant results were presented between work-load, social support, and job passion. In addition, job passion significantly and positively related to air technicians’ safety motivation. Conclusion: Aircraft technicians undertake their workload without responding to it in a significantly negative manner, unless the designated work causes work-family conflict. A vision of career development is crucial to continuously elevate job passion in these individuals. Passionate aircraft technicians are motivated to contribute to aviation safety.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Flygplanstekniker

DOI

10.1080/24721840.2021.1945928

Referens

Chen, SC. (2021). Off-stage Heroes: The Antecedents and Consequences of Job Passion among Civil Aviation Maintenance Crew. The International Journal of Aerospace Psychology, 32:2-3, 95-113.

Physical and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of 5-year changes in work ability among 2078 employees in Germany

Burr, H., Lange, S., Freyer, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine 5-year prospective associations between working conditions and work ability among employees in Germany. Methods: A cohort study (2011/2012–2017), based on a random sample of employees in employments subject to payment of social contributions aged 31–60 years (Study on Mental Health at Work; S-MGA; N = 2,078), included data on physical and quantitative demands, control (influence, possibilities for development, control over working time), relations (role clarity and leadership quality) and work ability (Work Ability Index, WAI; subscale ‘subjective work ability and resources’). Data were analysed using linear regression. Results: Physical demands and control were associated with small 5-year changes in work ability (ΔR2 = 1%). Among the subgroup of employees with ≥ 25 sickness days, possibilities for development, control and quality of leadership were associated with changes in work ability (ΔR2 = 8%). Conclusions: The impact of working conditions on long term changes in work ability seems to be negligible. However, in vulnerable subpopulations experiencing poor health, working conditions may be associated to a larger extent to work ability over this time span.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-021-01716-9

Referens

Burr, H., Lange, S., Freyer, M. et al. (2021). Physical and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of 5-year changes in work ability among 2078 employees in Germany. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 95, 153–168.

Promoting recovery in daily life: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Reis, D., Hart, A., Lehr, D. & Friese, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress on employees’ well-being is recovery. Recovery refers to the experience of unwinding from one's job when not at work. However, employees who experience high levels of work-related stress and are thus particularly in need of recovery tend to struggle to switch-off. Due to the detrimental effects of this prolonged and sustained mental representation of job stressors, interventions promoting recovery may contribute to improvements in employees' mental health. Methods: In this randomized, waitlist controlled trial, we will investigate the effectiveness of two 6-week online training programs (cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based). The sample will include employees working at least part-time during regular work hours. Besides the pre-post-follow-up assessments, the trial will include measurement bursts with the goal of examining the underlying mechanisms. We expect that both interventions will reduce work-related perseverative thinking (PT) compared with the waitlist control groups (primary outcome). Also, we expect that both interventions will result in similar improvements, but the underlying mechanisms will differ (process outcomes). In the cognitive-behavioral intervention group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in recovery experiences across time. In the mindfulness-based group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in facets of mindfulness across time. Discussion: In the present study, we will investigate mechanisms underlying assumed changes in work-related PT in great detail. Besides evaluating the overall effectiveness of the two interventions in terms of pre-post-follow-up changes, we will look at the underlying processes at different levels—that is, within days, within weeks, across weeks, and between individuals. Accordingly, our study will offer a fine-grained approach to investigating potential determinants, mediators, and moderators of the processes that may, in the end, be responsible for work-related strain. From a public health perspective, if effective, the online training programs may offer valuable, low-threshold, and low-intensity interventions for a broad range of occupations.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s40359-021-00591-w

Referens

Reis, D., Hart, A., Lehr, D. & Friese, M. (2021). Promoting recovery in daily life: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 91.

Job strain and sense of coherence: Associations with stress-related outcomes among teachers

Ramberg, J., Låftman, S. B., Nilbrink, J., Olsson, G. & Toivanen, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Teachers constitute an occupational group experiencing high levels of stress and with high sick-leave rates. Therefore, examining potentially protective factors is important. While prior research has mainly focused on the link between teachers’ own experiences of their work environment and stress-related outcomes, it is also possible that colleagues’ perception of the work environment and their possibilities for dealing with work-related stress contribute to influencing individual teachers’ stress. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how teachers’ reports of high job strain (i.e. high demands and low control) and sense of coherence (SOC), as well as the concentration of colleagues reporting high strain and high SOC, were associated with perceived stress and depressed mood. Methods: The data were derived from the Stockholm Teacher Survey, with information from two cross-sectional web surveys performed in 2014 and in 2016 (N=2732 teachers in 205 school units). Two-level random intercept linear regression models were performed. Results: High job strain at the individual level was associated with higher levels of perceived stress and depressed mood, but less so for individuals with high SOC. Furthermore, a greater proportion of colleagues reporting high SOC was associated with lower levels of perceived stress and depressed mood at the individual level. Conclusions: High SOC may be protective against work-related stress among teachers. Additionally, the proportion of colleagues reporting high SOC was related to less individual stress, suggesting a protective effect of school-level collective SOC.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1177/14034948211011812

Referens

Ramberg, J., Låftman, S. B., Nilbrink, J., Olsson, G. & Toivanen, S. (2021). Job strain and sense of coherence: Associations with stress-related outcomes among teachers. Scandinavian journal of public health.

Professional Social Media Usage and Work Engagement: A Four-Wave Follow-Up Study of Finnish Professionals Before and During the COVID-19 Outbreak

Oksa, R., Kaakinen, M., Savela, N., Hakanen, J. J. & Oksanen, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed work life profoundly and concerns regarding the mental well-being of employees’ have arisen. Organizations have made rapid digital advancements and have started to use new collaborative tools such as social media platforms overnight. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate how professional social media communication has affected work engagement before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of perceived social support, task resources, and psychological distress as predictors and moderators of work engagement. Methods: Nationally representative longitudinal survey data were collected in 2019-2020, and 965 respondents participated in all 4 surveys. Measures included work engagement, perceived social support and task resources, and psychological distress. The data were analyzed using a hybrid linear regression model. Results: Work engagement remained stable and only decreased in autumn 2020. Within-person changes in social media communication at work, social support, task resources, and psychological distress were all associated with work engagement. The negative association between psychological distress and work engagement was stronger in autumn 2020 than before the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted pressure on mental health at work. Fostering social support and task resources at work is important in maintaining work engagement. Social media communication could help maintain a supportive work environment.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Finland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.2196/29036

Referens

Oksa, R., Kaakinen, M., Savela, N., Hakanen, J. J. & Oksanen, A. (2021). Professional Social Media Usage and Work Engagement: A Four-Wave Follow-Up Study of Finnish Professionals Before and During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Journal of medical Internet research, 23(6), e29036.

Care for health among Polish men, taking into account social and economic factors, as well as the type of work

Hildt-Ciupińska, K. & Pawłowska-Cyprysiak, K.

Sammanfattning

Background: Epidemiological studies show that an inappropriate healthy lifestyle is a major incidence factor, inter alia, for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, obesity, as well as premature deaths, especially among men. Material and Methods: In order to check the attitudes of men towards health and health behaviors, a questionnaire-based research was carried out among 600 men active on the labor market. Several standard questionnaire tools were used: the Positive Health Behaviors Scale (PHBS), the List of Personal Values for measuring the place of health in the value hierarchy; the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, the Work Ability Index, the Psychological Sex Inventory, and the Work–Life Balance Subscale of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Additionally, an independent questionnaire was developed. Results: In the PHBS, men could score 0–111 pts; the average score was 70.98 pts. A high level of care for health expressed in the scores ranging 80–111 pts was achieved by less than one-third of the respondents. One of the 4 groups (referred to as the “Active”) achieved the best result according to PHBS, with an average score of 77 pts. The worst group (referred to as the “Frustrated”) achieved an average of 54.5 pts. The latter performed physical or mixed work, and half of them worked shifts, including nights. Conclusions: The selected 4 groups were not found to differ from one another as much as the authors had expected, but they pointed to a very important aspect determining health care, namely socio‑‑economic factors. There is a great need to conduct health education among men in Poland, targeted especially at young, low-educated and blue-collar workers. The areas of lifestyle that need to be changed are: nutrition, physical activity and preventive examinations.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Polen

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.13075/mp.5893.01056

Referens

Hildt-Ciupińska, K. & Pawłowska-Cyprysiak, K. (2021). Care for health among Polish men, taking into account social and economic factors, as well as the type of work. Medycyna pracy.

Work-life conflict and cardiovascular health: 5-year follow-up of the Gutenberg Health Study

Hegewald, J., Romero Starke, K., Garthus-Niegel, S., Schulz, A., Nübling, M., Latza, U., Jankowiak, S., Liebers, F., Rossnagel, K., Riechmann-Wolf, M., Letzel, S., Arnold, N., Beutel, M., Gianicolo, E., Pfeiffer, N., Lackner, K., Münzel, T., Wild, P. & Seidler, A.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Work-life conflicts (WLC) may impact health, but few studies prospectively consider the impact of WLC on objective outcomes such as cardiovascular disease. Using data from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS), we examined if WLC at baseline was associated with an increased five-year incidence of cardiovascular events (myocardial infarct, stroke, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, chronic heart failure, sudden cardiac death). We also considered if WLC was associated with incident hypertension and arterial stiffness and if the effects of WLC on cardiovascular health differ for men and women. Methods: A working subsample of the 15,010 GHS cohort participants completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, which included five "work-privacy conflict" questions at baseline and at the five-year follow-up. Relative risks for incident hypertension due to increased WLC at baseline (WLC scores exceeding 60 out of 100) were estimated with Poisson regression in the subgroup of participants without hypertension at baseline (n = 2426). Categories of WLC at baseline and follow-up were also used to examine the risk of hypertension due to chronic/recurrent WLC. In this subgroup, we also examined the association between WLC as a continuous score ranging from 0 to 100 with change to arterial stiffness after five years using linear regression. Hazard ratios were estimated for incident cardiovascular events in a larger subsample of participants without prevalent cardiovascular disease at baseline (n = 3698) using Cox regression. We used various multivariable regression models to adjust for sex, age, socioeconomic status, occupational, household, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: We found no association between WLC and incident hypertension or increased arterial stiffness. The fully-adjusted relative risk for WLC >60 at baseline and hypertension was 0.93 (95% 0.74–1.17). The risk of hypertension due to chronic/recurrent WLC >60 was increased but not statistically significant (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.83–1.54). Overall, hazard ratios for incident cardiovascular events were also not increased. However, stratifying the results by sex resulted in a hazard ratio of 1.47 (95% CI 0.54–3.98) for incident cardiovascular disease among women in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions: Although our results were not statistically significant, they indicate that WLC is negatively impacting the cardiovascular health of women. While these results need to be confirmed with additional research and a longer follow-up, interventions to prevent WLC will promote health and could be especially beneficial for women.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0251260

Referens

Hegewald, J., Romero Starke, K., Garthus-Niegel, S., Schulz, A., Nübling, M., Latza, U., Jankowiak, S., Liebers, F., Rossnagel, K., Riechmann-Wolf, M., Letzel, S., Arnold, N., Beutel, M., Gianicolo, E., Pfeiffer, N., Lackner, K., Münzel, T., Wild, P. & Seidler, A. (2021). Work-life conflict and cardiovascular health: 5-year follow-up of the Gutenberg Health Study. PloS one, 16(5), e0251260.

The impact of work-place social capital in hospitals on patient-reported quality of care: a cohort study of 5205 employees and 23,872 patients in Denmark

Clark, A., Prætorius, T., Török, E., Hvidtfeldt, U. A., Hasle, P. & Rod, N. H.

Sammanfattning

Background: Decision-makers increasingly consider patient-reported outcomes as important measures of care quality. Studies on the importance of work-place social capital–a collective work-place resource–for the experience of care quality are lacking. We determined the association between the level of work-place social capital and patient-reported quality of care in 148 hospital sections in the Capital Region of Denmark. Methods: This cross-sectional study combined section-level social capital from 5205 health care professionals and 23,872 patient responses about care quality. Work-place social capital encompassed three dimensions: trust, justice and collaboration. Patient-reported quality of care was measured as: overall satisfaction, patient involvement, and medical errors. Linear regression analysis and generalized linear models assessed the mean differences in patient reported experience outcomes and the risk of belonging to the lowest tertile of care quality. Results: A higher level of work-place social capital (corresponding to the interquartile range) was associated with higher patient-reported satisfaction and inpatient and acute care patient involvement. The risk of a section belonging to the lowest tertile of patient involvement was lower in sections with higher social capital providing inpatient (RR = 0.39, 0.19–0.81 per IQR increase) and acute care (RR = 0.53, 0.31–0.89). Patient-reported errors were fewer in acute care sections with higher social capital (RR = 0.65, 0.43 to 0.99). The risk of being in the lowest tertile of patient-reported satisfaction was supported for acute care sections (RR = 0.47, 0.28–0.79). Conclusions: Although we found small absolute differences in the association between patient-reported experience measures and social capital, even a small upward shift in the distribution of social capital in the hospital sector would, at the population level, have a large positive impact on patients’ care experience.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12913-021-06498-x

Referens

Clark, A., Prætorius, T., Török, E., Hvidtfeldt, U. A., Hasle, P. & Rod, N. H. (2021). The impact of work-place social capital in hospitals on patient-reported quality of care: a cohort study of 5205 employees and 23,872 patients in Denmark. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 534.

To teach or not to teach? Junior academics and the teaching-research relationship

Cenamor, J.

Sammanfattning

The global pressure for excellence has boosted the relevance of the teaching–research relationship. Specifically, the management of teaching and research activities represents an important challenge because of time and resource limitations, especially for junior researchers. The traditionally polarized streams in the literature provide arguments to defend three types of relationship between teaching and research: conflicting, complementary, or unrelated. Given the complexity of the phenomenon, an integrative approach may be useful for identifying interdependencies. In this respect, this article provides a holistic approach that includes different teaching and research drivers and distinguishes between direct and indirect relationships. The analysis of data from junior academics in Sweden shows that teaching workload may be negatively linked to perceived success in research, but it can be slightly counteracted via perceived success in teaching. Moreover, the findings also indicate that individual control and a collaborative approach both are positively related to perceived success in research, while only some sources of social support are significant.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Akademiker

DOI

10.1080/07294360.2021.1933395

Referens

Cenamor, J. (2021). To teach or not to teach? Junior academics and the teaching-research relationship. Higher Education Research & Development.

Monitoring trends in psychosocial and physical working conditions: Challenges and suggestions for the 21st century

Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

År

2021

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3973

Referens

Burr, H. (2021). Monitoring trends in psychosocial and physical working conditions: Challenges and suggestions for the 21st century. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 47(5), 329-333.

The impact of nocturnal road traffic noise, bedroom window orientation, and work-related stress on subjective sleep quality: results of a cross-sectional study among working women

Bartels, S., Ögren, M., Kim, J.-L., Fredriksson, S. & Persson Waye, K.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine the effect of work-related stress and road noise exposure on self-rated sleep and potential additive interaction effects. Methods: Sleep and predictor variables were surveyed within two subsamples with 2191 and 1764 working women in a cross-sectional study. Sleep was assessed using a single question on general sleep quality and four questions on specific sleep problems and subsequently dichotomized (poor sleep vs. no poor sleep). Work-related stress was operationalized by job strain and effort-reward imbalance. Nocturnal exposure to road traffic noise was assessed as (a) the orientation of the bedroom window to a quiet façade vs. a low-, medium- or high-trafficked street and (b) energy-equivalent sound pressure levels for night-time modelled at the most exposed façade (Lnight). We distinguished between low (< 45 dB(A)), medium (45–50 dB(A)) and high exposure (> 50 dB(A)). Results: Poor sleep was associated with job strain and effort-reward imbalance. The prevalence of poor sleep did not increase with increasing Lnight, but bedroom window orientation showed a non-significant trend. A quiet façade had a protective effect on sleep in each Lnight category. We found a non-significant trend for an additive interaction between bedroom window orientation and job strain. Conclusion: Noise levels modelled for the most exposed façade likely overestimate the actual exposure and thus may not be a precise predictor of poor sleep. Bedroom window orientation seems more relevant. Potential additive interaction effects between bedroom window orientation and job strain should be considered when interpreting epidemiological study results on noise-induced sleep disturbances.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-021-01696-w

Referens

Bartels, S., Ögren, M., Kim, J.-L., Fredriksson, S. & Persson Waye, K. (2021). The impact of nocturnal road traffic noise, bedroom window orientation, and work-related stress on subjective sleep quality: results of a cross-sectional study among working women. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 94, 1523–1536.

Work limitations due to neck-shoulder pain and physical work demands in older workers: cross-sectional study

Bayattork, M., Skovlund, S.V., Sundstrup, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Many older workers are working despite having neck-shoulder pain (NSP), which may give rise to work limitations due to pain, especially among those with high physical work demands. This study investigated the joint association of neck-shoulder pain intensity and physical work demands with work limitations among older workers. Methods: In SeniorWorkingLife, workers ≥ 50 years (n = 11,800) replied to questions about NSP intensity, work limitations due to pain, and physical activity demands at work. The odds ratio for having a higher level of work limitations due to pain in relation to neck-shoulder pain intensity and physical work demands were modeled using logistic regression controlled for various confounders. Results: The results showed that the neck-shoulder pain intensity was associated with work limitations in a dose–response fashion (p < 0.0001). Importantly, a significant interaction existed between neck-shoulder pain intensity and physical activity at work (p < 0.0001), e.g., 77% of workers with high pain and high work demands experienced work limitations due to the pain. Conclusion: Higher neck-shoulder pain intensity and higher physical work demands—and particularly in combination—were associated with higher odds of work limitation due to pain among older workers. Thus, it seems especially important to accommodate work demands through a better work environment for these groups of workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01594-7

Referens

Bayattork, M., Skovlund, S.V., Sundstrup, E. et al. (2020). Work limitations due to neck-shoulder pain and physical work demands in older workers: cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

Working conditions and health in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic: Minding the gap

Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has had major consequences in the workplace, both in terms of the number of cases among the working population and the enormous changes made to cope with it. The objective of this study is to describe the impact of COVID-19 on the working conditions and health of wage-earners in Spain. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out between the end of April and the end of May 2020 among the wage-earning population. Sample included n = 20,328 participants obtained through an online survey. Results: A situation of high-strain was reported by 44.3% of workers, 42.6% were concerned about possible job loss, 75.6% about finding a new job if they lost the present one, 69.7% were worried about salary reduction, 68% about becoming infected at work and 72.3% of being a transmitter of the virus. Among those who regularly went to work, 13.1% did so with symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and 71.2% stated that they had done so without adequate protection measures. 36.7% of workers believe that their health worsened, 41.6% had severe trouble sleeping during the last month, 55.1% were at risk of poor mental health and consumption more than doubled of tranquilisers and opioid analgesics, compared to the pre-pandemic situation. Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 on the wage-earning population has been enormous, with high exposures to harmful working conditions and very poor health indicators, which, compared to the pre-pandemic situation, means significant deterioration. Important inequalities are observed according to class, gender, age and wage.

År

2021

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105064

Referens

Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Navarro, A. (2021). Working conditions and health in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic: Minding the gap. Safety Science, 134.

High-performance work practices, employee well-being, and supportive leadership: spillover mechanisms and boundary conditions between HRM and leadership behavior

Hauff, S., Felfe, J. & Klug, K.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this paper is to deepen our understanding of the relationships between high-performance work practices (HPWPs) and employee well-being. In particular, we integrate three employee well-being types, proposing that HPWPs positively affect employee health (i.e. health status, sickness absence, and sleep quality), mediated by job satisfaction and employee engagement. We also analyze the influence of supportive leadership as a key contextual factor. We hypothesize that the positive relationships between HPWPs and employee health via job satisfaction and engagement will be reinforced by supportive leadership, since the relationships between HPWPs and a) job satisfaction and b) work engagement should be stronger when leadership is more supportive. These hypotheses are tested with representative data from German-speaking countries (Austria, Germany, and Switzerland; N = 3325). The results support the mediating roles of job satisfaction and work engagement. Interestingly, the remaining direct relationships between HPWPs and sleep quality are negative, which supports a counteracting effects model. We further find a moderating effect where, in contrast to our assumption, supportive leadership attenuates HPWPs’ effects.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland, Österrike, Schweiz

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1080/09585192.2020.1841819

Referens

Hauff, S., Felfe, J. & Klug, K. (2020). High-performance work practices, employee well-being, and supportive leadership: spillover mechanisms and boundary conditions between HRM and leadership behavior. The International Journal of Human Resource Management.

The Relationship between Empowering Leadership, Work Characteristics, and Work Engagement among Academics: A SEM Mediation Analysis

Helland, E., Christensen, M., & Innstrand, S. T.

Sammanfattning

Using theories of empowering leadership, empowerment and social exchange, this paper aims to add to the literature on leadership in higher education by exploring how and why empowering leadership is linked to academics’ work engagement through mediation of work characteristics that are crucial to academics: job autonomy, social community at work, recognition, and unreasonable tasks. To investigate this, data from a cross-sectional survey of N = 3759 (n = 3059) academics and doctoral research fellows from three major Norwegian universities were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that empowering leadership is related to academics’ work engagement through the following work characteristics: job autonomy, social community at work, and unreasonable tasks. Empowering leadership was also related to academics’ recognition, but recognition was not, in turn, associated with work engagement. Future researchers may consider prospective, experimental, and qualitative designs to extend the results of this study.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Akademiker

DOI

10.16993/sjwop.84

Referens

Helland, E., Christensen, M., & Innstrand, S. T. (2020). The Relationship between Empowering Leadership, Work Characteristics, and Work Engagement among Academics: A SEM Mediation Analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5 (1), 11.

Public managers' role in creating workplace social capital (WSC) and its effect on employees' well-being and health: a protocol of a longitudinal cohort study (PUMA-WSC)

Pihl-Thingvad, S., Hansen, S. W., Winter, V., Hansen, M. S., & Willems, J.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Workplace social capital (WSC) has been shown to affect employees’ well-being and health, yet it is not clear how public managers can create WSC and which forms of WSC are most important. This study is the first prospective cohort study to examine the relationship between management behaviour, WSC, well-being and sickness absence. It uses a validated and detailed scale on WSC, which can distinguish between bonding, bridging, linking and organisational WSC over time. The study thereby provides rich data giving a much-needed detailed image of how WSC impacts on public employees’ well-being and health. Additionally, the study pays special attention to the fact that these relationships can be different for different types of employees and therefore tests a set of relevant employee and context-related variables. Methods and analysis: Project preparations in terms of agreements and data preparation of existing data started in 2019. This prospective cohort study considers and collects organisational data from 2016 to 2025. Annual employee surveys of more than 8000 employees (in a large Danish municipality) will be combined with register data in all years. This generates a unique cohort of public employees in different professions that are traceable over several years. The annual surveys include information on the management behaviour, WSC and employee outcomes. Fine-grained information on sickness absences will be matched for all employees and years under study. Moreover, confounders and the nested nature of the data will be considered. Ethics and dissemination: Approval has been obtained from The Regional Committee on Health Research Ethics from Southern Denmark and from the University of Southern Denmark. The results will be presented at conferences and published in international peer-reviewed journals and in a practice-oriented monography targeted at public managers. The result will furthermore be disseminated to the involved employees through seminars and workshops in the participating organisations.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039027

Referens

Pihl-Thingvad, S., Hansen, S. W., Winter, V., Hansen, M. S., & Willems, J. (2020). Public managers' role in creating workplace social capital (WSC) and its effect on employees' well-being and health: a protocol of a longitudinal cohort study (PUMA-WSC). BMJ open, 10 (10).

Eating Habits and Lifestyle during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cheikh Ismail, L. et al.

Sammanfattning

The coronavirus disease is still spreading in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with subsequent lockdowns and social distancing measures being enforced by the government. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the lockdown on eating habits and lifestyle behaviors among residents of the UAE. A cross-sectional study among adults in the UAE was conducted using an online questionnaire between April and May 2020. A total of 1012 subjects participated in the study. During the pandemic, 31% reported weight gain and 72.2% had less than eight cups of water per day. Furthermore, the dietary habits of the participants were distanced from the Mediterranean diet principles and closer to "unhealthy" dietary patterns. Moreover, 38.5% did not engage in physical activity and 36.2% spent over five hours per day on screens for entertainment. A significantly higher percentage of participants reported physical exhaustion, emotional exhaustion, irritability, and tension "all the time" during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic (p < 0.001). Sleep disturbances were prevalent among 60.8% of the participants during the pandemic. Although lockdowns are an important safety measure to protect public health, results indicate that they might cause a variety of lifestyle changes, physical inactivity, and psychological problems among adults in the UAE.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Förenade Arabemiraten

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/nu12113314

Referens

Cheikh Ismail, L. et al. (2020). Eating Habits and Lifestyle during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, 12(11), 3314.

Intensity Matters: The Role of Physical Activity in the Job Demands-Resources Model

Fodor, P. D., Pohrt, A., Gekeler, S. B., Knoll, N., Heuse, S.

Sammanfattning

Research indicates that physical activity is associated with lower perceived job stress and burnout. Recent literature shows that regular vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity (VPA) may have beneficial effects going well beyond those of regular moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity (MPA). However, research investigating the competing roles of VPA and MPA in the context of deleterious job conditions is scarce. Using data from an online-study with 847 employees, we tested if VPA and MPA relate to lower symptoms of burnout and whether they moderate the relationship of job demands and burnout. Results point towards a negative main effect between MPA and burnout whereas no main effect has been found between VPA and burnout. However, results indicate that VPA moderates the deleterious relationship of high job demands and burnout. Findings suggest that employees may benefit from MPA independently from level of job demand whereas VPA may additionally help coping with high job demands.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5093/jwop2020a21

Referens

Fodor, P. D., Pohrt, A., Gekeler, S. B., Knoll, N., Heuse, S. (2020). Intensity Matters: The Role of Physical Activity in the Job Demands-Resources Model. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 36 (3), 223-229.

Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological distress in health workers: A three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial

Errazuriz, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown good efficacy for improving wellbeing in employees experiencing occupational stress. However, comparisons with other interventions, longer-term follow-up, and data from varying sociocultural contexts are lacking. This three-arm, parallel randomised controlled trial (RCT) examined the effects of MBSR on psychological distress in non-physician health workers in direct contact with patients. 105 participants were randomly allocated to either: (1) MBSR (N = 35), (2) Stress Management Course (SMC; N = 34) or (3) wait-list (N = 36). Participants and those assessing outcomes were blinded to group assignment. Participants completed questionnaires pre- and post-intervention and four months after the intervention. Psychological distress was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45). Secondary outcomes included perceived stress, job satisfaction, mindfulness skills and changes in salivary cortisol. 77 participants completed measures post-intervention and 52 at 4-month follow-up. MBSR showed a post-intervention effect in reducing GHQ-12 (ß = −0.80 [SE = 1.58] p < 0.01) and OQ-45 (ß = −0.72, [SE = 5.87] p < 0.05) psychological distress, compared to SMC and in reducing GHQ-12 (ß = −1.30 [SE = 1.38] p < 0.001) and OQ-45 (ß = −0.71, [SE = 5.58] p < 0.01) psychological distress compared to wait-list condition. In our secondary outcome, only MBSR was associated with a decrease in the cortisol awaking response by 23% (p < 0.05). At follow-up, only effects of MBSR on the psychological distress ‘social role’ subscale (ß = −0.76 [SE = 1.31] p < 0.05) remained significant, compared to SMC. In conclusion, MBSR appears useful in reducing short-term psychological distress in healthcare workers, but these effects were not maintained at follow-up. Trial registration: ISRCTN12039804.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Chile

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.11.011

Referens

Errazuriz, A. et al. (2020). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on psychological distress in health workers: A three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychiatric Research.

Psychological Demands and Health: An Examination of the Role of Core Self-evaluations in the Stress-Coping Process

Pujol-Cols, L., Lazzaro-Salazar, M.

Sammanfattning

This study examined the direct and interactive effects of core self-evaluations (CSEs), psychological demands (i.e., quantitative and emotional demands) and coping strategies on mental and physical health in a sample of Argentinian managers. A total of 112 managers completed an online survey on CSEs, psychological demands, coping strategies, mental health, and physical health. First, the results of the hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both quantitative and emotional demands were significant predictors of individuals’ mental and physical health. Second, CSEs were found to significantly explain individuals’ mental health but not their physical health. Third, the findings showed that CSEs moderated the relationship between emotional demands and physical health, suggesting that the negative effects of emotional demands on physical health are greater for those individuals with less positive CSEs. Fourth, the results demonstrated that CSEs moderated the relationship between problem-solving coping and physical health, which suggests that this strategy is more effective when individuals have more positive CSEs. Finally, practical implications, limitations and future lines of research are discussed in this article.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Argentina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s12646-020-00569-5

Referens

Pujol-Cols, L., Lazzaro-Salazar, M. (2020). Psychological Demands and Health: An Examination of the Role of Core Self-evaluations in the Stress-Coping Process. Psychol Stud, 65, 408–419.

Prospective cohort study on the social determinants of health: Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees` cohort (TEC) study protocol

Nedjat, S., Mehrdad, R., Yunesian, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: In this study, the association between the social determinants of health (SDH) as well as other health risk factors and outcomes will be evaluated at different socioeconomic layers. Methods/design: This is a prospective cohort study that was launched in January 2018 on Tehran University of Medical Sciences’ employees. The initial enrolment phase will continue up to March 2021, or until a sample size of 5500 is reached. In addition to annual phone-calls, the participants will be followed thrice at 5-year intervals. Data are collected through blood and urine samples, complete physical examination, anthropometric evaluation, and the completion of questionnaires related to SDH, such as socioeconomic status and social capital, history of diseases, lifestyle (including, nutrition, physical activity, cigarette and hookah smoking), occupational exposures (including psychosocial factors at work and work-family conflicts), and different aspects of physical, mental and occupational health as health outcomes. The association between independent variables and health (objective or subjective) are examined using multiple models and by controlling the confounding effects. Moreover, the trend in lifestyle changes and its impact on health are evaluated. Discussion: Our study will explore the key social determinants as well as other factors including socioeconomic status and social capital, history of diseases, lifestyle and occupational exposures that affect health. This will provide social and occupational health decision-makers and stakeholders with new and valuable evidence in an era in which we are witnessing huge changes in lifestyle.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Iran

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-09798-9

Referens

Nedjat, S., Mehrdad, R., Yunesian, M. et al. (2020). Prospective cohort study on the social determinants of health: Tehran University of Medical Sciences employees` cohort (TEC) study protocol. BMC Public Health, 20, 1703.

A Time-Lagged Examination of the Greenhaus and Allen Work-Family Balance Model

Landolfi, A., Barattucci, M., & Lo Presti, A.

Sammanfattning

The work-family interface is a compelling topic that calls into question labor market dynamics and work processes, together with important social and family composition changes. The present study aimed at examining the antecedents of Work-Family Balance (WFB) in Italy consistent with Greenhaus and Allen’s (2011) conceptual model in which the characteristics of work and family roles have an indirect impact on work-family balance through Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Work-Family Enrichment (WFE), and where job and family satisfaction are considered as predictors of WFB. A total of 568 workers participated in a time-lagged correlational study, filling a questionnaire. The theoretical model was tested by assessing the mediating role of job and family satisfaction as well as related antecedents, conflict, and enrichment between the family and work contexts, through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results partially confirmed the theoretical model: work-to-family enrichment and work-to-family conflict predicted family satisfaction, which also mediated their association with WFB. The results in the family-to-work direction did not support the initial research hypotheses. The hypotheses about associations between demands and resources, conflict and enrichment in both directions, and of the moderating role of core self-evaluations were partially confirmed. The results highlighted that organizations need to carry out periodic assessments of WFC and WFE, in order to provide benefits and resources, to reduce conflict, and increase enrichment, through proper interventions (training activities, professional development, mentoring, and forms of flexibility).

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/bs10090140

Referens

Landolfi, A., Barattucci, M., & Lo Presti, A. (2020). A Time-Lagged Examination of the Greenhaus and Allen Work-Family Balance Model. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 10(9), 140.

Is low-back pain a limiting factor for senior workers with high physical work demands? A cross-sectional study

Nygaard, P.P., Skovlund, S.V., Sundstrup, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Low-back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent among senior workers and may affect work ability, especially among those with hard physical work. This study determined the joint association of LBP intensity and physical work demands with work limitiations due to pain in senior workers. Methods: In the SeniorWorkingLife study (2018), 11,738 senior workers (≥50 years) replied to questions about physical work demands, LBP intensity, and work limitations due to pain. Using logistic regression analyses and controlling for potential confounders, associations between the physical work demands and LBP intensity (interaction) with work limitiations due to pain (outcome) was modeled. Results: Higher LBP intensity, as well as higher physical work demands, significantly increased the odds of experiencing work limitiations due to pain, and these two factors interacted with each other (p < 0.0001). In analyses stratified for LBP intensity, higher physical work demands gradually increased the odds of experiencing work limitiations due to pain. Conclusions: Senior workers with a combination of physically demanding work and LBP are more affected by their pain during everyday work tasks compared to workers with similar LBP-intensity in sedentary occupations. Accommodation of work demands seems especially relevant for this group of workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12891-020-03643-1

Referens

Nygaard, P.P., Skovlund, S.V., Sundstrup, E. et al. (2020). Is low-back pain a limiting factor for senior workers with high physical work demands? A cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 21, 622.

The Effect of Psychosocial Work Environment on the Health-Related Quality of Life of Health Care Providers

Alshahrani, B., Alumran, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychosocial work environment is a significant factor in the provision of quality health care. Understanding the psychosocial work environment in the Saudi Arabian health care system is critical in opening up new paths for future workplace interventions and the promotion of quality health care practices. We determined the relationship between psychosocial work environment and quality of life of employees in a major Saudi health care setting. Methods: We designed a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at King Fahad University Hospital using a Web-based, validated survey targeting all hospital employees. Results: The study results showed that males have significantly higher quality of life and psychosocial work environment scores (t = -2.992, p < .001) than females (t = -2.07, p < 0.05). Employees with day shifts only had significantly higher quality of life scores compared to regular rotation shifts (t = 3.228, p < 0.001). Pearson correlation showed a significant association between quality of life and psychosocial work environment (r = .349, p < .001). The multivariable regression model showed a significant effect of psychosocial work environment, gender, and type of shift on quality of life (adjusted r2 = 0.2665, f = 16.26, p < 0.001). Conclusion: We anticipated that with higher quality of life, employees’ productivity increases. Thus, we expected patient care to improve by increasing health care providers’ quality of life scores. This study showed a significant correlation between psychosocial work environment and quality of life.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Saudiarabien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.21203/rs.3.rs-64779/v1

Referens

Alshahrani, B., Alumran, A. (2020). The Effect of Psychosocial Work Environment on the Health-Related Quality of Life of Health Care Providers. Research Square.

Feeling of insecurity in Khaki: its effects on burnout and allied consequences in Haryana Police officers

Kumar, A., Narula, S.

Sammanfattning

The study aimed to assess feeling of insecurity at job, its association with burnout and the role of burnout in the relationships of feeling of insecurity with certain outcomes in Haryana Police officers. Adopting a cross-sectional design (sample size 1,223), the study observed feeling of insecurity at job in the officers; its positive association with burnout; burnout as a mediator in the relationships of feeling of insecurity with job satisfaction, commitment to the workplace, health, work-family conflict, and feeling to quit. The study identified burnout acting more like a suppressor variable in the relationships of feeling of insecurity with organisational citizenship behaviours, and physical aggression. The study found both feeling of insecurity and burnout as unrelated to verbal aggression. For the police administrators, study findings have key practical implications. The findings highlight feeling of insecurity and burnout as key venues to target with appropriate interventions for attenuating their adverse effects.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indien

Yrken

Poliser

DOI

10.1504/IJICBM.2020.109358

Referens

Kumar, A., Narula, S. (2020). Feeling of insecurity in Khaki: its effects on burnout and allied consequences in Haryana Police officers. International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, vol. 21(1), pages 94-117.

Working conditions of healthcare workers and clients’ satisfaction with care: study protocol and baseline results of a cluster-randomised workplace intervention

Montano, D., Kuchenbaur, M., Geissler, H. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: In the present investigation the study protocol and the results at baseline of a workplace intervention are reported. It is hypothesised that the reduction of the physical and psychosocial workload of healthcare workers increases 1 their self-assessed physical and mental work ability, and 2. clients’ satisfaction with care. Methods: Two-arm, cluster-randomised trial. Outcome data on workers and clients are collected in questionnaires at baseline, and two follow-ups between 2019 and 2021. Participants of the interventions are healthcare workers of 11 healthcare providers in Germany. At baseline, the intervention arm comprised 22 clusters (n = 174 workers); the control arm, 47 clusters (n = 276). The intervention consists of interviews and workshops, in which employees propose measures aiming to reduce the physical and psychosocial load, and strengthen resources at work. The primary outcome is the workers’ physical and mental work ability. The secondary outcome is the clients’ satisfaction with care. Results: There was no evidence of substantial differences between trial arms at baseline concerning the outcomes. The design effect estimates for physical and mental work ability were 1.29 and 1.05, respectively. At the end of the trial, effect sizes of at least 0.30 and 0.27 at the 80% power and 5% significance levels can be attained. Conclusions: The results suggest that the implementation of the study design has been satisfactory. The intervention is expected to provide evidence of relatively small to medium-size effects of the intervention activities on the work ability of healthcare workers and the clients’ satisfaction with care. Trial registration: Registration trial DRKS00021138 on the German Registry of Clinical Studies (DRKS), retrospectively registered on 25 March, 2020.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-09290-4

Referens

Montano, D., Kuchenbaur, M., Geissler, H. et al. (2020). Working conditions of healthcare workers and clients’ satisfaction with care: study protocol and baseline results of a cluster-randomised workplace intervention. BMC Public Health, 20, 1281.

Changing to improve? Organizational change and change-oriented leadership in hospitals

Øygarden, O., Olsen, E. and Mikkelsen, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This paper aims to fill gaps in one’s knowledge of the impact of organizational change on two outcomes relevant to hospital service quality (performance obstacles and physician job satisfaction) and in one’s knowledge of the role of middle manager change-oriented leadership in relation to the same outcomes. Further, the authors aim to identify how physician participation in decision-making is impacted by organizational change and change-oriented leadership, as well as how it mediates the relationships between these two variables, performance obstacles and job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design including data from Norwegian hospital physicians (N = 556). A hypothetical model was developed based on existing theory, confirmatory factor analysis was carried out in order to ensure the validity of measurement concepts, and the structural model was estimated using structural equation modelling. Findings: The organizational changes in question were positively related to performance obstacles both directly and indirectly through participation in decision-making. Organizational change was also negatively related to job satisfaction, both directly and indirectly. Change-oriented leadership was negatively related to performance obstacles, but only indirectly through participation in decision-making, whereas it was positively related to job satisfaction both directly and indirectly. Originality/value: The authors developed a theoretical model based on existing theory, but to their knowledge no other studies have tested these exact relationships within one model. These findings offer insights relevant to current and ongoing developments in the healthcare field and to the question of how hospitals may deal with continuous changes in ways that could contribute positively towards outcomes relevant to service quality.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1108/JHOM-09-2019-0280

Referens

Øygarden, O., Olsen, E. and Mikkelsen, A. (2020). Changing to improve? Organizational change and change-oriented leadership in hospitals. Journal of Health Organization and Management, Vol. 34 No. 6, 687-706.

Differential Work Design for Different Age Groups? A Systematic Literature Review of the Moderating Role of Age in the Relationship Between Psychosocial Work Characteristics and Health

Mühlenbrock, I., Hüffmeier, J.

Sammanfattning

Aging and the shrinkage of the working population increase the importance of preserving employee health. To analyze how associations between psychosocial work characteristics (e. g., quantitative work demands or social support) and individual health vary across age groups, we systematically reviewed a large sample of relevant published articles. Overall, we included 30 articles that reported 107 associations and found significant evidence of interactions between work characteristics and age for 61 % of these associations. To analyze these interactions further, we formed consistent age groups (younger [≤ 34 years], middle-aged [35 – 49 years], and older employees [≥ 50 years]). While we found differences across these age groups (e. g., a stronger association between low job autonomy and poor health in older employees), we did not identify crossover interactions with contradictory associations between work characteristics and health for different age groups. Implications for future research and an age-sensitive work design are discussed.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1026/0932-4089/a000330

Referens

Mühlenbrock, I., Hüffmeier, J. (2020). Differential Work Design for Different Age Groups? A Systematic Literature Review of the Moderating Role of Age in the Relationship Between Psychosocial Work Characteristics and Health. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O, 64, 171-195.

What makes them happy? Professional care-givers’ job satisfaction

Höld, J., Späth, J. & Kricheldorff, C.

Sammanfattning

Background: Nurses’ job dissatisfaction can be seen as an early warning indicator of occupational change and (early) termination intentions. A better understanding of job satisfaction and its determinants can help to prevent nurses from leaving their profession. Aim: We assessed the impact of nurses’ perception of job characteristics on their overall job satisfaction in order to identify the most relevant factors. We also investigated the potential mechanisms through which the most relevant factor influences job satisfaction. Method: We used multiple regression analysis based on a standardized survey of about 800 registered nurses (in long-term care facilities) in both inpatient care and outpatient care in Germany as well as qualitative content analysis of about 50 semi-structured interviews with nurses. Results: We found that collaboration with the team and supervisor to be the most relevant factor associated with job satisfaction. A good team can create professional support and ideational support for professional caregivers and enhance their professional development and the quality of care. Discussion: Our results point to the importance of leadership training, team building methods and other measures for establishing and cultivating a pleasant working atmosphere with flexible shift handovers and team meetings.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1007/s00391-020-01759-6

Referens

Höld, J., Späth, J. & Kricheldorff, C. (2020). What makes them happy? Professional care-givers’ job satisfaction. Z Gerontol Geriat, 53, 655–662.

The WHO/ILO report on long working hours and ischaemic heart disease – Conclusions are not supported by the evidence

Kivimäki, M., Virtanen, M., Nyberg, T.S., Batty, G. D.

Sammanfattning

Working hours is a ubiquitous exposure given that most adults are employed, and one that is modifiable via legislative change if not always through individual-level choice. According to a recent report from the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Labour Organization (ILO), there is currently sufficient evidence to conclude that long working hours (i.e., ≥55 h per week) elevate the risk of fatal and non-fatal ischaemic heart disease to a clinically meaningful extent. After assessing the data used by the ILO/WHO, we feel that the expert group has not correctly applied their own framework for assessing the strength of the evidence. In the meta-analysis of observational studies in the report, the association between long working hours and incident heart disease appeared stronger in lower quality cohort studies with a high risk of bias (minimally-adjusted hazard ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.01–1.41, compared to standard 35–40 weekly hours) than in the superior-quality studies with a lower risk of bias for which the estimate was not significantly different from the null (1.08, 95% CI 0.93–1.25). There was also marked effect modification, such that there was no increase in ischaemic heart disease for those working long hours in high socioeconomic status occupations, a finding also reported in analyses of a recent census-based cohort study which was not included in the report. Our meta-analysis of all these studies confirm that the findings are not consistent but differ between subgroups and that the summary age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for long working hours in high socioeconomic status occupations does not support excess risk: 0.85, 95% CI 0.63–1.13 (Pinteraction = 0.005, total N = 451,982). For these and other reasons detailed in this commentary, we advance a more cautious interpretation of the existing evidence. The conclusions should be restricted to low socioeconomic status occupations only and more research is still needed to confirm or refute harmfulness and determine clinical relevance.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1016/j.envint.2020.106048

Referens

Kivimäki, M., Virtanen, M., Nyberg, T.S., Batty, G. D. (2020). The WHO/ILO report on long working hours and ischaemic heart disease – Conclusions are not supported by the evidence. Environment International, Volume 144.

The mediating role of unhealthy behaviors and body mass index in the relationship between high job strain and self-rated poor health among lower educated workers

van Oostrom, S.H., Nachat, A., Loef, B. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine the mediating role of unhealthy behaviors and body mass index (BMI) in the relationship between high job strain and self-rated poor health in workers with a low education. Methods: A total of 8369 low educated workers, who participated in the Lifelines cohort study during the period 2012–2017, were included. Self-reported job strain, health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, and fruit and vegetable consumption), and BMI were assessed at baseline, and self-rated health after 2 years. To assess mediation by the health behaviors and BMI, structural equation modeling with logistic and multinomial regression analyses were performed. Results: Workers with high job strain had a higher odds of poor health (OR 1.34; 95% CI 1.13–1.60) compared to those with low job strain. Workers with high job strain were more likely to have a lack of physical activity (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.01–1.28), but were not more likely to smoke, to be overweight or obese, or to have a low fruit or vegetable consumption. Workers who smoke, have a lack of physical activity or are overweight or obese are more likely to report poor health (OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.16–1.60, OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.08–1.43, OR 1.37; 95% CI 1.16–1.61, OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.86–2.72). Indirect (mediating) effects of unhealthy behaviors and BMI in the relationship between high job strain and poor health were small and not statistically significant. Conclusions: No mediating effects of unhealthy behaviors or BMI were found in the relationship between high job strain and self-rated poor health among workers with a low educational level.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01565-y

Referens

van Oostrom, S.H., Nachat, A., Loef, B. et al. (2020). The mediating role of unhealthy behaviors and body mass index in the relationship between high job strain and self-rated poor health among lower educated workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

The association between supervisor support and ethical dilemmas on Nurses' intention to leave: The mediating role of the meaning of work

Hognestad Haaland, G., Olsen, E., Mikkelsen, A.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To examine the association between supervisor support and ethical dilemmas on nurses' intention to leave health care organisations, both directly and through the mediating role of the meaning of work. Background: The shortage of nurses makes it vital that organisations retain nurses and so reduce the costs associated with replacing experienced nurses. Methods: This cross‐sectional study samples 2,946 registered nurses from a selected health region in Norway. Structural equation modelling was used to test a hypothesized model. Results: Social support from the supervisor and ethical dilemmas is associated with nurses' intention to leave, both directly and indirectly through the mediating role of the meaning of work. Conclusion: Health care organisations should enhance social support from supervisors and the meaning of work, and reduce the level of ethical dilemmas in hospitals. Implications for Nursing Management: Health care organisations should continuously develop and offer training in nurse manager skills, such as being empathic, understanding employees' needs and how to communicate and handle ethical dilemmas. Managers should value staff contributions, encourage staff involvement in ethical questions and highlight the impact of nurses' work on improving the welfare of others.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jonm.13153

Referens

Hognestad Haaland, G., Olsen, E., Mikkelsen, A. (2020). The association between supervisor support and ethical dilemmas on Nurses' intention to leave: The mediating role of the meaning of work. J Nurs Manag, 00: 1– 8.

The moderating role of psychosocial working conditions on the long-term relationship between depressive symptoms and work ability among employees from the Baby Boom generation

Weber, J., Hasselhorn, H.M., Borchart, D. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Mental disorders have been identified as a leading cause for reduced work ability in industrialized countries. Identification of workplace factors that can increase the work ability of employees with depressive symptoms from the Baby Boom generation is, therefore, highly relevant. This study thus aims to investigate whether changes in psychosocial working conditions can moderate the negative association between depressive symptoms and work ability. Methods: Two waves with a 3-year time lag of the German lidA cohort study with 3609 participants born in 1959 and 1965 (aged 46 and 52 years at first wave) were analyzed. Self-report data about depressive symptoms at baseline and changes of working conditions from baseline to follow-up were used to calculate main and interaction effects on perceived work ability at follow-up. These analyses were controlled for baseline work ability and working conditions. Results: Depressive symptoms were predictive for an unfavorable course of work ability from baseline to follow-up (B = − 0.173, 95% CI = − 0.219 to − 0.128). However, no interaction effect between depressive symptoms and psychosocial working conditions was found. Instead, independent from the level of depressive symptoms, a decrease in quantitative demands (B = − 0.279, 95% CI = − 0.326 to − 0.232) and increases in leadership quality (B = 0.242, 95% CI = 0.192–0.292) and development opportunities (B = 0.177, 95% CI = 0.127–0.277) were related to a more favorable course of work ability. Only small effects were found for social support (B = 0.057, 95% CI = 0.008–0.106) and job control (B = 0.043, 95% CI = − 0.005–0.091). Conclusions: The results indicate that the lagged and negative effect of depressive symptoms on work ability was not moderated by changes in psychosocial working conditions. However, the promotion of favorable working conditions may contribute to a positive development of work ability among employees from the Baby Boom generation independently from the level of depressive symptoms.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01570-1

Referens

Weber, J., Hasselhorn, H.M., Borchart, D. et al. (2020). The moderating role of psychosocial working conditions on the long-term relationship between depressive symptoms and work ability among employees from the Baby Boom generation. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

Leaving and staying with the employer—Changes in work, health, and work ability among older workers

Garthe, N., Hasselhorn, H.M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to examine employer changes among older workers and to relate them to psychosocial work factors, health, and work ability. Four groups of employees as elaborated by Hom et al. (2012) were distinguished: Enthusiastic leavers (EL), reluctant leavers (RL), enthusiastic stayers (ES), and reluctant stayers (RS). Methods: Repeated Measures ANOVA analyses were based on data from the second and third waves (2014, 2018) of the German lidA Cohort Study, a representative study of employees born in 1959 or 1965. Results: The largest proportion of participants was ES (73.3%), 13.2% stayed with their employer although they would have preferred to leave (RS). 7.1% changed employer between 2014 and 2018 voluntarily (EL), 6.4% involuntarily (RL). Analyses confirmed that the four groups already differed in 2014 in terms of health, work ability, and psychosocial work factors and that these outcomes change in different characteristic patterns over time. Most outcomes improved substantially following the change among EL. RS already reported poor outcomes in 2014 and exhibited a further deterioration while staying at the undesired workplace. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that an employer change is followed by improvements of work, health, and work ability. We conclude that an inclusive labor market policy for older workers allowing for high job mobility may have the potential to contribute to considerable improvements of workers’ individual working conditions, health, and work ability, thereby increasing the work participation. Also, the considerable group of RL requires increased political and scientific attention.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01563-0

Referens

Garthe, N., Hasselhorn, H.M. (2020). Leaving and staying with the employer—Changes in work, health, and work ability among older workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

Working conditions as risk factors for early exit from work—in a cohort of 2351 employees in Germany

d’Errico, A., Burr, H., Pattloch, D. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: We would assess the possible impact of a range of physical and psychosocial working conditions on early exit from paid employment (i.e., before retirement age) in a representative employee population in Germany. Methods: We analysed a cohort from the German Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA) with a baseline of 2351 employees in 2011/12, sampled randomly from the register of integrated employment biographies (IEB) at the Institute for Employment Research (IAB). Follow-up ended mid-2015. Early Exit comprised episodes of either pensioning, long-term sickness absence or unemployment ≥ 18 months. Total follow-up years were 8.422. Working conditions were partly assessed by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Through Cox regressions, associations of baseline working conditions with time to event of exit were estimated—adjusting for baseline age, gender, poverty, fixed-term contract and socioeconomic position. Results: In multiple regressions, awkward body postures (HR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.07–1.44), heavy lifting (1.17; 1.00–1.37) and high work pace (1.41; 1.16–1.72) were associated with exit. The estimated attributable fraction of exit for being exposed to less than optimal work environment was 25%. Regarding specific exit routes, repetitive movements (1.25; 1.03–1.53) increased the risk for the long-term sickness absence; work pace (1.86; 1.22–2.86) and role clarity (0.55; 0.31–1.00) were associated to unemployment; and control over working time (0.72; 0.56–0.95) decreased the risk of the early retirement. Conclusions: Work environment seems to be important for subsequent early exit from work. Physical and psychosocial demands seem to be associated to exit to a stronger extent than resources at work.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01566-x

Referens

d’Errico, A., Burr, H., Pattloch, D. et al. (2020). Working conditions as risk factors for early exit from work—in a cohort of 2351 employees in Germany. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

Work profiles of older employees in Germany-results from the lidA-cohort study

Hasselhorn, H.M., Stiller, M., du Prel, JB. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: This study investigates whether a typology of work exposure can be established among older workers in Germany. Work exposure comprises physical work, working time quality, work intensity, skills & discretion, social environment, leadership, continued education, earnings and work prospects. Methods: Latent profile analysis was conducted on a representative sample of the socially insured workforce in Germany born in 1959 or 1965 (N = 6277). Seven year-prospective associations between the typology and work-related outcomes (physical and mental health, work ability and work-privacy-conflict) were investigated to establish the distinctness of the profiles. Results: Five profiles were identified: “Poor Quality” (19%), “Relaxed Manuals” (30%), “Strained non-Manuals” (16%), “Smooth Running” (33%) and “High Flying” (3%). These profiles exhibited diverging patterns of association with the selected outcomes, thus representing qualitatively distinct subgroups of older workers in Germany. Conclusions: We conclude that a typological approach may broaden the understanding of the ageing work force and the complex interplay of the overall work situation with outcomes of high individual and social relevance such as health, work ability and employment. The five work profiles identified in this study may constitute crucial clusters needed to reliably mirror today’s over-all work exposure patterns in the older work force in Germany. They may allow for the comprehensible monitoring of quality of work and personal life among the older work force during their last working years and their transition to retirement in current times of extending working lives.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-09542-3

Referens

Hasselhorn, H.M., Stiller, M., du Prel, JB. et al. (2020). Work profiles of older employees in Germany-results from the lidA-cohort study. BMC Public Health, 20, 1452.

Physical and psychosocial work factors as explanations for social inequalities in self-rated health

Brønholt, R.L.L., Hansen, M.B., Islamoska, S. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: We investigated the contribution of physical and psychosocial work factors to social inequalities in self-rated health (SRH) in a sample of Danish 40 and 50 years old occupationally active women and men. Methods: In this longitudinal study, the study population consisted of 3338 Danish women and men. Data were collected by postal questionnaires in 2000 (baseline) and 2006 (follow-up). The independent variable, socioeconomic position (SEP), was assessed by the highest achieved educational level at baseline. We conducted gender-stratified parallel multiple mediation analyses. In the mediation analyses, SEP was categorised as SEP I, II, III, VI and V among men. Among women, SEP was dichotomised into SEP I–IV and V. The outcome, SRH, was assessed at baseline and follow-up. A wide range of physical and psychosocial work factors were included as potential mediators. Results: We found a social gradient in SRH across all levels of SEP among men. Among women, we only found a poorer SRH among those with the lowest SEP. Mediation analyses showed that work factors together accounted for 56% of the social inequalities in SRH among men and 44% among women. In both genders, ergonomic exposures and job insecurity seemed to play the major role for social inequalities in SRH. For women only, we also found noise to contribute to the social inequalities in SRH. Conclusion: Physical and psychosocial work factors partially explained social inequalities in SRH among both genders. Improvement of the working environment can potentially contribute to the reduction of social inequalities in health.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-020-01582-x

Referens

Brønholt, R.L.L., Hansen, M.B., Islamoska, S. et al. (2020). Physical and psychosocial work factors as explanations for social inequalities in self-rated health. Int Arch Occup Environ Health.

Validation Of The Copsoq And Bdjd-24 As A Job Demand Scale For Assessing Taxi Drivers’ Safety Performance: Specific Vs. General Job Demands

Husain, N., & Mohamad, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: The Job Demand – Resource Model (JD-R) is a job-stress model that focuses on assessing the effect of the employees’ health-related outcomes, and their performances due to stress induced by their job demands, and job resources. Different occupations possess different combinations of specific job-related demands, and job resources. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) is an established self-reported tool that has been widely used to measure general job demands through the JD-R model. In contrast, the BDJD-24 is a model that was developed to assess the specific job demands of the bus drivers’ job demands. Objective: This study aims to measure the validity and reliability of the job demand questionnaire by applying it on the taxi drivers of Malaysia so as to assess their safety performance (safety motivation and safety compliance). Method: A sample of 33 (N = 333) taxi drivers from the Klang Valley, Malaysia was recruited. Participants completed the questionnaire in the native language (Malay). To examine the psychometric properties of the COPSOQ and BDJD-24, we used the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) derived from SPSS, and then confirmed it with the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) derived from AMOS. Results: The internal consistency was found to be acceptable, between 0.71 to 0.84. The CFA revealed that the taxi drivers’ job demands, as proposed, had a 5-dimensional influence. The five demands (i.e. emotional, hiding emotion, sensory, time, and safety) were clearly distinguished in the factor analysis. The KMO was adequate, at 0.78, and the variance for the 5-factor structure was 51.97%. The CFA also confirmed the correlation among these demands. Discussion: It is found that the COPSOQ and the BDJD-24 measurement were both reliable and valid for measuring the taxi drivers’ job demands. However, the general vs. specific job demands hypothesis, as proposed by the JD-R model, was not supported. The general job demands (emotional demands) were found to be more strongly associated with safety motivation, and safety compliance. The practical implications and limitations of the present study are further discussed in the paper.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Taxichaufförer

Referens

Husain, N., & Mohamad, J. (2020). Validation Of The Copsoq And Bdjd-24 As A Job Demand Scale For Assessing Taxi Drivers’ Safety Performance: Specific Vs. General Job Demands. Journal Of Health And Translational Medicine, 41 - 51.

The Correlation Between Psychosocial Risk Factors And Work Performance In Manufacturing Industry

Nuruzzakiyah, M.I., Ezrin Hani, S., & Hanida, A.A.

Sammanfattning

Nature of psychosocial risk as to the unseen hazards in the working population, potentially exposing the workers towards the adverse effect of mental health. Compromising the well- being of mental health could lead to deterioration of work performance. The objective of this study is to analyze the constructed measure of psychosocial risk factors and work performance of manufacturing workers using statistical analysis. Then, the constructed measure is used to find the correlations between the two factors. A set of the questionnaire is administered to 258 manufacturing workers. The questionnaires were adapted and adopted from Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III), NIOSH Generic Job Stress Questionnaire, and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ 1.0) and the instrument were found to be reliable (Cronbach Alpha value = 0.7 ). After conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis by using Principal Component Analysis, the construct validity to conduct data collection in the manufacturing industry is tested. Using eight factors understudy that already extracted using factor analysis, it is found that there are significant psychosocial risk factors present in the manufacturing industry. As for the association between psychosocial and work performance, it is found that there is a significant association between psychosocial risk factors and work performance. This study is essential to explore the presence of psychosocial risk factors that underlies in the manufacturing industry, which might affect worker performance and well-being. For future research, it is recommended so that this study can be replicated to other manufacturing industry or different types of industries to see the robustness of the developed instruments. At the same time, the issue of psychosocial risk factors and workers' performance also can be identified, and the mitigation can be planned.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Fabriksarbetare

DOI

10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.Special1/art.664

Referens

Nuruzzakiyah, M.I., Ezrin Hani, S., & Hanida, A.A. (2020). The Correlation Between Psychosocial Risk Factors And Work Performance In Manufacturing Industry. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, Special Volume (1): 23-29.

The importance of appraisal in stressor–well-being relationships and the examination of personality traits as boundary conditions

Smith, R.W., DeNunzio, M.M., Haynes, N.J. and Thiele, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of appraisals in three stressor–wellbeing relationships: (1) the mediating role of challenge appraisals in the relationship between daily skill demands and daily work engagement, (2) the mediating role of hindrance appraisals in the relationship between daily interruptions and daily depletion and (3) the mediating role of threat appraisals in the relationship between daily emotional demands and daily anxiety. We also examined the moderating influence of conscientiousness on the daily skill demands–challenge appraisal relationship, the moderating role of extraversion on the daily interruptions–hindrance appraisal relationship and the moderating influence of neuroticism on the daily emotional demands–threat appraisal relationship. Supplemental analyses also examined the moderating influence of the aforementioned personality traits on the respective direct effects of stressors on well-being outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: We tested our hypotheses using a 5-days experience sampling design in a sample of 114 working adults and employed multilevel modeling. Findings: All hypothesized mediating mechanisms were supported, however, the majority of moderation hypotheses were not supported. Originality/value: We sought to extend the relatively recent advancement in the challenge–hindrance framework to provide additional evidence of the utility of distinguishing between challenge, hindrance and threat stressors. Although not supported, this is the one of the first papers to test the moderating influence of personality traits on the stressor–appraisal relationship.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/JMP-11-2019-0649

Referens

Smith, R.W., DeNunzio, M.M., Haynes, N.J. and Thiele, A. (2020). The importance of appraisal in stressor–well-being relationships and the examination of personality traits as boundary conditions. Journal of Managerial Psychology.

Work‐related stress and wellbeing among nurses: Testing a multi‐dimensional model

Vallone, F., Smith, A.P., Zurlo, M.C.

Sammanfattning

Aim: Basing on the Demands‐Resources and Individual‐Effects (DRIVE) Model developed by Mark and Smith in 2008, the study aims to propose and test a multi‐dimensional model that combines work characteristics, individual characteristics, and work–family interface dimensions as predictors of nurses' psychophysical health. Methods: Self‐report questionnaires assessing work characteristics (effort; rewards; job demands; job control; social support), individual characteristics (socio‐demographic characteristics; coping strategies; Type A behavioral pattern; Type D personality), work–family interface dimensions (work–family interrole conflict; job and life satisfaction), and health outcomes (psychological disease; physical disease) were completed by 450 Italian nurses. Logistic regression analyses and Hayes' PROCESS tool were used to test the proposed model by exploring main, moderating and mediating hypotheses. Results: Findings confirmed the proposed theoretical framework including work characteristics, individual characteristics, and work–family interface dimensions as significant predictors of nurses' psychophysical disease. Specific main, moderating and mediating effects were found, providing a wide set of multiple risks and protective factors. Conclusions: The study allowed a broader understanding of nurses' work‐related stress process, providing a comprehensive tool for the assessment of occupational health and for the definition of tailored policies and interventions in public healthcare organizations to promote nurses' wellbeing.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jjns.12360

Referens

Vallone, F., Smith, A.P., Zurlo, M.C. (2020). Work‐related stress and wellbeing among nurses: Testing a multi‐dimensional model. Jpn J Nurs Sci, 17:e12360.

Downsizing and surviving employees' engagement and strain: The role of job resources and job demands

Dlouhy, K., Casper, A.

Sammanfattning

Downsizing is widely assumed to detrimentally affect surviving employees' engagement and health through increased demands and decreased resources. Building on job demands–resources theory, we assess whether these effects occur and whether job demands and resources moderate the detrimental effects of downsizing on employee health and engagement. We conceptualize downsizing as a stressor event, and we explain its relationship with employee health through the job demands work overload and job insecurity are (two) job demands, as well as its relationship with employee engagement through the job resources supervisor support and opportunities for development are job resources. Using data from two large representative samples of German employees, we show that job demands mediate the negative relationship between downsizing and employees' psychological and physical health and that job resources mediate the negative relationship between downsizing and engagement. We find little support for the assumption that job resources alleviate the indirect effects of downsizing on surviving employees' health, or that job demands strengthen the indirect effects of downsizing on surviving employees' engagement. We discuss how these findings expand our understanding of downsizing and outline practical implications for human resource practitioners.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/hrm.22032

Referens

Dlouhy, K., Casper, A. (2020). Downsizing and surviving employees' engagement and strain: The role of job resources and job demands. Hum Resour Manage, 1-20.

Comparing perceived psychosocial working conditions of nurses and physicians in two university hospitals in Germany with other German professionals - feasibility of scale conversion between two versions of the German Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ)

Wagner, A., Nübling, M., Hammer, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: In 2015, the WorkSafeMed study assessed, amongst others, perceived psychosocial working conditions in nurses (n = 567) and physicians (n = 381) from two German university hospitals using scales from the German standard version of the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). This standard version is based on the international COPSOQ I and II. Since 2017, a further developed version of the German COPSOQ (G-COPSOQ III) has been available and data from this version are stored in the German COPSOQ database. The aim of the present study was to compare scales depicting perceived psychosocial workloads and strain in hospital staff from the WorkSafeMed study with reference data (hospital care nurses, general hospital physicians, reference values across all occupations) from the German COPSOQ database (2012–2017). As preliminary work, we explored whether a conversion of COPSOQ scales based on data from the WorkSafeMed study to the G-COPSOQ III scales was possible. Methods: We applied a multistep approach for conversion. First, we compared 17 COPSOQ scales used in the WorkSafeMed study with the corresponding scales from the G-COPSOQ III according to content and then decided if a conversion was appropriate. If possible, we converted WorkSafeMed scales - the converted scales comprised the same content and number of items as in G-COPSOQ III. An explorative statistical analysis for each original and converted WorkSafeMed scale followed detecting possible statistical and relevant differences between the scales. We then compared converted WorkSafeMed scales with reference data from the German COPSOQ database. Results: Based on the comparison undertaken according to content, a conversion was possible for 16 scales. Using the data from the WorkSafeMed study, the statistical analysis showed only differences between original and converted COPSOQ scales “control over working time” (mean 40.2 vs. 51.8, dCohen = 0.56) and “social relations” (mean 55.6 vs. 41.8, dCohen = − 0.55). Comparing converted WorkSafeMed scales with reference data revealed higher values for “quantitative demands”, “work-privacy-conflict”, and “job satisfaction” in the WorkSafeMed sample. Conclusions: The conversion of WorkSafeMed scales was appropriate, allowed a comparison with three reference values in the German COPSOQ database and revealed some implications for improving psychosocial working conditions of nurses and physicians in university hospitals in Germany.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12995-020-00277-w

Referens

Wagner, A., Nübling, M., Hammer, A. et al. (2020). Comparing perceived psychosocial working conditions of nurses and physicians in two university hospitals in Germany with other German professionals - feasibility of scale conversion between two versions of the German Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). J Occup Med Toxicol, 15, 26.

Meaning of work in a group of school principals: the role of organizational variables

Buonomo, I., Benevene, P. and Fiorilli, C.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Principals’ beliefs about their profession are of great interest for schools in terms of organizational development and success. Furthermore, as meaning is a dimension of eudaimonic well-being, studying the principal meaning of work allows us to deepen the knowledge about their professional well-being, too. According to studies on non-educational contexts, the meaning of work is influenced by several organizational variables (such as possibilities for professional development and organizational commitment). Despite this, several school workers still lack to recognize the role played in this regard. Trying to fulfill these gaps partially, the purpose of this study is to verify the incremental effect of organizational dimensions and positive feedback from colleagues above and beyond positive beliefs about work. Design/methodology/approach: An Italian version of the COPSOQ II adapted to school principals was administered to 1,616 school principals. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted, considering three blocks of variables, namely, positive personal beliefs about work (job satisfaction and self-efficacy); organizational dimensions (role clarity, possibilities for development and sense of belonging to the workplace); positive feedback from colleagues. Findings: Overall, the variables explained 45% of the variance of the meaning of work. While organizational variables accounted for an incremental 24% of the variance, above and beyond the personal experience of work (F (5, 1,610) = 267.378, p = 0.000), positive feedback from colleagues did not show a significant effect originality. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study regarding the meaning of work at school with specific reference to school principals. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study regarding the meaning of work at school and with specific reference to school principals.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Rektorer

DOI

10.1108/JWL-12-2019-0146

Referens

Buonomo, I., Benevene, P. and Fiorilli, C. (2020). Meaning of work in a group of school principals: the role of organizational variables. Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol. 32 No. 6, 389-403.

Assessing Work Stressors in the Health Care Sector by Combining External Observation and Health Professionals’ Self-report in a Cross-sectional Study Design

Peter, K., Hahn, S., Stadelmann, E., Halfens, R.J.G., Schols, J.M.G.A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Health professionals are particularly affected by work stressors and various methods have already been used to assess them. Linking health professionals’ self-report and external observations can provide a more detailed assessment of stressors, since conclusions for interventions can be derived from their agreement. Since there is a lack of studies in the health sector linking both data sources, the aim of this study is to identify the convergence between health professionals’ self-reports and external observations. Methods: Data were collected in general hospitals, nursing homes, psychiatric institutions and home-care organizations in a cross-sectional study design. 110 health professionals were observed during one entire shift, by one of eight trained external observers. Health professionals and observer separately filled out a questionnaire on work stressors after the observation. For data analysis multiple regression models using bootstrap were calculated considering possible observer effects. Results: Convergent scores for 3 of 9 tested scales on ‘predictability’ of work, ‘social community’ and ‘social relations’ (p>0.05) at work, were identified. However, health professionals rated their ‘quantitative’ (p=0.001), ‘sensorial’ (p=0.001) and ‘physical demands’ (p=0.001) significantly higher than the external observers did. On the contrary, external observers perceived the ‘possibilities for development’ (p=0.007), ‘influence at work’ (p=0.032) and ‘social support at work’ (p=0.002) as lower than did the health professionals. Results also indicate a significant influence of different work settings (p<0.05) on the convergence of self-assessed and observed work stressors. Conclusions: This study reveal that results on work stressors can be influenced by the chosen method for data collection, which should be considered when using one method only. Moreover, differences between the settings indicate that results on work stressors from one health-care setting cannot be easily transferred to another.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Peter, K., Hahn, S., Stadelmann, E., Halfens, R.J.G., Schols, J.M.G.A. (2020). Assessing Work Stressors in the Health Care Sector by Combining External Observation and Health Professionals’ Self-report in a Cross-sectional Study Design. Occupational Medicine & Health Affairs, 8, 1.

Analyzing the effect of social interaction on job demands and health in the example of flexible shiftwork

Niessen, P., Stockinger, C., Zoeller, I.

Sammanfattning

In the literature, shiftwork-related stress is often connected with health complaints. However, it has been shown that these are not equally distributed. Further reasons must exist as to why stress resulting from shiftwork only affects health in some cases. In a study with 653 employees working in highly flexible shiftwork conditions, an examination was made of the factors affecting the relationship between job demands and health status. The results show that satisfaction with leadership influences whether unevenly distributed work and time pressure have a significant impact on health. The factor of other people living in the household significantly influences whether time pressure and emotional stress lead to health complaints. The study concluded that the impact of social interaction as a resource is not limited to the workplace. Social interaction, as a personal resource, can be helpful in both the professional and private spheres.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Skiftarbetare

DOI

10.1080/10803548.2020.1789318

Referens

Niessen, P., Stockinger, C., Zoeller, I. (2020). Analyzing the effect of social interaction on job demands and health in the example of flexible shiftwork. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics.

Social Networks of Nursing Units as Predictors of Organizational Commitment and Intent to Leave of Nurses

Won, H.-J.

Sammanfattning

This study attempted to examine the structural characteristics of the social network of nursing units by dividing them into a job-related advice network and a friendship network, and to analyze the relationship between nurse organizational commitment and intent to leave. The subjects were 420 nurses working in 4 hospitals and 30 nursing units. Data were analyzed using UCINET 6.0, SPSS 20.0 and HLM 7.0. In job-related advice networks, degree centrality of head nurse contributed to organizational commitment. Network density contributed to intent to leave. In friendship networks, closeness centrality of head nurses and betweenness centrality of charge nurse contributed to organizational commitment. Density and betweenness centrality of charge nurses contributed to intent to leave. Accordingly, it is necessary to foster good relationships between nurses and to develop various types of strategies for building effective networks.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.5392/JKCA.2020.20.06.187

Referens

Won, H.-J. (2020). Social Networks of Nursing Units as Predictors of Organizational Commitment and Intent to Leave of Nurses. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 20(6), 187–196.

Why busy leaders may have exhausted followers: a multilevel perspective on supportive leadership

Stein, M., Vincent-Höper, S. and Gregersen, S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study of leaders and followers working in day-care centers aims to use a multilevel perspective on supportive leadership to examine its role in linking workload at the leader level and emotional exhaustion at the follower level. Integrating theoretical work on social support with conservation of resources (COR) theory, leaders' workload is proposed to be positively related to followers' feelings of emotional exhaustion through constraining the enactment of supportive leadership. Design/methodology/approach: Multisource survey data from 442 followers and their leaders from 68 teams were collected to test the hypotheses. Findings: Multilevel analyses showed that leader workload was negatively related to followers' perception of supportive leadership, which, in turn, was positively related to followers' levels of emotional exhaustion. Leader workload was indirectly and positively related to follower emotional exhaustion via supportive leadership. Research limitations/implications: This study provides initial support for the idea that work contextual factors at the leader level create boundaries for the extent to which leaders may provide support to their followers and draws attention to the accountability of leaders' work contextual factors for followers' well-being. Practical implications: The findings suggest that organizations must not focus narrowly on training leaders on how to benefit followers but should also aim to optimize leaders' levels of workload to enable them to act in a supportive manner. Originality/value: By considering both the receivers (i.e. followers) and providers (i.e. leaders) of support simultaneously, we take a crossover approach to COR theory and acknowledge that work contextual factors at higher organizational levels may spread to employee well-being at lower levels of the organization.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Förskolelärare

DOI

10.1108/LODJ-11-2019-0477

Referens

Stein, M., Vincent-Höper, S. and Gregersen, S. (2020). Why busy leaders may have exhausted followers: a multilevel perspective on supportive leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 41 No. 6, 829-845.

Telework in academia: associations with health and well-being among staff

Heiden, M., Widar, L., Wiitavaara, B. et al.

Sammanfattning

As the development of technical aids for telework has progressed, work has become more flexible in time and space. Among academics, the opportunity to telework has been embraced by most, but it is unclear how it relates to their health and well-being. The aim of this study was to determine how frequency and amount of telework is associated with perceived health, stress, recuperation, work-life balance, and intrinsic work motivation among teaching and research academics. An electronic questionnaire was sent to junior lecturers, senior lecturers, and professors at Swedish public universities. It included the General Health Questionnaire, Work Stress Questionnaire, items for assessing recuperation, the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction at Work scale, and parts of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, as well as questions about the frequency and amount of telework performed. In total, 392 academics responded to the survey. Multivariate analysis of variance showed significant differences between groups of academics with different telework frequency (p < 0.05). Univariate analyses of variance showed that ratings of stress related to indistinct organization and conflicts were higher among academics that telework several times per week or more than among academics that telework less than once per month. In regression analyses of associations between amount of telework (in hours per week) and the dependent variables, no significant effects were found. Although it cannot be concluded whether stress is a cause or an effect of frequent telework, the findings warrant further attention to academics who telework frequently.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Akademiker

DOI

10.1007/s10734-020-00569-4

Referens

Heiden, M., Widar, L., Wiitavaara, B. et al. (2020). Telework in academia: associations with health and well-being among staff. High Educ.

Improving Early Care and Education Professionals’ Teaching Self-Efficacy and Well-Being: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study

Tanaka, R. N., Boyce, K. L., Chinn, C. C., Murphy, N. K.

Sammanfattning

Research Findings: Early care and education (ECE) professionals experience a myriad of challenges that adversely impact their well-being as well as their ability to have the greatest teaching impact on the children they serve. There is general agreement that Professional Development (PD) can improve teaching practices. The current study examined the impact of a PD experience that included both adaptive work (e.g., addressing educators’ existing strengths, challenges, belief systems, stress levels, and self-care) and technical training (e.g., strategies for addressing children’s challenging behavior). This PD experience was implemented with 62 ECE professionals living on the islands of Hawai’i over 10 weeks and consisted of in-person sessions, web-based sessions, and a community of practice. Findings from this study suggest high ratings of effectiveness of the PD experience and positive improvements in ECE professionals’ ratings of their teaching self-efficacy and well-being. Practice or Policy: The results from this study suggest that PD incorporating adaptive work can improve teaching self-efficacy and could be implemented as part of every PD session. PD that incorporates an emphasis on teachers’ well-being and actively strives to promote their well-being may be as important to ECE professionals as some other strategies targeted to improve work environments and classroom quality.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Förskolelärare

DOI

10.1080/10409289.2020.1794246

Referens

Tanaka, R. N., Boyce, K. L., Chinn, C. C., Murphy, N. K. (2020). Improving Early Care and Education Professionals’ Teaching Self-Efficacy and Well-Being: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study. Early Education and Development, 31:7, 1089-1111.

Prevalence and predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among Australian police and emergency services employees

Kyron, M.J., Rikkers, W., Page, A.C. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study presents rates of suicide thoughts and behaviours of police and emergency services personnel around Australia. In addition, it examines personal (i.e. mental health, substance use) and working environment risk and protective factors. Method: A stratified random sample of personnel from 33 Australian emergency services organisations were invited to participate in a mental health and wellbeing survey. In total, 14,868 Australian ambulance, fire and rescue, police and state emergency services employees participated and self-reported any suicidal thoughts, plans and/or attempts in the 12 months prior to the survey or at any stage in their life. Logistic regressions assessed factors associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Results: Employees reported notably higher rates of suicidal thoughts and plans than the general Australian adult population, but not attempts. Male, single/divorced, non-heterosexual or longer-serving employees reported higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviours across each sector. Perceptions of stigma regarding mental health conditions from others in the workplace, negative impact of work on one’s private life and low meaning of work were associated with suicidal thoughts, while bullying significantly differentiated who planned and attempted suicide from those who reported suicidal thoughts only. Higher resilience and social support were associated with lower suicidal thoughts, while intermittent explosive anger and illegal drug use were associated with higher rates of suicidal thoughts. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms significantly differentiated who planned suicide, while misuse of prescription drugs and psychological distress differentiated who attempted suicide from those who only reported suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: Amid inherently stressful occupations, it is important that workplaces function in a way that supports their personnel. Access to mental health services should be promoted and readily available to personnel.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien, Nya Zeeland

Yrken

Poliser, Räddningstjänstpersonal

DOI

10.1177/0004867420937774

Referens

Kyron, M.J., Rikkers, W., Page, A.C. et al. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among Australian police and emergency services employees. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry.

The Association Between Prosocialness, Relational-Interdependent Self-construal and Gender in Relation to Burnout Among Swedish Clergy

Buratti, S., Geisler, M. & Allwood, C.M.

Sammanfattning

Serving as a clergyperson is a highly variable profession and in recent decades, the role has evolved and expanded even further. Consequently, the demands have increased and with it the risk for stress-related ill-health and absenteeism. The aim of the current study was to evaluate, in a larger sample of Swedish clergy (N = 871), two possible antecedents of burnout, namely prosocialness and relational-interdependent self-construal. A further aim was to explore potential gender differences in the investigated associations. The direct and indirect relationships of prosocialness and relational-interdependent self-construal to two dimensions of burnout, exhaustion, and disengagement were investigated in a structural equation-modelling framework. The results showed that clergy who reported higher prosocialness experienced more stress in their work, in terms of both quantitative and emotional demands, which in turn was associated with higher levels of exhaustion and disengagement. But prosocialness was also found to be directly associated with lower levels of disengagement, as well as indirectly associated with higher levels of role clarity. However, no direct or indirect associations were found between relational-interdependent self-construal and any dimension of burnout. Regarding gender differences, female clergy reported higher levels of prosocialness and job demands, less role clarity, and in turn more exhaustion compared to male clergy. This indicated a more stressful situation for female clergy. Our study contributes new insights into the role that personality plays in different dimensions of burnout in clergy, as well as insights into an understanding of gender differences in burnout among clergy.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Präster

DOI

10.1007/s13644-020-00420-3

Referens

Buratti, S., Geisler, M. & Allwood, C.M. (2020). The Association Between Prosocialness, Relational-Interdependent Self-construal and Gender in Relation to Burnout Among Swedish Clergy. Rev Relig Res, 62, 583–602.

Design and validity of a questionnaire for measuring psychosocial risk factors and burnout

Jacobo-Galicia, G., Máynez-Guaderrama, A. I.

Sammanfattning

In recent years, burnout has emerged as one of the most important work risks. Continuous chronical emotional and interpersonal stressors at the workplace can lead to burnout. Among those, psychosocial risk factors are things, events, or circumstances that may affect workers' health due to their work and workplace conditions and may result in burnout. The purpose of this research was to design and validate a scale to evaluate the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and burnout within the aerospace manufacturing industry. A reliable, valid scale was obtained, which can be applied to operative personnel.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Fabriksarbetare

DOI

10.15446/dyna.v87n214.85187

Referens

Jacobo-Galicia, G., Máynez-Guaderrama, A. I. (2020). Design and validity of a questionnaire for measuring psychosocial risk factors and burnout. DYNA, 87(214), 66-74.

Joint association of physical and psychosocial working conditions with risk of long-term sickness absence: Prospective cohort study with register follow-up

Sundstrup, E., Andersen, L.L.

Sammanfattning

Aims: The interplay between physical and psychosocial working conditions for the risk of developing poor health is not well understood. This study aimed to determine the joint association of physical and psychosocial working conditions with risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in the general working population. Methods: Based on questionnaire responses about physical working conditions and psychosocial working conditions (influence at work, emotional demands, support from colleagues and support from managers) and two-year prospective follow-up in a national register on social transfer payments, we estimated the risk of incident LTSA of >30 days among 9544 employees without previous LTSA from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. The analyses were censored for all events of permanent labour market drop-out (retirement, disability pension, immigration or death) and controlled for potential confounders. Results: In the total cohort, more demanding physical working conditions were associated with risk of LTSA in a dose–response fashion (trend test, p<0.0001). The combination of poor overall psychosocial working conditions (index measure of influence at work, emotional demands, support from managers and support from colleagues) and hard physical working conditions showed the highest risk of LTSA. However, poor overall psychosocial working conditions did not interact with physical working conditions in the risk of LTSA (p=0.9677). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that workplaces should strive to improve both psychosocial and physical work factors in order to ensure the health of workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494820936423

Referens

Sundstrup, E., Andersen, L.L. (2020). Joint association of physical and psychosocial working conditions with risk of long-term sickness absence: Prospective cohort study with register follow-up. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.

The relationship between psychosocial characteristics of the work environment and job satisfaction in an Italian public ECE service: A cross-lagged study

Viotti, S., Sottimano, I., Converso, D., Guidetti, G.

Sammanfattning

The present study uses a revised version of the Motivation–Hygiene theory as a theoretical framework to examine the cross-lagged associations in a sample of Italian pre-kindergarten (pre-k) teachers between job satisfaction and two types of psychosocial characteristics of the work environment: motivating factors (i.e., job demands, work meaning, and role clarity) and hygiene factors (i.e., work–family conflict, rewards, peer support, and superior support). In total, 349 pre-k teachers employed in a municipal early childhood education system of a city in Northwest Italy completed a questionnaire at two time points one year apart. Cross-lagged path analysis indicated a positive reciprocal relationship between job satisfaction and work meaning. The paths from job demands and superior support at Time 1 to job satisfaction at Time 2 were found to be significant. Finally, the path from job satisfaction at Time 1 to role clarity at Time 2 was positive and significant. The present study confirms the results of previous literature suggesting that motivating factors are more strictly associated than hygiene factors with job satisfaction. Moreover, it expands current knowledge by highlighting the importance of examining both the directionality of associations between the psychosocial characteristics of the work environment and job satisfaction. From a practical point of view, the study findings are important because they help identify possible interventions to promote the quality of work life and improve the quality of the service provided by Italian pre-k teachers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Förskolelärare

DOI

10.1016/j.ecresq.2020.06.002

Referens

Viotti, S., Sottimano, I., Converso, D., Guidetti, G. (2020). The relationship between psychosocial characteristics of the work environment and job satisfaction in an Italian public ECE service: A cross-lagged study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, Volume 53, 464-475.

Factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability among cleaners – cross-sectional study

Sotrate Gonçalves, J., de Oliveira Sato, T.

Sammanfattning

Background: The professionals who perform cleaning activity constitute a major economic sector in Brazil. Cleaners may develop health problems related to the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. It is necessary to understand the working and health conditions of cleaners in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability (HRV) among cleaners. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at a public higher education institution with 45 outsourced cleaners following approval from the institutional ethics committee. The participants answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic, occupational and health data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire (work and leisure) and the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Clinical data (height, body mass, waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure) and heart rate variability (HRV) were also collected. Logistic and linear regression models were created to identify factors associated with symptoms and HRV. Results: The sample consisted of women (100%) predominantly older than 50 years of age (44%), without a conjugal life (64%), with three or more children (59%), low educational level (58%) and who worked less than 12 months at the company (87%). Systemic arterial hypertension (23%) was the most reported health problem. The highest frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms was identified in the lower limbs (ankles/feet: 31% in the previous 12 months and 24% in the previous 7 days; knees: 31% in the previous 12 months and 20% in the previous 7 days). Moreover, the workers reported not practicing physical activity during leisure time (84%). Psychosocial aspects indicated health risks for the dimensions “influence at work” (74%), “burnout” (59%) and “stress” (52%). Associations were found between ankle/foot symptoms and body mass index, shoulder symptoms and predictability, and knee symptoms and self-rated health and burnout. HRV indices were associated with age. Conclusions: This study outlined the profile of female cleaners and identified risk factors. The workers exhibited musculoskeletal symptoms, which were associated with the body mass index and some psychosocial factors. HRV indices were associated with age. Thus, health promotion and prevention measures should be taken to benefit this population of workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Lokalvårdare

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-08928-7

Referens

Sotrate Gonçalves, J., de Oliveira Sato, T. (2020). Factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability among cleaners – cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 20, 774.

The relationship between personality, work, and personal factors to burnout among clinical psychologists: exploring gender differences in Sweden

Allwood, M. C., Geisler, M., Buratti, S.

Sammanfattning

This study investigated the effects of gender, personality (prosocialness, relational-interdependent self-construal, and brooding), job demands, affective work rumination, and personal-to-work conflict on burnout (exhaustion and disengagement), among clinical public-health psychologists in Sweden. The participants answered a self-report questionnaire (n = 828). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that affective work-rumination, brooding and personal-to-work conflict were most strongly associated with exhaustion, whereas affective work-rumination, brooding, role conflict, and prosocialness most strongly predicted disengagement. Furthermore, in the full models, quantitative job demands and relational-interdependent self-construal related to exhaustion, whereas emotional demands related to disengagement. Interestingly, role conflict had a positive relation and emotional demands a negative relation to disengagement. Women reported higher exhaustion, but not higher disengagement, than men. Women also reported higher levels on most of the independent variables. In sum, the results show that a broad range of factors influence burnout among clinical psychologists.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Psykologer

DOI

10.1080/09515070.2020.1768050

Referens

Allwood, M. C., Geisler, M., Buratti, S. (2020). The relationship between personality, work, and personal factors to burnout among clinical psychologists: exploring gender differences in Sweden. Counselling Psychology Quarterly.

Work factors facilitating working beyond state pension age: Prospective cohort study with register follow-up

Andersen, L.L., Thorsen, S.V., Larsen, M., Sundstrup, E., Boot, C.R., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Objectives The demographic changes in Europe underline the need for an extension of working lives. This study investigates the importance of physical work demands and psychosocial work factors for working beyond the state pension age (65 years). Methods We combined data from three cohorts of the general working population in Denmark (DWECS 2005 and 2010, and DANES 2008), where actively employed workers aged 55-59 years replied to questionnaires about work environment and were followed until the age of 66 years in the Danish AMRun register of paid employment. Using logistic regression analyses, we calculated prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between physical and psychosocial work factors and working beyond state pension age, adjusted for age, sex, cohort, cohabiting, sector, income, vocational education, working hours, lifestyle, and previous sickness absence. Results Of the 2884 workers aged 55-59 years, 1023 (35.5%) worked beyond the state pension age. Higher physical work demands was associated with a lower likelihood (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.58-0.82) and a good psychosocial work environment was associated with higher likelihood (average of 7 items: PR 1.81, 95% CI 1.49-2.20) of working beyond state pension age. Stratified analyses did not change the overall pattern, ie, a good overall psychosocial work environment - as well as several specific psychosocial factors - increased the likelihood of working beyond state pension age, both for those with physically active and seated work. Conclusion While high physical work demands was a barrier, a good psychosocial work environment seems to facilitate working beyond state pension age, also for those with physically active work.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3904

Referens

Andersen, L.L., Thorsen, S.V., Larsen, M., Sundstrup, E., Boot, C.R., Rugulies, R. (2020). Work factors facilitating working beyond state pension age: Prospective cohort study with register follow-up. Scand J Work Environ Health, 28:3904.

Burnout and Its Correlates in Research Administrators

Tabakakis, K., Sloane, K., Besch, J., To, Q. G.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To identify the prevalence and correlates of burnout among research administrators. Background: Research administration is characterized by increasing government regulation, hyper-competitiveness, institutional management of growing complexity, and changing economic conditions. However, there is a lack of research on burnout among research administrators. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,416 research administrators from four associations in Australia, Canada, the U.K, and the U.S. between October 2018 and January 2019. An online questionnaire was used for data collection. Burnout and workplace factors were measured using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II. respectively. Results: The prevalence of high personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout was 68.3%, 60.0%, and 37.0%, respectively. Gender, considered leaving the profession, average working hours/week, self-rated health, job satisfaction, quantitative demands, tempo (work pace), influence at work, predictability, recognition, role clarity, quality of leadership, work-family conflict, justice and respect, vertical trust, threats of violence, and bullying were associated with all three forms of burnout among research administrators. Conclusion: Burnout is common among research administrators. Research organizations are responsible for providing healthy work environments to ensure positive client, research administrator, and organizational outcomes. Future research is required to examine workplace approaches to improving the psychosocial work environment.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada, Australien, Storbritannien, USA

Yrken

Forskningsadministratörer

Referens

Tabakakis, K., Sloane, K., Besch, J., To, Q. G. (2020). Burnout and Its Correlates in Research Administrators. Research Management Review, 24, 1.

Precarious working conditions and psychosocial work stress act as a risk factor for symptoms of postpartum depression during maternity leave: results from a longitudinal cohort study

Karl, M., Schaber, R., Kress, V. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The majority of Western women work during their reproductive years, but past research has often neglected the influence of work-related factors on postpartum mental health. Especially postpartum depression (PPD) is an enormous psychological burden for mothers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prospective impact of precarious working conditions and psychosocial work stress during pregnancy (such as work-privacy conflict and effort-reward imbalance at the job) on symptoms of maternal PPD. Methods: In the prospective-longitudinal cohort study DREAM (DResdner Studie zu Elternschaft, Arbeit und Mentaler Gesundheit), N = 587 employed women were questioned about their work during pregnancy and their mental health 8 weeks after delivery. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed that work-privacy conflict, low reward at work, and precarious working conditions significantly predicted symptoms of PPD, even when controlling for lifetime depression, anxiety, education, parity, and age. Conclusion: Our results indicate that psychosocial work stress and precarious working conditions have important implications for maternal peripartum mental health. They might act as prospective risk factors for PPD during the period of maternal leave. Hence, future research should focus on preventative measures targeting work life.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-09573-w

Referens

Karl, M., Schaber, R., Kress, V. et al. (2020). Precarious working conditions and psychosocial work stress act as a risk factor for symptoms of postpartum depression during maternity leave: results from a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Public Health, 20, 1505.

Cardiovascular health outcomes of mobbing at work: results of the population-based, five-year follow-up of the Gutenberg health study

Romero Starke, K., Hegewald, J., Schulz, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if there is an increased risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) resulting from workplace mobbing measured with two mobbing instruments in the Gutenberg Health Study. Methods: In this prospective study, we examined working persons younger than 65 years for the presence of mobbing at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up using a single-item and a 5-item instrument. We used multivariate models to investigate the association between mobbing and incident CVD, hypertension, and change in arterial stiffness and further stratified the models by sex. Results: After adjustment for confounders, mobbed workers appeared to have a higher risk of incident CVD than those not mobbed (single-item HR = 1.28, 95% CI 0.73–2.24; 5-item HR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.96–2.54). With the 5-item instrument, men who reported mobbing had a higher risk of incident CVD (HR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.01–3.09), while no association was observed for women (HR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.38–2.91). There was no difference in risks between men and women with the single-item instrument. No association between mobbing and incident hypertension and arterial stiffness was seen. Conclusions: Our results show an indication of an increased risk of incident CVD for those mobbed at baseline when using the whole study population. Differences in risks between men and women when using the five-item instrument may be due to the instrument itself. Still, it is essential to detect or prevent workplace mobbing, and if present, to apply an intervention to halt it in order to minimize its adverse effects on CVD.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12995-020-00266-z

Referens

Romero Starke, K., Hegewald, J., Schulz, A. et al. (2020). Cardiovascular health outcomes of mobbing at work: results of the population-based, five-year follow-up of the Gutenberg health study. J Occup Med Toxicol, 15, 15.

On-site multi-component intervention to improve productivity and reduce the economic and personal burden of neck pain in Swiss office-workers (NEXpro): protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Aegerter, A.M., Deforth, M., Johnston, V. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Non-specific neck pain and headache are major economic and individual burden in office-workers. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a multi-component intervention combining workstation ergonomics, health promotion information group workshops, neck exercises, and an app to enhance intervention adherence to assess possible reductions in the economic and individual burden of prevalent and incident neck pain and headache in office workers. Methods/design: This study is a stepped wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Eligible participants will be any office-worker aged 18–65 years from two Swiss organisations in the Cantons of Zurich and Aargau, working more than 25 h a week in predominantly sedentary office work and without serious health conditions of the neck. One hundred twenty voluntary participants will be assigned to 15 clusters which, at randomly selected time steps, switch from the control to the intervention group. The intervention will last 12 weeks and comprises workstation ergonomics, health promotion information group workshops, neck exercises and an adherence app. The primary outcome will be health-related productivity losses (presenteeism, absenteeism) using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are neck disability and pain (measured by the Neck Disability Index, and muscle strength and endurance measures), headache (measured by the short-form headache impact test), psychosocial outcomes (e.g. job-stress index, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire), workplace outcomes (e.g. workstation ergonomics), adherence to intervention, and additional measures (e.g. care-seeking). Measurements will take place at baseline, 4 months, 8 months, and 12 months after commencement. Data will be analysed on an intention to treat basis and per protocol. Primary and secondary outcomes will be examined using linear mixed-effects models. Discussion: To the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first that investigates the impact of a multi-component intervention combining current evidence of effective interventions with an adherence app to assess the potential benefits on productivity, prevalent and incident neck pain, and headache. The outcomes will impact the individual, their workplace, as well as private and public policy by offering evidence for treatment and prevention of neck pain and headache in office-workers. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04169646. Registered 15 November 2019 - Retrospectively registered.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12891-020-03388-x

Referens

Aegerter, A.M., Deforth, M., Johnston, V. et al. (2020). On-site multi-component intervention to improve productivity and reduce the economic and personal burden of neck pain in Swiss office-workers (NEXpro): protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 21, 391.

Health and intention to leave the profession of nursing - which individual, social and organisational resources buffer the impact of quantitative demands? A cross-sectional study

Diehl, E., Rieger, S., Letzel, S. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study was to analyse the buffering effect of individual, social and organisational resources on health and intention to leave the profession in the context of burden due to quantitative job demands. Methods: In 2017, a cross-sectional survey was carried out anonymously among nurses in palliative care in Germany. One thousand three hundred sixteen nurses responded to the questionnaire (response rate 38.7%), which contained, amongst others, questions from the German version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Moderator analyses were conducted to investigate the buffering effect of different resources on health (‘self-rated health’ and ‘burnout’) and ‘intention to leave’ in the context of quantitative demands. Results: ‘Self-rated health’ was significantly buffered by the resources ‘recognition through salary’ (p = 0.001) and ‘good working team’ (p = 0.004). Additionally, buffering effects of the resources ‘workplace commitment’ and ‘good working team’ on ‘burnout’ (p = 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively) as well as of the resources ‘degree of freedom’, ‘meeting relatives after death of patients’, ‘recognition from supervisor’ and ‘possibilities for development’ on ‘intention to leave’ (p = 0.014, p = 0.012, p = 0.007 and p = 0.036, respectively) were observed. Conclusions: The results of our study can be used to develop and implement job (re) design interventions with the goal of reducing the risk of burnout and enhancing job satisfaction among nurses in palliative care. This includes for example adequate payment, communication training and team activities or team events to strengthen the team as well as the implementation of some rituals (such as meeting relatives after the death of patients). As our study was exploratory, the results should be confirmed in further studies.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1186/s12904-020-00589-y

Referens

Diehl, E., Rieger, S., Letzel, S. et al. (2020). Health and intention to leave the profession of nursing - which individual, social and organisational resources buffer the impact of quantitative demands? A cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care, 19, 83.

A complex view of perceived job insecurity: Relationship between three domains and their respective cognitive and affective components

Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Moriña, D., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between three domains of job insecurity, namely job loss insecurity, insecurity regarding working conditions and labor market insecurity, taking into account both their cognitive and affective components. Relationships with other related factors such as worker’s sociodemographic characteristics, household economic circumstances and occupational factors related to job insecurity are also shown. In order to achieve this we have used log-linear models and multiple correspondence analysis. By considering three domains and two components of perceived insecurity simultaneously, relevant aspects not previously observed of the relationships between them and related factors are revealed. This cross-sectional study of the wage-earning population in Spain in 2016 introduces therefore an element of complexity in the discussion on job insecurity which it would be advisable to incorporate in future research.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104796

Referens

Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Moriña, D., Navarro, A. (2020). A complex view of perceived job insecurity: Relationship between three domains and their respective cognitive and affective components. Safety Science, Volume 129.

Influence of changing working conditions on exit from paid employment among workers with a chronic disease

Schram JLD, Robroek, S.J.W., Ots, P., et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To investigate the relation between changes in working conditions and exit from paid employment among workers with a chronic disease. Methods: Six waves from the longitudinal Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (2010–2016), enriched with tax-based employment information from Statistics Netherlands (2011–2017), were available for 4820 chronically ill workers aged 45–63 years (mean 55.3 years, SD 5.1). A change in working conditions (physical workload, psychological job demands, job autonomy, emotional job demands and social support) was defined as an increase or decrease between two consecutive waves of at least one SD. Discrete-time survival models with repeated measurements were used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of a change in working conditions on exiting paid employment in the following year compared with no change and consecutive favourable working conditions. Results: A favourable change in physical workload lowered the risk to exit paid employment (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.94). An adverse change in psychosocial working conditions, especially a decrease in social support (RR 2.07, 95% CI 1.52 to 2.81), increased the likelihood to exit paid employment. In contrast, a favourable change in psychological job demands increased the risk to exit paid employment (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.24). Multiple adverse changes increased the risk to exit paid employment up to six times (RR 6.06, 95% CI 2.83 to 12.98). Conclusions: Changes in working conditions among workers with chronic diseases influence exit from paid employment. Ensuring that working conditions can be adapted to the needs of workers with a chronic disease may help to extend working life.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/ oemed-2019-106383

Referens

Schram JLD, Robroek, S.J.W., Ots, P., et al (2020). Influence of changing working conditions on exit from paid employment among workers with a chronic disease. Occup Environ Med, 1-6.

Leaving the Teaching Profession: Examining the Role of Social Support, Engagement and Emotional Intelligence in Teachers’ Intentions to Quit

Mérida-López, S., Sánchez-Gómez, M., & Extremera, N

Sammanfattning

The study aimed to test mediator and moderator factors in the relationship between workplace social support (i.e., perceived support from colleagues and supervisors) and intentions to quit in a sample of teaching professionals. Specifically, utilizing job-demands-resources theory to focus on social support, we examined whether work engagement mediated the relationship between workplace social support and intentions to quit. Moreover, the potential moderator role of emotional intelligence in the proposed model was tested. The study sample comprised 1,297 teaching professionals (64.8% females) working as preschool, primary, and secondary teachers in several centers in eastern and southern Spain. The main results demonstrated that work engagement totally mediated the relationship between social support from colleagues/supervisors and intentions to quit. The findings showed that teachers’ levels of emotional intelligence significantly moderated the indirect paths between perceived support from colleagues/supervisors and intentions to quit. Teachers with the lowest levels of work engagement reported low support from colleagues or supervisors, together with low emotional intelligence. Similarly, highest intentions to quit was reported by those teachers reporting low work engagement and low emotional intelligence. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these findings for basic and applied research seeking to retain a more engaged teaching force.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.5093/pi2020a10

Referens

Mérida-López, S., Sánchez-Gómez, M., & Extremera, N (2020). Leaving the Teaching Profession: Examining the Role of Social Support, Engagement and Emotional Intelligence in Teachers’ Intentions to Quit. Psychosocial Intervention.

Job insecurity, economic hardship, and sleep problems in a national sample of salaried workers in Spain

Salas-Nicás, S., Sembajwe, G., Navarro, A., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Buxton, M, O.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To check for associations between various types of job insecurity and self-reported sleeping problems. Design: A population-based, cross-sectional study. Setting: Spain, 2016. Participants: Salaried workers included in the third Psychosocial Risks Survey (n = 1807). Measurements: We investigated the association between 6 subjective and 2 attributed indicators of job insecurity (exposure) with 5 sleep problem variables (difficulty falling sleep, difficulty sleeping through the night, waking up too early, sleeping restlessly, and a composite variable summing all the sleeping problems) using Poisson regression, and controlling for socioeconomic, occupational, and demographic factors. Results: Anticipating a salary decrease or working at a company where staff restructuring had occurred in the preceding year were associated with sleeping problems. Having a temporary or informal employment contract and most domains of perceived job insecurity were not a significant factor in adjusted models. Conclusions: Recent or anticipated economic hardship within a worker's household was the main predictor of sleeping problems. More research is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms through which the experience of aspects of downsizing might manifest in disruptions to employees’ sleep. Sleep health should be an active part of all employee wellness programs.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.sleh.2020.02.014

Referens

Salas-Nicás, S., Sembajwe, G., Navarro, A., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Buxton, M, O. (2020). Job insecurity, economic hardship, and sleep problems in a national sample of salaried workers in Spain. Sleep Health, Volume 6, Issue 3.

Psychosocial risks analysis for employees in public administration

Pastare, D., Roja, Z., Kalkis, H., Roja, I

Sammanfattning

Nowadays psychosocial risks at work have a serious impact not only on the health of employees, but also on the economic performance of organisations, and this is the biggest challenge in working environment. In Latvia, employees in public administration comprise 11% of the total population. Hence the aim of this study was to analyse the causes of psychosocial risks and the differences in their prevalence among inspectorate officials employed in the State Administration compared to office staff employed by the State Administration. A modified Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire from the Danish National Research Centre for the Working Environment was used to assess psychosocial risks at work. One public administration organisation was selected for the study, which involved 111 staff (60 inspecting officers and 51 office staff). The analysis of the results of the psychosocial risk assessment shows that there are statistically significant differences in the assessment of four out of 11 psychosocial risks to the working environment. The most common psychosocial work environment risk factor among inspectors is the inadequate attitude of management, but the most common risk factor among office employees is the lack of impact on work. To reduce the spread of psychosocial risks more effectively, an individual approach is required for each worker.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Lettland

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

DOI

10.15159/ar.20.076

Referens

Pastare, D., Roja, Z., Kalkis, H., Roja, I (2020). Psychosocial risks analysis for employees in public administration. Agronomy Research, 18(S1), 945–957.

Return-to-work-experts for inpatient treatment of patients with mental illnesses– a proof-of-concept-study (RETURN): the study protocol

Riedl, L., Blank, D., Kohl, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Patients with mental illnesses often have massive difficulties returning to work after inpatient treatment at a psychiatric clinic and are often at risk of losing their jobs. The psychosocial support for this patient group at the interface of clinic/outpatient care is often insufficient. Methods/design: The RETURN-study prospectively assesses and surveys 200 patients with mental disorders in a cluster randomized intervention study, i.e. treatment teams and patients from intervention wards receive a return-to-work (RTW) intervention. Patients in control wards obtain treatment as usual (TAU). Pairs of comparable wards (similar patient population, similar staff density) have been identified and then randomized for control and intervention (n = 14 for each condition). On intervention wards return-to-work experts (RTW experts) who focus treatment on the workplace-related needs of patients with mental illnesses have been established. These RTW experts ensure the use of available resources within the framework of work-related discharge management and should lead to a more successful return to the workplace. The days at work in the year after release will be evaluated in a mixed methods approach as well as the return rate in the year after release, disability days in the year after return, relapse rate after 12 months, cost-benefit ratio of the intervention, analysis of the predictors / barriers for a successful return to the workplace (e.g. psychopathology, cognition, stigma, social-psychiatric support, company support, etc.), possibilities to implement the concept of RTW experts in standard psychiatric care (TAU - treatment as usual), the impact of the RTW experts’ approach on the treatment process in standard psychiatric care. Discussion: This approach is already internationally established in the field of somatic rehabilitation and supported employment [Am J Psychiatry 171:1183–90, 2014; Lancet 370:1146–52, 2007; Cochrane Database Syst Rev, doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006237.pub3, 2014]; the innovative aspect of this project is to implement and evaluate it in standard psychiatric care in Germany. This project requires no new interventions to be developed and tested, as the techniques of the case manager/job coach is applied to the field of return to work. Trial registration: The study was registered in Deutsches Register Klinische Studien searchable via its Meta-registry (http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/), Trial registration number: DRKS00016037, Date of registration: 21/12/2018, URL of trial registry record.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12888-020-02504-4

Referens

Riedl, L., Blank, D., Kohl, M. et al. (2020). Return-to-work-experts for inpatient treatment of patients with mental illnesses– a proof-of-concept-study (RETURN): the study protocol. BMC Psychiatry, 20, 177.

Sexually Harassing Behaviors from Patients or Clients and Care Workers’ Mental Health: Development and Validation of a Measure

Vincent-Höper, S., Adler, M., Stein, M., Vaupel, C., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

Although evidence reveals severe effects of sexual harassment on care workers’ mental health, there is a scarcity of studies that investigate care workers’ experiences of sexually inappropriate behavior from patients or clients. One reason for this lack of research is that validated measures that assess different types of sexual harassment experienced by employees working with patients or clients are lacking. In this study, we seek to establish a conceptual framework for investigating extraorganizational sexual harassment in healthcare work. Based on this theoretical framework, we developed and validated a measure for assessing sexually harassing behaviors from patients or clients. Data were gathered from heterogeneous samples of employees working in a variety of settings in healthcare. To evaluate the factorial structure of the measure, we conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using a calibration sample (N = 179) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using a cross-validation sample (N = 305). The construct validity of the measure was demonstrated by investigating relationships with indicators of care workers’ mental health. EFA revealed three factors, namely, nonverbal, verbal, and physical acts of sexual harassment. Examination of the measure comprising 14 items revealed acceptable internal consistencies and substantial correlations with indicators of care workers’ mental health. This study provides a useful and sound measure for assessing sexual harassment from patients or clients and paves the way for the development of a comprehensive theoretical framework for the assessment of sexual harassment. Furthermore, it facilitates future investigations of risk factors for sexual harassment and protective factors helping healthcare workers cope with sexual harassment from patients or clients.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17072570

Referens

Vincent-Höper, S., Adler, M., Stein, M., Vaupel, C., Nienhaus, A. (2020). Sexually Harassing Behaviors from Patients or Clients and Care Workers’ Mental Health: Development and Validation of a Measure. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 9;17(7):2570.

Leveraging Justice: How Leaders Influence Performance Determinants in the Fire Service

Huntsman, D., Greer, A., Murphy, H.

Sammanfattning

Disasters are increasing in both number and severity. Thus, effective emergency response is becoming increasingly important to lessen human and economic impacts from disasters. Little research has been performed, however, on how leaders influence the attitudes of responders that motivate them toward increased performance and overall effectiveness. Using survey data from two separate fire departments, this study explores the relationships between distributive and procedural justice, and the affective outcomes of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Perceived organizational support is also tested for mediation using bootstrapping procedures for indirect effects. Overall, the results for both departments show that perceived organizational support mediates the positive and significant relationships between the justice dimensions and affective outcomes. In turn, this suggests that leaders in the fire service may build more successful fire departments by providing fair treatment, procedures, and outcomes to firefighters as favorable treatment is reciprocated to benefit the organization.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Brandmän

DOI

10.1002/rhc3.12188

Referens

Huntsman, D., Greer, A., Murphy, H. (2020). Leveraging Justice: How Leaders Influence Performance Determinants in the Fire Service. Risks, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy, 11: 270-295.

Vad händer med arbetsmiljön när man inför aktivitetsbaserade kontor inom akademin?

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen, T., Toivanen, S.

Sammanfattning

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Akademiker

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen, T., Toivanen, S. (2017). Vad händer med arbetsmiljön när man inför aktivitetsbaserade kontor inom akademin?. Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv, 23:3, 9-23.

Can staff-assessed care quality predict early failure of dental fillings? A prospective study

Berthelsen, H., Owen, M., Wretlind, K., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate staff-assessed care quality as an indicator of register-based measures of care quality at dental clinics, more specifically register-based measures of survival of dental fillings and initiation of preventive treatments for caries patients. Methods: This prospective study includes data from cross-sectional workplace psychosocial risk assessment surveys at dental clinics and register data on survival of dental fillings, and initiation of preventive treatment for caries patients obtained from the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontal Disease (SKaPa) Demographic background data on the age, gender, income level and place of birth of patients was obtained from Statistics Sweden (SCB). The data were analysed using discrete-time multilevel survival analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The results showed that staff-assessed care quality rated by the total staff or by dental nurses at the clinic predicted the risk of replacement of dental fillings made due to a caries diagnosis during the 3-year follow-up period, controlling for potential confounding due to patient demographic characteristics (age, sex, income and country of birth). In contrast, the better the staff-assessed care quality at the clinic, the smaller the proportion of the patients received preventive care in addition to operative caries therapy when controlling for potential confounding due to patient demographics. Care quality assessed by dentists at the clinic did not predict either of these outcome measures. Conclusions: Premature failure of dental fillings is costly for both patients and society, which leads to a need for relevant measures for following dental care quality. Our findings indicate that staff-assessed care quality - a cheap and easy measure to collect and follow continuously in dental practice - can be used to monitor aspects of quality in real time in order to facilitate continuous improvement and quickly amend quality problems. Also, it can be used for integrating quality improvement in systematic work environment risk management.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1111/cdoe.12543

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Owen, M., Wretlind, K., Westerlund, H. (2020). Can staff-assessed care quality predict early failure of dental fillings? A prospective study. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 48(5), 387-394.

Benchmarks for Evidence-Based Risk Assessment with the Swedish Version of the 4-Item Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen. T., Bergström, G., Westerlund, H., Dollard, M.F.

Sammanfattning

The purpose of the present study was to validate the short version of The Psychosocial Safety Climate questionnaire (PSC-4, Dollard, 2019) and to establish benchmarks indicating risk levels for use in Sweden. Cross-sectional data from (1) a random sample of employees in Sweden aged 25-65 years (n = 2847) and (2) a convenience sample of non-managerial employees from 94 workplaces (n = 3066) were analyzed. Benchmarks for three PSC risk levels were developed using organizational compliance with Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) regulations as criterion. The results support the validity and usefulness of the Swedish PSC-4 as an instrument to indicate good, fair, and poor OSH practices. The recommended benchmark for indicating good OSH practices is an average score of >12.0, while the proposed cutoff for poor OSH practices is a score of ≤8.0 on the PSC-4. Scores between these benchmarks indicate fair OSH practices. Furthermore, aggregated data on PSC-4 supported its reliability as a workplace level construct and its association with quantitative demands, quality of leadership, commitment to the workplace, work engagement, job satisfaction, as well as stress and burnout. Thus, the Swedish version of PSC-4 can be regarded as a valid and reliable measure for both research and practical use for risk assessment at workplaces.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17228675

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen. T., Bergström, G., Westerlund, H., Dollard, M.F. (2020). Benchmarks for Evidence-Based Risk Assessment with the Swedish Version of the 4-Item Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 22;17(22) 8675.

Validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire Version III and Establishment of Benchmarks for Psychosocial Risk Management in Sweden

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Bergström, G., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

This study presents the Swedish standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, COPSOQ III, and investigates its reliability and validity at individual and workplace levels with the aim of establishing benchmarks for the psychosocial work environment. Cross-sectional data from (1) a random sample of employees in Sweden aged 25–65 years (N = 2847) and (2) a convenience sample of non-managerial employees at 51 workplaces (N = 1818) were analysed. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated as well as the effects of sex, work sector and blue/white-collar work. Population benchmarks and mean scores for major occupational groups were computed based on weighted data. ICC(1) and ICC(2) estimates were computed to evaluate aggregation to the workplace level and Pearson inter-correlations to evaluate construct validity at individual and aggregated levels. The reliability and scale characteristics were satisfactory, with few exceptions, at both individual and workplace levels. The strength and direction of correlations supported the construct validity of the dimensions and the amount of variance explained by workplace justified aggregation to the workplace level. The present study thus supports the use of COPSOQ III for measurement at the workplace level and presents benchmarks for risk management as well as for research purposes.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17093179

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Bergström, G., Burr, H. (2020). Validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire Version III and Establishment of Benchmarks for Psychosocial Risk Management in Sweden. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17(9), 3179.

The Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire

Burr et al.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: A new third version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III) has been developed in response to trends in working life, theoretical concepts, and international experience. A key component of the COPSOQ III is a defined set of mandatory core items to be included in national short, middle, and long versions of the questionnaire. The aim of the present article is to present and test the reliability of the new international middle version of the COPSOQ III. Methods: The questionnaire was tested among 23,361 employees during 2016–2017 in Canada, Spain, France, Germany, Sweden, and Turkey. A total of 26 dimensions (measured through scales or single items) of the middle version and two from the long version were tested. Psychometric properties of the dimensions were assessed regarding reliability (Cronbach α), ceiling and floor effects (fractions with extreme answers), and distinctiveness (correlations with other dimensions). Results: Most international middle dimensions had satisfactory reliability in most countries, though some ceiling and floor effects were present. Dimensions with missing values were rare. Most dimensions had low to medium intercorrelations. Conclusions: The COPSOQ III offers reliable and distinct measures of a wide range of psychosocial dimensions of modern working life in different countries; although a few measures could be improved. Future testing should focus on validation of the COPSOQ items and dimensions using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Such investigations would enhance the basis for recommendations using the COPSOQ III.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Kanada, Spanien, Frankrike, Tyskland, Sverige, Turkiet

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.shaw.2019.10.00

Referens

Burr et al. (2019). The Third Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Safety and Health at Work, Volume 10, Issue 4, 482-503.

Legitimacy of work tasks, psychosocial work environment, and time utilization among primary care staff in Sweden

Anskär, E., Lindberg, M., Falk, M., & Andersson, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Primary care staff faces a complex work environment including a heavy administrative work load and perceive some work tasks as illegitimate. This study aimed to elucidate associations between the perceived legitimacy of work tasks, the psychosocial work environment, and the utilization of work time among Swedish primary care staff. Design and setting: The study was designed as a multicenter study involving all staff categories, i.e. registered nurses, primary care physicians, care administrators, nurse assistants and allied professionals, at eleven primary care centers in Sweden. Subjects: Participants completed the Bern Illegitimate Tasks Scale and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. They also recorded time spent on all work tasks, day by day during two separate weeks. Main outcome measures and results: More than a quarter (27%) of primary care physicians perceived a high proportion of unnecessary work tasks. After adjusting for profession, age and gender, the perception of having to perform unreasonable work tasks was positively associated with experiencing role conflicts and with the proportion of organization-related administration and service work tasks. Conclusion: Across all staff groups, the perception of unreasonable work tasks was more pronounced among staff with a high proportion of non-patient related administration. Also, the perception of having to perform a large amount of illegitimate work tasks affected the psychosocial work environment negatively, which might influence staffs perception of their professional roles. These results illuminate the importance of decision makers to thoroughly consider the distribution and allocation of non-patient related work tasks among staff in primary care.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Primärvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1080/02813432.2019.1684014

Referens

Anskär, E., Lindberg, M., Falk, M., & Andersson, A. (2019). Legitimacy of work tasks, psychosocial work environment, and time utilization among primary care staff in Sweden. Scandinavian journal of primary health care, 37(4), 476–483..

Study protocol of a co-created primary organizational-level intervention with the aim to improve organizational and social working conditions and decrease stress within the construction industry – a controlled trial

Cedstrand, E., Nyberg, A., Bodin, T. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Within construction industry, physical work exposures have long been recognized as possible determinants for musculoskeletal disorders, but less attention has been given the increasing organizational and social work hazards and stress within this industry. There is to date a lack of knowledge about how to improve organizational and social working conditions and decrease stress within the construction industry. Methods: This paper outlines the design of a controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a co-created organizational-level intervention with the aim to improve role clarity, quantitative demands, staffing, planning, team effectiveness, psychosocial safety climate and stress. Two regions (> 700 employees) within one large construction company in Sweden will participate as intervention and control group. Further we present the design of the process evaluation assessing fidelity, support from managers, readiness for change and contextual factors. We will utilize questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, observations and documentation as means for data collection, hence a mixed methods approach is applied. Discussion: The study is expected to contribute to the understanding of how adverse organizational and social working conditions and stress can be improved within the construction industry. By applying co-creation we wish to develop an intervention and implementation strategies that fit to the context, are in line with the needs of end-users and are supported by all management levels - all of which are highlighted features in successful workplace interventions.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Byggarbetare

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-08542-7

Referens

Cedstrand, E., Nyberg, A., Bodin, T. et al. (2020). Study protocol of a co-created primary organizational-level intervention with the aim to improve organizational and social working conditions and decrease stress within the construction industry – a controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 20, 424.

Employees' perceptions of their own and their supervisor's emotion recognition skills moderate emotional demands on psychological strain

Tucker, MK, Jimmieson, NL, Bordia, P.

Sammanfattning

This research builds on prior studies showing the role of employee emotion recognition in the stress process to be mixed and conflicting. As such, it was proposed that the extent to which employees' emotion recognition skills buffer or exacerbate emotional demands depends on the extent to which employees believe their supervisor also is skilled in emotion recognition. Two samples of Australian employees completed cross‐sectional questionnaires. Sample 1 consisted of 149 employees in a medical research institution, and Sample 2 consisted of 161 government employees in an equipment supplies and logistics service. A three‐way interaction among emotional demands, employee emotion recognition, and perceived supervisor emotion recognition was found on psychological strain in both samples and on job dissatisfaction in Sample 1. As predicted, when employee emotion recognition was high, those who perceived their supervisor to be high in emotion recognition were buffered from emotional demands. In contrast, stress‐exacerbating effects were found when employees were high in emotion recognition, but supervisors were perceived to be low in emotion recognition. Overall, these results highlight the importance of emotion recognition in the stress process, and that the same skill set needs to be perceived in one's supervisor, an interpersonal resource, for this intrapersonal resource to be adaptive for employees.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/smi.2919

Referens

Tucker, MK, Jimmieson, NL, Bordia, P. (2020). Employees' perceptions of their own and their supervisor's emotion recognition skills moderate emotional demands on psychological strain. Stress Health, 1– 12.

Neck and upper extremity pain in sonographers – a longitudinal study

Gremark Simonsen, J., Axmon, A., Nordander, C. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Sonographers have reported a high occurrence of musculoskeletal pain for more than 25 years. Assessments of occupational risk factors have previously been based on cross-sectional surveys. The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine which factors at baseline that were associated with neck/shoulder and elbow/hand pain at follow-up. Methods: A questionnaire was answered by 248 female sonographers at baseline and follow-up (85% of the original cohort). 208 were included in the analyses. Physical, visual, and psychosocial work-related conditions were assessed at baseline. Pain in two body regions (neck/shoulders and elbows/hands) was assessed at both baseline and follow up. Results: Pain at baseline showed the strongest association with pain at follow-up in both body regions [prevalence ratio (PR) 2.04; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50–2.76], for neck/shoulders and (PR 3.45; CI 2.29–5.22) for elbows/hands. Neck/shoulder pain at follow-up was associated with inability of ergonomic adjustments at the ultrasound device (PR 1.25; CI 1.05–1.49), a high mechanical exposure index (PR 1.66; CI 1.09–2.52), and adverse visual conditions (PR 1.24; CI 1.00–1.54) at baseline. Moreover, among participants with no neck/shoulder pain at baseline, high job demands (PR 1.78; CI 1.01–3.12), and a high mechanical exposure index (PR 2.0; CI 0.98–4.14) predicted pain at follow-up. Pain in the elbows/hands at follow-up was associated with high sensory demands at baseline (PR 1.63; CI 1.08–2.45), and among participants without pain at baseline high sensory demands predicted elbow/hand pain at follow-up (PR 3.34; CI 1.53–7.31). Conclusion: Pain at baseline was the strongest predictor for pain at follow-up in both body regions. We also found several occupational factors at baseline that were associated with pain at follow-up: inability to adjust equipment, adverse visual conditions, a high MEI, high job demands and high sensory demands. These results point at a possibility to influence pain with better ergonomics.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

DOI

10.1186/s12891-020-3096-9

Referens

Gremark Simonsen, J., Axmon, A., Nordander, C. et al. (2020). Neck and upper extremity pain in sonographers – a longitudinal study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 21, 156.

Provider burnout: Implications for our perinatal patients

Tawfik, S. D., Profit, J.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To describe the syndrome of physician burnout within neonatology, its relation to neonatal quality of care, and outline potential solutions. Findings: Burnout affects up to half of physicians, including up to one-third of neonatologists, at any given time. It is linked to suicidality, substance abuse, and intent to leave practice, and it is strongly associated with reduced quality of care in the published literature. Resilience and mindfulness interventions rooted in positive psychology may reduce burnout among individual providers. Because burnout is largely driven by organizational factors, system-level attention to leadership, teamwork, and practice efficiency can reduce burnout at the level of the organization. Conclusions: Burnout is common among neonatologists and consistently relates to decreased quality of patient care in a variety of dimensions. Personal resilience training and system-wide organizational interventions are needed to reverse burnout and promote high-quality neonatal care.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151243

Referens

Tawfik, S. D., Profit, J. (2020). Provider burnout: Implications for our perinatal patients. Seminars in Perinatology.

Association between physical work demands and work ability in workers with musculoskeletal pain: cross-sectional study

Skovlund, S.V., Bláfoss, R., Sundstrup, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is common in the working population and may affect the work ability, especially among those with high physical work demands. This study investigated the association between physical work demands and work ability in workers with musculoskeletal pain. Methods: Workers with physically demanding jobs (n = 5377) participated in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2010. Associations between physical work ability and various physical work demands were modeled using cumulative logistic regression analyses while controlling for possible confounders. Results: In the fully adjusted model, bending and twisting/turning of the back more than a quarter of the workday (reference: less than a quarter of the workday) was associated with higher odds of lower work ability in workers with low-back pain (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.74) and neck-shoulder pain (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01–1.64). When adding up the different types of demands, being exposed to two or more physical work demands for more than a quarter of the workday was consistently associated with lower work ability. Conclusions: Work that involves high demands of the lower back seems especially problematic in relation to work ability among physical workers with musculoskeletal pain. Regardless of the specific type of physical work demand, being exposed to multiple physical work demands for more than a quarter of the workday was also associated with lower work ability.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12891-020-03191-8

Referens

Skovlund, S.V., Bláfoss, R., Sundstrup, E. et al. (2020). Association between physical work demands and work ability in workers with musculoskeletal pain: cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 21, 166.

Equal health at work? Protocol for an observational study of work organisation, workload and musculoskeletal complaints among women and men in grocery retail

Mathiassen, S. E., Bolin, M., Olofsdotter, G., Johansson, E.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Women generally report more work-related musculoskeletal complaints than men and have higher rates of sickness absence, even within occupations. One likely reason is that work tasks within the occupation are gendered, that is, women and men have different tasks, even when sharing the same job title. Retail is an appealing sector for studying working conditions and work environment in a gender context. The prevalence of work-related complaints is high, physical loads may differ considerably between tasks and the distribution of tasks is likely gendered. The overall aim of this study in retail is to examine factors at the organisational and individual level that may, in a gender perspective, explain working conditions, work tasks, workloads and musculoskeletal health. Methods and analyses: Data will be collected in two grocery stores, each with 50–70 workers, at two occasions interspersed by about 1 year. In each of these four waves, data collection will include a web-based questionnaire to all workers addressing, for example, work tasks, psychosocial factors, fatigue and pain; semistructured interviews with managers and approximately 10 workers addressing, for example, competences and decision levels; and technical measurements of postures, movements and heart rate in about 30 workers. The study is novel in combining an organisational gender perspective addressed through qualitative methods with a quantitative analysis of tasks, workload and health. The design allows an examination of both how genders may differ, and why they may differ, as well as analyses of the extent to which gendered working conditions change over time in the two participating stores. Ethics and dissemination: Approval of the study by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference number 2017/404) has been obtained. This work will be disseminated by publication of peer-reviewed papers in scientific journals, presentations at scientific conferences and in meetings with representatives from Swedish retail, including unions and employers’ organisations.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Butiksarbetare

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032409

Referens

Mathiassen, S. E., Bolin, M., Olofsdotter, G., Johansson, E. (2020). Equal health at work? Protocol for an observational study of work organisation, workload and musculoskeletal complaints among women and men in grocery retail. BMJ Open, 10(1): e032409.

Development and validation of the Spanish Work-Family Conflict Scale (SP-WFCS): Evidence from two independent samples in Argentina

Pujol-Cols, L.

Sammanfattning

Research on work-family conflict has increased dramatically in recent years. In this study, we developed a Spanish version of the Work-Family Conflict Scale (Carlson et al. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(2), 249–276, 2000) and examined its reliability, dimensionality, factor invariance, gender invariance, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and empirical validity. To this end, we analyzed data collected from two independent samples of Argentinian employees (N = 618). The results from the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the Spanish Work-Family Conflict Scale (SP-WFCS) displayed a six-dimensional factor structure (CFI ≥ .96, TLI = .96, RMSEA = .06). Furthermore, each dimension showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency (α estimates ranged from .80 to .92), convergent validity (AVE estimates ranged from .59 to .80, and CR estimates ranged from .81 to .92) and discriminant validity (AVE values ≥ shared variance estimates). Moreover, the results from the multi-group confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the six-dimensional model of the SP-WFCS was statistically invariant across samples and gender. Finally, most work-family conflict dimensions displayed significant correlations with three antecedents (i.e., quantitative demands, emotional demands, and core self-evaluations) and two outcomes (i.e., affective job satisfaction and burnout). Taken together, the results provided support to the validity of the SP-WFCS in Argentina, suggesting that it may be a reliable and valid instrument to measure work-family conflict in Spanish-speaking countries. Limitations to the study and opportunities for future research are discussed in this article.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Argentina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s12144-019-00544-y

Referens

Pujol-Cols, L. (2019). Development and validation of the Spanish Work-Family Conflict Scale (SP-WFCS): Evidence from two independent samples in Argentina. Curr Psychol.

Can work-unit social capital buffer the association between workplace violence and long-term sickness absence? A prospective cohort study of healthcare employees

Török, E., Rod, N.H., Ersbøll, A.K. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To determine the prospective relation between workplace violence and the risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA), and study if work-unit social capital could buffer this effect. As an explorative analysis, the association between work-unit social capital and workplace violence is also tested. Methods: The study is based on the Well-being in HospitAL Employees (WHALE) cohort, including healthcare employees in Denmark. The study sample consisted of 30,044 employees nested within 2304 work-units. Exposure to workplace violence and threats of violence during the past 12 months was measured by self-report. Work-unit social capital was computed by aggregating the mean individual responses within work-units. LTSA was defined as one or more episodes of ≥ 29 consecutive sickness absence days initiated within 2 years following baseline. Results: Employees experiencing workplace violence had a higher risk of LTSA (OR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.39–1.72), but there was no evidence in support of work-unit social capital buffering the effect of workplace violence on LTSA (RERI = 0.24; 95%CI: − 0.36 to 0.84; p = 0.12 for multiplicative interaction). High compared to low work-unit social capital was associated with a lower prevalence of workplace violence (OR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.36–0.61). Conclusion: There was a prospective association between workplace violence and LTSA, but work-unit social capital did not buffer this effect. Furthermore, the results revealed an inverse association between work-unit social capital and workplace violence. The findings indicate that in order to effectively reduce LTSA, preventive interventions need to both prevent workplace violence and strengthen social capital.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-019-01484-7

Referens

Török, E., Rod, N.H., Ersbøll, A.K. et al. (2019). Can work-unit social capital buffer the association between workplace violence and long-term sickness absence? A prospective cohort study of healthcare employees. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 93, 355–364.

A Salutogenic Approach to Understanding the Potential of Green Programs for the Rehabilitation of Young Employees With Burnout: Protocol for a Mixed Method Study on Effectiveness and Effective Elements

Pijpker, R., Vaandrager, L., Veen, E.J., Koelen, M.A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Burnout is the leading cause of absenteeism in the Netherlands, with associated sick leave costs amounting to around €1.8 billion. Studies have indicated that burnout complaints increased from almost 14.4% in 2014 to 17.3% in 2018, especially among employees between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and further increases are expected. Although there are many published articles on burnout, not much is known about what constitutes effective rehabilitation (ie, the reduction of burnout complaints and the facilitation of returning to work). At the same time, multiple pilot studies have indicated that green programs are effective in both reducing burnout complaints and facilitating return to work. Green programs have been developed by professionals experienced in using the natural environment to facilitate rehabilitation (eg, through green exercise and healing gardens). The literature nevertheless lacks comprehensive and contextual insight into what works and why. Objective: The overarching aim of this study is to explore the potential of green programs for young employees with burnout. We present the study protocol from an ongoing research project consisting of 2 phases, each composed of 2 research objectives that sequentially build upon each other. Methods: The study is based on a sequential design with 4 research objectives, using both qualitative and quantitative research methods. In the first phase, a systematic literature review (research objective 1) and in-depth interviews (research objective 2) will be used to explore mechanisms underlying the rehabilitation of young employees with burnout. In the second phase, a multicase study will be conducted to examine the extent to which green programs are built on mechanisms identified in the first phase (research objective 3). By employing a pretest and posttest design, a specific green program that captures most of those mechanisms will then be evaluated on its effect and process with regard to the rehabilitation of young employees with burnout (research objective 4). The project started in June 2018 and will continue through June 2022. Results: The first phase (research objectives 1 and 2) is intended to generate information on the mechanisms underlying the rehabilitation of young employees with burnout. The second phase (research objectives 3 and 4) is designed to demonstrate the extent to which and how the selected green program facilitates the rehabilitation of young employees with burnout. Conclusions: Understanding how green programs can facilitate the rehabilitation of young employees with burnout complaints can help to address this societal issue.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.2196/15303

Referens

Pijpker, R., Vaandrager, L., Veen, E.J., Koelen, M.A. (2019). A Salutogenic Approach to Understanding the Potential of Green Programs for the Rehabilitation of Young Employees With Burnout: Protocol for a Mixed Method Study on Effectiveness and Effective Elements. JMIR Res Protoc, 8(10):e15303.

Perceived and content-related emotional demands at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce: a cohort study of 26 410 Danish employees

Framke E, Sørensen JK, Nordentoft M, et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether high emotional demands at work predict long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in the Danish workforce and whether associations differ by perceived and content-related emotional demands. Methods: We included 26 410 individuals from the Work Environment and Health in Denmark Study, a nationwide sample of the Danish workforce. Emotional demands at work were measured with two items: one assessing perceived emotional demands (asking how often respondents were emotionally affected by work) and one assessing content-related emotional demands (frequency of contact with individuals in difficult situations). LTSA was register based and defined as spells of ≥6 weeks. Respondents with LTSA during 2 years before baseline were excluded. Follow-up was 52 weeks. Using Cox regression, we estimated risk of LTSA per one-unit increase in emotional demands rated on a five-point scale. Results: During 22 466 person-years, we identified 1002 LTSA cases. Both perceived (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.28) and content-related emotional demands (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.13) predicted risk of LTSA after adjustment for confounders. Further adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms substantially attenuated associations for perceived (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.16) but not content-related emotional demands (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.11). Individuals working in occupations with above-average values of both exposures had an increased risk of LTSA (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.52) compared with individuals in all other job groups. Conclusions: Perceived and content-related emotional demands at work predicted LTSA, also after adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms, supporting the interpretation that high emotional demands may be hazardous to employee’s health.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oemed-2019-106015

Referens

Framke E, Sørensen JK, Nordentoft M, et al (2019). Perceived and content-related emotional demands at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce: a cohort study of 26 410 Danish employees. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 76:895-900.

Adjusting work conditions to meet the declined health and functional capacity of older construction workers in Hong Kong

Peng, L., Chan, H.S.A.

Sammanfattning

Aging of the workforce in Hong Kong has led to a labor shortage and increased occupational safety risks, particularly for physically demanding occupations. Work conditions should be designed to match the health and functional capacity of older workers to partly address the problems of labor shortage and safety. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with a sample of 340 older (aged 50 and above) construction workers of Hong Kong in this study. The prevalence of health problems and occupational accidents suffered by older construction workers were investigated. The patterns of occupational accidents characterized by job demands, job resources, physical work capacity, and health conditions of workers were analyzed. Results showed that older construction workers suffered poor physical and mental health. The rate for severe accidents for older construction workers was considerably higher than for the younger workers. Physical work capacity and physical and mental health were critical factors that affected the occupational safety of older construction workers. However, the proper design of job resources and job demands to match individual health-related factors can mitigate the increasing occupational safety risks for older construction workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Hong Kong

Yrken

Byggarbetare

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104711

Referens

Peng, L., Chan, H.S.A. (2020). Adjusting work conditions to meet the declined health and functional capacity of older construction workers in Hong Kong. Safety Science, Vol 127.

Is physical and psychological work stress associated with fatigue in Danish ferry ship employees?

Dohrmann, B.S., Herttua, K., Leppin, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Fatigue is a recognised risk factor for safety in seafaring. While always dangerous, fatigue in ferry shipping is especially hazardous as it may jeopardise passengers’ safety. To counteract fatigue, knowledge on its determinants is important. Little, however, is known on the influence from physical and psychosocial work environment factors within ferry shipping. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between work stress in terms of physical stressors, perceived job demands and job control and different dimensions of fatigue among ferry ship employees and to test whether a potential effect of work stress was mediated by sleep satisfaction. Materials and methods: The design was cross-sectional. 193 respondents answered to a self-administered questionnaire including standardised scales, i.e. the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire for job demands and control. The association of risk factors with fatigue was determined using hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Physical work stressors were positively associated with only one of five fatigue subscales: lack of energy. Higher levels of demands were related to more lack of energy, lack of motivation, physical exertion and sleepiness, while more control was related to lesser lack of energy, lack of motivation and sleepiness. No demand-control interaction was found. Effects of demand and control were partly mediated by sleep satisfaction. Conclusions: Although limited by its cross-sectional design this study provides support for the independent relevance of demands and control for employee fatigue in ferry shipping and for a mediating role of sleep satisfaction.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Sjömän

DOI

10.5603/IMH.2020.0011

Referens

Dohrmann, B.S., Herttua, K., Leppin, A. (2020). Is physical and psychological work stress associated with fatigue in Danish ferry ship employees?. International Maritime Health, 71(1):46-55.

Lagged versus concurrent changes between burnout and depression symptoms and unique contributions from job demands and job resources

Hatch, D.J., Potter, G.G., Martus, P., Rose, U., Freude, G.

Sammanfattning

Burnout and depression pose significant threats to emotional and occupational functioning; however, questions exist over how these 2 conditions are associated with each other over time, and how these are related to underlying job stressors. The job demands-resources model provides a useful framework for understanding how job demands and job resources may lead to burnout, but questions remain about their distinct association with depression symptoms. The current study examined these questions in a sample of 402 nursing workers. The Exhaustion subscale of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression assessment, and items reflecting job demands and job resources from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire were assessed at baseline; additionally, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory Exhaustion and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression were assessed over 12 monthly follow-ups. Linear mixed models assessed longitudinal bidirectional associations between burnout and depression in both concurrent and lagged models. Longitudinal models found bidirectional relationships between burnout and depression symptoms over time, with relatively stronger associations for concurrent models relative to lagged models. Job demands and job resources each predicted unique variance in burnout and depression symptoms over time. Results provide evidence that burnout and depression symptoms change in the same direction, in tandem, rather than one condition having a distinctly stronger temporal association over the other. Results also indicate that both job demands and job resources are associated with depression symptoms independent from their association with burnout symptoms. Our results highlight the importance of considering burnout symptoms, depression symptoms, and job stressors concurrently in evaluating worker mental health.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1037/ocp0000170

Referens

Hatch, D.J., Potter, G.G., Martus, P., Rose, U., Freude, G. (2019). Lagged versus concurrent changes between burnout and depression symptoms and unique contributions from job demands and job resources. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(6):617-628.

Investigating work-related stress among health professionals at different hierarchical levels: A cross-sectional study

Peter, K. A., Schols, J.M.G.A., Halfens, R.J.G., Hahn, S.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To determine the extent of stress at work among health professionals working in upper-, middle- and lower-management positions and those not working in management positions. Design: Cross-sectional design and randomly selected hospitals, nursing homes and home care organizations. Methods: The study sample included nursing staff and midwives, physicians, medical–technical and medical–therapeutic professionals at all hierarchical levels (N = 8,112). Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analysed using multiple regression models. Results: Health professionals in upper- and middle-management positions reported higher quantitative demands, severe work–private life conflicts (p < .05) as well as less role clarity in middle-management positions (B = −1.58, p < .05). In lower-management positions, health professionals reported higher physical (B = 3.80, p < .001) and emotional demands (B = 1.79, p < .01), stress symptoms (B = 1.81, p < .05) and job dissatisfaction (B = −1.17, p < .05). Health professionals without management responsibilities reported the poorest working conditions in relation to various stressors, job satisfaction (B = −5.20, p < .001) and health-related outcomes (e.g. burnout symptoms: B = 1.89, p < .01).

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1002/nop2.469

Referens

Peter, K. A., Schols, J.M.G.A., Halfens, R.J.G., Hahn, S. (2020). Investigating work-related stress among health professionals at different hierarchical levels: A cross-sectional study. Nursing Open.

Flexible work arrangements in open workspaces and relations to occupational stress, need for recovery and psychological detachment from work

Mache, S., Servaty, R., Harth, V.

Sammanfattning

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12995-020-00258-z

Referens

Mache, S., Servaty, R., Harth, V. (2020). Flexible work arrangements in open workspaces and relations to occupational stress, need for recovery and psychological detachment from work. J Occup Med Toxicol, 15, 5.

Stress does not appear to negatively affect testicular function in infertile men

Coward, R. M.

Sammanfattning

Although a link between stress and infertility has been well established, most previous studies have focused on female partners. Only a few studies have thoroughly addressed the role of stress for male partners, particularly the direct relationship between stress and male reproductive function. Bräuner et al. (1) should be commended for their well-designed study evaluating male partner stress as a potential cause of gonadal dysfunction. The authors performed a cross-sectional study of 423 Danish men (149 [35.2%] infertile men and 274 [64.8%] fertile control men) recruited from an academic medical center to assess the association between psychological stress, stressful life events (SLEs), and male reproductive function as measured by semen quality, serum reproductive hormones, and erectile dysfunction.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Coward, R. M. (2020). Stress does not appear to negatively affect testicular function in infertile men. Fertility and Sterility, Volume 113, Issue 4, 771.

The Assessment of Psychosocial Work Conditions and Their Relationship to Well-Being: A Multi-Study Report

Kuczynski, I., Mädler, M., Taibi, Y., Lang, J.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this multi-study report is to present a questionnaire that enables researchers and practitioners to assess and evaluate psychosocial risks related to well-being. In Study 1, we conducted a cross-sectional online-survey in 15 German companies from 2016 to 2017 to verify factor- and criterion-related validity. Data consisted of 1151 employee self-ratings. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in an eight-factor structure (CFI = 0.902, RMSEA = 0.058, and SRMR = 0.070). All scales held to excellent internal consistency values (α = 0.65–0.90) and were related significantly to well-being (r = 0.17–0.35, p < 0.001). A second, longitudinal study in 2018 showed satisfying convergent and discriminant validity (N = 293) to scales from KFZA and COPSOQ. Test-retest reliability (N = 73; α = 0.65–0.88, p < 0.05) was also good. The instrument provides incremental validity above existing instruments since it explains additional variance in well-being.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Kuczynski, I., Mädler, M., Taibi, Y., Lang, J. (2020). The Assessment of Psychosocial Work Conditions and Their Relationship to Well-Being: A Multi-Study Report. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 1654.

The Extent of Psychosocial Distress among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Homecare Nurses — A Comparative cross Sectional Survey

Schilgen, B., Nienhaus, A., Mösko, M.

Sammanfattning

In times of demographic change, most developed countries are increasingly looking to cover the growing domestic demand for healthcare by hiring nurses from abroad. The evidence concerning the health of immigrant care workers is inconsistent since studies report that it is either better or more impaired than that of their non-immigrant counterparts. This study compared the extent of occupational psychosocial stressors and resources affecting immigrant and non-immigrant homecare nurses. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in the homecare nursing service sector in Hamburg. Psychosocial distress, depressive symptomatology, generalized anxiety, somatic symptom burdens, homecare-specific qualitative stressors, as well as resources, have been measured using a standardized questionnaire. There was no significant difference in the extent of psychosocial distress experienced by immigrant and non-immigrant homecare nurses. Somatic symptom burdens most strongly predicted nurses’ psychosocial distress, in general. For immigrant nurses, greater influence and freedom at work, as well as fixed-term employment, was related to increased levels of distress, while age, working full time, and working overtime predicted distress in non-immigrant nurses. A functioning relationship with colleagues and superiors had a declining effect on immigrant nurses’ psychosocial distress, while shift work arrangements benefitted non-immigrant nurses. Even though the extent of psychosocial distress experienced by immigrant and non-immigrant nurses did not significantly differ, the nurse’s individual explanatory model of psychosocial health should be considered in every occupational and political context.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Hemtjänstpersonal

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17051635

Referens

Schilgen, B., Nienhaus, A., Mösko, M. (2020). The Extent of Psychosocial Distress among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Homecare Nurses — A Comparative cross Sectional Survey. International journal of environmental research and public health.

Stimulated by insight: Exploration of critical care nurses' experience of research participation in a recovery programme for intensive care survivors

Lehmkuhl, L., Egerod, I., Overgaard, D., Bestle, H. M., Jensen, F. J.

Sammanfattning

Aims and objectives: To explore critical care nurses' experiences of research participation during a one‐year recovery programme for intensive care survivors. Background: Nurse‐led postintensive care follow‐up consultations have emerged to help patients to recover and overcome problems related to critical illness and admission at the intensive care unit (ICU). Previous research exploring post‐ICU follow‐up programmes have shown inconclusive evidence of their effectiveness on patient‐reported outcome measurements, and provider evaluation is scarce. The context of this study is the Recovery and Aftercare in Postintensive care Therapy (RAPIT) trial. Design: A qualitative descriptive telephone interview study. Methods: Data were collected after completion of the RAPIT trial. Participants (n = 14) were trained intensive care nurses, who delivered the post‐ICU recovery programme, representing nine out of ten sites from the RAPIT trial. Two focus group discussions were used to construct a semistructured interview guide. A thematic data analysis was performed using Braun and Clark's six‐step method. This study conforms to the COREQ Research Reporting Guidelines for qualitative studies. Results: Our study indicated that nurses considered participation in research as a positive experience. The main finding “Stimulated by insight” described how nurses' engagement and professional growth was gained by reflection, patient feedback and research competencies acquired in the clinical setting. The research programmes stimulated to new knowledge, broaden their perspectives and enhanced critical reflection of ICU nursing practice. Conclusions: The study indicates that nurses developed research competencies and enhanced their job satisfaction by using critical reflection and patient feedback. However, there is still a substantial need for support to strengthen nurses' competencies in collaboration with colleagues, managers and researchers. Relevance to Clinical Practice: This study can contribute to the development of recommendations supporting nurses doing research and to optimise implementation of clinical research.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jocn.15193

Referens

Lehmkuhl, L., Egerod, I., Overgaard, D., Bestle, H. M., Jensen, F. J. (2020). Stimulated by insight: Exploration of critical care nurses' experience of research participation in a recovery programme for intensive care survivors.

The design and development of a hybrid off-job crafting intervention to enhance needs satisfaction, well-being and performance: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Kosenkranius, M.K., Rink, F.A., de Bloom, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Employees dealing with job demands such as high workload and permeable work-life boundaries could benefit from bottom-up well-being strategies such as off-job crafting. We have developed a hybrid off-job crafting intervention to promote off-job crafting, a proactive pursuit to adjust one’s off-job time activities to satisfy one’s psychological needs. This hybrid intervention contains both on-site (two trainings) and online elements (smartphone app) to enhance employees’ well-being and performance within different life domains. Methods: The study is designed as a randomized controlled trial with an intervention group and a waitlist control group. The study population will be Finnish knowledge workers. The intervention program focuses on six psychological needs (detachment, relaxation, autonomy, mastery, meaning, and affiliation) proposed by the DRAMMA model. The intervention will consist of the following components: 1) an on-site off-job crafting training, 2) an individual off-job crafting plan for the four-week intervention period, 3) Everydaily smartphone app usage, and 4) a training session for reflection. The study outcomes are assessed with online questionnaires once at baseline, weekly during the intervention period and twice after the intervention (two-week and six-week follow-up). Moreover, during the second training session, participants will participate in a process evaluation to shed light on the mechanisms that can affect the effectiveness of the intervention. Discussion: We expect that the intervention will stimulate off-job crafting behaviors, which may in turn increase well-being and performance in both non-work and work domains during and after the intervention (compared to baseline and to the control group). The intervention may provide employees with additional resources to deal with various stressors in life. Furthermore, this off-job crafting intervention could also offer performance benefits for the employers such as increased organizational citizenship behaviors among employees. Trial registration: The Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NL8219, December 9, 2019. Registered retrospectively. https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8219

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Finland

Yrken

Kunskapsarbetare

DOI

10.1186/s12889-020-8224-9

Referens

Kosenkranius, M.K., Rink, F.A., de Bloom, J. et al. (2020). The design and development of a hybrid off-job crafting intervention to enhance needs satisfaction, well-being and performance: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 20, 115.

How can evidence-based interventions give the best value for users in social services? Balance between adherence and adaptations: a study protocol

Hasson, H., Gröndal, H., Rundgren, Å.H. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Using evidence-based interventions (EBIs) is a basic premise of contemporary social services (e.g., child and family social services). However, EBIs seldom fit seamlessly into a specific setting but often need to be adapted. Although some adaptions might be necessary, they can cause interventions to be less effective or even unsafe. The challenge of balancing adherence and adaptations when using EBIs is often referred to as the adherence and adaptation dilemma. Although the current literature identifies professionals’ management of this dilemma as problematic, it offers little practical guidance for professionals. This research aims to investigate how the adherence and adaptation dilemma is handled in social services and to explore how structured decision support can impact the management of the dilemma. Methods: The design is a prospective, longitudinal intervention with a focus on the feasibility and usefulness of the structured decision support. The project is a collaboration between academic researchers, embedded researchers at three research and development units, and social service organizations. A multi-method data collection will be employed. Initially, a scoping review will be performed, and the results will be used in the development of a structured decision support. The decision support will be further developed and tested during a series of workshops with social service professionals. Different forms of data—focus group interviews, questionnaires, and documentation—will be used on several occasions to evaluate the impact of the structured decision support. Qualitative and quantitative analysis will be performed and usefulness for practice prioritized throughout the study. Discussion: The study will contribute with knowledge on how the adherence and adaption dilemma is handled and experienced by social service professionals. Most importantly, the study will generate rich empirical data on how a structured decision support impacts professionals’ management of adherence and adaptions. The goal is to produce more strategic and context-sensitive implementation of EBIs in social service, which will increase value for service users.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1186/s43058-020-00005-9

Referens

Hasson, H., Gröndal, H., Rundgren, Å.H. et al. (2020). How can evidence-based interventions give the best value for users in social services? Balance between adherence and adaptations: a study protocol. Implement Sci Commun, 1, 15.

Occupational strain and job satisfaction: The job demand–resource moderation–mediation model in haemodialysis units

Ghanayem, M., Srulovici, E., Zlotnick, C.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To examine whether job resources moderate the relationship between job demands and occupational strain, and whether occupational strain mediates the relationship between job demands and job satisfaction. Background: The job demand–resource model suggests that job demands and job resources are related to occupational strain, and occupational strain is associated with job satisfaction. Methods: In 2018, a cross‐sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 85 nurses from six haemodialysis units. Linear regression with moderation–mediation analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results: Under low workload levels, no association between autonomy and occupational strain existed, but under high workload levels, a negative relationship was found between autonomy and occupational strain. Under low workload levels, a negative relationship was found between social support and occupational strain, but under high workload levels, a positive relationship was found. Finally, there was no association between occupational strain and job satisfaction. Conclusion: Job resources are moderators of the relationship between job demands and occupational strain. However, there was no significant association between occupational strain and job satisfaction. Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse leaders should strengthen nurses' autonomy, which can reduce occupational strain. Additionally, sources of support are needed to help nurses cope with the workload and occupational strain.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Israel

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jonm.12973

Referens

Ghanayem, M., Srulovici, E., Zlotnick, C. (2020). Occupational strain and job satisfaction: The job demand–resource moderation–mediation model in haemodialysis units. J Nurs Manag, 00: 1– 9.

Job Demands and Job Resources on Job Satisfaction: A Study of Staff Nurses at a General Hospital in Malaysia

Tahir, N. K. M., Hussein, N., & Rahim, A. R. A.

Sammanfattning

The complexity of nursing working environment can adversely affect their satisfaction towards the job. In general, job characteristics can be categorized into job demands and job resources. Job demands can be managed by having sufficient job resources to meet the favourable work outcome. Job satisfaction is much influenced by both job demands and job resources. Therefore, this paper attempts to examine the relationship between job demands and job resources on job satisfaction among staff nurses at a general hospital in Malaysia. A total of 180 staff nurses were randomly selected from a general hospital in Malaysia to determine the relationship. The finding of present study found that there is only one dimension that is emotional demands under job demands was found a significant negative relationship with job satisfaction. Meanwhile, only one dimension that is feedback at work under job resources was found to have a significant positive relationship with job satisfaction among staff nurses in Malaysia.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Tahir, N. K. M., Hussein, N., & Rahim, A. R. A. (2020). Job Demands and Job Resources on Job Satisfaction: A Study of Staff Nurses at a General Hospital in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(13), 41–50.

Temporal work stressors and satisfaction with work, life and health among health professionals in Switzerland

Siebenhüner, K., Battegay, E., Hämmig, O.

Sammanfattning

Background: Working in a hospital can be both rewarding and stressful. Whether one or the other is dominant depends on a number of factors ranging from shift work, physical demands, responsibilities and time pressure to job autonomy, work climate and leisure time. Aim: This study aimed to examine associations between temporal work stressors and satisfaction with work, life and health among health professionals in general, and nurses and physicians in particular. Associations were further investigated for possible mediating and intervening factors. Methods: Cross-sectional survey data on 1232 health professionals at three public hospitals and two rehabilitation clinics were collected in 2015/2016. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were used to estimate the standardised effects (beta coefficients) of temporal work stressors (overtime and time pressure), and organisational and personal resources (job autonomy, work climate, internal control belief) on general stress as the assumed mediator and finally on satisfaction with work, life and health. Results: Temporal work stressors were found to strongly predict general stress symptoms among health professionals (β = 0.25) and particularly physicians (β = 0.30), independently of the observed stress-buffering effects of organisational resources such as job autonomy (β = −0.09) or work climate (β = −0.22). Associations between temporal work stressors (as predictors) and satisfaction with work, life and health (as outcomes) turned out to be mostly indirect, mediated by general stress. General stress in turn was observed to be the strongest predictor of domain-specific satisfaction (β = −0.17 to −0.34), sometimes only surpassed by resources such as work climate or internal control belief. Explained variance of the three satisfaction outcomes in the fully specified regression or explanatory models ranged between 14% and 45% depending on the (sub-)sample (nurses, physicians, all health professionals) or the outcome. Control belief was revealed to be a strong and independent personal resource, particularly regarding satisfaction with life and health in general (β = 0.25/0.21). Conclusion: Satisfaction and well-being of health professionals are strongly affected by job stressors such as frequent or excessive overtime work or permanent time pressure at work. Negative consequences of temporal work stressors are attenuated by organisational and personal resources such as a high level of job autonomy, a good work climate or a strong internal control belief.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.4414/smw.2020.20175

Referens

Siebenhüner, K., Battegay, E., Hämmig, O. (2020). Temporal work stressors and satisfaction with work, life and health among health professionals in Switzerland. Swiss medical weekly.

Stressors and protective factors among regional and metropolitan Australian medical doctors: A mixed methods investigation

Clough, A. B., Ireland, J. I., Leane, S., March, S.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study aimed to compare stress, burnout, stressors, and protective factors among regional‐ and metropolitan‐based Australian medical doctors. Method: A mixed methods design was utilized with 252 Australian medical doctors completing an online questionnaire package. A subsample also completed qualitative interviews. Results: Stress was significantly higher among doctors compared with population norms. Over half of doctors reported burnout on one or more dimensions. The strongest unique predictors were being female, working late, and work–family conflict. Qualitatively, 12 stressors (e.g., training and competition, workload, and time management) and 9 protective subthemes (e.g., being well resourced, clinical interest) emerged across system‐level, clinical environment‐level, and individual factor and personal response themes. Conclusions: Stress and burnout among doctors are alarmingly high and both system/organization‐level (e.g., communication systems, workload, flexible work arrangements) and individual‐level (e.g., fostering resilience/coping strategies) predictors are implicated by our results. These may be useful targets for future interventions.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1002/jclp.22940

Referens

Clough, A. B., Ireland, J. I., Leane, S., March, S. (2020). Stressors and protective factors among regional and metropolitan Australian medical doctors: A mixed methods investigation. Journal of Clinical Psychology.

Predicting Sustainable Employability in Swedish Healthcare: The Complexity of Social Job Resources

Roczniewska, M., Richter, A., Hasson, H., von Thiele Schwarz, U.

Sammanfattning

Achieving sustainable employability (SE), i.e., when employees are able to continue working in a productive, satisfactory, and healthy manner, is a timely challenge for healthcare. Because healthcare is a female-dominated sector, our paper investigated the role of social job resources in promoting SE. To better illustrate the complexity of the organizational environment, we incorporated resources that operate at different levels (individual, group) and in different planes (horizontal, vertical): trust (individual-vertical), teamwork (group-horizontal), and transformational leadership (group-vertical). Based on the job demands-resources model, we predicted that these resources initiate the motivational process and thus promote SE. To test these predictions, we conducted a 3-wave study in 42 units of a healthcare organization in Sweden. The final study sample consisted of 269 professionals. The results of the multilevel analyses demonstrated that, at the individual level, vertical trust was positively related to all three facets of SE. Next, at the group level, teamwork had a positive link with employee health and productivity, while transformational leadership was negatively related to productivity. These findings underline the importance of acknowledging the levels and planes at which social job resources operate to more accurately capture the complexity of organizational phenomena and to design interventions that target the right level of the environment.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17041200

Referens

Roczniewska, M., Richter, A., Hasson, H., von Thiele Schwarz, U. (2020). Predicting Sustainable Employability in Swedish Healthcare: The Complexity of Social Job Resources. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4).

High leisure‐time physical activity reduces the risk of long‐term sickness absence

López‐Bueno, R., Sundstrup, E., Vinstrup, J., Casajús, A. J., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study examined the association of leisure‐time physical activity (LTPA) with the risk of long‐term sickness absence (LTSA). Methods: A total of 10 427 subjects from the general working population in Denmark answered questions about physical activity habits, health and work environment in the 2010 Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (DWECS). Data on LTSA (≥6 consecutive weeks during 2‐year follow‐up) were obtained from the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization (DREAM). Cox regression analysis censored for competing events and adjusted for potential confounders (age, sex, BMI, smoking habits, depression, cancer, back diseases, previous LTSA, occupational social class, and psychosocial work environment) estimated the association between the predictor (LTPA) and the outcome variable (LTSA). During the 2‐year follow‐up period, 9.2% of the studied population experienced LTSA. Results: In the general working population, moderate LTPA was not associated with LTSA (HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.72‐1.09), while high LTPA showed a tendency (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59‐1.01). In subgroup analyses, women below the age of 45 years with high LTPA showed a significantly lower risk of LTSA when compared with their low LTPA counterparts (HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.25‐0.78). Conclusion: The results suggest that high levels of physical activity during leisure are associated with a lowered risk of LTSA, especially among younger women.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1111/sms.13629

Referens

López‐Bueno, R., Sundstrup, E., Vinstrup, J., Casajús, A. J., Andersen, L. L. (2020). High leisure‐time physical activity reduces the risk of long‐term sickness absence. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports.

Predictors of well-being and burnout: the case of female professional footballers in the Netherlands

Mason, O.

Sammanfattning

Background: Little is known about well-being and burnout in female professional soccer. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to delineate and predict these outcomes in female players in the Netherlands. Study design/setting: A cross-sectional study using validated self-report instruments assessed the basic emotional needs, work-life balance, coaching support and wellbeing/burnout in female professional football players. Materials and Methods: 67 players from across all nine Dutch Eredivisie league clubs completed a range of self-report measures. These assessed perceived coach autonomy support, work-life conflict, basic needs (for autonomy, competence and relatedness), subjective vitality and burnout on scales specific to elite athletes. Statistics/Results: These suggested that the environment in terms of coaching is broadly supportive for most individuals and is not leading to burnout and poor wellbeing across the sample. A minority of players were nevertheless identified to have significantly poor wellbeing and high levels of burnout. Conclusion: Consistent with basic need theory, poor wellbeing was predicted by several unmet needs, while burnout was predicted by both work-life conflict and unmet needs. There are clear implications that female professionals frequently experience high levels of work-life conflict.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Fotbollsspelare

Referens

Mason, O. (2019). Predictors of well-being and burnout: the case of female professional footballers in the Netherlands. International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Health Research, 3 (2), 28-32.

Positive Health Behaviors and Their Determinants Among Men Active on the Labor Market in Poland

Hildt-Ciupińska, K., Pawłowska-Cyprysiak, K.

Sammanfattning

This paper reports on results from research conducted on health behaviors undertaken of men. Health behavior is one of the determinants of our health. The way in which people care for their health affects not only their health, but also their well-being, quality of life, and work ability. The lifestyle and health behavior have a significant impact on health, whereas a lack of pro-health behavior may cause the risk of many diseases and mortality, especially among men. The aim of the study was to define the determinants of positive health behaviors among men aged 20–65, active on the labor market. To check the attitudes of men toward health and health behavior, a questionnaire-based research has been carried out among 600 men active on the labor market. Several tools were used: Positive Health Behaviour Scale (Woynarowska-Sołdan & Węziak-Białowolska, 2012), Work Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998), work–life balance—with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (subscale “Work-home conflict”) (Kristensen & Borg, 2005), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (Wallston & Wallston, 1978, in polish adaptation Juczyński, 2001), Inventory for Psychological Sex Assessment (Kuczyńska, 2012) and Personal Values (Juczyński, 2001), and questionnaire “Work conditions” (developed in CIOPPIB). These studies have shown which factors determine their health behavior. The positive health behaviors of men were associated with good economic status, high self-assessment of care for health, positive opinions about life and work, and masculinity. They were also white-collar workers with good work ability.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Polen

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1557988319899236

Referens

Hildt-Ciupińska, K., Pawłowska-Cyprysiak, K. (2020). Positive Health Behaviors and Their Determinants Among Men Active on the Labor Market in Poland. American Journal of Men's Health, 14 (1).

Stress of Dialysis Nurses—Analyzing the Buffering Role of Influence at Work and Feedback

Kersten, M., Vincent-Höper, S., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

Dialysis nurses face complex and demanding working conditions. Due to demographic changes, the number of dialysis patients has increased, while the number of skilled personnel is expected to decrease, leading to tremendous increases in quantitative demands in the near future. Against the background of increasing workload, focusing on the provision of job resources is considered a promising approach because resources can buffer the negative effects of job demands. The aim of this study is to investigate whether different job resources—in particular influence at work and feedback—play a buffering role in the relationship between job demands and employee well-being. The study used a cross-sectional paper–pencil survey design. Data were collected from 951 dialysis nurses working in dialysis facilities in Germany between October 2010 and March 2012 using validated measures of quantitative job demands, job-related resources (influence at work and feedback), and cognitive stress symptoms. To test the moderating role of resources, we applied hierarchical regression analyses. The findings indicate that feedback buffers the relationship between quantitative demands and well-being; that is, the positive relationship between quantitative demands and cognitive stress symptoms was weaker when feedback was high. However, we found no buffering role of influence at work. The results suggest that feedback is a promising resource that may buffer the negative impact of quantitative demands on well-being of dialysis nurses. The findings offer new approaches for training nurses and implementing a feedback culture.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.3390/ijerph17030802

Referens

Kersten, M., Vincent-Höper, S., Nienhaus, A. (2020). Stress of Dialysis Nurses—Analyzing the Buffering Role of Influence at Work and Feedback. International journal of environmental research and public health.

Malay Validation of Copenhagen Psychosocial Work Environment Questionnaire in Context of Second Generation Statistical Techniques

Isha, A. S. N., Javaid, M. U., Zaib Abbasi, A., Bano, S., Zahid, M., Memon, M. A., Rehman, U., Nübling, M., Sabir, A. A., Ur Rehman, S. & Imtiaz, N.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial hazards present in workplaces are being actively investigated by researchers from multiple domains. More research and resources are required to investigate the debilitating consequences of these hazards in the developing and underdeveloped countries where this issue remains one of grave concern. This study aims at investigating the psychometric properties of Malaysian version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire for reliability and validity purpose. The Malaysian version of COPSOQ is a multidimensional questionnaire; it comprises of 7 major formative constructs and 28 variables with an additional inclusion of two variables which are organizational loyalty and physiological health biomarkers (blood pressure and body mass index) that explicate a reflective construct which has 93 items all catering to assess psychosocial determinants present in workplace environments. Each formative second-order construct is further categorized into different reflective first-order constructs. The focus of this study was only on first-order reflective constructs. Probability sampling was used for data collection from 300 respondents working in industries with a response rate of 100%; structural equation modeling technique was applied for data analysis. All psychometric analysis performed on reflective constructs gave reliable results which demonstrate the validity of Bahasa Melayu (BM-COPSOQ) and its comprehensiveness of including relevant dimensions particularly in context to Asian region. The BM-COPSOQ will fill up the knowledge gap and provide a bridge between researchers, work professionals and practitioners, and many other workplaces for the best understanding of psychosocial work environment.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1155/2020/7680960

Referens

Isha, A. S. N., Javaid, M. U., Zaib Abbasi, A., Bano, S., Zahid, M., Memon, M. A., Rehman, U., Nübling, M., Sabir, A. A., Ur Rehman, S. & Imtiaz, N. (2020). Malay Validation of Copenhagen Psychosocial Work Environment Questionnaire in Context of Second Generation Statistical Techniques. BioMed Research International, Volume 2020.

Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Woo, T., Ho, R., Tang, A., Tam, W.

Sammanfattning

WHO recently declared burnout as a “occupational phenomenon” in the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11), recognizing burnout as a serious health issue. Amongst healthcare workers, nurses are known to struggle with burnout symptoms the most, carrying serious consequences for patients, other healthcare professionals and healthcare organisations. Evidence has suggested that burnout symptoms in nurses is high across specialties and countries, but no meta-analysis have been performed to investigate burnout symptoms prevalence in nurses globally. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine burnout symptoms prevalence in nurses worldwide using 8 academic research databases. Risk of bias, heterogeneity and subgroup analyses were further conducted in the meta-analysis. 113 studies were included for systematic review and 61 studies for the meta-analysis, consisting 45,539 nurses worldwide in 49 countries across multiple specialties. An overall pooled-prevalence of burnout symptoms among global nurses was 11.23%. Significant differences were noted between geographical regions, specialties and type of burnout measurement used. Sub-Saharan African region had the highest burnout symptoms prevalence rate while Europe and Central Asia region had the lowest. Paediatric nurses had the highest burnout symptoms prevalence rates among all specialties while Geriatric care nurses had the lowest. This study is the first study to synthesize published studies and to estimate pooled-prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses globally. The findings suggest that nurses have high burnout symptoms prevalence warranting attention and implementation. This study serves as an impetus for intervention studies and policy change to improve nurses’ work conditions and overall healthcare quality.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015

Referens

Woo, T., Ho, R., Tang, A., Tam, W. (2020). Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, Vol 123, 9-20.

Worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses: A comprehensive meta‐analysis of observational studies

Lu, L, Dong, M, Lok, GKI, et al.

Sammanfattning

Aims: Sexual harassment towards nurses is a major concern universally, but no meta‐analysis on the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses has yet been published. This study examined the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses and explored its moderating factors. Design: Meta‐analysis of observational studies. Data sources: The PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from their commencement date to February 2018 were systematically and independently searched by two investigators. Review methods: Data on the prevalence of sexual harassment experienced by nurses were extracted and pooled using the random‐effects model. Results: A total of 43 studies covering 52,345 nurses were included in the analyses. Female nurses accounted for 83.87% of the 32,970 subjects in 25 studies with available data on gender ratio. The prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses in the past 12 months and during nursing career were 12.6% (95% CI: 10.9–14.4%) and 53.4% (95% CI: 23.1–83.7%), respectively. Gender, use of the WHO questionnaires, lower middle‐income and high‐income countries, sample size, survey year, and mean age of subjects were significantly associated with the prevalence of sexual harassment. Conclusion: The high prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses found in this meta‐analysis represents the ongoing sexism and deleterious effects (e.g., poor work quality and efficiency, increased stress and job dissatisfaction) in the profession. Appropriate preventive measures, training, and empowerment of nurses are needed to ensure workplace safety and equality in this profession. Impact: The study addressed the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses and its moderating factors. Health authorities and hospital administrators should develop organizational policy and preventive strategies to ensure nurses’ workplace safety and equality.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jan.14296

Referens

Lu, L, Dong, M, Lok, GKI, et al. (2019). Worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses: A comprehensive meta‐analysis of observational studies. J Adv Nurs., 76: 980-990.

(Un)bounded Social Work?—Analysis of Working Conditions in Refugee and Homeless Aid in Relation to Perceived Job Stress and Job Satisfaction

Robelski, S., Mette, J., Wirth, T., Kiepe, N., Nienhaus, A., Harth, V., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Little is known about working conditions of social workers providing help in homeless and refugee aid. Therefore, the present study examined their work-related demands, job and personal resources as well as workplace violence, domain-specific demands, and gender related differences. Job demands and resources were analyzed with regard to their association with job stress and job satisfaction. Two hundred and fifty-three social workers (69.2% female, 30.8% male) from four federal states in Germany (Berlin, Hamburg, Schleswig Holstein, and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) took part in the cross-sectional quantitative online survey that included validated scales and exploratory items especially developed for the target group. Multiple regression analysis showed that resilience as a personal resource was a significant negative predictor of perceived job stress. Emotional demands were positively related with perceived job stress. Meaning of work and social support were strongly associated with job satisfaction. Language and bureaucratic barriers as well as being affected by clients’ experiences were the domain-specific demands named most often. The study offers insights into the work-related demands and resources and their respective impact on perceived job stress and job satisfaction experienced by social workers in refugee and homeless aid. In order to ensure health and safety for this occupational group, health promotion measures focusing on structural aspects are recommended.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Socialsekreterare

Referens

Robelski, S., Mette, J., Wirth, T., Kiepe, N., Nienhaus, A., Harth, V., Mache, S. (2020). (Un)bounded Social Work?—Analysis of Working Conditions in Refugee and Homeless Aid in Relation to Perceived Job Stress and Job Satisfaction. International journal of environmental research and public health.

“Engaged, Burned Out, or Both?” A Structural Equation Model Testing Risk and Protective Factors for Social Workers in Refugee and Homeless Aid

Mette, J., Robelski, S., Wirth, T., Nienhaus, A., Harth, V., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

The present study sheds light on social workers’ working conditions in highly demanding settings and examines the associations between their perceived job demands, resources, resilience, personal burnout, and work engagement. A cross-sectional quantitative online survey was conducted with employees in social work institutions of independent and public sponsors providing help for refugees and homeless persons. The study participants were 243 social workers (68.8% female and 31.3% male) from four federal states in Germany. Correlations between social workers’ job demands, resources, burnout, and work engagement were confirmed in accordance with the Job Demands–Resources model. Results of the structural equation modelling revealed significant positive effects of employees’ job demands on their personal burnout, but no significant effects on their work engagement. The meaning of work as a job resource was significantly positively related to work engagement and negatively related to burnout. Although resilience did not moderate the relationship between employees’ job demands and burnout, it had a significant negative effect on burnout and a positive effect on work engagement. The results indicate a need for the development of health promotion measures for social workers in homeless and refugee aid. Structural approaches should target the reduction of employees’ job demands to diminish their potentially health-depleting effects. Of equal importance, behavioural measures should foster employees’ meaning of work and resilience, since both resources showed beneficial effects on their work engagement and were negatively related to burnout.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Socialsekreterare

Referens

Mette, J., Robelski, S., Wirth, T., Nienhaus, A., Harth, V., Mache, S. (2020). “Engaged, Burned Out, or Both?” A Structural Equation Model Testing Risk and Protective Factors for Social Workers in Refugee and Homeless Aid. International journal of environmental research and public health.

Occupation as a Proxy for Job Exposures? Routine Data Analysis Using the Example of Rehabilitation

Brünger, M., Bernert, S., Spyra, K.

Sammanfattning

Aim of the study: Job exposures are associated with health-related outcomes including sick leave and reduction in earning capacity. Rehabilitation of persons in working age aims primarily to secure or restore work capacity. Information concerning job exposures is, however, not directly available in routine data of healthcare payers. Since exposures relate to specific occupations and the current occupation is part of routine data, job exposures may be determined indirectly via job-exposure matrices (JEM). The aim of the study is to describe the possibilities and challenges of the representation of job exposures by the occupation according to routine data using the example of rehabilitation. Methods: The Scientific Use File 'SUFRSDLV15B' of the German Pension Insurance was analysed. We used data from n=1 242 171 persons in work with at least one completed medical rehabilitation between 2008 and 2015 (dataset 1). The occupation is coded according to KldB 88 or KldB 2010 (German Classification of Occupations). In addition, data from a nationwide survey with 2530 rehabilitation patients was available (dataset 2). Job exposures are operationalized by the Job Exposure Index via JEM. The relationship to the return-to-work prognosis at the end of rehabilitation (dataset 1) and to patient reported outcome measures (dataset 2) is described. Results: Information concerning the occupation is available for about 91% of rehabilitation measures of employed patients for the year prior to rehabilitation. At high levels of job exposures, the proportion of persons with a predicted working capacity in the last job of fewer than 3 h per day increased by a factor of 4 compared to low-level job exposures (23.5 vs. 6.1%). On the other hand, there is a low association only to reduced working capacity in the general labour market (2.9 vs. 2.4%). High-level job exposures are associated with self-reported, work-related impairments. Conclusion: The Job Exposure Index may offer a valid approach to depict occupation-related exposures. The index can be used in the analysis of routine data of the pension insurance and other social security funds, as well as in the linkage of individual assessment data with routine data containing the occupation, without any additional data collection effort. Due to its construction based on job classifications, it will not replace the assessment of individual burdens.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1055/a-0965-6777

Referens

Brünger, M., Bernert, S., Spyra, K. (2019). Occupation as a Proxy for Job Exposures? Routine Data Analysis Using the Example of Rehabilitation. Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)).

Predictors of work engagement among Australian non-government drug and alcohol employees: Implications for policy and practice

Duraisingam, V., Roche, M. A., Kostadinov, V., Hodge, S., Chapman, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: The alcohol and other drugs (AOD) workforce faces multiple challenges including stigma, limited resources, ideological conflicts and complex demands. An engaged, supported and stable workforce is essential for optimal service provision, quality care, effective harm reduction implementation and cost efficiency. However little research has examined factors that impact worker engagement in the AOD sector. To inform policy and practice on cost efficient service provision and effective workforce development, this study examined a range of potential predictors of work engagement among Australian AOD non-government workers. Methods: An online, cross-sectional survey of 294 non-government AOD workers measuring demographic, work-related psychosocial, and health and wellbeing variables was conducted in New South Wales, Australia. Multiple hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to identify significant predictors of worker engagement. Results: Most AOD workers demonstrated high work engagement levels. Significant predictors of engagement included role clarity, leadership quality, growth opportunities, resilience and social support, and older age. These workers were likely to be more energised, enthusiastic and dedicated in their jobs. Conclusions: This study is an important initial step in understanding work engagement among AOD workers. It offers valuable insights into ways to foster engagement, which in turn may ensure a more sustainable workforce that can deliver high quality care. Workers with high levels of engagement are more likely remain in their AOD roles over longer periods of time, acquire more skills and experience, and be better equipped to address complex demands. Workforce policies and programs specifically designed to enhance leadership skills and role clarity, while enhancing professional growth, resilience, and social supports, particularly for younger workers, are highlighted as essential strategies to promote engagement among AOD workers.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.102638

Referens

Duraisingam, V., Roche, M. A., Kostadinov, V., Hodge, S., Chapman, J. (2020). Predictors of work engagement among Australian non-government drug and alcohol employees: Implications for policy and practice. International Journal of Drug Policy, Volume 76.

Association between work unit prevalence of poor work ability and social capital – a cross-sectional analysis of 63 public sector work units

Kiss, P., Meester De, M., Kristensen, S. T., Clays, E., Braeckman, L.,

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the association between work unit prevalence of poor work ability and social capital within a public sector population. Methods: 836 subjects belonging to 63 well defined work units (mean response rate per work unit: 84.8%) in seven public sector organizations took part in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Associations between poor work ability (Work Ability Index <37), physical workload, need for recovery and social capital were explored on work unit level using bivariate correlations and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Significant correlations were found between work ability, work unit social capital (r: -0.311) and high need for recovery (r: 0.501). In the multivariate analysis need for recovery (standardized β 0.521) and workplace social capital (standardized β -0.321) were significantly associated with work ability at work unit level. Conclusions: The findings of our study are suggestive for an important role of need for recovery and workplace social capital in maintaining work ability in the public sector. Factors that decrease need for recovery and increase workplace social capital need to be considered for improving work ability.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.33573/ujoh2019.04.299

Referens

Kiss, P., Meester De, M., Kristensen, S. T., Clays, E., Braeckman, L., (2019). Association between work unit prevalence of poor work ability and social capital – a cross-sectional analysis of 63 public sector work units. Ukrainian journal of occupational health.

Effects of a cognitive ergonomics workplace intervention (CogErg) on cognitive strain and well-being: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. A study protocol

Kalakoski, V., Selinheimo, S., Valtonen, T. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Cognitively straining conditions such as disruptions, interruptions, and information overload are related to impaired task performance and diminished well-being at work. It is therefore essential that we reduce their harmful consequences to individual employees and organizations. Our intervention study implements practices for managing the cognitive strain typical to office work tasks and working conditions in offices. We will examine the effects of a cognitive ergonomics intervention on working conditions, workflow, well-being, and productivity. Methods/design: The study is a stratified cluster randomized trial. The clusters are work units, for example, teams or offices. The four participating organizations entered a total of 36 clusters, and we invited all 1169 knowledge employees of these units to participate. We randomly allocated the clusters into an intervention group (cognitive ergonomics) or an active control group (recovery supporting). We invited an additional 471 participants to join a passive control group only for baseline and follow-up measurements, with no intervention. The study consists of a baseline survey and interviews and observations at the workplace, followed by an intervention. It starts with a workshop defining the specific actions for the intervention implementation stage, during which we send task reminder questionnaires to all employees to support behaviour change at the individual and team levels. The primary outcome measure is perceived frequency of cognitive strain from working conditions; the secondary outcome measures include subjective cognitive load, well-being, workflow/productivity, and cognitive stress symptoms. Process evaluation uses the quantitative and qualitative data obtained during the implementation and evaluation phases. The baseline measurements, intervention phase, and end-of-treatment measurements are now complete, and follow-up will continue until November 2019. Discussion: There is a need to expand the research of cognitive strain, which poses a considerable risk to work performance and employee well-being in cognitively demanding tasks. Our study will provide new information about factors that contribute to such strain. Most importantly, the results will show which evidence-based cognitive ergonomic practices support work performance in knowledge work, and the project will provide concrete examples of how to improve at work. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03573674. Registered 29 June 2018.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Finland

Yrken

Kunskapsarbetare

DOI

10.1186/s40359-019-0349-1

Referens

Kalakoski, V., Selinheimo, S., Valtonen, T. et al. (2020). Effects of a cognitive ergonomics workplace intervention (CogErg) on cognitive strain and well-being: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. A study protocol. BMC Psychol, 8, 1.

Psychosocial factors and symptoms of stress in workers of a tire manufacturing company, Jalisco, Mexico

Aranda-Beltrán, C., González-Galindo, L., & Vázquez-García, R.

Sammanfattning

The objective of this study was to increase the knowledge of social and labor stressors that make up one of the main causes of occupational hazards. A census was conducted on the 60 workers of a tire manufacturing company. The study was descriptive, transversal and analytical. The presence of psychosocial factors was expressed by 49.1% of operational workers, the prevalence of stress symptoms in 36.4%. In the results of the relationship between psychosocial factors with the symptoms of stress and being sick, the two highest significant correspondences are observed in “Labor requirements” and “Job role and career development” with being sick, both with a p = 0.007.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Mexiko

Yrken

Fabriksarbetare

Referens

Aranda-Beltrán, C., González-Galindo, L., & Vázquez-García, R. (2020). Psychosocial factors and symptoms of stress in workers of a tire manufacturing company, Jalisco, Mexico. CIENCIA UNEMI, 13(32), 78-86.

Utilisation of rehabilitation services for non-migrant and migrant groups of higher working age in Germany – results of the lidA cohort study

Schröder, C.C., Dyck, M., Breckenkamp, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: An ageing and a shrinking labour force implies that the prevention of a premature exit from work due to poor health will become more relevant in the future. Medical rehabilitation is a health service that aims at active participation in working life. The provision of this service will be relevant for an increasing part of the ageing labour force, namely, employees with a migrant background and their different subgroups. Thus, this study examines whether first- and second-generation employees with migrant background differ from non-migrants in their utilisation of rehabilitation services and whether within the subsample of migrant employees, those persons with foreign nationality differ from those with German nationality. Methods: Socially insured employees born in 1959 or 1965 were surveyed nationwide in 2011 as part of the lidA cohort study (n=6303). Survey data of the first study wave were used to identify the dependent variable of the utilisation of rehabilitation (in- and outpatient), the independent variable of migrant status and the covariates of sociodemographic, work- and non-work-related factors. Applying bivariate statistics with tests of independence and block-wise logistic regressions, differences between the groups were investigated. Additionally, average marginal effects were computed to directly compare the adjusted models. Results: The study showed that first-generation migrants had a significantly lower likelihood of utilising outpatient rehabilitation than non-migrants (fully adj. OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.82) and that average marginal effects indicated higher differences in the full model than in the null model. No significant differences were found between the first- or second-generation migrants and non-migrants when comparing the utilisation of inpatient rehabilitation or any rehabilitation or when analysing German and foreign employees with migrant background (n=1148). Conclusions: Significant differences in the utilisation of outpatient rehabilitation between first-generation migrants and non-migrants were found, which could not be explained by sociodemographic, work- and non-work-related factors. Thus, further factors might play a role. The second-generation migrants resemble the non-migrants rather than their parent generation (first-generation migrants). This detailed investigation shows the heterogeneity in the utilisation of health services such as medical rehabilitation, which is why service sensitive to diversity should be considered.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12913-019-4845-z

Referens

Schröder, C.C., Dyck, M., Breckenkamp, J. et al. (2020). Utilisation of rehabilitation services for non-migrant and migrant groups of higher working age in Germany – results of the lidA cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res, 20, 31.

Work–family conflict and psychophysical health conditions of nurses: Gender differences and moderating variables

Zurlo, C. M., Vallone, F., Smith, P. A.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This study aims to investigate the associations of perceived work–family conflict with nurses' psychophysical health conditions, exploring gender differences and analyzing the potential moderating effects of perceived job control (skill discretion and decision authority), social support, and job satisfaction. Methods: The study was carried out in five hospitals of the Italian Public Health Service. Participants were 450 nurses (206 men, 244 women). Self‐administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted. Results: Female nurses perceived significantly higher levels of work–family conflict, anxiety, depression and somatization. Significant gender differences emerged in the associations between work–family conflict and nurses' psychological health conditions and in moderating variables. Work–family conflict was significantly associated with anxiety and depression in male nurses and with somatization in both genders. The associations of work–family conflict with nurses' psychophysical health conditions were moderated by decision authority and job satisfaction, in male nurses, and by social support, in female nurses. Conclusions: Findings suggest including gender‐specific moderating variables for defining tailored policies and interventions within healthcare organizations to reduce perceived work–family conflict and to promote nurses' wellbeing.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jjns.12324

Referens

Zurlo, C. M., Vallone, F., Smith, P. A. (2020). Work–family conflict and psychophysical health conditions of nurses: Gender differences and moderating variables. Jpn J Nurs Sci, e12324.

Mobbing and Violence at Work as Hidden Stressors and Work Ability Among Emergency Medical Doctors in Serbia

Nikolić, D., Višnjić, A.

Sammanfattning

Background and Objectives: People employed in emergency medical services represent a professional group which encounters events beyond ordinary human experience, great work demands, the risk of professional disputes, and stressful situations. The goal of this study is to examine the presence of mobbing and violence at work, as well as their influence on work ability of emergency medical doctors. Materials and Methods: The survey is conducted in Emergency Medical Service (EMS) in Niš in the period between December 2017 and January 2018. Using standardized questionnaires on psychosocial conditions in work environment (COPSOQ II) and work ability index (WAI) this study encompasses 79 doctors. For estimation of the examined factors' influence on WAI linear regression analysis was used. Results: EMS doctors were exposed to abuse in 30.4% of the cases. The decline in WAI is significantly related with exposure to violence by patients (β = 0.727), exposure to physical violence (β = 0.896), exposure to abuse several times (β = 0.691) and exposure to ill-treatment by patients (β = 0.750). Conclusion: The results indicate that in the examined doctors mobbing and workplace violence are very much present and have a negative impact on their work, and therefore on the quality of health care.

År

2020

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Serbien

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.3390/medicina56010031

Referens

Nikolić, D., Višnjić, A. (2020). Mobbing and Violence at Work as Hidden Stressors and Work Ability Among Emergency Medical Doctors in Serbia. Medicina (Kaunas), 56(1).

Association Between Empathy and Burnout Among Emergency Medicine Physicians

Wolfshohl, J. A., Bradley, K., Bell, C. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The association between physician self-reported empathy and burnout has been studied in the past with diverse findings. We aimed to determine the association between empathy and burnout among United States emergency medicine (EM) physicians using a novel combination of tools for validation. Methods: This was a prospective single-center observational study. Data were collected from EM physicians. From December 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019, we used the Jefferson scale of empathy (JSE) to assess physician empathy and the Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI) to assess burnout. We divided EM physicians into different groups (residents in each year of training, junior/senior attendings). Empathy, burnout scores and their association were analyzed and compared among these groups. Results: A total of 33 attending physicians and 35 EM residents participated in this study. Median self-reported empathy scores were 113 (interquartile range (IQR): 105 - 117) in post-graduate year (PGY)-1, 112 (90 - 115) in PGY-2, 106 (93 - 118) in PGY-3 EM residents, 112 (105 - 116) in junior and 114 (101 - 125) in senior attending physicians. Overall burnout scores were 43 (33 - 50) in PGY-1, 51 (29 - 56) in PGY-2, 43 (42 - 53) in PGY-3 EM residents, 33 (24 - 47) in junior attending and 25 (22 - 53) in senior attending physicians separately. The Spearman correlation (ρ) was -0.11 and β-weight was -0.23 between empathy and patient-related burnout scores. Conclusion: Self-reported empathy declines over the course of EM residency training and improves after graduation. Overall high burnout occurs among EM residents and improves after graduation. Our analysis showed a weak negative correlation between self-reported empathy and patient-related burnout among EM physicians.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.14740/jocmr3878

Referens

Wolfshohl, J. A., Bradley, K., Bell, C. et al. (2019). Association Between Empathy and Burnout Among Emergency Medicine Physicians. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 11(7), 532–538.

The role of personal characteristics, work environment and context in working beyond retirement: A mixed-methods study

Van der Zwaan, G. L., Oude Hengel, K. M., Sewdas, R., Wind, A. d., Steenbeek, R., van der Beek, A. J., Boot, C. R. L.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To investigate the role of personal characteristics, work environment and context in working beyond retirement. Methods: In the current study, a mixed-methods design was applied including quantitative survey data and semi-structured telephone interviews. Respondents (N = 568) were selected from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM). Personal characteristics, work characteristics and contextual factors were measured using a questionnaire at baseline. Concurrently, qualitative data of 30 persons aged over 65 years were gathered. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify quantitative associations and thematic analyses were used for qualitative purposes. Results: Quantitative data revealed that being in good physical health (OR = 1.80), developmental proactivity (OR = 1.38), interesting work (OR = 2.02), appreciation (OR = 1.62) and voluntary work (OR = 1.58) were associated with working beyond the statutory retirement age. Additionally, qualitative findings suggested that working beyond retirement was mainly driven by the desire to contribute to society (e.g., mentor younger coworkers), and identified the employers’ willingness to hire an older worker despite existing stereotypes as an important precondition. Conclusions: Working beyond retirement is influenced by physical health and work characteristics, as well as motivational determinants such as the desire to contribute to society. However, to meet the increasing demands for paid jobs by individuals aged over 65 years, the willingness of employers to actually hire them is crucial. Therefore, recognition and utilization of older workers’ potentials is of great importance.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-018-1387-3

Referens

Van der Zwaan, G. L., Oude Hengel, K. M., Sewdas, R., Wind, A. d., Steenbeek, R., van der Beek, A. J., Boot, C. R. L. (2019). The role of personal characteristics, work environment and context in working beyond retirement: A mixed-methods study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 92(4), 535–549.

Do perceived working conditions and patient safety culture correlate with objective workload and patient outcomes: A cross-sectional explorative study from a German university hospital

Sturm, H., Rieger, M. A., Martus, P., Ueding, E., Wagner, A., Holderried, M., Maschmann, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Workload and demands on hospital staff have been growing over recent years. To ensure patient and occupational safety, hospitals increasingly survey staff about perceived working conditions and safety culture. At the same time, routine data are used to manage resources and performance. This study aims to understand the relation between survey-derived measures of how staff perceive their work-related stress and strain and patient safety on the one hand, and routine data measures of workload and quality of care (patient safety) on the other. Methods: We administered a written questionnaire to all physicians and nurses in the inpatient units at a German university hospital. The questionnaire was an amalgam of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) scale to assess patient-related burnout of and portions of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC). Indicators from administrative data used to assess workload and patient-related work-strain were: amount of overtime worked, work intensity recording of nurses, cost weight, occupancy rate and DRG-related length of stay. Quality of care was assessed using readmission rates and disease-related length of stay. Univariate associations were tested with Pearson correlations. Results: Response rate were 37% (224) for physicians and 39% (351) for nurses. Physicians’ overtime correlated strongly with perceived quantitative demands (.706, 95% CI: 0.634 to 0.766), emotional demands (.765; 95% CI: 0.705 to 0.814), and perceived role conflicts (.655, 95% CI: 0.573 to 0.724). Nurses’ work-intensity measures were associated with decreasing physician job satisfaction and with less favorable perceptions of the appropriateness of staffing (-.527, 95% CI:-0.856 to 0.107). Both professional groups showed medium to strong associations between the morbidity measure (cost weight) and role conflicts; between occupancy rates and role clarity (-.482, 95% CI: -0.782 to -0.02) and predictability of work (-.62, 95% CI: -0.848 to -0.199); and between length of stay and internal team functioning (-.555, 95% CI: -0.818 to -0.101). Higher readmission rates were associated with lower perceived patient safety (-.476, 95% CI: -0.779 to 0.006), inadequate staffing (-.702, 95% CI: -0.884 to -0.334), and worse team functioning (-.520, 95% CI: -0.801 to -0.052). Shorter disease-related length of stay was associated with better teamwork within units (-.555, 95% CI: -0.818 to -0.101) and a lower risk of physician burnout (-.588, 95% CI: -0.846 to -0.108). Conclusion: Perceptions of hospital personnel regarding sub-optimal workplace safety and teamwork issues correlated with worse patient outcome measures. Furthermore, objective measures of overtime work as well as objective measures of workload correlated clearly with subjective work-related stress and strain. This suggests that objective workload measures (such as overtime worked) could be used to indirectly monitor job-related psychosocial strain on employees and, thus, improve not only staff wellbeing but also patient outcomes. On the other hand, listening to their personnel could help hospitals to improve patient (and employee) safety.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0209487

Referens

Sturm, H., Rieger, M. A., Martus, P., Ueding, E., Wagner, A., Holderried, M., Maschmann, J. (2019). Do perceived working conditions and patient safety culture correlate with objective workload and patient outcomes: A cross-sectional explorative study from a German university hospital. PloS One, 14(1).

Depressive Symptoms Following Work-Related Violence and Threats and the Modifying Effect of Organizational Justice, Social Support, and Safety Perceptions

Sønderbo Andersen, L. P., Hogh, A., Andersen, J. H., Biering, K.

Sammanfattning

Work-related threats and violence is a major occupational hazard and the consequences for victims may be a range of physical and psychological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between exposure to work-related violence and threats and subsequent risk for depression and to examine whether the associations were modified by social support, organizational justice and safety perceptions. Questionnaire data was collected in 2010, 2011 and in 2015. A total of 5,342 employees from special schools, psychiatric wards, eldercare and the Prison and Probation Services (PPS) participated in the first round in 2010. The analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression. Staff exposed for work-related threats and violence had an increased risk for depression compared to non-exposed staff. The risk was highest for staff working in PPS. Compared to low levels, there were a tendency for high levels of social support, organizational justice and safety perception to attenuate the associations between work-related threats and violence and depression. However, none of the differences were statistically significant. Many employees working in human service sectors are exposed to work-related threats and violence which increases the risk for depression. The risk for depression following work-related threats and violence may be modified by social support, organizational justice and the perception of safety workplace. It is recommended that workplaces adopt an integrated organizational approach including both prevention of work-related threats and violence and intervention to modify the health consequences of work-related threats and violence.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Kontaktyrken

DOI

10.1177/0886260519831386

Referens

Sønderbo Andersen, L. P., Hogh, A., Andersen, J. H., Biering, K. (2019). Depressive Symptoms Following Work-Related Violence and Threats and the Modifying Effect of Organizational Justice, Social Support, and Safety Perceptions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.

Determinants of voluntary early retirement for older workers with and without chronic diseases: A Danish prospective study

Sewdas, R., Thorsen, S. V., Boot, C. R. L., Bjørner, J. B., van der Beek, A. J.

Sammanfattning

Aims: This study explored differences in determinants (i.e. health-related, work-related and social factors) of voluntary early retirement between older workers with and without chronic diseases in Denmark. Methods: Workers aged 56–64 years who were members of a voluntary early retirement scheme were selected from the Danish National Working Environment Survey (2008–2009) and were followed in a public register for four years. Cox regression analyses were performed separately for older workers with and without chronic disease to identify the associations between determinants and voluntary early retirement. To explore the differences between groups, an interaction term between the determinant and having a chronic disease was included in the analyses for the total population. Results: Among 1861 eligible older workers, determinants associated with a higher risk of voluntary early retirement included poorer self-rated health, more depressive symptoms, a higher physical workload, lower job satisfaction and lower influence at work. For older workers with a chronic disease (n=1185), the presence of work–family conflict was also associated with a higher risk of voluntary early retirement, whereas for those with no chronic disease (n=676), a poorer relationship with colleagues was an additional determinant. Higher emotional demands, a higher work pace and higher quantitative demands were not significantly associated with voluntary early retirement for either group. None of the interaction terms was found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusions: Determinants associated with voluntary early retirement did not significantly differ between older workers with or without a chronic disease in Denmark. We conclude that several health-related, work-related and social factors are important for prolonged labour force participation of older workers (with and without a chronic disease).

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494819852787

Referens

Sewdas, R., Thorsen, S. V., Boot, C. R. L., Bjørner, J. B., van der Beek, A. J. (2019). Determinants of voluntary early retirement for older workers with and without chronic diseases: A Danish prospective study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.

Crucial Work Environment Factors for Different Generations’Employee – Organisation Fit

Savanevičienė, A., Stankevičiūtė, Ž., Navickas, V., Grėbliūnaitė, M., Okręglicka, M.

Sammanfattning

Recently, the challenges of managing different generations have been increasingly emphasised, arguing that different environmental factors are important for different generations, leading to the employee-organisation fit. Drawing upon the job demands-resources (JD-R) theory, employee-organisation fit approach, and cohort perspective, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the crucial work environment factors for different generations’ employee-organisation fit. While studying this issue, several presumptions were proposed and tested using a linear regression method. The quantitative data were collected from questionnaires distributed in Lithuania using simple random sampling (311 responses). The empirical research findings show that the factors of job resources (autonomy, feedback, trust, and leadership) affect the all different generations’ employee-organisation fit more substantially than job demands factors (workload, work pressure, and emotional demands). Moreover, results confirm that the employee-organisation fit for different generations is ultimately determined by different environmental factors.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Litauen

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.17512/pjms.2019.19.1.28

Referens

Savanevičienė, A., Stankevičiūtė, Ž., Navickas, V., Grėbliūnaitė, M., Okręglicka, M. (2019). Crucial Work Environment Factors for Different Generations’Employee – Organisation Fit. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 19(1), 364–375.

Dispositional and situational factors at work

Pujol-Cols, L., Dabos, G. E.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Core Self-Evaluations Scale (CSES) and the Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction (BIAJS) in terms of internal consistency and factor structure and to, subsequently, analyze the influence of a set of dispositional factors (namely, core self-evaluations, CSEs) and situational factors (namely, psychosocial factors) on job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach: In total, 209 academics from an Argentinian university completed online surveys at two stages, separated in time, to reduce the common method bias. Findings: The Spanish version of the CSES and the BIAJS showed acceptable psychometric properties, which were similar to those previously reported in North-American, European and Asian settings. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that both situational and dispositional factors are significant predictors of job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications: The CSES and the BIAJS seem to be valid and reliable instruments for assessing CSEs and job satisfaction, respectively, in Latin America. The adoption of an interactionist approach that includes both situational and dispositional factors is crucial in future research examining job satisfaction. Practical implications: Managers should carefully evaluate the personality traits of candidates during personnel selection, as well as the working conditions they offer to their employees, since both factors seem to affect job satisfaction. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the validation of two scales that may promote future organizational behavior/psychology research in Latin America. In addition, it provides empirical evidence on the relative influence of a set of situational and dispositional factors on job satisfaction, thus contributing to the resolution of the person-situation debate.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Argentina

Yrken

Akademiker

DOI

10.1108/ARLA-12-2017-0355

Referens

Pujol-Cols, L., Dabos, G. E. (2019). Dispositional and situational factors at work. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 359.

Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Nursing Homes: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study in Residents and Caregivers

Ortiz, M., Schnabel, K., Binting, S., Fischer, H. F., Teut, M., Suhr, R., Brinkhaus, B.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Some nursing homes for the elderly in Germany integrate complex complementary and integrative medicine interventions in the form of hydrotherapy, herbal and mind-body therapies, physical activities, and healthy eating, known as Kneipp therapy (KT), in care. This pilot study explored health- and work-related characteristics and acceptance of KT amongst residents and caregivers. Methods: Within a mixed-methods cross-sectional study in nursing homes who had integrated KT, we assessed work ability, psychosocial burden at work and health-related quality of life of caregivers, as well as a broad selection of health-related data of residents by questionnaires and assessments. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The data from 29 female caregivers (42.0 ± 11.7 years) and 64 residents (83.2 ± 8.1 years) were analyzed. Both caregivers (96%) and residents (89%) considered KT to be beneficial for health and well-being. Ninety percent of the caregivers indicated an improved relationship to residents since implementing KT. Caregivers showed a good work ability and quality of life. Residents attained remarkable ratings in social relation and affect-related aspects of quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this cross-sectional study indicate a high acceptance of integrating KT by residents and caregivers. The effectiveness and safety of KT should be explored in further comparative studies.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1159/000500515

Referens

Ortiz, M., Schnabel, K., Binting, S., Fischer, H. F., Teut, M., Suhr, R., Brinkhaus, B. (2019). Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Nursing Homes: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study in Residents and Caregivers. Complementary Medicine Research, 1–12.

Critical Incidents of Financial Hardship and Worker Health: A Mixed-Methods Retrospective Study

Odle-Dusseau, H. N., Matthews, R. A., Wayne, J. H., Huang, S.

Sammanfattning

Rooted in Social Cognitive Career theory, we present a mixed-methods analysis of the perceived impacts of a financial hardship on workers’ job outcomes, the work-family interface, and physical and emotional health. We used the Critical Incidents Technique to gather worker perceptions (n = 571) of the most challenging financial hardship they had recently experienced, as well as the effects of this hardship on work, family, and health. Workers’ qualitative responses overwhelmingly indicate health as an outcome of the financial hardship as well as, to a lesser extent, a cause of a financial hardship, suggesting a damaging reciprocal effect among financial hardships and health. Family was often noted in responses as both impacted by and as a source of the hardship, as were negative effects of financial hardships on employment-related outcomes (i.e., underemployment, difficulty finding a new job, job insecurity). Quantitative results suggest a process whereby financial insecurity affects stress and WFB satisfaction which, in turn, negatively relates to health outcomes (sleep disturbances, musculoskeletal pain, and general health perceptions) as well as organizational outcomes (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational justice). Given the potential cost to organizations when worker health and job attitudes are negatively impacted, our results suggest organizations should be mindful of workers’ experiences of financial hardships.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s41542-019-00042-4

Referens

Odle-Dusseau, H. N., Matthews, R. A., Wayne, J. H., Huang, S. (2019). Critical Incidents of Financial Hardship and Worker Health: A Mixed-Methods Retrospective Study. Occupational Health Science, 3(2), 145–165.

An Analysis of the Correlation between Psychosocial Hazard and Work Accidents at Velodrome-Kelapa Gading Light Rail Transit Project by Pt Xyz in 2018

Nina, A. N., Erwandi, D., Djunaidi, Z., Hastiti, L. R.

Sammanfattning

Background: This research examined the field workers in Kelapa Gading LRT project that were susceptible to the psychosocial risk of work stress. Currently, psychosocial hazards raise a concern as this type of workplace hazard along with its significant impact are often unrecognized by workers or management. The number of work accidents also increased due to various factors ranging from physical, chemical, biological, radiological and psychosocial hazards factors. The purpose of this research is to analyze the correlation between psychosocial hazard towards work accident of workers at the Kelapa Gading LRT project by PT XYZ in 2018. Methods: This research employs a quantitative cross-sectional descriptive method by using the COPSOQ II modified questionnaire and research questionnaire from Goldenhar to measure the independent variable; and research questionnaire to measure the moderating variable. There are three variables: independent variable (eight psychosocial factors), moderating variable (psychosocial risk) and the dependent variable (work accident). This research analyzes the independent variable with moderating variable and then analyzes moderating variable's relationship with work accident as the dependent variable using Fisher Exact test. Result: The results show that there is a significant relationship between home-work interface, career development, and job certainty with psychosocial risk; and psychosocial risk has a significant relationship towards work accident. To minimize the adverse impacts of the psychosocial factors, the company should apply a reward system that can be given in material or appreciation of hard work to increase worker motivation and to create active communication between management and workers.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indien

Yrken

Lantarbetare

DOI

10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01119.7

Referens

Nina, A. N., Erwandi, D., Djunaidi, Z., Hastiti, L. R. (2019). An Analysis of the Correlation between Psychosocial Hazard and Work Accidents at Velodrome-Kelapa Gading Light Rail Transit Project by Pt Xyz in 2018. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(5), 1355.

Risk of childhood asthma following prenatal exposure to negative life events and job stressors: A nationwide register-based study in Denmark

Liu, X., Madsen, K. P., Sejbaek, C. S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between negative life events, job stressors (low job control or high psychosocial job demands) and offspring asthma phenotypes (early-onset transient, early-onset persistent and late-onset asthma). Methods: In a population-based cohort study comprising 547 533 liveborn singletons, we determined negative life events and offspring asthma at age six years using data from Danish nationwide registers. We assessed job demands and job control from gender-specific job exposure matrices. Prevalence ratios (PR) of each asthma phenotype were estimated using log-binomial regression. Results: Maternal exposure to negative life events prenatally was not significantly associated with offspring asthma. Among mothers with low job demands, low job control was associated with increased risk for early-onset transient asthma [PR=1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.19], early-onset persistent asthma (PR=1.17, 95% CI 1.11–1.23), and late-onset asthma (PR=1.06, 95% CI 1.00–1.14). Among mothers with high job demands, low job control was not associated with offspring asthma apart from a reduced risk of early-onset persistent asthma (PR=0.94, 95% CI 0.90–0.97). These associations were independent of child sex and parental atopic history. Conclusions: Maternal stressors in private life do not seem to influence offspring asthma significantly. Low job control is associated with offspring asthma, which is modified by maternal psychosocial job demands. Our findings warrant further exploration.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3785

Referens

Liu, X., Madsen, K. P., Sejbaek, C. S. (2019). Risk of childhood asthma following prenatal exposure to negative life events and job stressors: A nationwide register-based study in Denmark. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 45(2), 174–182.

The Impact of Parental Role Distributions, Work Participation, and Stress Factors on Family Health-Related Outcomes: Study Protocol of the Prospective Multi-Method Cohort "Dresden Study on Parenting, Work, and Mental Health" (DREAM)

Kress, V., Steudte-Schmiedgen, S., Kopp, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

The Dresden Study on Parenting, Work, and Mental Health (“DResdner Studie zu Elternschaft, Arbeit, und Mentaler Gesundheit”, DREAM) aims to prospectively investigate the relationship between parental work participation, role distribution, stress factors, and their effects on perinatal outcomes and long-term family mental and somatic health in a community sample targeting N = 4,000 individuals, i.e., 2,000 couples, expecting a child and residing in Dresden, Germany (interim sample of N = 1,410 participants, recruitment ongoing). Various questionnaires are completed at four measurement points from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum (prolongation into middle childhood planned). Applying a multi-method approach, long-term endocrinological data (analyses of hair cortisol concentrations and other endogenous hormones, “DREAMHAIR”) and qualitative interview data (regarding gender role attitudes and distribution of domestic work, child care, and paid employment; “DREAMTALK”) are obtained. In this study protocol, the theoretical background, methods, and preliminary results considering sociodemographic characteristics during pregnancy and birth-related factors at 8 weeks postpartum are presented. Additionally, there is a focus on our endocrinological sub-study DREAMHAIR. In this sub-study currently comprising N = 152 participants, i.e., 88 families (recruitment ongoing), we want to gain knowledge on the transgenerational processes of stress regulation and psychopathology in the whole family by analyzing hair cortisol concentrations in both parents and children during the course from pregnancy (or after birth regarding children) to at least 2 years postpartum. By comparing data of the community sample to a clinical sample of mothers with postpartum mental disorders, their children, and their partners during the period between admission and discharge from a mother-baby unit and post-treatment (“DREAMMBU”), the course of mothers' psychopathology, parent-infant interaction, and infant regulation disorders with special regard to long-term endocrine correlates will be examined. With previous studies neglecting the fathers or partners involved, a major advantage of DREAM is the use of a multi-method and multi-level approach by examining the whole family in a longitudinal design. Therefore, the DREAM study will contribute to a better understanding of the role of social, work, and stress factors for mental and somatic health and its long-term endocrine correlates in the natural course of becoming a family.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01273

Referens

Kress, V., Steudte-Schmiedgen, S., Kopp, M. et al. (2019). The Impact of Parental Role Distributions, Work Participation, and Stress Factors on Family Health-Related Outcomes: Study Protocol of the Prospective Multi-Method Cohort "Dresden Study on Parenting, Work, and Mental Health" (DREAM). Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1273.

Longitudinal associations between organizational change, work-unit social capital, and employee exit from the work unit among public healthcare workers: A mediation analysis.

Jensen, J. H., Flachs, E. M., Skakon, J., Rod, N. H., Bonde, J. P.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Organizational changes are associated with higher rates of subsequent employee exit from the workplace, but the mediating role of social capital is unknown. We examined the associations between organizational changes and subsequent employee exit from the work unit and mediation through social capital. Methods: Throughout 2013, 14 059 healthcare employees worked in the Capital Region of Denmark. Data on work-unit changes (yes/no) from July‒December 2013 were collected via a survey distributed to all managers (merger, split-up, relocation, change of management, employee layoff, budget cuts). Eight employee-reported items assessing social capital were aggregated into work-unit measures (quartiles: low-high). Data on employee exit from the work unit in 2014 were obtained from company registries. Results: We found a somewhat higher rate of employee exit from the work unit after changes versus no changes [hazard ratio (HR) 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.19] and an inverse dose‒response relationship between social capital and employee-exit rates (low versus high: HR 1.65, 95% CI 1.46–1.86). We also showed a higher risk of low social capital in work units exposed to changes [low versus high: odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.86–2.23]. Accounting for potential mediation through social capital seemed slightly to reduce the association between changes and employee-exit rates (HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.98–1.16 versus HR 1.10). Conclusions: Work-unit organizational changes prospectively predict lower work-unit social capital, and lower social capital is associated with higher employee-exit rates. Detection of weak indications of mediation through social capital, if any, were limited by inconsistent associations between changes and employee exit from the work unit.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3766

Referens

Jensen, J. H., Flachs, E. M., Skakon, J., Rod, N. H., Bonde, J. P. (2019). Longitudinal associations between organizational change, work-unit social capital, and employee exit from the work unit among public healthcare workers: A mediation analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 45(1), 53–62.

Sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain: Determinants of distinct trajectories over 1 year

Hallman, D. M., Holtermann, A., Björklund, M., Gupta, N., Nørregaard Rasmussen, C. D.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aimed to identify sub-groups of workers with different trajectories of sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain over 1 year, and to investigate the extent to which the identified trajectories are associated with personal, occupational, lifestyle, and pain-related factors at baseline. Methods: Data on 981 blue- and white-collar workers were analyzed in the DPHACTO cohort (2012–2014). The number of days on sick leave due to pain was reported using text messages at 4-week intervals across 1 year. Latent class growth analysis was used to distinguish sub-groups with different trajectories of sick leave. A web-based questionnaire at baseline was used to assess personal, occupational (physical and psychosocial), lifestyle, and pain-related factors. Multinomial regression models were constructed to determine associations between baseline factors and trajectories of sick leave (referencing no sick leave), with adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Four distinct sub-groups were identified, with trajectories of sick leave due to pain ranging from no sick leave (prevalence 76%; average 0.5 days/year) to some days and increasing sick leave due to pain over 1 year (2%; 89 days/year). The increasing trajectory of sick leave was associated with higher perceived physical exertion, more time in manual work, less social community and influence at work, less leisure-time physical activity, smoking, and more severe symptoms (e.g., multisite pain, low back pain intensity, and pain interference). Conclusions: We identified four distinct trajectories of sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain. The sub-group with increasing sick leave due to pain was associated with several modifiable physical and psychosocial factors at work and outside work, which may have implications for prevention.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-019-01447-y

Referens

Hallman, D. M., Holtermann, A., Björklund, M., Gupta, N., Nørregaard Rasmussen, C. D. (2019). Sick leave due to musculoskeletal pain: Determinants of distinct trajectories over 1 year. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.

"Workplace Physical Activity Program" (WOPAP) study protocol: A four-arm randomized controlled trial on preventing burnout and promoting vigor

Ginoux, C., Isoard-Gautheur, S., Sarrazin, P.

Sammanfattning

Background: WOPAP is a theoretically-grounded workplace physical activity intervention that aims to reduce work-related burnout and to improve vigor at work and other work-related outcomes. Using a randomized controlled trial, we investigate whether a 10-week program including two Nordic walking sessions per week is effective in improving employee well-being at work, in comparison with another attractive leisure activity (Theatre condition) or a waiting list control condition. The design of the study makes it possible to test the effect on burnout and vigor of the instructor’s style during physical activity (i.e., traditional vs. need-supportive style). Finally, this study is also interested in several possible psychological (i.e., detachment, relaxation, mastery, control, relatedness, and positive affects experiences) and physiological (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness) mechanisms through which the practice of physical activity in the intervention could influence burnout and vigor. Methods: Employees of the authors’ University (N = 140) will be recruited via email, leaflets, and posters. Participants will be randomized to one of the four arms of the trial: (1) Physical Activity Traditional Style, (2) Physical Activity Need-Supportive Style, (3) Theatre condition, and (4) Waiting List Control. The experimental phase will last 10 weeks, followed by a six-month follow-up. During the ten weeks of the intervention, all groups – except the waiting list control – will carry out two activity sessions per week. Primary outcomes are burnout and vigor, secondary outcomes are work motivation, job satisfaction, work performance and work ability. These variables will be assessed before and after the intervention, and at three and six months after the end of the intervention. Moreover, burnout, vigor, needs satisfaction at work and psychological mediators will be assessed weekly throughout the intervention period. Discussion: If effective, this study will provide evidence for the promotion of workplace physical activity interventions including a need-supportive climate to improve employee well-being. Results could be used to design new research protocols, but also to implement more efficient programs in the workplace.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-019-6598-3

Referens

Ginoux, C., Isoard-Gautheur, S., Sarrazin, P. (2019). "Workplace Physical Activity Program" (WOPAP) study protocol: A four-arm randomized controlled trial on preventing burnout and promoting vigor. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 289.

Depression in the workplace: Screening and treatment

Domingos Neto, J., Myung, E., Murta, G., Vieira, A., Lima, P. R., Lessa, L. A., Bernardo, W. M.

Sammanfattning

The Guidelines Project, an initiative of the Brazilian Medical Association, aims to combine information from the medical field in order to standardize producers to assist the reasoning and decision-making of doctors. The information provided through this project must be assessed and criticized by the physician responsible for the conduct that will be adopted, depending on the conditions and the clinical status of each patient. Screening depression in the occupational setting has the potential of diagnosing workers with depression symptoms in different levels of severity. Depression and its treatment have the potential of modifying occupational outcomes of functionality, productivity, absenteeism, presenteeism, return to work, work engagement, unemployment, among others. It was carried out from the systematic review of literature in the medline database, recovering 21,232 papers, 54 being selected to answer the clinical questions: is it necessary to screen workers for depression? And is treatment effective and safe? The details of the methodology and the results of this guideline are exposed in annex I. Key points: Screening depression in the occupational setting has the potential to diagnose, in impactful prevalence and with acceptable accuracy, workers with symptoms of depression at different levels of severity, knowledge about the disease and volition for adherence to treatment. Depression and its treatment have the potential to modify occupational outcomes of functionality, productivity, absenteeism, presenteeism, return to work, work engagement, unemployment, among others. Healthcare teams in the occupational setting have the potential to educate about depression and its treatment, promote adherence to treatment, coordinate and prescribe treatment for depression, just as it happens in studies published in the workplace or in primary care. Periodic testing is one of the tools for implementing depression screening. Mapping and interventions by electronic means can promote adherence to screening and treatment, and optimize the distribution of educational content. Interventions involving treatment with antidepressants, interventions based on cognitive behavioral therapy in person or by phone or via the web, multimodal interventions, among others, have potential of positive benefit for both depression symptoms and occupational outcomes, and are implementable in an occupational setting.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1590/1806-9282.65.3.295

Referens

Domingos Neto, J., Myung, E., Murta, G., Vieira, A., Lima, P. R., Lessa, L. A., Bernardo, W. M. (2019). Depression in the workplace: Screening and treatment. Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira, 65(3), 295–315.

An Examination of the Links Between Organizational Social Capital and Employee Well-Being: Focusing on the Mediating Role of Quality of Work Life

Chul Ko, M.

Sammanfattning

Although organizational social capital (OSC) is widely considered a potential resource for improving organizational performance, extensive research has paid limited attention to how employee well-being may be a positive outcome of OSC. Drawing on social exchange theory, need satisfaction, and spillover approaches, this study explores the effects of OSC on subjective well-being (SWB) through quality of work life (QWL) and job-related outcomes, such as organizational commitment and turnover intention. Using survey data obtained from public employees in South Korea, the results show that QWL mediates not only the association between OSC and organizational commitment but also the relationship between OSC and SWB. These findings highlight the importance of OSC as an intangible asset that can generate both organizational outcomes and employee well-being. In practice, these findings also imply that organizational resources and work environments should favorably respond to employees’ human needs to ensure improved employee well-being.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

DOI

10.1177/0734371X19865996

Referens

Chul Ko, M. (2019). An Examination of the Links Between Organizational Social Capital and Employee Well-Being: Focusing on the Mediating Role of Quality of Work Life. SAGE journals.

Objective and subjective stress, personality, and allostatic load

Christensen, D. S., Dich, N., Flensborg-Madsen, T., Garde, E., Hansen, Å. M., Mortensen, E. L.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Despite the understanding of allostatic load (AL) as a consequence of ongoing adaptation to stress, studies of the stress–AL association generally focus on a narrow conceptualization of stress and have thus far overlooked potential confounding by personality. The present study examined the cross‐sectional association of objective and subjective stress with AL, controlling for Big Five personality traits. Methods: Participants comprised 5,512 members of the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank aged 49–63 years (69% men). AL was measured as a summary index of 14 biomarkers of the inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic system. Objective stress was assessed as self‐reported major life events in adult life. Subjective stress was assessed as perceived stress within the past four weeks. Results: Both stress measures were positively associated with AL, with a slightly stronger association for objective stress. Adjusting for personality traits did not significantly change these associations. Conclusions: The results suggest measures of objective and subjective stress to have independent predictive validity in the context of personality. Further, it is discussed how different operationalizations of stress and AL may account for some of the differences in observed stress–AL associations.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/brb3.1386

Referens

Christensen, D. S., Dich, N., Flensborg-Madsen, T., Garde, E., Hansen, Å. M., Mortensen, E. L. (2019). Objective and subjective stress, personality, and allostatic load. Brain and Behavior, 9(9).

Is the effect of work-related psychosocial exposure on depressive and anxiety disorders short-term, lagged or cumulative?

Boini, S., Kolopp, M., Grzebyk, M., Hédelin, G., Chouanière, D.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To determine the short-term, lagged, and cumulative effects of psychosocial factors (PSF) on the incidence of depression and anxiety. Method: Major depressive disorders (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorders (GAD) were diagnosed in 2006 and 2010 using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview among 5684 workers from the French SIP cohort. The outcome considered here was diagnosis of MDD and/or GAD (MDD/GAD) in 2010. The frequency of 17 PSF, covering labour intensity and working time, emotional demand, autonomy, social relationships, conflict of values, and job insecurity, was self-reported in 2006 and 2010. For each PSF, four groups (A–D) were considered: exposed neither in 2006 nor in 2010 (A as the reference), exposed in 2010 but not in 2006 (B as a short-term association), exposed in 2006 but not in 2010 (C as a lagged association), exposed in both 2006 and 2010 (D as a cumulative association). Results: In men, short-term and cumulative—and to a lesser extent lagged—associations of four labour-intensity factors with MDD/GAD occurrence were observed (high volume of work, pressure at work, high complexity, and long working hours). In women, the short-term and cumulative associations of five PSF were observed, mostly emotional demand factors, lack of reward and work–family imbalance. Job insecurity had strong, short-term, cumulative and lagged associations in both men and women. Conclusion: According to PSF and gender, the results suggest that the relationships between PSF exposure and MDD/GAD were mostly short-term and cumulative rather than lagged.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-019-01466-9

Referens

Boini, S., Kolopp, M., Grzebyk, M., Hédelin, G., Chouanière, D. (2019). Is the effect of work-related psychosocial exposure on depressive and anxiety disorders short-term, lagged or cumulative?. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health.

Construct validity of a global scale for Workplace Social Capital based on COPSOQ III

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Pejtersen, J. H., Hadzibajramovic, E.

Sammanfattning

Background and aim: Workplace Social Capital has been suggested as a useful concept when addressing organizational and social factors of the work environment. The overall aim of the present study is to establish and evaluate the construct validity of a measure of Workplace Social Capital based on the operationalization suggested in the third version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial questionnaire. Methods: The present study is based on data collected as part of a validation and development project for the use of the Swedish version of COPSOQ at workplaces and includes responses from 1316 human service workers answering a workplace survey. Six items from scales for organizational justice, vertical trust and horizontal trust in COPSOQ III were included in the analyses. Rasch Analysis was used for scale validation. Results: The analyses showed that the psychometric properties of the suggested COPSOQ scale for Workplace Social Capital were satisfactory after accommodation for local dependency. Each individual item worked as intended, the scale was unidimensional and functioned invariantly for women and men, and for younger and older employees. The scale was furthermore found to be valid for use for distinguishing groups, not individuals. Conclusion: We have established that the scale for Workplace Social Capital measured by COPSOQ III is valid for distinguishing groups, e.g. work teams. The scale exhibits good construct validity as it satisfies the measurement criteria defined by the Rasch model.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Kontaktyrken

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0221893

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Pejtersen, J. H., Hadzibajramovic, E. (2019). Construct validity of a global scale for Workplace Social Capital based on COPSOQ III. PloS One, 14(8).

Occupational Stress in Helicopter Emergency Service Pilots From 4 European Countries

Bauer, H., Herbig, B.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Working conditions are known to affect motivation, well-being, and ultimately work performance. Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) pilots’ work is highly demanding and safety critical, but virtually no published data on occupational stress and strain symptoms in HEMS pilots are available. We investigated work stressors and resources and their association with work engagement, subjective well-being, and energy levels in European HEMS pilots. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data were collected consecutively from 72 European HEMS pilots (24 Western European and 48 Eastern European, mean age = 51.9 years). We examined the stressor, resource, and strain symptom levels by age group and region of origin and the association of stressors and resources with work engagement, well-being, and energy. Results: Although the responses differed notably between the Eastern and Western European pilots, their overall profile was quite favorable. At the same time, those stressor/resource variables, which on average had the most favorable ratings, were the most strongly associated with (reduced) well-being and energy. Conclusion: On the whole, the HEMS pilots’ perception of their work situation appears to be positive, and they are highly engaged in their work. The pilots’ strong identification with their work should be taken into account in pilot mental health support systems.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Helikopterpiloter inom räddningstjänst

DOI

10.1016/j.amj.2018.11.011

Referens

Bauer, H., Herbig, B. (2019). Occupational Stress in Helicopter Emergency Service Pilots From 4 European Countries. Air Medical Journal, 38(2), 82–94.

Study protocol for SeniorWorkingLife - push and stay mechanisms for labour market participation among older workers

Andersen, L. L., Sundstrup, E.

Sammanfattning

Background: Due to demographic changes across Europe there are strong political interests in maintaining the labour force by prolonging working life, i.e. increasing retirement age. This may pose both challenges and opportunities for societies, workplaces, and individuals. The SeniorWorkingLife (Danish: SeniorArbejdsLiv) project investigates push and stay mechanisms for labour market participation – now and in the future - among older workers (≥50 years). Methods: In July 2018, 30,000 Danes age 50 or older (18,000 employed, 7000 unemployed, 3000 voluntary early retirements, 2000 disability pensions) were invited to participate, of which 15,721 (52.4%) replied to the entire questionnaire and 17,885 (59.6%) replied at least in part. Baseline data collection was terminated in October 2018. The questionnaire covers 14 domains in relation to push and stay mechanisms for labour market participation: 1) basic information (demographics, employment status etc.), 2) multiple-choice question covering a wide range of push and stay mechanisms, 3) role of the workplace, 4) age-discrimination, 5) personal economy, 6) possibility for voluntary early retirement among employed and unemployed, 7) gradual retirement, 8) competencies and continued education, 9) return-to-work, 10) new technologies at the workplace, 11) job satisfaction and well-being, 12) working environment, 13) lifestyle, 14) health and functional capacity. The project aspires to repeat the survey as a prospective cohort every 2–3 years and to perform longitudinal follow-up in Danish high-quality registers about work and health. Discussion: The SeniorWorkingLife project will provide important knowledge about push and stay mechanisms for labour market participation among older workers. Push refers to mechanisms that increase the risk of premature exit from the labour marker, e.g. due to poor health, poor working environment, age discrimination, and stay to mechanisms prolonging working life e.g. due to attractive working conditions and a good working environment. The project will also to some degree investigate stuck, pull and jump mechanisms. Collaboration and use of the data for scientific purposes by other researchers are encouraged. Interested researchers should contact the corresponding author. Trial Registration: Registered as cohort study in ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03634410 (August 16, 2018).

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-019-6461-6

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Sundstrup, E. (2019). Study protocol for SeniorWorkingLife - push and stay mechanisms for labour market participation among older workers. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 133.

iWorkHealth: An instrument to identify workplace psychosocial risk factors for a multi-ethnic Asian working population.

Abdin, E., Subramaniam, M., Chan, A., Chen, J.-A., Chong, C.L., Wang, C. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The current study aimed to develop iWorkHealth, a valid and reliable self-administered instrument which identifies workplace psychosocial risk factors in Singapore. Methods: The survey was conducted among 2718 employees who were primarily salaried workers and working in five companies from the healthcare, banking and finance, and legal sectors in Singapore. Factor extraction and item reduction were conducted using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Mokken scale analysis (MSA). Construct validity, internal consistency and convergent validity of the final scale were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation coefficients, respectively. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes model was used to detect Differential Item Functioning (DIF). Results: EFA and MSA identified a five-factor solution (job demand, job control, employee and management engagement, supervisor support and colleague support) for the 27 items iWorkHealth instrument. CFA demonstrated that the five-factor model fitted the data with high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.79 to 0.92). The convergent validity was shown through significant association with existing scales—high job demand was significantly associated with high burnout and depression, while high job control, employee and management engagement, supervisor support and coworker support were significantly associated with low burnout and depression. Ten items were detected with significant DIF, but impact was minimal on the associations between socio-demographics factors and iWorkHealth subscales. Conclusions: The findings provided evidence that the iWorkHealth instrument which comprises 27 items in five domains of psychosocial risk at the workplace is a reliable and valid instrument that could be used to measure and compare the level of psychosocial risk factors across companies and industries in Singapore.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Singapore

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0220566

Referens

Abdin, E., Subramaniam, M., Chan, A., Chen, J.-A., Chong, C.L., Wang, C. et al. (2019). iWorkHealth: An instrument to identify workplace psychosocial risk factors for a multi-ethnic Asian working population. PloS One, 14(8).

The DPhacto cohort: An overview of technically measured physical activity at work and leisure in blue-collar sectors for practitioners and researchers

Birk, M., Gupta, N., Korshøj, M., Lagersted-Olsen, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

For improved prevention of health issues among blue-collar workers, there is a need for an overview of the physical activity at work and leisure using technical long-term measurements in blue-collar sectors investigation of differences between the sectors. Thus, the objective of this paper was to provide an overview and investigate differences in physical activities and body postures at work and leisure among blue-collar sectors. The Dphacto cohort consists of 1087 workers from manufacturing, transportation and cleaning sectors (901 blue-collar and 186 white-collar workers) in Denmark. Eligible workers provided physical activity and heart rate measurements over several days with follow-up on health-related outcomes by self-report and registers. Considerable differences in sitting, standing, time on feet (walking, shuffling and standing combined) and forward bending of the back were found between work and leisure, and between the sectors. This overview of physical activity at work and leisure can be useful for better prevention of work-related health issues among blue-collar workers.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Arbetare

Referens

Birk, M., Gupta, N., Korshøj, M., Lagersted-Olsen, J. et al. (2019). The DPhacto cohort: An overview of technically measured physical activity at work and leisure in blue-collar sectors for practitioners and researchers. Applied Ergonomics, 77, 29-39.

Factors that influence the work motivational profile of millennials

Sainz Álvarez, E.

Sammanfattning

The present research examined the possible relationships between personality traits and the motivational work profile; taking into account the incidence of psychosocial risks in the relationship between both variables. It is an ex post facto, cross-sectional design of a descriptive and correlational type, observational of an analytical and non-experimental type. This study was composed of a sample of 50 workers, belonging to the millennial generation, aged between 22 and 37 years; and was made up of 29 women and 21 men. It has been recorded that there is a significant and positive correlation between the personality traits of Openness and Responsibility, with the motivational features of Achievement, Exploration and Contribution. Likewise, a significant and negative relationship was also found between the personality traits of Openness and Responsibility, and the motivational features of Hedonism, Safety and Conservation. On the other hand, it was found that in this relationship, the mediating factors of psychosocial risks such as Insecurity, Leadership, Development and Estimation are related to the personality traits of Hedonism, Education and Responsibility, the Hedonism, Exploration, Security and Contribution.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Sainz Álvarez, E. (2018). Factors that influence the work motivational profile of millennials. Psychology Research Journal, Vol 1 n. 1.

Affective organizational commitment among nursing home employees: A longitudinal study on the influence of a health‐promoting work environment

Grødal, K., Innstrand, S.T., Haugan, G., André, B.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To investigate whether affective organizational commitment (AOC) among nursing home employees is enhanced by a health‐promoting work environment, conceptualized as high levels of job resources, work‐related sense of coherence (work‐SOC) and low levels of job demands. Design: This study used a longitudinal design. Survey data were collected with a 1‐year interval between 2015/2016–2016/2017 among nursing home employees in Norway. Methods: Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the longitudinal data (N = 166) and cross‐sectional data from the first time point (N = 558). Results: The results supported that work‐SOC was strongly and positively related to AOC. Job resources and job demands were positively and negatively related, respectively, to work‐SOC but were not related to future AOC. The indirect effects of autonomy and supervisor support on AOC, via work‐SOC, were significant. The indirect effects regarding social community at work, emotional demands and role conflict were unclear.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Grødal, K., Innstrand, S.T., Haugan, G., André, B. (2019). Affective organizational commitment among nursing home employees: A longitudinal study on the influence of a health‐promoting work environment. Nursing Open, 00: 1– 10.

The predictive value of individual and work-related resources for the health and work satisfaction of German school principals

Dadaczynski, K., Paulus, P., Horstmann, D.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study aimed to investigate individual and work-related resources (decision latitude, selfefficacy and work-related sense of coherence) and their relationship to health and work outcomes (general health, cognitive and emotional irritation, and work satisfaction) among German school principals. Method: In 2016, all teachers and principals in Lower Saxony, Germany, were invited to participate in an online-based cross-sectional study. Data from a sub-set of 1,026 school principals and members of the school leadership team (i.e. vice principals) were analysed using univariate and bivariate analysis and stepwise linear regression. Results: Findings revealed fairly high levels of self-efficacy and decision latitude and low levels of sense of coherence for administrative tasks. With regards to health, more than one quarter of respondents reported a poor general health status, and more than one third reported being dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their work. Primary school principals were more often affected by low levels of resources as well as lower health status and work satisfaction. Based on a series of regression analyses, decision latitude and selfefficacy proved to be the strongest predictors of all health and work outcomes. Conclusion: Given that school leaders are of critical importance for their entire school, this professional group should be placed more firmly in the focus of school health education and promotion. There is a particular need for health promotion measures for primary school principals, who have the least resources and the lowest health status.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Rektorer

DOI

10.1177/0017896919867118

Referens

Dadaczynski, K., Paulus, P., Horstmann, D. (2019). The predictive value of individual and work-related resources for the health and work satisfaction of German school principals. Health Education Journal, 33(2).

Desired improvements of working conditions among medical assistants in Germany: a cross-sectional study

Scharf, J., Vu-Eickmann, P., Li, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: In outpatient care in Germany, medical assistants (MAs) are the contact persons for patients’ concerns and their working conditions are relevant to their own health and the provided quality of care. MAs working conditions have been described as precarious leading to high levels of work stress. Consequently, we aimed to examine MAs’ needs for work-related improvements. Methods: We surveyed 887 employed MAs between September 2016 and April 2017. A 20-item questionnaire measured desired improvements. To measure correlations between variables we computed a matrix of tetrachoric correlations for binary variables and performed an exploratory factor analysis. We ran ordinal logistic regression models employing 11 independent variables to examine determinants of needs. Results: A total of 97.3% of the participants expressed any need and, on average, 10.27 needs were reported. Most frequently, needs were expressed related to a higher salary (87.0%), less documentation (76.0%) and more recognition from society (75.4%). Exploratory factor analysis suggested three dimensions of needs for work-related improvements (i.e. working conditions, reward from the supervisor and task-related independence). Ordinal logistic regression models only identified determinants for the outcome variable task-related independence, which was more frequent in those with longer work experience or in a leadership position. Conclusions: The high prevalence of desired workplace-related improvements among MAs highlights the relevance of modifying their working conditions. The fact that we found only few determinants signals that there are no specific high-risk subgroups, but interventions to improve MAs’ working conditions should target the entire MA population.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Medicinsk personal

Referens

Scharf, J., Vu-Eickmann, P., Li, J. et al. (2019). Desired improvements of working conditions among medical assistants in Germany: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 0.59583333333333.

Sometimes It Drains, Sometimes It Sustains: The Dual Role of the Relationship with Students for University Professors

Martini, M., Guidetti, G., Viotti, S., Loera, B., Converso, D.

Sammanfattning

University organizational contexts have been changing significantly in recent years, and academic staff are expected tomanage larger workloads at an increased pace.This can threaten their well-being and exacerbate work-related stress—possibly creating negative impacts on their mental and physical states. Surprisingly, academic occupational psychological health is still rarely studied. By referring to the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) conceptual model, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between university teachers’well-being and job demands and resources,with a particular focus on the role of the relationshipwith students. Specifically, 550 associate and full professors were studied to determine the impact of job characteristics, quality of relationships in the work environment, and negative and positive relationswith students regarding emotional exhaustion andwork engagement.Hierarchical multiple regression models allowed us to highlight the fact that emotional exhaustion was positively and significantly associated with workload, conflicts with colleagues, and requests from students, and it was negatively associated with work meaning. Work engagement was positively and significantly associated with work meaning and social support from students. Our study points out that the flexible and renowned JD-Rmodel can successfully be used to analyze the occupational psychological health of academics. Further, our study underscores the fact that, among job demands and resources, the often-neglected relations with external users (the students) can play an important role in university teachers’ perceptions of exhaustion and engagement.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Professorer

Referens

Martini, M., Guidetti, G., Viotti, S., Loera, B., Converso, D. (2019). Sometimes It Drains, Sometimes It Sustains: The Dual Role of the Relationship with Students for University Professors. BioMed Research International.

A structural framework for sustainable processes in ergonomics

Sarbat, I., Ozmehmet Tasan, S.

Sammanfattning

Considering today’s globalised world, new concepts that assist ergonomics are needed to provide human well-being. Accordingly, the sustainability concept is used in this study to satisfy the needs of stakeholders, put environmentally-friendly and cost-effective interventions into practice and provide ergonomically well-designed and easily managed processes that are more flexible, adaptable and human-sensitive. To achieve this, a practical and easily adaptable framework, which integrates ergonomics and sustainability by presenting the relations between fundamental elements of ergonomics and sustainability dimensions (SDs), is proposed. Within this base framework, ergonomic indicators (EIs) and sub-dimensions proposed for the classification of EIs are structured for ergonomics under a sustainability point-of-view. The sub-dimensions proposed in this study, which have direct or indirect relations to humans, are ‘Loss’, ‘Investment’, ‘Conditions’, ‘Contribution’, ‘Self-Development’, and ‘Satisfaction’. This structural framework, which can be easily used by ergonomists or managers, ensures a good starting point for providing sustainable processes in ergonomics. Practitioner summary: This study proposes a structural framework to present the relations between ergonomics and sustainability. In the context of ergonomics, fundamental elements of ergonomics are chosen, while three dimensions of sustainability and proposed sub-dimensions are used in the context of sustainability. The adapted ergonomic indicators are also classified within these sub-dimensions.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

Referens

Sarbat, I., Ozmehmet Tasan, S. (2019). A structural framework for sustainable processes in ergonomics. Ergonomics.

Job demands and work–family conflict in preschool teachers: The buffering effects of job resources and off-job recovery experiences

Gu, Y., Wang, R.

Sammanfattning

Drawing on the job demands-resources model and effort-recovery model, this two-wave study among preschool teachers explored whether job demands (i.e., workload and surface acting) increase work–family conflict over time. The authors further predicted that job resources (i.e., supervisor support and the perceived meaning of work) as well as recovery experiences during after-work hours (i.e., psychological detachment and relaxation) act as buffers and mitigate the detrimental effects of job demands on work–family conflict. This study was conducted among 337 preschool teachers in Chinese societies over the period of 1 year. In line with these hypotheses, results indicated that job demands (i.e., workload and surface acting) significantly increase work–family conflict over time and, more importantly, job resources and recovery experiences during after-work hours protect against increased work–family conflict over time despite high job demands. These findings contribute to work–family research and show how the detrimental impacts of job demands on the family domain can be prevented through enhancing job resources and fostering well-functioning recovery experiences during after-work hours.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Förskolelärare

Referens

Gu, Y., Wang, R. (2019). Job demands and work–family conflict in preschool teachers: The buffering effects of job resources and off-job recovery experiences. Current Psychology, pp 1-12.

Working in preschool increases the risk of hearing-related symptoms: a cohort study among Swedish women

Fredriksson, S., Kim, J.L., Torén, K. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To assess whether working in preschools increases the risk of hearing-related symptoms and whether age, occupational noise, and stressful working conditions affect the risk. Methods: Questionnaire data on hearing-related symptoms were analysed in women aged 24–65 (4718 preschool teachers, and 4122 randomly selected general population controls). Prevalence and risk ratio (RR) of self-reported hearing loss, tinnitus, difficulty perceiving speech, hyperacusis and sound-induced auditory fatigue were assessed by comparing the cohorts in relation to age and self-reported occupational noise and stressful working conditions (effort–reward imbalance and emotional demands). RR was calculated using log-binomial regression models adjusted for age, education, income, smoking, hearing protection, and leisure noise. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated for retrospectively reported onset of all symptoms except sound-induced auditory fatigue. Results: Compared to the controls, preschool teachers had overall more than twofold RR of sound-induced auditory fatigue (RR 2.4, 95% confidence interval 2.2–2.5) and hyperacusis (RR 2.3, 2.1–2.5) and almost twofold for difficulty perceiving speech (RR 1.9, 1.7–2.0). Preschool teachers had a threefold IRR of hyperacusis (IRR 3.1, 2.8–3.4) and twofold for difficulty perceiving speech (IRR 2.4, 2.2–2.6). Significantly although slightly less increased RR and IRR were observed for hearing loss and tinnitus. RR and IRR were generally still increased for preschool teachers when stratified by age and occupational exposure to noise and stress. Conclusions: This large cohort study showed that working as preschool teacher increases the risk of self-reported hearing-related symptoms, indicating a need of preventative measures.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Förskolelärare

Referens

Fredriksson, S., Kim, J.L., Torén, K. et al. (2019). Working in preschool increases the risk of hearing-related symptoms: a cohort study among Swedish women. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, pp 1-12.

Work-related Sense of Coherence and Longitudinal Relationships with Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction

Grødal, K., Innstrand, S.T., Haugan, G., André, B.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the relationships between work-related sense of coherence (work-SOC) and the two well-being concepts of job satisfaction and work engagement. The study was conducted among nursing home employees, who answered a survey in two waves with a one-year interval. The results of structural equation modelling analyses showed that work-SOC was related to future work engagement but not job satisfaction, indicating that work-SOC contributes to active rather than passive states of well-being. Hypotheses of neither reversed nor reciprocal relationships were supported. The longitudinal relationship with work engagement suggests that work-SOC is an important factor to consider in workplace health promotion and management of employee health, and further research is therefore recommended to learn more about the nature and development of work-SOC.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Norge

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Grødal, K., Innstrand, S.T., Haugan, G., André, B. (2019). Work-related Sense of Coherence and Longitudinal Relationships with Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 4(1).

Work ability and burnout: What comes first? A two-wave, cross-lagged study among early childhood educators

Viotti, S., Guidetti, G., Sottimano, I., Martini, M., Converso, D.

Sammanfattning

Although previous evidence suggests an association between work ability and burnout, no study has been specifically dedicated at establishing which is the directionality of the relationship between these two important constructs either in educational or in other occupational contexts. Studies shedding light on the directionality of this relationship are essential, as their results may address organizational management and occupational health practitioners in choosing the most proper interventions capable of early interrupting a possible loss spiral initiated by decreased work ability or increased burnout. In view of that, the aim of the present study was to examine the cross-lagged association between work ability and burnout (i.e., exhaustion, enthusiasm toward the job, and cynicism) at a distance of one year. In total, 349 early childhood educators completed a self-report questionnaire at two-time points. Data analyses were performed employing cross-lagged structural equation model (SEM). The findings indicated that work ability positively predicts enthusiasm toward the job and negatively predicts exhaustion. Conversely, work ability did not significantly affect cynicism. Moreover, none of the three-burnout sub-dimensions were found to significantly affect work ability measured at one years of distance. The main contribution of the present study was to have clarified the directionality of the association between work ability and burnout and to have identified the burnout sub-dimensions specifically affected by work ability. From a practical point of view, the present study highlighted the importance of investing in promoting work ability in order to prevent job burnout.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Undervisare

Referens

Viotti, S., Guidetti, G., Sottimano, I., Martini, M., Converso, D. (2019). Work ability and burnout: What comes first? A two-wave, cross-lagged study among early childhood educators. Safety Science, Volume 118, Pages 898-906.

Assessment and Management of Psychosocial Risks at Workplace

Gorblyansky, Y. Y., Kontorovich, E. P., Ponamareva, O. P. et al.

Sammanfattning

The result of the study, which was aimed at defining the psychosocial work factors and establishing their relationship with the health status of employees of electric locomotive building enterprise, shows the significance of these factors. Assessment of psychosocial factors is the basis of the management of psychosocial risks in the workplace.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ryssland

Yrken

Arbetare

Referens

Gorblyansky, Y. Y., Kontorovich, E. P., Ponamareva, O. P. et al. (2019). Assessment and Management of Psychosocial Risks at Workplace. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Vol 321.

Impact of social and occupational factors over job control

Moreno-Pimentel, A.G., Meneses Monroy, A., Martín-Casas, P., Zaragoza-García, I., Girón-Daviña, P.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychosocial risk factors, among which job control has proved to be a key dimension, can have a negative impact on the health of workers. Various research projects have found a relationship between low levels of free time at work and stress and job satisfaction indicators. Objectives: to assess to what extent certain social and employment variables influence “job control”. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out on a sample of workers to analyse the influence of certain socio-demographic and work-related variables on job control, by means of an assessment survey on psychosocial risk and the general state of workers’ health. The tools used in this study were the COPSOQ-ISTAS 21 version 1.5 psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire and a specific survey on the perceived state of health. Results: Three hundred fourteen workers were asked to participate in the study. One hundred and ninety workers completed the questionnaire and were finally included. For the “job control” variable, 47.4% of workers described their situation as good. The results show that workers with a higher educational level (+78%), who have seniority in the job, have a good understanding of their situation at work (+15%), and are employed as white collars (34%), are more likely to show high job control and, therefore, could be less at risk from psychosocial factors. Conclusions: There are two parameters influencing “job control”: social factors concerning educational level, and work situation factors, including seniority and being a white collar worker.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Moreno-Pimentel, A.G., Meneses Monroy, A., Martín-Casas, P., Zaragoza-García, I., Girón-Daviña, P. (2019). Impact of social and occupational factors over job control. La Medicina Del Lavoro, 110(3), 226-233.

Study the relation between factors effecting on creating conflict of interests and quality of care: The case of Ayat-Allah-Taleghani hospital, Arak, Iran

Ghasemi, M., Samadi, A., Anbari, Z., Amini, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Conflict of interests (COI) refers to conditions that professional judgment about patient, which is a professional and main interest, is influenced by subsidiary and personal interests. The aim of current study is to assess the relation between factors effecting on creating COIand quality of care in Ayat-Allah-Taleghani hospital. Methods: The opinions of 119 hospital employees were assessed about performance improvement, quality of care and 5 components of COI using valid and reliable questionnaires. The data were analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SPSS23 and LISREL8.80. Results: COI components including different and inconsistent goals (t=-2.39), tasks interference (t=-249), inconsistency in the assessment process and system of rewards and penalties (t=-2.64), mutual tasks and their interdependence (t=-2.49) and the effect of difference in dignity and financial level (t=-2.03) had significant negative impact on patients’ care (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between gender, marital status and age group of employees with the study variables (p>0.05). Conclusions: Hospital managers should plan about decreasing vulnerable point’s regardingCOI. The important measures in this regards include strengthening the sense of responsibility, revise work processes, definition the role and authorities of beneficiaries, formulation, implementation and monitoring ethical guidelines and coordination between personal and organizational goals.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

Referens

Ghasemi, M., Samadi, A., Anbari, Z., Amini, S. (2019). Study the relation between factors effecting on creating conflict of interests and quality of care: The case of Ayat-Allah-Taleghani hospital, Arak, Iran. Medical Science, 23(98), 577-585.

Assessment of Psychosocial Risk Factors and their Impact on Health-Care Workers’ Mental Health: An Empirical Study in Estonian Nursing

Sepp, J., Järvis, M., Reinhold, K.

Sammanfattning

According to the World Health Organization, the psychosocial work environment is one of the most important factors in preserving the wellbeing of healthcare workers and ensuring the quality of healthcare services. The psychosocial environment in healthcare is complicated and related to stressful work, high demands and working in shifts. The purpose of the study is to explore the relationships between work-related psychosocial risk factors and the mental health of care workers. The study used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, version II and the statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 24. Our results show that the work environment influences the mental health of care workers. Psychosocial hazards, such as low quality of management, lack of staff, role conflicts, low dedication among workers, physically and mentally challenging work and stress at work, are prevalent in the healthcare sector. The management of the organization including the management of safety issues should be proactive and oriented towards preserving the health of the employees and offering patient-centred services.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Estland

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Sepp, J., Järvis, M., Reinhold, K. (2019). Assessment of Psychosocial Risk Factors and their Impact on Health-Care Workers’ Mental Health: An Empirical Study in Estonian Nursing. Research in Economics and Business: Central and Eastern Europé, Vol 11 (1).

The relationship between psychosocial risk factors, burnout and quality of life among primary healthcare workers in rural Guangdong province: a cross-sectional study

Asante, J.O., Li, M.J., Liao, J., Huang, Y.X., Hao, Y.T

Sammanfattning

Background: Healthcare workers are often exposed to stressful working conditions at work which affect their quality of life. The study investigated the relationship between psychosocial risk factors, stress, burnout, and quality of life among primary healthcare workers in general medical practice in Qingyuan and Chaozhou cities in Guangdong province. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 108 primary health facilities including 36 community health centers (CHCs) across two developing cities in Guangdong province. A total of 873 healthcare workers completed the questionnaires. Quality of life was evaluated using The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and psychological risk factors were evaluated by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). General quality of life and the quality of life domains were transformed into a score range from minimum 0 to 100 maximum. Higher scores indicated better quality of life and vice versa. Significant associations were verified using multiple regression analysis. Results: Poor quality of life was observed in 74.6% of healthcare workers surveyed. General poor quality of life was significantly higher among workers who reported higher burnout (Beta = − 0.331, p < 0.001). In addition, workers with high levels of burnout, unmarried workers and female workers had a higher possibility of physical health. A greater risk of poor psychological health was observed among workers with high burnout, poor sense of community and those with lower educational levels. Workers who lacked social support, those with fewer possibilities for development had increased probability of poor quality of life in the social domain. Poor quality of life in the environmental domain was observed among workers who were dissatisfied with their jobs and workers with low salaries. Conclusions: Primary healthcare workers in developing cities in China have a highly demanding and strained working environment and poor quality of life. Reducing job stress and improving work conditions may ultimately improve the well-being of primary healthcare workers.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Asante, J.O., Li, M.J., Liao, J., Huang, Y.X., Hao, Y.T (2019). The relationship between psychosocial risk factors, burnout and quality of life among primary healthcare workers in rural Guangdong province: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, Vol 19.

Psychosocial Work Factors, Job Stress and Strain at the Wheel: Validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) in Professional Drivers

Useche A. S., Luis, M., Francisco, A., Pastor, C. J.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Psychosocial work environment has been related to many negative health outcomes in different workforces. However, evidence in this regard is still limited in the case of transport workers, and most of the tools used in research, often excessively generic, do not fully consider the specific key stressors, and adverse issues present in the psychosocial environment of professional driving. Objective: Thus, the purpose of this study was to obtain a complete description of the validation of measurement applied to psychosocial factors at work in professional drivers, using the Enterprise version (2018) of COPSOQ-III. Methods: The data was collected from 726 Spanish professional drivers, and the analyses were conducted using the competitive Confirmatory Factor Analysis or CFA, obtaining basic psychometric properties and an optimized structure for the instrument applied to active transport workers. Results: The results suggest a clear factorial structure, high factorial weights, internal consistency, and an improved adjustment to the psychosocial conditions of this group, excluding a set of items with low psychometrical adjustment and keeping the five-factor structure of the questionnaire: demands, influence and development, interpersonal relationships and leadership, job insecurity, and strain-effects and outcomes. Conclusion: Overall, what was found in this study supports the hypothesis that the validated version of COPSOQ in professional drivers, together with complementary information sources specific for their work environment, may have a relevant research value and some important practical implications for the improvement of the occupational safety, and health within the typically vulnerable industry of transportation.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Chaufförer

DOI

10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01531

Referens

Useche A. S., Luis, M., Francisco, A., Pastor, C. J. (2019). Psychosocial Work Factors, Job Stress and Strain at the Wheel: Validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) in Professional Drivers. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 10.

Prevention of Professional Burnout of Teachers

Gorblyansky, Y., Ponamareva, O., Kontorovich, E., et al.

Sammanfattning

A comprehensive study of the risk factors of occupational burnout of teachers of primary general education, secondary general education and further education was conducted. Reliable associations between working conditions (including psychosocial work factors), health, and occupational burnout among teachers were established. The development of prevention strategies for occupational burnout of teachers is based on an integrated approach to the assessment of working conditions and the health of teachers, taking into account the organizational practice of the administration of educational institutions.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ryssland

Yrken

Lärare

Referens

Gorblyansky, Y., Ponamareva, O., Kontorovich, E., et al. (2019). Prevention of Professional Burnout of Teachers. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Vol 321.

Occupational ergonomics research and applied contextual design implementation for an industrial shop-floor workstation

Sanjog, J., Patel, T., Karmakar, S.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this original research article is to identify the occurrence of work-related ergonomics risk factors, in order to implement context specific human centered design interventions in the injection molding shop-floor workstations of plastic furniture manufacturing factories within the framework of industrially developing countries. Questionnaire study, postural assessment tools, computer aided design, digital human modeling and simulation, and basic work study techniques were used. Plastic processing industry is highly fragmented, consisting of small, medium scale enterprises with tremendous growth potential. Occupational design ergonomics research in the injection molding plastic furniture manufacturing shop-floor workstations is very scarce in industrially developing countries. Shop-floor workers are affected by prevalent awkward working postures and consequent body part discomforts. Useful and easily implementable accessories/fixtures with convenient design features were conceptualized. Virtual ergonomics evaluation of the workstation with proposed accessories/fixtures showed significant reduction of awkward working postures. Physical prototypes of the proposed fixtures were constructed and real human trials were performed in the factories. Time study indicated reduction in operator cycle time when compared with time taken before design modifications. Research methodology, results and design solutions described from an ergonomics perspective would definitely serve as a helpful guide for existing as well as upcoming factories in the injection molded plastic furniture manufacturing industry of industrially developing countries and further similar research endeavors.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Yrken

Butiksarbetare

Referens

Sanjog, J., Patel, T., Karmakar, S. (2019). Occupational ergonomics research and applied contextual design implementation for an industrial shop-floor workstation. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Volume 72, Pages 188-198.

Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden

Arvidsson, I., Leo, U., Larsson, A., Håkansson, C., Persson, R., Björk, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Teachers are at high risk of stress-related disorders. This longitudinal study aimed to (a) identify which occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors and self-efficacy at baseline that were of importance for burnout, (b) explore associations between changes in the studied factors versus changes in burnout, and (c) by interviews increase the understanding of perceived job demands among teachers. Methods: A cohort of 310 Swedish teachers in school-years 4–9 responded to a questionnaire of occupational, sociodemographic and life-style factors, self-efficacy and burnout, at baseline and at follow-up (mean 30 months later). A combined measure with four levels of burnout was crafted, based on exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy (Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey). Quantitative data were analysed with multiple ordinal regression, and qualitative data were analysed with content analysis of interview responses from a subgroup of the teachers (n = 81). Results: The occurrence of high burnout (level 2 and 3 combined) were similar at baseline and follow-up (14% vs. 15%). However, many teachers fluctuated between the levels of burnout (28% increased and 24% decreased). Burnout at baseline was of importance for change of work or being off duty at follow up. In the multi-exposure model, low self-efficacy [OR 0.42; CI 0.26–0.68] and high job demands [OR 1.97; CI 1.02–3.8] were the strongest explanatory variables. Low self-efficacy remained as the strongest explanatory factor after adjustment for burnout at baseline. Increased job demands during follow-up was associated with an increased level of burnout [OR 3.41; CI 1.73–6.69], whereas increased decision latitude was associated with a decreased level of burnout [OR 0.51; CI 0.30–0.87]. Two major categories of demands emerged in the qualitative analysis; i.e. too high workload and a sense of inadequacy. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of teachers showed signs of burnout at both occasions. Low self-efficacy and high job demands was of importance for burnout, and changes in burnout was further associated with changes in decision latitude. The results points to the need of actions on individual, organizational and a societal levels.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Lärare

Referens

Arvidsson, I., Leo, U., Larsson, A., Håkansson, C., Persson, R., Björk, J. (2019). Burnout among school teachers: quantitative and qualitative results from a follow-up study in southern Sweden. BMC Public Health, Vol 19.

Ankle Sprains’ Risk Factors in a Sample of French Firefighters: A Preliminary Prospective Study

Vaulerin, J., Chorin, F., Emile, M., d’Arripe-Longueville, F., Colson, S. S.

Sammanfattning

Context: Firefighters participating in mandatory physical exercise sessions are exposed to a high risk of ankle sprain injury. Although both physiological and psychological risk factors have been identified, few prospective studies considered the complex interaction of these factors in firefighters. Objective: To prospectively determine whether intrinsic physical risk factors and work-related environments predict ankle sprains occurring during on-duty physical exercise in firefighters during an 8-month follow-up period. Design: Prospective. Setting: Fire Department and Rescue Service. Participants: Thirty-nine firefighters were selected based on convenience sampling. Intervention: Participants performed physical tests and completed questionnaires. Main Outcome Measures: Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test, Weight-Bearing Lunge Test, anthropometric measures, postural stability, chronic ankle instability (Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool) scores, previous injuries, and perceived psychosocial work environment (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire [COPSOQ]). Results: During the follow-up, 9 firefighters sustained an injury. Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test and Weight-Bearing Lunge Test performances, Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool scores, history of previous ankle sprain, and specific dimensions of the COPSOQ significantly differed between injured and uninjured firefighters. Lower-limbs asymmetries of the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (ie, anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions) and the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test were predictors of ankle sprains. Conclusions: These findings originally provide evidence that intrinsic factors mainly contribute to ankle sprains, although psychosocial work environment assessment could also characterize firefighters at risk.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Brandmän

Referens

Vaulerin, J., Chorin, F., Emile, M., d’Arripe-Longueville, F., Colson, S. S. (2019). Ankle Sprains’ Risk Factors in a Sample of French Firefighters: A Preliminary Prospective Study. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 1-8.

Exploring links between witnessed and instigated workplace incivility

Holm, K., Torkelson, E., Bäckström, M.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore how witnessing workplace incivility from coworkers and supervisors relates to instigating incivility toward others. A further aim was to investigate if witnessed incivility is indirectly related to instigated incivility via perceived stress and low job satisfaction. An additional aim was to study if control, social support and job embeddedness moderate the relationships between witnessed and instigated incivility. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 978 individuals, sourced from a Swedish trade union, completed an online questionnaire. Findings: The results showed that witnessed incivility, mainly from coworkers but also from supervisors, was related to instigated incivility. Although witnessed incivility was related to both perceived stress and low job satisfaction, witnessed incivility was not linked to instigated incivility via perceived stress or low job satisfaction. In addition, the results showed that participants who had witnessed coworker incivility and at the same time perceived high levels of control, social support (from coworkers) or job embeddedness on average reported higher levels of instigated incivility. Similarly, participants who had witnessed supervisor incivility and at the same time perceived high levels of control, social support (from coworkers and supervisors) or job embeddedness on average reported higher levels of instigated incivility. Originality/value: The findings expand the literature on bystander workplace incivility and highlight the importance of including experienced psychosocial work factors in models of incivility.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Holm, K., Torkelson, E., Bäckström, M. (2019). Exploring links between witnessed and instigated workplace incivility. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, Vol. 12 No. 3, pp. 160-175.

Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees

Vammen, M.A., Mikkelsen, S., Forman, J.L. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between content-related emotional demands at work and exhaustion, and to investigate if these associations were modified by other psychosocial work characteristics. Methods: In 2007, 4489 Danish public service employees participated in the PRISME study by completing postal questionnaires, and 3224 participated in the follow-up in 2009. Content-related emotional demands were measured by a scale (scored 1 to 5) based on five work-content-related items, and exhaustion was measured with the general exhaustion scale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (scored 1 to 5). The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with exhaustion were analysed in the same model and adjusted for effects of potential confounders. Effect modifications were examined separately for self-reported emotional enrichment, meaningful work, job control, social support at work and quantitative demands. Results: Exhaustion increased with increasing emotional demands, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, although statistically significant, the effect was small. In the longitudinal analysis, a one unit increase in emotional demands was associated with a 0.03 unit (95% CI: 0.01–0.06) increase in exhaustion. We found statistically significant effect modification for three of six potentially modifying work characteristics. The effect of emotional demands on exhaustion was lower for participants with high levels of emotional enrichment (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), high levels of meaningful work (longitudinally), and higher for high levels of quantitative demands (cross-sectionally). Conclusions: Increasing content-related emotional demands were associated with increasing levels of exhaustion, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This effect was reduced if the work was experienced as emotionally enriching and meaningful.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Vammen, M.A., Mikkelsen, S., Forman, J.L. et al. (2019). Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 92, Issue 5, pp 639–650.

No Job Demand Is an Island – Interaction Effects Between Emotional Demands and Other Types of Job Demands

Geisler, M., Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J. J.

Sammanfattning

Emotional demands are an inevitable feature of human services, and suggested to be a defining antecedent for workers’ stress and ill health. However, previous research indicate that emotional demands can have a favorably association to certain facets of human service workers’ motivation and well-being. Furthermore, recent research report that the effect of emotional demands on workers’ health and well-being seem to be contingent on the parallel level of other job demands. Still, initial investigations of interaction effects between emotional demands and other types of job demands have primarily focused on negative outcomes in terms of stress-related concerns and absenteeism. The present study investigated interaction effects between emotional demands and other types of job demands in relation to positive outcomes. In a larger sample of human service workers (social workers, n = 725), interaction effects were investigated between emotional demands and other job demands (quantitative demands, work pressure, and role conflict) for meaning in work and quality of work. Hypotheses stated that other job demands would moderate the relationship between emotional demands and positive outcomes, so that emotional demands would have a positive relation (i.e., act as a challenge) when the level of other demands is lower, but have a negative relation (i.e., act as a hindrance) when the level of other demands is high. Overall, the results provided support for the idea that emotional demands may act as a challenge. We found small but significant interaction effects between emotional demands and work pressure – in relation to meaning of work, as well as between emotional demands and quantitative demands, work pressure, and role-conflict, respectively – in relation to quality of work. Yet, the results did not support the assumption that emotional demands act as a hindrance when the level of other types of job demands is high. In sum, the results contribute by showing that emotional demands may promote human-service workers’ job attitudes when the level of parallel job demands is lower. We discuss the contribution of the study and the potential practical implications of the results, and give some suggestions for future research.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Kontaktyrken

Referens

Geisler, M., Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J. J. (2019). No Job Demand Is an Island – Interaction Effects Between Emotional Demands and Other Types of Job Demands. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 10.

The association of vertical and horizontal workplace social capital with employees’ job satisfaction, exhaustion and sleep disturbances: a prospective study

Framke, E., Sørensen, O.H., Pedersen, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Workplace social capital (WSC) may be beneficial for employees’ health and well-being; however, most studies have analyzed WSC on the individual and not the workplace level. We test whether higher compared to lower levels of vertical WSC (WSC between employees and superiors) and horizontal WSC (WSC between employees), measured at the workplace level, is prospectively associated with higher levels of employees’ well-being. Methods: Using data from an intervention study, we analyzed associations between workplace aggregated vertical and horizontal WSC at baseline with job satisfaction, exhaustion and sleep disturbances at 24-months follow-up. The sample included 606 municipal pre-school employees (71 workplaces). We adjusted for individual and workplace characteristics, baseline scores of outcomes, intervention status, and the interaction of exposure with intervention status. We used the Genmod procedure in SAS with a repeated statement to account for correlation of individuals within workplaces. We repeated analyses using individual-level WSC measurements. Results: Higher levels of vertical and horizontal WSC at baseline predicted a higher level of job satisfaction (0.20, p = 0.01 and 0.24, p = 0.01, respectively) and a lower level of exhaustion (− 0.33, p = 0.04 and − 0.43, p = 0.04) at follow-up in the most adjusted model. Analyses with individual-level measures yielded similar results and further showed an association of a higher level of horizontal WSC with a lower level of sleep disturbances. Conclusions: Higher levels of vertical and horizontal WSC were prospectively associated with better well-being of employees in municipal pre-schools. Workplaces may thus consider focusing on improving WSC as a means for ensuring or improving employees’ well-being.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Framke, E., Sørensen, O.H., Pedersen, J. et al. (2019). The association of vertical and horizontal workplace social capital with employees’ job satisfaction, exhaustion and sleep disturbances: a prospective study. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 92, Issue 6, pp 883–890.

Does leadership support buffer the effect of workplace bullying on the risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled survey data from 24,538 employees

Clausen, T., Conway, P.M., Burr, H. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate whether self-reported exposure to workplace bullying predicts the risk of disability pensioning among employees in two occupational groups—(1) employees working with clients or customers and (2) office workers and manual workers—and whether leadership support and occupational group moderates that association. Methods: Survey data from 24,538 employees (112,889 person years) were fitted to a national register containing information on disability-pension payments. Using multi-adjusted Cox-regression analysis, observations were followed in the register to assess the risk of disability pensioning. The average follow-up time was 4.6 years (standard deviation [SD] = 1.5). Results: Self-reported exposure to workplace bullying predicted an increased risk of disability pensioning (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–1.86). This association was moderated by leadership support: the association between workplace bullying and disability pensioning was significantly different for respondents who reported low leadership support (HR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.38–2.80) compared to respondents who reported medium (HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.60–1.76) or high leadership support (HR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.60–1.95). Further analyses showed similar associations between workplace bullying and the risk of disability pensioning among the two occupational groups. Conclusions: Self-reported workplace bullying increases the risk of disability pensioning, and this association is buffered by leadership support. Workplace bullying should be considered an important workplace stressor. This study indicates that workplaces may enhance worker retention by actively promoting measures to eliminate the occurrence of workplace bullying and to enhance leadership support.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Clausen, T., Conway, P.M., Burr, H. et al. (2019). Does leadership support buffer the effect of workplace bullying on the risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled survey data from 24,538 employees. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 92, Issue 7, pp 941–948.

Physical workload and bodily fatigue after work: cross-sectional study among 5000 workers

Bláfoss, R., Sundstrup, E., Jakobsen, M. D., Brandt, M., Bay, H., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Background: Persistent bodily fatigue after working days may indicate an imbalance between work demands and capacity of the workers. This study aimed to investigate associations between physical exposures at work and bodily fatigue after work. Methods: Danish workers with physical work (N=5377) answered questions about various physical exposures during work and bodily fatigue after work in the 2010 round of the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. Associations were modeled using binary logistic regression controlled for various confounders. Results: Mean age among the younger (<50 years) and older (≥50 years) workers was 36 and 56 years, respectively. Younger and older workers exposed to various physical exposures (e.g. ‘bending/twisting the back’) for more than a quarter of the workday were more fatigued after work. An exposure–response relationship was observed between the number of physical exposures and bodily fatigue, with odds ratios (OR) for fatigue in the body among younger workers being 1.01 (95%CI 0.63–1.63), 1.59 (95%CI 1.01–2.50), 2.37 (95%CI 1.54–3.66) and 2.84 (95%CI 1.85–5.36) for 1, 2, 3 and ≥4 types of combined physical exposures, respectively. Correspondingly, for older workers, ORs were 1.95 (95%CI 1.09–3.51), 4.06 (95%CI 2.32–7.12), 4.10 (95%CI 2.28–7.37) and 4.90 (95%CI 2.72–8.82) for 1, 2, 3 and ≥4 exposures, respectively. Conclusion: While some of the single factor exposures were associated with increased bodily fatigue, the most marked associations were found when summing the number of different exposures. These results indicate that workplaces should focus on the sum of combined physical exposures rather than focusing solely on single exposures.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Bláfoss, R., Sundstrup, E., Jakobsen, M. D., Brandt, M., Bay, H., Andersen, L. L. (2019). Physical workload and bodily fatigue after work: cross-sectional study among 5000 workers. European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 5, Pages 837–842.

Dissecting the effect of workplace exposures on workers’ rating of psychological health and safety

Ramkissoon, A., Smith, P., Oudyk, J..

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To validate the factor structure of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) in a North American population and dissect the associations between psychosocial factors and workplace psychological health and safety. Methods: Confirmatory factor analysis and multivariate linear regression were used to determine the associations between COPSOQ dimensions and a global rating of workplace psychological health and safety. Models were stratified by sex, gender roles, and age. Results: The COPSOQ factor structure was verified among Canadian workers. Three factors were found to significantly contribute to the global rating of the psychological health and safety for all workers. Few differences were observed across sex, gender roles, and age. Conclusions: This study identified dimensions of the psychosocial work environment that are strongly associated with the global rating of workplace psychological health and safety. Using a standardized questionnaire like the COPSOQ allows for comparisons over time, between different industries, and worker populations.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Ramkissoon, A., Smith, P., Oudyk, J.. (2019). Dissecting the effect of workplace exposures on workers’ rating of psychological health and safety. Am J Ind Med, 62: 412‐ 421.

Occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters

Soteriades, E. S., Psalta, L., Leka, S., Spanoudis, G.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters. Material and Methods: Data were collected among Cypriot firefighters through a battery of adapted questionnaires completed anonymously. Results: A total of 430 firefighters (a response rate of 68%) completed the survey (the age range: 21–60 years). A total of 11% of firefighters reported moderate to extremely severe stress through the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. A total of 40% of firefighters reported musculoskeletal symptoms, the most frequent being back pain. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models showed that occupational stress was associated with a 50% higher risk of musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters after adjusting for age, smoking and obesity (OR = 1.52, p = 0.04). In addition, a positive dose-response relationship was found between occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms. Conclusions: Occupational stress constitutes a significant risk for firefighters and is associated with higher prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms at work.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Cypern

Yrken

Brandmän

DOI

10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01268

Referens

Soteriades, E. S., Psalta, L., Leka, S., Spanoudis, G. (2019). Occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in firefighters. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 32(3), 341-352.

Job demands and emotional labor as antecedents of female preschool teachers’ work-to-family conflict: The moderating role of job resources

Gu, Y., You, X., Wang, R.

Sammanfattning

Using the job demands–resources model and conservation of resources theory, this study examines job demands, job resources, and emotional labor as antecedents of work-to-family conflict. The study was conducted among 320 female preschool teachers in China over a 1-year period. Based on hierarchical regression, job demands (i.e., work overload and interpersonal conflict) and surface acting led to an increase in work-to-family conflict over time. More importantly, supervisor work–family support as well as deep acting directly reduced work-to-family conflict over time, while meaning of work protected against increased work-to-family conflict in the presence of work overload and higher levels of surface acting. These findings contribute to prior literature and show how the unfavorable effects of job demands as well as emotional labor may be avoided in the family domain through enhancing supervisor work–family support and fostering meaning of work.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Förskolelärare

Referens

Gu, Y., You, X., Wang, R. (2019). Job demands and emotional labor as antecedents of female preschool teachers’ work-to-family conflict: The moderating role of job resources. International Journal of Stress Management.

Work-related neck and upper limb disorders – quantitative exposure–response relationships adjusted for personal characteristics and psychosocial conditions

Balogh, I., Arvidsson, I., Björk, J., Hansson, GÅ., Ohlsson, K., Skerfving, S., Nordander, C.

Sammanfattning

Background: We have previously reported quantitative exposure-response relationships between physical exposures recorded by technical methods, and complaints and diagnoses in the neck/shoulders, and the elbows/hands, based on group data. In the present study the number of workers was doubled, and information on individual factors, and psychosocial working conditions was used. Relationships between various kinds of exposure and response have been analysed in this larger and more detailed sample. Methods: The prevalence of complaints (Nordic Questionnaire) and diagnoses (clinical examination) were recorded in a number of occupational groups within which the participants had similar work tasks, 34 groups of female employees (N = 4733 women) and 17 groups of male employees (N = 1107 men). Age and other individual characteristics were recorded, as well as psychosocial work environment factors (job-content questionnaire) for most participants. Postures and velocities (inclinometry) of the head (N = 505) and right upper arm (N = 510), right wrist postures and velocities (electrogoniometry; N = 685), and muscular activity (electromyography; EMG) in the right trapezius muscle (N = 647) and forearm extensors (N = 396) were recorded in representative sub-groups. Exposure-response relationships between physical exposure and musculoskeletal disorders, adjusted for individual factors with Poisson regression were then calculated. The effect of introducing psychosocial conditions into the models was also assessed. Results: Associations were found between head velocity, trapezius activity, upper arm velocity, forearm extensor activity and wrist posture and velocity, and most neck/shoulder and elbow/hand complaints and diagnoses. Adjustment for age, other individual characteristics and psychosocial work conditions had only a limited effect on these associations. For example, the attributable fraction for tension neck syndrome among female workers with the highest quintile of trapezius activity was 58%, for carpal tunnel syndrome versus wrist velocity it was 92% in men in the highest exposure quintile. Conclusions: Based on the findings, we propose threshold limit values for upper arm and wrist velocity.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Balogh, I., Arvidsson, I., Björk, J., Hansson, GÅ., Ohlsson, K., Skerfving, S., Nordander, C. (2019). Work-related neck and upper limb disorders – quantitative exposure–response relationships adjusted for personal characteristics and psychosocial conditions. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Vol 20.

Can mindfulness mitigate the energy-depleting process and increase job resources to prevent burnout? A study on the mindfulness trait in the school context

Guidetti, G., Viotti, S., Badagliacca, R., Colombo, L., Converso, D.

Sammanfattning

Background: Past studies in the teaching context provided evidence of the role of mindfulness-based intervention in improving occupational wellbeing. This study aims to increase the extant knowledge by testing the mechanism that links teachers’ mindfulness at work to occupational wellbeing. Rooted in the job demand–resource model, the mindfulness trait is conceptualized as a personal resource that has the ability to impact and interact with job demands and resources, specifically workload stress appraisal and perceived meaningfulness of work, in affecting teachers’ burnout. Methods: A sample of primary, middle, and secondary school teachers (N = 605) completed a questionnaire that aimed to assess teachers’ mindfulness trait and the measures of the quality of occupational life in the school context. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test the model fit indices; further analyses were performed to test the hypotheses about mediation and moderation effects. Results: The CFA showed good model fit indices. Further analyses highlighted that teachers’ mindfulness is negatively associated with workload stress appraisal and that positively influenced work meaning, in turn mediating the relationship between mindfulness and burnout. Finally, mindfulness moderated the effect of workload stress appraisal on burnout. Conclusions: Rooted in the job demand–resource model, this study emphasizes an underrepresented personal resource, that is, the mindfulness trait at work, and the links that favor its impact on burnout. Practical and future research implications are also discussed.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Lärare

Referens

Guidetti, G., Viotti, S., Badagliacca, R., Colombo, L., Converso, D. (2019). Can mindfulness mitigate the energy-depleting process and increase job resources to prevent burnout? A study on the mindfulness trait in the school context. PLoS ONE, 14(4): e0214935.

Humanized care and psychosocial risks: a relationship perceived by professional nurses in Chile

Guajardo, S.R., Vasquez, P.C.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this article is to evaluate if there is relationship between work-related psychosocial factors and the humanized care given by the nurses in a public hospital in Chile. Karasek and Siegrist gave the theoretical support for this research in terms of the psychosocial factors. Jean Watson provides the disciplinary support from humanized caring. The design of the study is not experimental, cross-sectional, with a quantitative approach. A census was performed to 240 nurses that work in a public hospital in Chile. In order to recollect the data, an instrument divided into three parts was used. Part I: “Personal and work-related background”, created by the master’s degree student. Part II: “Questionnaire of evaluation of work-related psychosocial risks SUSESO-ISTAS 21”, validated in Chile with an alpha of Cronbach: 0.80. Part III: Nyberg´s Caring Assessment, validated in the Chilean population with an internal consistency of 0.82. The statistical analysis was descriptive and correlational, using Chi square (p≤0.05). During the present research, the ethical principles of E. Emanuel were followed. The results show that 56.25% of the nurses report a high perception of humanized care delivery. In terms of psychosocial risks, a high risk is present in three different dimensions (Psychological demand; Social support in the company and Leadership quality and double presence). Besides, a negative association between the exposition to psychosocial risks and the perception of humanized care was found. In conclusion, the perception of humanized care is associated in a relevant way with the perception of psychosocial risks in the working performance of nurses.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Chile

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.22235/ech.v7i1.1537

Referens

Guajardo, S.R., Vasquez, P.C. (2018). Humanized care and psychosocial risks: a relationship perceived by professional nurses in Chile. Enfermería: Cuidados Humanizados, Vol. 7, no 1.

Workplace violence and development of burnout symptoms: a prospective cohort study on 1823 social educators

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Elklit, A., Brandt, L.P.A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Burnout and workplace violence (WPV) have been associated in cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal studies with solid methods and adequate sample sizes are lacking. This study investigates whether WPV increases burnout symptoms during a 12-month period. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected on 1823 social educators at baseline and 12-month follow-up, coupled with additionally 12 monthly text-message surveys on exposure to WPV. Using general linear modelling for repeated measures, we estimated change over time in burnout symptoms in three WPV exposure groups (none, low, high). Results: A time by exposure to WPV interaction existed for development of burnout; F(2) = 7.2, p = 0.001 η2 = 0.011. Burnout increased significantly within the group of low exposure; F(1) = 6.8, p = 0.01 and high exposure; F(1) = 6.7 p = 0.001, but not within the non-exposed F(1) = 2.1 p = 0.15. At follow-up, both the low exposed and high exposed had significantly higher levels of burnout compared to the non-exposed. Conclusion: Exposure to WPV increases level of burnout within a 12-month period. We propose that assessment of burnout in future studies should utilize instruments capable of detecting small changes. We further propose that prevention against employee burnout could be improved using monitoring targeted at employees exposed to WPV.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Undervisare

DOI

10.1007/s00420-019-01424-5

Referens

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Elklit, A., Brandt, L.P.A. et al. (2019). Workplace violence and development of burnout symptoms: a prospective cohort study on 1823 social educators. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 92, Issue 6, pp 843–853.

Exposure to work stress and use of psychotropic medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Milner, A., Scovelle, A. J., King, T. L., Madsen, I.

Sammanfattning

Background: There is good evidence that job stressors are prospectively related to mental health problems, particularly depressive symptoms. This review aimed to examine whether job stressors were also related to use of psychotropic medications. Methods: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach, we examined seven electronic databases that indexed literature from a wide range of disciplines. Inclusion criteria were (1) the study included a job stressor or psychosocial working condition as an exposure, and (2) psychotropic medication was an outcome. All effect-size estimates were considered but needed to present either a SE or 95% CIs to be included in meta-analyses. Data were pooled between studies using the relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs. Results: There were 18 unique studies with non-overlapping exposures eligible for inclusion in the quantitative meta-analysis. High job demands were associated with a statistically significant increased risk of psychotropic medication use (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.31). There was also an elevated RR in relation to work–family conflict (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). In studies reporting OR, high job demands were associated with an OR of 1.39 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.71). Conclusions: The findings of this review highlight the need for policy and programme attention to reduce harmful exposure to psychosocial job stressors. Health-service use measures should be considered as outcomes and may represent more severe mental health conditions.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

Referens

Milner, A., Scovelle, A. J., King, T. L., Madsen, I. (2019). Exposure to work stress and use of psychotropic medications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health.

Daily emotional demands on traffic crashes among taxi drivers: Fatigue and safety motivation as mediators

Husain, N. A., Mohamad, J., Idris, M. A.

Sammanfattning

Many studies have validated that emotional demands are one of the main stressors that lead to fatigue, decreasing the safety behaviour in services work-related. However, studies to date have relied on long-term emotional demands rather than on the short-term fluctuation in emotional demands. The main aims of this research was to investigate the influence of individuals, as well as the daily levels of emotional demands on self-reported crashes, mainly through daily acute fatigue and safety motivation. The study was conducted among taxi drivers (N = 96) over a period of six days for both, morning and afternoon sessions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. As expected, it was found that increased levels in an individual's daily emotional demands were related to acute and chronic fatigue, where only acute fatigue had an influence on safety motivation. In addition, safety motivation decreased the rate of self-reported crashes. These results suggest that the increment level of emotional demands has an indirect relationship to traffic crash rates, mainly through fatigue and safety motivation.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Taxichaufförer

Referens

Husain, N. A., Mohamad, J., Idris, M. A. (2019). Daily emotional demands on traffic crashes among taxi drivers: Fatigue and safety motivation as mediators. IATSS Research.

Influence of physical and psychosocial working conditions for the risk of disability pension among healthy female eldercare workers: Prospective cohort

Andersen, L., Villadsen, E., Clausen, T.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To investigate the influence of physical and psychosocial working conditions on the risk of disability pension among eldercare workers. Methods: After responding to a questionnaire in 2005, 4699 healthy female eldercare workers – free from chronic musculoskeletal pain, depressive symptoms and long-term sickness absence – were followed for 11 years in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization. Time-to-event analyses estimated the hazard ratio (HR) for disability pension from physical exertion during work, emotional demands, influence at work, role conflicts, and quality of leadership. Analyses were mutually adjusted for these work environmental factors as well as for age, education, smoking, leisure physical activity and body mass index. Results: During follow-up, 7.6% received disability pension. Physical exertion and emotional demands were associated with risk of disability pension, and both interacted with age. In age-stratified analyses, older eldercare workers (mean age 53 years at baseline) with moderate and high physical exertion (reference: low) were at increased risk with HRs of 1.51, 95% CI [1.06–2.15] and 2.54, 95% CI [1.34–4.83], respectively. Younger eldercare workers (mean age 36 years at baseline) with moderate emotional demands (reference: low) were at decreased risk with an HR of 0.57, 95% CI [0.37–0.85]. Conclusions: While a higher level of physical exertion is a risk factor for disability pension among older female eldercare workers, a moderate level of emotional demands is associated with lower risk among the younger workers. The age of the worker may be an important factor when providing recommendations for promoting a long and healthy working life.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

Referens

Andersen, L., Villadsen, E., Clausen, T. (2019). Influence of physical and psychosocial working conditions for the risk of disability pension among healthy female eldercare workers: Prospective cohort. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health.

Psychometric properties of a medium version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) for southern Brazil

Lima, I.A.X., Parma, G.O.C., Cotrim, T.M.C.P., Moro, A.R.P.

Sammanfattning

Background: The emerging frequency of Behavioural Mental Health Disorders among Brazilian workers and the recent legal demand for analysis of psychosocial risks in the workplace highlight the importance of standardizing measures to assess these risks as a way to allow identification and proper comparison among different populations. Objective: To assess the psychometric properties of the COPSOQ II questionnaire medium version for southern Brazil, based on the Spanish medium-length version of COPSOQ-ISTAS21 II. Methods: A sample of 426 workers from a university in southern Brazil answered the model under study online. Content validity and internal consistency were analyzed through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (AFC) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (AFE) and Cronbach’s α coefficient. Results: The study model presented a response rate of 48.46%. The analyses indicated the possibility of the instrument to present reliability and validity of content. From the AFE, the final model consisted of 13 dimensions and 70 items, and presented a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.82, which is considered a good internal consistency. Conclusions: The results showed that the final model of this study presents acceptable levels of reliability and internal validity for the application in Brazil, along with the groups of workers that resemble the participants of the research, to assess psychosocial risks in the workplace.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3233/WOR-192853

Referens

Lima, I.A.X., Parma, G.O.C., Cotrim, T.M.C.P., Moro, A.R.P. (2019). Psychometric properties of a medium version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) for southern Brazil. Work, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 175-184.

Descriptive review of junior OB/GYN physicians’ work task financial compensation in German hospitals

Brüggmann, D. et al.

Sammanfattning

Beginning in the first decade of the 21st centruy, there was a growing disregard for the benefits of the German medical system concerning the junior obstetricians/gynecologists (OB/GYN) job situation. As in other fields of medicine, numerous colleagues left Germany to work in other countries such as the United Kingdom, Noway, Sweden, or Switzerland. According to studies, financial factors represent one of the reasons for the discontent. We here present a practical descriptive approach to assess/review the actual compensation of single work tasks of OB/GYNs on the basis of previously published, existing data. Using the workflow data from the Medical work Assessment in German hospitals (MAGRO) platform of twenty junior OB/GYNs with an average workday of 9:24:35 h (SD = 01:05:07 h), a large scale data analysis of 2,325,556 different time points was performed to calculate the financial valuation of single work tasks. In order to assess the evolution over the past years, different modern and historic (e.g. AiP) pay scales were used and analysed in relation to the actual work on a weekly, monthly and per annum basis. Our review shows that there has been a dramatic increase in the financial reward of the practical work tasks of junior OB/GYN physicians in German hospitals in comparison to the situation of the early 2000s years. In this respect, it can not be further argued that the German system has large disadvantages concerning the payment of junior doctors in comparison to other European countries.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

Referens

Brüggmann, D. et al. (2019). Descriptive review of junior OB/GYN physicians’ work task financial compensation in German hospitals. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Vol 14.

Depressive Symptoms Following Work-Related Violence and Threats and the Modifying Effect of Organizational Justice, Social Support, and Safety Perceptions

Andersen, L. P. S., Hogh, A., Andersen, J. H., Biering, K.

Sammanfattning

Work-related threats and violence is a major occupational hazard and the consequences for victims may be a range of physical and psychological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between exposure to work-related violence and threats and subsequent risk for depression and to examine whether the associations were modified by social support, organizational justice and safety perceptions. Questionnaire data was collected in 2010, 2011 and in 2015. A total of 5,342 employees from special schools, psychiatric wards, eldercare and the Prison and Probation Services (PPS) participated in the first round in 2010. The analysis was performed by multivariate logistic regression. Staff exposed for work-related threats and violence had an increased risk for depression compared to non-exposed staff. The risk was highest for staff working in PPS. Compared to low levels, there were a tendency for high levels of social support, organizational justice and safety perception to attenuate the associations between work-related threats and violence and depression. However, none of the differences were statistically significant. Many employees working in human service sectors are exposed to work-related threats and violence which increases the risk for depression. The risk for depression following work-related threats and violence may be modified by social support, organizational justice and the perception of safety workplace. It is recommended that workplaces adopt an integrated organizational approach including both prevention of work-related threats and violence and intervention to modify the health consequences of work-related threats and violence.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Kontaktyrken

Referens

Andersen, L. P. S., Hogh, A., Andersen, J. H., Biering, K. (2019). Depressive Symptoms Following Work-Related Violence and Threats and the Modifying Effect of Organizational Justice, Social Support, and Safety Perceptions. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.

For better or for worse? Psychosocial work environment and direct participation practices

Llorens, C., Navarro, A., Salas, S., Utzet, M., Moncada, S.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To explore the relationship between the psychosocial work environment and labour management practices involving direct participation among salaried workers; to examine whether this relationship varies according to occupational group and sex.Methods: Based on a representative survey of the wage-earning population in Spain (n = 4911) using the Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-ISTAS21), ordinal logistic models were fitted in order to assess associations. Results: The psychosocial work environment factors control, social support and rewards were significantly and positively associated with direct participation practices, after adjusting for ten indicators of other labour management practices (working hours, contractual relationship, promotion, salary and staffing) and three socioeconomic characteristics (occupational group, sex and age). No association was observed with the factor demands. When used simultaneously, delegative and consultative direct participation practices obtained more frequent and stronger associations with psychosocial work environment factors than when used separately. Stratifying the salaried population by sex and occupational group, associations were observed in all strata except for supervisors and higher professionals. Conclusions: A better psychosocial work environment is associated with direct participation practices among lower level occupational groups and among women. Direct participation practices appear to be valid components of preventive interventions at the workplace level, and may help to reduce occupational health inequalities.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Llorens, C., Navarro, A., Salas, S., Utzet, M., Moncada, S. (2019). For better or for worse? Psychosocial work environment and direct participation practices. Safety Science, Volume 116, Pages 78-85.

Preretirement Work Motivation and Subsequent Retirement Adjustment: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective

Henning, G., Stenling, A., Tafvelin, S., Hansson, I., Kivi, M., Johansson, B., Lindwall, M.

Sammanfattning

Research grounded in self-determination theory confirms the importance of different types of work motivation for well-being and job performance. Less is known about the role of work motivation at the end of one’s working life and its association with adjustment to retirement. We investigated the association between preretirement work motivation and retirement adjustment in a subsample of the Health, Aging and Retirement Transitions in Sweden (HEARTS) study. We included participants (n = 572) who retired between two annual waves in this longitudinal study. Retirement adjustment was operationalized as change between waves in satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). The association between preretirement work motivation and retirement adjustment varied depending on the subdimension of motivation (intrinsic, identified, introjected, external, or amotivation), type of transition (full vs. partial), and the particular need (autonomy, competence, and relatedness). In line with our expectations, low intrinsic work motivation was associated with gains in autonomy satisfaction for full-time retirees, which may be interpreted as a relief from dissatisfying jobs. Among those who continued to work, high intrinsic motivation was related to increases in relatedness satisfaction, that is, retirees who were intrinsically motivated for their work seem to benefit from continuing to work in retirement. In contrast to our expectations, amotivation before retirement was associated with gains in relatedness satisfaction for those continuing to work. Our results highlight the complexity of retirement and the need to study postretirement adjustment as a multifaceted and multidirectional process.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Henning, G., Stenling, A., Tafvelin, S., Hansson, I., Kivi, M., Johansson, B., Lindwall, M. (2019). Preretirement Work Motivation and Subsequent Retirement Adjustment: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective. Work, Aging and Retirement, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 189–203.

Common mental disorders through the eyes of German employees: attributed relevance of work-related causes and prevention measures assessed by a standardised survey

Burgess, S., Junne, F., Rothermund, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Common mental disorders (CMDs) are becoming increasingly relevant in the working world. Numbers of risk factors have been confirmed by mostly correlative cross-sectional studies. Comprehensive and effective prevention is urgently needed. There is little knowledge about employees’ own perceptions on causes of CMDs and prevention measures. Therefore, a survey was conducted in 2016. Methods: A standardised instrument was developed for an online survey in a commercial access panel, targeted employees in different job types. We assessed two outcomes: perceived relevance of (1) work-related demands to the development of CMDs, and (2) prevention approaches in the workplace and on individual and societal levels. Possible predictive aspects were analysed exploratively by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: The response rate was 75% (n = 610). Job types were categorised as “blue”, “grey” and “white-collar” workers (n = 193, 169, 248). The majority of respondents rated both outcomes consistently as “quite” or “very relevant”; societal prevention strategies were more relevant for non-white-collar workers. Perceived relevance of individual predisposition to develop a CMD was the strongest predictor for both outcomes, indicating the perception that people with higher personal vulnerability might suffer a higher strain from work-related risk factors than others. Conclusion: We assume that participants in our survey judged the relevance of work-related causes of CMDs independently of their own workload. The perceived relevance of prevention measures in different areas is consistent with official guidelines. A possible selection bias due to characteristics of access panel collectives and own direct or indirect experiences with CMD should be critically questioned.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Burgess, S., Junne, F., Rothermund, E. et al. (2019). Common mental disorders through the eyes of German employees: attributed relevance of work-related causes and prevention measures assessed by a standardised survey. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 92, Issue 6, pp 795–811.

Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on working conditions, leadership, and safety climate: a cross-sectional study

Wagner, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Promoting patient and occupational safety are two key challenges for hospitals. When aiming to improve these two outcomes synergistically, psychosocial working conditions, leadership by hospital management and supervisors, and perceptions of patient and occupational safety climate have to be considered. Recent studies have shown that these key topics are interrelated and form a critical foundation for promoting patient and occupational safety in hospitals. So far, these topics have mainly been studied independently from each other. The present study investigated hospital staffs’ perceptions of four different topics: (1) psychosocial working conditions, (2) leadership, (3) patient safety climate, and (4) occupational safety climate. We present results from a survey in two German university hospitals aiming to detect differences between nurses and physicians. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using a standardized paper-based questionnaire. The survey was conducted with nurses and physicians to assess the four topics. The instruments mainly consisted of scales of the German version of the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire), one scale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), scales to assess leadership and transformational leadership, scales to assess patient safety climate using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSPSC), and analogous items to assess occupational safety climate. Results: A total of 995 completed questionnaires out of 2512 distributed questionnaires were returned anonymously. The overall response rate was 39.6%. The sample consisted of 381 physicians and 567 nurses. We found various differences with regard to the four topics. In most of the COPSOQ and the HSPSC-scales, physicians rated psychosocial working conditions and patient safety climate more positively than nurses. With regard to occupational safety, nurses indicated higher occupational risks than physicians. Conclusions: The WorkSafeMed study combined the assessment of the four topics psychosocial working conditions, leadership, patient safety climate, and occupational safety climate in hospitals. Looking at the four topics provides an overview of where improvements in hospitals may be needed for nurses and physicians. Based on these results, improvements in working conditions, patient safety climate, and occupational safety climate are required for health care professionals in German university hospitals – especially for nurses.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Wagner, A. et al. (2019). Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on working conditions, leadership, and safety climate: a cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, Vol 19.

Better safe than sorry: Methods for risk assessment of psychosocial hazards

Metzler, Y.A., von Groeling-Müller, G., Bellingrath, S.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risk assessment is becoming increasingly important for research and occupational health and safety due to legislative amendments obliging employers to implement psychosocial work factors into general risk assessment. While various sources provide guidance on hazard identification, statistically assessing the risk probability of psychosocial hazards remains poorly understood. In the current study, we investigate the risk potential of psychosocial hazards using the German Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, in a cross-sectional sample of 549 blast furnace workers of a German steel company. We examine and compare established methods for risk evaluation in four occupational groups and in total, reflecting the working area, aiming to determine the utility of these methods for risk assessment: (1) An exposure-based approach using the scales’ average scores, (2) comparing the scales’ average scores with a job-exposure matrix using t-tests, (3) regression analyses, and (4) an approach by Clarke and Cooper (2000) referring to a common risk equation. Analyses show similar results of risk evaluation by each method when used within four occupational groups. Therefore, results on the sample level sufficiently represent results on the job level. Substantial differences, however, appear between the methods. Determining the approach of Clarke and Cooper to be most promising, our findings indicate that the choice of risk evaluation method strongly impacts risk management, as the derived risk minimizing measures are conducted only for those hazards evaluated as risks and according to their level of priority. Future research and policy development must focus stronger on how to best achieve psychosocial risk evaluation.

År

2019

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Masugnarbetare

Referens

Metzler, Y.A., von Groeling-Müller, G., Bellingrath, S. (2019). Better safe than sorry: Methods for risk assessment of psychosocial hazards. Safety Science, Volume 114, Pages 122-139.

Explaining burnout and the intention to leave the profession among health professionals – a cross-sectional study in a hospital setting in Switzerland

Hämmig, O.

Sammanfattning

Background: Burnout and the intention to leave the profession are frequently studied outcomes in healthcare settings that have not been investigated together and across different health professions before. This study aimed to examine work-related explanatory factors or predictors of burnout and the intention to leave the profession among health professionals in general, and nurses and physicians in particular. Methods: Cross-sectional survey data of 1840 employees of six public hospitals and rehabilitation clinics recorded in 2015/16 in German-speaking Switzerland were used. Multiple logistic and stepwise linear regression analyses were performed to estimate the relative risks (odds ratios) and standardized effects (beta coefficients) of different workloads and work-related stressors on these outcomes and to study any possible mediation between them. Results: On average, one in twelve health professionals showed increased burnout symptoms and every sixth one thought frequently of leaving the profession. Temporal, physical, emotional and mental workloads and job stresses were strongly and positively associated with burnout symptoms and thoughts of leaving the profession. However, the relative risks of increased burnout symptoms and frequent thoughts of leaving the profession were highest in the case of effort-reward and work-life imbalances. In fact, these two work-related stress measures partly or even largely mediated the relationships between exposures (workloads, job stresses) and outcomes and were found to be the strongest predictors of all. Whereas a work-life imbalance most strongly predicted burnout symptoms among health professionals (β = .35), and particularly physicians (β = .48), an effort-reward imbalance most strongly predicted thoughts of leaving the profession (β = .31–36). A substantial part of the variance was explained in the fully specified regression models across both major health professions and both outcomes. However, explained variance was most pronounced for burnout symptoms of physicians (43.3%) and for frequent thoughts of leaving the profession among nurses and midwives (28.7%). Conclusions: Reducing workload and job stress, and particularly reward frustration at work, as well as the difficulties in combining work and private lives among health professionals, may help to prevent them from developing burnout and/or leaving the profession and consequently also to reduce turnover, early retirement, career endings and understaffing in healthcare settings.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

Referens

Hämmig, O. (2018). Explaining burnout and the intention to leave the profession among health professionals – a cross-sectional study in a hospital setting in Switzerland. BMC Health Services Research, Vol 18.

Neuropattern, a Translational Tool to Reduce Stress at Work – a Pilot Study

Contreras, C., Hellhammer, J., Gerhards, F. et al.

Sammanfattning

Changing working conditions demand adaptation, resulting in higher stress levels in employees. In consequence, decreased productivity, increasing rates of sick leave, and cases of early retirement result in higher direct, indirect, and intangible costs. The aim of the study was to test the usefulness of a novel translational tool, Neuropattern, for early detection, prevention, and personalized treatment of stress-related disorders. The trial was designed as a pilot study with a wait list control group. In this study, 70 employees of the Forestry Department Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany were block-randomized and either underwent Neuropattern immediately, or after a waiting period of three months. After the diagnostic assessment, they received an explanatory disease model and individualized online counseling while their physicians were provided with diagnostic results and treatment recommendations. In order to assess possible beneficial effects of Neuropattern, questionnaires regarding health (SF-12), stress perception (PSS), emotional exhaustion (MBI), work stress (ERI) and work ability (WAI) as well as questions on health behavior were included at several time points. The application of Neuropattern resulted in significantly higher increase in measures of mental health and sporting activity and a significantly stronger decrease in perceived stress, emotional exhaustion and overcommitment, as compared to the control group. No such differences were found with regard to subjects’ physical health, current work ability, reward, effort-reward ratio and practice of relaxation methods. In addition, we unexpectedly found that subjects of the experimental group became significantly more pessimistic regarding their future work ability and showed higher rates of sick leave than control subjects did. These changes remained consistent during 3 and 6 months of follow-up. The present study encouraged the application of Neuropattern to early intervention in non-clinical populations. However, further research is required to determine the best operating conditions.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

Referens

Contreras, C., Hellhammer, J., Gerhards, F. et al. (2018). Neuropattern, a Translational Tool to Reduce Stress at Work – a Pilot Study. Occupational Health Science, Volume 2, Issue 4, pp 385–407.

Comparison Psychosocial Factors at Work Environment of Nurses in Children’s and Adult’s Wards of Selected Isfahan City Hospitals in 2016

Hesanpour, N., Abdeyazdan, Z., Sadeghi, N.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: The effect of psychosocial work environment on personal and organizational aspects of employees is well-known; and paying no attention to these factors can cause physical and mental diseases and negative attitude to professional activities and reduction of efficacy in the professional activities of nurses. The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial factors at work environment and compare them in two groups of children and adults wards’ nurses in the selected Isfahan city hospitals at 2016. Methods: This was a descriptive-comparative study. Subjects were 210 nurses’ adult and pediatric wards of selected hospitals in Isfahan. In this study, sampling was done by multistage random method. The instrument used was a demographic questionnaire and the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Results: Findings showed that the mean score of job satisfaction in adult wards’ nurses was significantly more than children wards’ nurses (P < 0.05), and work-family conflict score in them was significantly less than the children wards’ nurses (P < 0.05). There was significant difference between the mean total score of psychosocial factors in the work environment between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant relationship variables like age, job experience, gender, marital and employment status with psychosocial factors in work environment (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The present study indicated that psychosocial health in pediatric wards’ nurses is less than the nurses in adult wards. Applying new business ideas, team working nurses, participation in hospital affairs, providing educational opportunities, providing managerial support etc., have important effects on the frequency and severity of burnout dimensions and job dissatisfaction in nurses especially in pediatric nurses.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.21859/jpen-05014

Referens

Hesanpour, N., Abdeyazdan, Z., Sadeghi, N. (2018). Comparison Psychosocial Factors at Work Environment of Nurses in Children’s and Adult’s Wards of Selected Isfahan City Hospitals in 2016. Iranian Journal of Pediatric Nursing (JPEN), Volume 5, Issue 1.

Musculoskeletal pain in multiple body sites and work ability in the general working population: cross-sectional study among 10,000 wage earners

Bayattork, M., Jakobsen, M.D., Sundstrup, E., Seidi, F., Bay, H., Andersen, L.L.

Sammanfattning

Background and aims: Musculoskeletal pain may negatively affect work ability, especially when work demands are high and/or physical capacity of the worker is low. This study investigated the association between intensity of musculoskeletal pain in multiple body regions and work ability among young and old workers with sedentary and physical demanding jobs. Methods: Currently employed wage earners (n=10,427) replied to questions about pain intensity, work ability, and physical work demands. The odds ratio (OR) for having a lower level of work ability in relation to the physical demands at work were modeled using logistic regression controlled for various confounders. Results: The OR for lower work ability increased with higher pain intensity in all regions among workers with sedentary and physical work. The same pattern was observed among workers <50 years and ≥50 years in both work types. The association was quite consistent across age and work activity groups, although it tended to be more pronounced among those with physically demanding work in some of pain regions. Conclusions: This study shows that increasing pain intensity in multiple sites of the body is associated with lower work ability. This was seen for both younger and older workers as well as those with sedentary and physical work. Implications: Physical workers with multiple-site pain may especially be at increased risk of the consequences of reduced work ability. Therefore, extra attention is needed and this group may benefit from better targeted preventive measures.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Bayattork, M., Jakobsen, M.D., Sundstrup, E., Seidi, F., Bay, H., Andersen, L.L. (2018). Musculoskeletal pain in multiple body sites and work ability in the general working population: cross-sectional study among 10,000 wage earners. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 131–137.

We cannot be “forever young,” but our children are: A multilevel intervention to sustain nursery school teachers’ resources and well-being during their long work life cycle

Sottimano, I., Guidetti, G., Converso, D., Viotti, S.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: The aging of workers generally implies an increased number of workers with health problems or psychological diseases because of the growing distance between personal resources and job demands; the first may decrease, while the second are stable. In the preschool setting, the demands remain constant because children are always aged 0–3 years, while the preschool teacher’s personal resources decrease with age. It is, therefore, necessary to propose multilevel interventions aimed at supporting work sustainability and workers’ resources. Method: This study involved twenty-seven preschools (324 teachers with an average age of 48.7 years): the control group included seventeen schools (190 teachers with an average age of 48.5 years), five schools were assigned to experimental group one (69 teachers with an average age of 48.8), and five schools were assigned to experimental group two (65 teachers with an average age of 49.1). In this context, we proposed two protocols of multilevel intervention comprising three solutions; two of these were common to both experimental groups: psychological counseling and psychosocial intervention. The third solution differed between groups: environmental redefinition (for group one); gymnastic and vocal hygiene (for group two). We hypothesized that the interventions improve teachers’ work abilities, increase well-being, and decrease stress and burnout. Furthermore we hypothesized that there would be an improvement in the organizational climate of trust and in social job resources. Results: Data analysis showed that the interventions were effective. In particular, the experimental groups reported significant decreases in psychological exhaustion (EG2: ß = -1.48; p = .00), indolence (EG1: ß = -1.36; p = .00), and stress (EG2: ß = -0.94; p = .00). Furthermore, the experimental groups significantly increased their enthusiasm towards work (EG2: ß = 1.21; p = .01), vertical trust (EG1: ß = 0.54; p = .01), and the perception of coworker social support (EG2: ß = 0.54; p = .01). The protocol that involved the GC2 was particularly effective. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the intervention in a particular job setting (preschool classroom), emphasizing the need for implementing solutions aimed at supporting workers’ well-being, especially in light of an aging workforce.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Italien

Yrken

Förskolelärare

Referens

Sottimano, I., Guidetti, G., Converso, D., Viotti, S. (2018). We cannot be “forever young,” but our children are: A multilevel intervention to sustain nursery school teachers’ resources and well-being during their long work life cycle. PLOS ONE, 13(11): e0206627.

Institutional effects on nurses’ working conditions: a multi-group comparison of public and private non-profit and for-profit healthcare employers in Switzerland

Aeschbacher, R., Addor, V.

Sammanfattning

Background: In response to the need for competitive recruitment of nurses resulting from the worldwide nursing shortage, employers need to attract and retain nurses by promoting their competitive strengths in their working conditions (WCS) and by addressing their competitive weaknesses. This study investigated workplace differences between public hospitals (PuHs), private for-profit hospitals (PrHs), socio-medical institutions (SOMEDs), home care services (HCs), private medical offices (PrOs) and non-profit organisations (NPOs), helping to provide a foundation for competition-oriented institutional employer branding and to increase transparency in the labour market for nurses. Methods: Data from the Swiss Nurses at Work study of the career paths of 11 232 nurses who worked in Switzerland between 1970 and 2014 were subjected to secondary analysis, assessing the effect of institutional characteristics on self-reported determinants of job satisfaction (such as WCS) using multivariate linear regression and post hoc tests with Bonferroni-adjusted significance levels. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the number of WCS in the original study. Results: Nurses at PuHs and PrHs were less likely to experience autonomy, flexibility of work hours and participation in decision-making than those at other workplaces. Although PuHs were rated higher than PrHs in terms of satisfaction with salary and advancement opportunities, they were associated with more alienating work factors, such as stress and aggression. SOMED workplaces were significantly more often associated with alienating conditions and low job satisfaction, but were rated higher than the other institutions in terms of participation in decision-making. The nurses’ ratings implied that PrO workplaces were more likely to offer a mild work environment, social support and recognition than other institutions, but that advancement opportunities were limited. NPO workplaces were associated with the highest degree of autonomy, flexibility, participation, recognition, organisational commitment and job satisfaction. In these respects, HC and NPO workplaces received similar ratings, although the HC workplaces were associated with a significantly lower organisational commitment and significantly lower job satisfaction. Conclusions: Due to their structural characteristics, NPOs, SOMEDs and HCs can attract nurses seeking greater self-determination, PuHs can attract career-oriented nurses, and PrOs and PrHs are likely to attract nurses through offering less-stressful working conditions.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Aeschbacher, R., Addor, V. (2018). Institutional effects on nurses’ working conditions: a multi-group comparison of public and private non-profit and for-profit healthcare employers in Switzerland. Human Resources for Health, Vol 16.

What happens to the physical and psychosocial work environment when activity-based offices are introduced into academia?

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen, T., Toivanen, S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: There is an increased interest for introducing activity-based offices at universities. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the knowledge about the importance of the built environment for the psychosocial work environment within academia by analyzing how staff at a large Swedish university experienced the physical and psychosocial work environment before and after moving to activity-based offices. Design/methodology/approach: A Web-based survey was distributed to all employees at two faculties at a university three months before (2015, n = 217, response rate 51 per cent) and nine months after (2016, n = 200, response rate 47 per cent) relocation to a new activity-based university building. Findings: In the new premises, a vast majority (86 per cent) always occupied the same place when possible, and worked also more often from home. The social community at work had declined and social support from colleagues and supervisors was perceived to have decreased. The participants reported a lower job satisfaction after the relocation and were more likely to seek new jobs. No aspects in the physical or psychosocial work environment were found to have improved after the relocation. Research/limitations implications: The study had a two-wave cross-sectional design, which does not allow establishing causal relations. Practical implications: There is reason to be cautious about relocation to activity-based offices at universities. The potential savings in costs for premises may lead to may be followed by an increase in other costs. The risk that staff cannot concentrate on their work in activity-based university workplaces and lose their sense of community with colleagues are factors, which in the long run may lead to decreased efficiency, more conflicts and poorer well-being. Originality/value: This paper contributes with new knowledge concerning changes in the physical and psychosocial work environment when relocating from cell offices to activity-based offices in a university setting.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Akademiker

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Muhonen, T., Toivanen, S. (2018). What happens to the physical and psychosocial work environment when activity-based offices are introduced into academia?. Journal of Corporate Real Estate, Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 230-243.

Living with disabling chronic pain: results from a face-to-face cross-sectional population-based study

Cabrera-León, A., Cantero-Braojos, M.Á., Garcia-Fernandez, L. et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of disabling chronic pain (DCP) in Spanish adults, to analyse its characteristics, to determine its multimorbidity and to identify its associated factors.Settings: 2011 Andalusian Health Survey, a cross-sectional population survey based on face-to-face home interviews. Participants: 6507 people aged 16 years or older and living in Andalusia, Spain. Outcomes: The response variable was disabling chronic pain. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to analyse the association of factors with disabling chronic pain. The sample design was considered throughout the statistical analysis.Results: The prevalence of disabling chronic pain in the Spanish adult population was 11.36% (95% CI 11.23 to 11.49), while that of non-disabling chronic pain was 5.67% (95% CI 5.57 to 5.77). Disabling chronic pain was associated with high multimorbidity (especially in women (51%) and in the elderly (70%) with three or more additional chronic diseases), as well as with disadvantaged social status (such as female gender (OR=2.12), advanced age (OR10-year increase=1.28), unemployment (OR=1.33), manual work (OR=1.26), low income (OR=1.14) and reduced emotional social support (OR=1.04)). Other influential factors were tobacco consumption (OR=1.42), sleeping ≤7 hours (OR=1.2)], environmental or work conditions (OR=1.16) and quality of life (ORmental=1.21, ORphysical=2.37). Conclusions: The population with disabling chronic pain was associated with multimorbidity, vulnerable social status and an impaired quality of life. In contrast, the population with non-disabling chronic pain showed almost no differences when compared with the population without chronic pain. The association between DCP and mental disorders highlights the need for psychosocial services in the management of chronic pain.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020913

Referens

Cabrera-León, A., Cantero-Braojos, M.Á., Garcia-Fernandez, L. et al (2018). Living with disabling chronic pain: results from a face-to-face cross-sectional population-based study. BMJ Open, 8:e020913.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and associations of stress and burnout among staff in long-term care facilities for people with dementia

Costello, H., Walsh, S., Cooper, C., Livingston, G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Care home staff stress and burnout may be related to high turnover and associated with poorer quality care. We systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies reporting stress and burnout and associated factors in staff for people living with dementia in long-term care. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science databases, and CINAHL database from January 2009 to August 2017. Two raters independently rated study validity using standardized criteria. We meta-analyzed burnout scores across comparable studies using a random effects model. Results: 17/2854 identified studies met inclusion criteria. Eight of the nine studies reporting mean Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scores found low or moderate burnout levels. Meta-analysis of four studies using the 22-item MBI (n = 598) found moderate emotional exhaustion levels (mean 18.34, 95% Confidence Intervals 14.59–22.10), low depersonalization (6.29, 2.39–10.19), and moderate personal accomplishment (33.29, 20.13–46.46). All three studies examining mental health-related quality of life reported lower levels in carer age and sex matched populations. Staff factors associated with higher burnout and stress included: lower job satisfaction, lower perceived adequacy of staffing levels, poor care home environment, feeling unsupported, rating home leadership as poor and caring for residents exhibiting agitated behavior. There was preliminary evidence that speaking English as a first language and working shifts were associated with lower burnout levels. Conclusions: Most care staff for long-term care residents with dementia experience low or moderate burnout levels. Prospective studies of care staff burnout and stress are required to clarify its relationship to staff turnover and potentially modifiable risk factors.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

Referens

Costello, H., Walsh, S., Cooper, C., Livingston, G. (2018). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and associations of stress and burnout among staff in long-term care facilities for people with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 31(8), 1203-1216.

Factors Associated with Satisfaction of Hospital Physicians: A Systematic Review on European Data

Domagała, A., Bała, M.M., Storman, D., Peña-Sánchez, J.N., Swierz, M.J., Kaczmarczyk, M., Storman, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Physician satisfaction is a multidimensional concept related to many factors. Despite the wide range of research regarding factors affecting physician satisfaction in different European countries, there is a lack of literature reviews analyzing and summarizing current evidence. The aimof the article is to synthetize the literature studying the factors associated with physician satisfaction. Methods: We searched: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to January 2017. The eligibility criteria included: (1) target population: physicians working in European hospitals; (2) quantitative research aimed at assessing physician satisfaction and associated factors; (3) use of validated tools. We performed a narrative synthesis. Results: After screening 8585 records, 368 full text articles were independently checked and finally 24 studies were included for qualitative analysis. The included studies surveyed 20,000 doctors from 12 European countries. The tools and scales used in the analyzed research to measure physician satisfaction varied to a large extent. We extracted all pre-specified factors, reported as statistically significant/non-significant. Analyzed factors were divided into three groups: personal, intrinsic and contextual factors. The majority of factors are modifiable and positively associated with characteristics of contextual factors, such as work-place setting/work environment. In the group of work-place related factors, quality of management/leadership, opportunity for professional development and colleague support have been deemed statistically significant in numerous studies. Conclusions: We identified more studies appraising the effect of contextual factors (such as work environment, work-place characteristics), highlighting a positive association between those factors and physician satisfaction, compared with personal and intrinsic factors. Numerous studies confirmed statistically significant associations between physician satisfaction and quality of management, professional development and colleague support/team climate. Due to the health workforce crisis, knowledge regarding physician satisfaction and associated factors is essential to healthcare managers and policy makers for more stable human resources management.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Europa

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph15112546

Referens

Domagała, A., Bała, M.M., Storman, D., Peña-Sánchez, J.N., Swierz, M.J., Kaczmarczyk, M., Storman, M. (2018). Factors Associated with Satisfaction of Hospital Physicians: A Systematic Review on European Data. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 15, 2546.

Effects of a Participatory Ergonomics Intervention With Wearable Technical Measurements of Physical Workload in the Construction Industry: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Brandt, M., Madeleine, P., Samani, A., Ajslev, J.Z., Jakobsen, M.D., Sundstrup, E., Andersen, L.L.

Sammanfattning

Background: Construction work frequently involves heavy physical work, and a reduction of the physical workload should have high priority. Technological development has made it possible to obtain field measurements with surface electromyography (sEMG), kinematics measured with inertial measurement units (IMUs), and video recordings. However, no studies have used these methods simultaneously to detect situations with excessive physical workload (events) during a working day. Thus, knowledge about these specific events may combat work-related risk factors. Participatory ergonomics (PE) has shown promising results, but whether it can be used as a tool to reduce the physical workload during construction work remains unknown. Objective: This cluster randomized controlled trial investigated whether a PE intervention with technical measurements consisting of IMUs, sEMG, heart rate monitoring, and video recordings of physical workload could reduce the number of events with excessive physical workload during a working day. Furthermore, other outcomes were obtained from questionnaires. Methods: A total of 80 male full-time construction workers (aged 19 to 67 years) were randomized at the cluster level (gang) to a PE intervention consisting of 3 workshops (7 gangs and 32 workers) or to a control group (8 gangs and 48 workers). The physical workload was recorded by technical measurements, that is, IMUs, sEMG, heart rate monitoring, and video recordings during a full working day at baseline and 3 and 6 months’ follow-up. On the basis of the technical measurements, a custom-made computer program detected the situations (events) where the construction workers were exposed to excessive physical workload and used in the intervention. Differences in the number of events from baseline to follow-up between intervention and control were evaluated using linear mixed models (intention-to-treat), with individual nested in cluster as a random factor. Furthermore, questionnaires were filled out on test days. Results: The results of the primary outcome showed no change in the number of events with excessive physical workload. However, compared with the control group, the other outcomes showed decreased general fatigue after a typical working day (P=.001) and increased influence on own work (P=.04). Conclusions: This PE intervention with technical measurements did not reduce the number of events with excessive physical workload during construction work. However, the intervention led to decreased general fatigue and increased influence on own work.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Byggarbetare

DOI

10.2196/10272

Referens

Brandt, M., Madeleine, P., Samani, A., Ajslev, J.Z., Jakobsen, M.D., Sundstrup, E., Andersen, L.L. (2018). Effects of a Participatory Ergonomics Intervention With Wearable Technical Measurements of Physical Workload in the Construction Industry: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res, Vol 20, No 12:e10272.

Effects of a Multimodal Program Including Simulation on Job Strain Among NursesWorking in Intensive Care Units. A Randomized Clinical Trial

El Khamali, R. et al.

Sammanfattning

Importance: Nurses working in an intensive care unit (ICU) are exposed to occupational stressors that can increase the risk of stress reactions, long-term absenteeism, and turnover. Objective: To evaluate the effects of a program including simulation in reducing work-related stress and work-related outcomes among ICU nurses.Design, Setting, and Participants: Multicenter randomized clinical trial performed at 8 adult ICUs in France from February 8, 2016, through April 29, 2017. A total of 198 ICU nurses were included and followed up for 1 year until April 30, 2018. Interventions: The ICU nurses who had at least 6 months of ICU experience were randomized to the intervention group (n = 101) or to the control group (n = 97). The nurses randomized to the intervention group received a 5-day course involving a nursing theory recap and situational role-play using simulated scenarios (based on technical dexterity, clinical approach, decision making, aptitude to teamwork, and task prioritization), which were followed by debriefing sessions on attitude and discussion of practices. Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcomewas the prevalence of job strain assessed by combining a psychological demand score greater than 21 (score range, 9 [best] to 36 [worst]) with a decision latitude score less than 72 (score range, 24 [worst] to 96 [best]) using the Job Content Questionnaire and evaluated at 6 months. There were 7 secondary outcomes including absenteeism and turnover. Results: Among 198 ICU nurses who were randomized (95 aged 30 years [48%] and 115 women [58%]), 182 (92%) completed the trial for the primary outcome. The trial was stopped for efficacy at the scheduled interim analysis after enrollment of 198 participants. The prevalence of job strain at 6 months was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (13%vs 67%, respectively; between-group difference, 54%[95%CI, 40%-64%]; P < .001). Absenteeism during the 6-month follow-up period was 1%in the intervention group compared with 8%in the control group (between-group difference, 7% [95%CI, 1%-15%]; P = .03). Four nurses (4%) from the intervention group left the ICU during the 6-month follow-up period compared with 12 nurses (12%) from the control group (between-group difference, 8%[95%CI, 0%-17%]; P = .04). Conclusions and relevance: Among ICU nurses, an intervention that included education, role-play, and debriefing resulted in a lower prevalence of job strain at 6 months compared with nurses who did not undergo this program. Further research is needed to understand which components of the program may have contributed to this result and to evaluate whether this program is cost-effective.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1001/jama.2018.14284

Referens

El Khamali, R. et al. (2018). Effects of a Multimodal Program Including Simulation on Job Strain Among NursesWorking in Intensive Care Units. A Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association.

The Influence of Personality Traits on Life Satisfaction Through Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction among Academic Faculty Members

Blatný, M., Květon, P., Jelínek, M., Šolcová, I., Zábrodská, K., et al.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this study was to examine both direct and indirect associations of the personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism and conscientiousness with life satisfaction through work engagement and job satisfaction. The study population consisted of 2229 academics (57.1% men) throughout Czech public universities, who completed a questionnaire comprising measures of employee personality traits (BFI-10), work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale short form), job satisfaction (job satisfaction short scale from the COPSOQ-II) and general life satisfaction (Satisfaction With Life Scale). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships. The strongest predictor of life satisfaction was neuroticism, the effect of which manifested itself through both direct and indirect pathways. Extraversion and conscientiousness had positive indirect influences on job satisfaction through work engagement, but their direct influences on job satisfaction were negative. While extraversion also had a direct influence on life satisfaction, conscientiousness did not directly influence life satisfaction.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tjeckien

Yrken

Akademiker

Referens

Blatný, M., Květon, P., Jelínek, M., Šolcová, I., Zábrodská, K., et al. (2018). The Influence of Personality Traits on Life Satisfaction Through Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction among Academic Faculty Members. Studia Psychologica, Vol. 60, No. 4, 274-286.

Prognostic effects of selection, optimization and compensation strategies on work ability: results from the representative lidA cohort study on work, age, and health in Germany

Weber, J., Müller, A., Stiller, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Regarding the increased need for the retention of older employees in the workforce, this study investigates whether there are main and interactive longitudinal effects of selection, optimization, compensation and working conditions according to the job demand–control model on work ability in older employees. Methods: Longitudinal data of computer-assisted personal interviews with one follow-up after 3 years of 3961 participants (born in 1959 and 1965) of the representative German lidA cohort study was used. Multiple linear regressions were performed, analyzing prospective main and interactive effects of selection, optimization, compensation and working conditions during baseline on perceived work ability at follow-up. Results: Regarding selection, optimization and compensation, only compensation had a positive, but weak effect on work ability. Working conditions were more strongly related to work ability: decision authority and skill discretion had independent positive and job demands had independent negative effects on work ability. One interaction effect was observed between loss-based selection and decision authority, such that they mutually enhanced their positive effects on work ability. Only few and weak interactions among the sub-strategies, selection, optimization and compensation, were observed. Conclusions: Results indicate that especially favorable working conditions in terms of high job control and low job demands, but also compensation might help older employees to maintain work ability.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Weber, J., Müller, A., Stiller, M. et al. (2018). Prognostic effects of selection, optimization and compensation strategies on work ability: results from the representative lidA cohort study on work, age, and health in Germany. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 91, Issue 8, pp 1061–1071.

Work-unit social capital and long-term sickness absence: a prospective cohort study of 32 053 hospital employees

Török, E., Clark, A.J., Jensen, J.H., et al

Sammanfattning

Objective: There is a lack of studies investigating social capital at the workplace level in small and relatively homogeneous work-units. The aim of the study was to investigate whether work-unit social capital predicts a lower risk of individual long-term sickness absence among Danish hospital employees followed prospectively for 1 year. Methods: This study is based on the Well-being in HospitAL Employees cohort. The study sample consisted of 32 053 individuals nested within 2182 work-units in the Capital Region of Denmark. Work-unit social capital was measured with an eight-item scale covering elements of trust, justice and collaboration between employees and leaders. Social capital at the work-unit level was computed as the aggregated mean of individual-level social capital within each work-unit. Data on long-term sickness absence were retrieved from the employers’ payroll system and were operationalised as ≥29 consecutive days of sickness absence. We used a 12-point difference in social capital as the metric in our analyses and conducted two-level hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Adjustments were made for sex, age, seniority, occupational group and part-time work at the individual level, and work-unit size, the proportion of female employees and the proportion of part-time work at the work-unit level. Results: The OR for long-term sickness absence associated with a 12-point higher work-unit social capital was 0.73 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.78). Further, we found an association between higher work-unit social capital and lower long-term sickness absence across quartiles of social capital: compared with the lowest quartile, the OR for long-term sickness absence in the highest quartile was 0.51 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.60). Conclusion: Our study provides support for work-unit social capital being a protective factor for individual long-term sickness absence among hospital employees in the Capital Region of Denmark.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

Referens

Török, E., Clark, A.J., Jensen, J.H., et al (2018). Work-unit social capital and long-term sickness absence: a prospective cohort study of 32 053 hospital employees. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75:623-629.

Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Risk of Long-Term Sickness Absence: Prospective Cohort Study among Workers with Musculoskeletal Pain

Jay, K., Thorsen, S. V., Sundstrup, E., Aiguadé, R., Casaña, J., Calatayud, J. & Andersen, L. L [Lars Louis]

Sammanfattning

Background and Objective: Musculoskeletal pain is common in the population. Negative beliefs about musculoskeletal pain and physical activity may lead to avoidance behavior resulting in absence fromwork. The present study investigates the influence of fear avoidance beliefs on long-term sickness absence. Methods: Workers of the general working population with musculoskeletal pain (low back, neck/shoulder, and/or arm/hand pain; n = 8319) from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study were included. Longterm sickness absence data were obtained from the Danish Register for Evaluation and Marginalization (DREAM). Time-to-event analyses (cox regression) controlled for various confounders estimated the association between fear avoidance beliefs (very low, low, moderate [reference category], high, and very high) at baseline and long-term sickness absence (LTSA; ≥6 consecutive weeks) during a 2-year follow-up. Results: During the 2-year follow-up, 10.2% of the workers experienced long-term sickness absence. In the fully adjusted model, very high-level fear avoidance increased the risk of LTSA with hazard ratio (HR) of 1.48 (95%CI 1.15-1.90). Similar results were seen analyses stratified for occupational physical activity, i.e., sedentary workers (HR 1.72 (95% CI 1.04-2.83)) and physically active workers (HR 1.48 (95% CI 1.10-2.01)). Conclusion: A very high level of fear avoidance is a risk factor for longterm sickness absence among workers with musculoskeletal pain regardless of the level of occupational physical activity. Future interventions should target fear avoidance beliefs through information and campaigns about the benefits of staying active when having musculoskeletal pain.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Jay, K., Thorsen, S. V., Sundstrup, E., Aiguadé, R., Casaña, J., Calatayud, J. & Andersen, L. L [Lars Louis] (2018). Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Risk of Long-Term Sickness Absence: Prospective Cohort Study among Workers with Musculoskeletal Pain. Pain Research and Treatment, Vol 18.

Physical work demands and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of musculoskeletal pain: a cohort study comparing self-reported and job exposure matrix measurements

Madsen, I.E.H., Gupta, N., Budtz-Jørgensen, E., et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Determining exposure to occupational factors by workers’ job titles is extensively used in epidemiological research. However, the correspondence of findings regarding associations to health between job exposure matrices (JEMs) and individual-level exposure data is largely unknown. We set out to examine the prospective associations of physical work demands and psychosocial working conditions with musculoskeletal pain, comparing JEMs with individual-level self-reported exposures. Methods: We analysed data of 8132 participants from the Work Environment and Health in Denmark cohort study. Using random intercept multilevel modelling, we constructed age-specific and sex-specific JEMs estimating predicted exposures in job groups. We analysed associations between working conditions (individual and JEM level) at baseline and musculoskeletal pain at follow-up using multilevel modelling stratified by sex, adjusting for age, education and baseline pain. Results: Any consistent associations present in the individual-level analysis were also found in the JEM-level analysis. Higher pain levels at follow-up was seen for employees with higher baseline physical work demands, women exposed to violence and men with lower decision authority, whether measured at the individual or JEM level. Higher JEM-level quantitative demands were associated with less pain, but no association was seen at the individual level. Conclusions: We found predominately comparable prospective associations between working conditions and pain, whether using JEMs or individual level exposures, with the exception of quantitative demands. The results suggest that, with few notable exceptions, findings obtained using JEMs may be comparable with those obtained when using self-reported exposures.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Madsen, I.E.H., Gupta, N., Budtz-Jørgensen, E., et al (2018). Physical work demands and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of musculoskeletal pain: a cohort study comparing self-reported and job exposure matrix measurements. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75:752-758.

Long-term sickness absence from combined factors related to physical work demands: prospective cohort study

Andersen, L. L., Thorsen, V. S., Flyvholm, M.-A., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The working environment plays an important role in public health. This study investigates the risk for long-term sickness absence (LTSA) from the combination of factors related to physical work demands. Methods: Employees (n = 22 740) of the general population (the Danish Work Environment & Health study 2012) were followed for two years in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalisation. Using Cox regression analyses we determined the risk of LTSA from four factors; (i) physical work demands, (ii) physical exertion during work, (iii) fatigue after work and (iv) work-limiting pain. Results: During follow-up 10.2% experienced LTSA. Each of the four factors increased the risk of LTSA with hazard ratios (HR) ranging from 1.30 to 1.57. Scoring high on one (30.3% of the respondents), two (24.4%), three (19.9%) and all four factors (9.2%) gradually increased the risk of LTSA (HR’s of 1.39 [95% CI 1.16–1.66], 1.66 [95% CI 1.39–1.99], 1.90 [95% CI 1.57–2.29] and 3.02 [95% CI 2.47–3.68], respectively). Risk estimates remained robust in stratified analyses of age, sex and socioeconomic position. Population attributable fractions were high across all subgroups; 39% (general population), 36% (younger workers), 45% (older workers), 36% (men), 41% (women), 30% (higher socioeconomic position) and 45% (lower socioeconomic position). Conclusion: The risk of LTSA gradually increased with number of factors related to high physical work demands, underlining the importance of targeting combined factors in risk assessment and preventive interventions.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Thorsen, V. S., Flyvholm, M.-A., Holtermann, A. (2018). Long-term sickness absence from combined factors related to physical work demands: prospective cohort study. European Journal of Public Health, Volume 28, Issue 5, Pages 824–829.

Using the job demands-resources approach to assess employee well-being in healthcare

Tomo, A., De Simone, S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of this study is to advance a model to assess the overall level of well-being within healthcare organizations. Design/methodology/approach: The paper employs a job demands-resources approach by considering the multilevel model of employee well-being as theoretical framework, integrated with personal resources and health indicators. A specific case is built in the Italian context, with empirical data gathered from three Italian peadiatric hospitals belonging to the same healthcare organizations. Findings: Results show that the job demand-resource model may well explain differences in the work environment, and that personality enables coping with negative effects of work environment settings. Originality/value: The paper contributes to extending the literature on well-being and the management of healthcare organizations, by providing interesting insights on the multilevel model of employee well-being. It also has interesting academic and practical implications, since it tries to put forward a model to assess employee well-being and provides an empirical application of a well-known theoretical model.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Tomo, A., De Simone, S. (2018). Using the job demands-resources approach to assess employee well-being in healthcare. Health Services Management Research, 32(2), 58–68.

Linking quantitative demands to offshore wind workers’ stress: do personal and job resources matter? A structural equation modelling approach

Mette, J., Velasco Garrido, M., Preisser, A. M., Harth, V., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Employees in the offshore wind industry are exposed to various job demands, increasing the workers’ risk of experiencing strain reactions. However, personal and job resources might play a role in the stressor-strain context. The aim of this study was (1) to examine the link between offshore employees’ quantitative demands and stress, and (2) to study the role of personal and job resources (psychological detachment from work, social support, and influence at work) in this stressor-strain relationship. Methods: Two hundred fifty offshore wind workers responded to an anonymous web-based survey, assessing the workers’ quantitative demands, social support, influence at work, psychological detachment from work, and stress. Descriptive statistical analyses and structural equation modelling were applied to test the hypotheses. Results: Correlation analyses revealed substantial associations between employees’ quantitative demands, personal and job resources, and stress. Results of structural equation modelling indicated a good fit of the hypothesized model. Quantitative demands were positively related to stress, and psychological detachment from work partially mediated this relationship. Social support was negatively related to stress, while influence at work was not. Neither social support nor influence at work moderated the stressor-strain or stressor-detachment relationship. Conclusions: The results contribute to the current knowledge on the topic. They can be used to design health promotion interventions aimed at reducing offshore employees’ quantitative demands, fostering their ability to mentally detach from work, and enhancing social support at the offshore workplace.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Referens

Mette, J., Velasco Garrido, M., Preisser, A. M., Harth, V., Mache, S. (2018). Linking quantitative demands to offshore wind workers’ stress: do personal and job resources matter? A structural equation modelling approach. BMC Public Health, 18.

Prevalence, associated factors and reasons for sickness presenteeism: a cross-sectional nationally representative study of salaried workers in Spain, 2016

Navarro, A., Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., et al

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sickness presenteeism (SP), its associated factors and the reasons given for SP episodes, among the overall salaried population and excluding the ‘healthy’ workers. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Salaried population in Spain. Participants: Data were obtained from the third Spanish Psychosocial Risks Survey (2016), carried out between October and December 2016, n=1615. Main outcome measures: Self-reported episodes of SP and their reasons. Results: 23.0% (95% CI 19.2 to 26.8) of the workers exhibit SP, whereas among those manifesting having had some health problem in the preceding year, the figure was 53.0% (95% CI 46.9 to 59.1). The factors associated with SP when we study all workers are age, seniority, salary structure, working more than 48 hours, the contribution of worker’s wage to the total household income and downsizing; factors among the ‘unhealthy’ workers are working more than 48 hours and not having a contract. The most common reason for SP is ‘did not want to burden my colleagues’, 45.7% (95% CI 37.3 to 54.4), whereas ‘I could not afford it for economic reasons’ ranked third, 35.9% (29.4% to 42.9%), and 27.5% (21.3% to 34.6%) of the workers report ‘worried about being laid off’ as a reason for going to work despite being ill. Conclusions: The estimated frequency of SP in Spain is lower than certain other countries, such as the Scandinavian countries. The factors associated vary depending on the population analysed (all workers or excluding ‘healthy’ workers). The reason ‘I was worried about being laid off’ was much more common than the estimates for Sweden or Norway.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Navarro, A., Salas-Nicás, S., Moncada, S., et al (2018). Prevalence, associated factors and reasons for sickness presenteeism: a cross-sectional nationally representative study of salaried workers in Spain, 2016. BMJ Open, 8:e021212.

Managerial Practices to Reduce Psychosocial Risk Exposure: A Competency‐Based Approach

St‐Hilaire, F., Gilbert, M.‐H., Lefebvre, R.

Sammanfattning

This paper aims to identify the behaviours a manager can use to reduce subordinates' exposure to psychosocial risks. Although leadership appears significant in the prediction of employees' mental health, recent studies tend to emphasize the importance of managers' behaviours without identifying them concretely. To create an inventory of specific management behaviours, two qualitative studies, involving 210 workers (in Quebec and in France) were conducted. Semi‐directed interviews were used with managers and subordinates to identify management behaviours associated with psychosocial risks. Results show a taxonomy of 92 behaviours grouped into 24 competencies and eight broad themes. The results define the role for managers in supporting the mental health of their subordinates more concretely.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada, Frankrike

Yrken

Chefer

Referens

St‐Hilaire, F., Gilbert, M.‐H., Lefebvre, R. (2018). Managerial Practices to Reduce Psychosocial Risk Exposure: A Competency‐Based Approach. Can J Adm Sci, 35: 535– 550.

Increasing return-to-work among people on sick leave due to common mental disorders: design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a problem-solving intervention versus care-as-usual conducted in the Swedish primary health care system (PROSA)

Björk Brämberg, E., Holmgren, K. Bültmann, U., Gyllensten, H., Hagberg, J., Sandman, L., Bergström, G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Common mental disorders affect about one-third of the European working-age population and are one of the leading causes of sick leave in Sweden and other OECD countries. Besides the individual suffering, the costs for society are high. This paper describes the design of a study to evaluate a work-related, problem-solving intervention provided at primary health care centers for employees on sick leave due to common mental disorders. Methods: The study has a two-armed cluster randomized design in which the participating rehabilitation coordinators are randomized into delivering the intervention or providing care-as-usual. Employees on sick leave due to common mental disorders will be recruited by an independent research assistant. The intervention aims to improve the employee’s return-to-work process by identifying problems perceived as hindering return-to-work and finding solutions. The rehabilitation coordinator facilitates a participatory approach, in which the employee and the employer together identify obstacles and solutions in relation to the work situation. The primary outcome is total number of sick leave days during the 18-month follow-up after inclusion. A long-term follow-up at 36 months is planned. Secondary outcomes are short-term sick leave (min. 2 weeks and max. 12 weeks), psychological symptoms, work ability, presenteeism and health related quality of life assessed at baseline, 6 and 12-month follow-up. Intervention fidelity, reach, dose delivered and dose received will be examined in a process evaluation. An economic evaluation will put health-related quality of life and sick leave in relation to costs from the perspectives of society and health care services. A parallel ethical evaluation will focus on the interventions consequences for patient autonomy, privacy, equality, fairness and professional ethos and integrity. Discussion: The study is a pragmatic trial which will include analyses of the intervention’s effectiveness, and a process evaluation in primary health care settings. Methodological strengths and challenges are discussed, such as the risk of selection bias, contamination and detection bias. If the intervention shows promising results for return-to-work, the prospects are good for implementing the intervention in routine primary health care.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-018-5816-8

Referens

Björk Brämberg, E., Holmgren, K. Bültmann, U., Gyllensten, H., Hagberg, J., Sandman, L., Bergström, G. (2018). Increasing return-to-work among people on sick leave due to common mental disorders: design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a problem-solving intervention versus care-as-usual conducted in the Swedish primary health care system (PROSA). BMC Public Health, 18 (1).

Working conditions, job satisfaction and challenging encounters in dentistry: a cross‐sectional study

Goetz, K., Schuldei, R., Steinhäuser, J.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate job satisfaction, challenging encounters and work‐related outcomes in dentistry and their association with the work‐related outcomes scales ‘burnout inventory’, ‘general life satisfaction’ and ‘cognitive stress symptoms’. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was based on the results of a questionnaire administered to a sample of 1,811 dentists in the German federal state of Schleswig‐Holstein. Besides sociodemographic data and practice characteristics, topics such as challenging patient traits and job satisfaction, and three work‐related outcome scales, were evaluated. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analyses were computed to explore potential associations with the three work‐related outcome scales. Results: A response rate of 35.2% (638/1,811 participants) was observed for this study. Dentists described that 25% of their patients were challenging. The highest rate was found for ‘aggressive patients’ and the lowest rate for ‘anxious patients’. The proportion of challenging patient traits was significantly correlated with the three work‐related outcomes whereby the highest significant correlation was observed for ‘burnout inventory’. Conclusions: As shown by our results, the higher perception of the proportion of anxious patients, the higher the risk of burnout. Therefore, special management of the treatment of anxious patients is necessary, which could have a positive implication on the perceived work‐related stress. A crucial aspect for well‐being at work as a dentist (besides job satisfaction and work‐related aspects) is the evaluation of what kind of patients result in a challenging encounter.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1111/idj.12414

Referens

Goetz, K., Schuldei, R., Steinhäuser, J. (2018). Working conditions, job satisfaction and challenging encounters in dentistry: a cross‐sectional study. Int Dent J, 69: 44-49.

Working hours and depressive symptoms: the role of job stress factors

Yoon, Y., Ryu, J., Kim, H., Kang, C., Jung-Choi, K.

Sammanfattning

Background: South Korea is one of the countries with the longest working hours in the OECD countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of working hours on depressive symptoms and the role of job stress factors between the two variables among employees in South Korea. Methods: This study used data from the Korea Working Conditions Survey in 2014. Study subjects included 23,197 employees aged 19 years or older who work more than 35 h per week. Working hours were categorized into 35–39, 40, 41–52, 53–68, and more than 68 h per week. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the WHO’s Well-Being Index with a cut-off score of 13. We calculated prevalence ratios of depressive symptoms according to working hours using log-binomial regression. Through the percentage change in prevalence ratios, we identified the extent of the role of job stress factors that explain depressive symptoms. Results: The risks of depressive symptoms were significantly higher in people who worked 35–39 h per week (PR: 1.09, CI: 1.01–1.18), 53–68 h/week (PR: 1.21, CI: 1.16–1.25), and more than 68 h/week (PR: 1.14, CI: 1.07–1.21) than 40 h/week, after adjusting for confounding variables. Job stress explained the effects of long working hours on depressive symptoms in about 20–40% of the groups working more than 40 h/week. Among the factors of job stress, social support was 10–30%, which showed the highest explanatory power in all working hours. Reward explained 15–30% in the more than 52 h working group, and reward was the most important factor in the working group that exceeded 68 h. Conclusions: We showed the working hours could be an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms in employees. To improve workers’ mental health, it is important to strengthen social support in the workplace, to provide adequate rewards as they work, and ultimately to regulate the appropriate amount of working hours.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Yoon, Y., Ryu, J., Kim, H., Kang, C., Jung-Choi, K. (2018). Working hours and depressive symptoms: the role of job stress factors. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

Impact of workplace bullying on missed nursing care and quality of care in the eldercare sector

Hogh, A., Baernholdt, M., Clausen, T.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To analyze the long-term impact of bullying among healthcare providers (T1) on missed nursing care and quality of care 2 years later (T2) and to test the potential mediating effect of affective organizational commitment. Methods: Survey data from healthcare providers in the eldercare sector in 2006 (T1) and 2008 (T2). At T1, 9212 employees participated in the survey and 5202 participated in both T1 and T2. Including only participants who were directly engaged in the provision of care yielded 4000 providers, who were employed in 268 workgroups at T1 and T2. Associations between exposure to bullying (predictor) and the two outcomes (missed nursing care and quality of care) were investigated using multi-level linear regression analysis. Included covariates were age, gender, job position, work place and tenure. Results: We found a significant association between workplace bullying at T1 and missed nursing care at T2 but not for quality of care at T2. Affective organizational commitment did not mediate the association between bullying and the two outcomes. However, affective organizational commitment at T1 was associated with quality of care at T2. Conclusion: Exposure to bullying at work may cause the provider to miss nursing care for clients. To improve, care administrators should consider implementing bullying prevention strategies at three levels: organizational, work group and individual.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Hogh, A., Baernholdt, M., Clausen, T. (2018). Impact of workplace bullying on missed nursing care and quality of care in the eldercare sector. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Volume 91, Issue 8, pp 963–970.

Satisfaction of physicians working in hospitals within the European Union: state of the evidence based on systematic review

Domagała, A., Bała M. M., Peña-Sánchez, J. N., Storman, D., Świerz, J. M., Kaczmarczyk, M., Storman, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Despite the wide range of studies concerning physician satisfaction in different European countries, there is a lack of literature reviews synthesizing and analyzing current evidence evaluating satisfaction of physicians working in European hospitals. The goal of our research was to provide a general overview of the studies in this area and their results. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to January 2017 including both MESH/Emtree terms and free text words related to the subject with no language restrictions. The eligibility criteria included: (i) target population: physicians working in European hospitals, (ii) quantitative research aimed at assessing physician satisfaction and (iii) validated tools. We performed a narrative synthesis and meta-analysis. Results: A total of 8585 abstracts and 368 full text articles were independently screened by 2 reviewers against inclusion/exclusion criteria. Finally 61 studies were eligible for qualitative analysis. Included studies enrolled a total of 50 001 physicians from 17 countries. Sample sizes varied between 54 and 7090 participants (median: 336). According to our review ∼59% of physicians working in European hospitals are overall satisfied, 3.54 was the mean satisfaction among studies reporting data on a scale from 1 to 5, 4.81 for studies with a scale from 1 to 7, 6.12 among studies reporting data on a scale from 1 to 10, and 59.65 among studies with a scale from 0 to 100. Conclusions: The level of physician satisfaction in Europe is moderate. There is a large variety of tools and scales used to assess it.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Europa

Yrken

Ej relevant

Referens

Domagała, A., Bała M. M., Peña-Sánchez, J. N., Storman, D., Świerz, J. M., Kaczmarczyk, M., Storman, M. (2018). Satisfaction of physicians working in hospitals within the European Union: state of the evidence based on systematic review. European Journal of Public Health, Volume 29, Issue 2, Pages 232–241.

Stress and Burnout Syndrome Among Nursing Professinals Working in Nephrology: an Integrative Review

Ruback, S.P., Tavares, J.M.A.B., Lins, S.M.S.B., et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The chronic work-related stress can lead to burnout syndrome development. Nurses working in nephrology are also predisposed to the occurrence of stress and burnout. Objectives: The study’s goal has been to identify the scientific production related to burnout and stress in nephrology nursing workers; and also, discussing the risk factors with regard to burnout and stress in nephrology nursing. Methods: This is an integrative review. The sampling was composed by 5,253 articles, which after refinement gave 13 complete articles. Results: From those 13 articles, 8 presented high levels of stress and/or burnout among nurses in the hemodialysis sector, and 5 indicated that burnout was either below the average of the origin countries or compared to other health care sectors. Conclusion: Given the results, it is expected to amplify the scientific vision toward the issues of stress and burnout syndrome in nursing professionals working in nephrology by identifying the factors that may influence the health care.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

Referens

Ruback, S.P., Tavares, J.M.A.B., Lins, S.M.S.B., et al. (2018). Stress and Burnout Syndrome Among Nursing Professinals Working in Nephrology: an Integrative Review. Rev Fund Care Online, 10(3):889-899.

I know you are suffering from burnout: The moderated mediation effects of "leisure benefits" and "leisure coping" on the burnout model of flight attendants

Cheng, T.-M., Chang, S.-Y., Chan, Y.-Y.

Sammanfattning

Is leisure the best policy in work? This study explored the moderated mediation effects of the leisure benefit systems organized by airline companies and the leisure coping strategies adopted by the flight attendants themselves on the model of "job demands—burnout—health problems." This study distributed questionnaires to 362 flight attendants and used hierarchical regression analysis and process analysis to verify its hypotheses. The results of this study reveal that the mediation model of "job demands—burnout—health problems" is obvious. The moderated mediation effect on the mediation model implies that leisure benefit systems will weaken the relationship between job demands and burnout and then improve health problems. Leisure coping strategies will ease the relationship between burnout and health problems, while indirectly weakening "job demands—burnout—health problems." Finally, this study proposed several management suggestions for airline companies to promote leisure benefit systems and leisure coping strategies for flight attendants.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Flygvärdinnor

Referens

Cheng, T.-M., Chang, S.-Y., Chan, Y.-Y. (2018). I know you are suffering from burnout: The moderated mediation effects of "leisure benefits" and "leisure coping" on the burnout model of flight attendants. Journal of Air Transport Management, Volume 71, 119-129.

A Supporting Hand In Dealing With Interpersonal Conflicts: The Role Of Interactional Justice

Abas, N.A.H., Otto, K., Ramayah, T.

Sammanfattning

Studying the styles in managing conflicts is critical in preventing the detrimental effects of interpersonal conflicts on employees’ well-being. In a sample of 390 Malaysian public sector subordinates, the relationships between conflict management styles (bargaining and problem solving) and psychological strain (somatic strain and depressive symptoms) was explored. Based on social exchange theory, it was further expected interactional justice to work as a moderator in this relationship, buffering the negative consequences of bargaining styles for subordinates with supervisors whom are having high rather than low interactional justice. Results indicate that bargaining was positively associated with somatic strain, while problem-solving was negatively associated with both somatic strain and depressive symptoms. As hypothesised, the PLS-SEM product moderator indicator approach analysis revealed that perceived interactional justice buffered the negative consequences of bargaining styles on somatic strain and depressive symptoms. This study’s primary novelty is to highlight interactional justice as a “helping hand” protecting against the negative consequences of bargaining styles among subordinates. Consequently, it has a main practical implication for organisational management aimed at sustaining the wellbeing for their manpower.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Abas, N.A.H., Otto, K., Ramayah, T. (2018). A Supporting Hand In Dealing With Interpersonal Conflicts: The Role Of Interactional Justice. Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 23, No. 1, 79–99.

965 Social determinants and gender differences in work-life conflict: the effects of age and marriage

Sahan, C., Demiral, Y.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Work–life conflict (WLC) is defined as ‘…a form of inter-role conflict in which work and family demands are mutually incompatible, meeting demands of both the domains is difficult’ and has become a new topic of research interest. The aim of the study was evaluating social determinants and gender differences in WLC. Methods: The study has been carried out in three workplaces (Call centre, plastic and metal industry) in 807 workers between 01.08.2016 and 01.01.2017. Independent variables were age, gender, maritual status, educational status and occupational class. Dependent variable was WLC. Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-3 were used to evaluate work life conflict. We analysed the association between social determinants and work life conflict by using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Mean age of men and women were 32.1±7.4, 27.2±6.6, respectively. 43.0% were women. WLC was found higher in women (55.9%) than men (42.4%) (p<0.001). White collar, younger and high educated workers had higher risk of having WLC than their reference groups (p<0.05 for all comparisons). Logistic regression analysis revealed that, being younger and married were independently associated with WLC (p<0.05) in women. Being younger was independently associated with WLC (p<0.05) in men. There were no association between educational status or occupational class and WLC in both gender. Conclusion: In this study, an inverse relationship was found between age of the employees and WLC. Marital status is important factor in women but not men in terms of WLC.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Turkiet

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Sahan, C., Demiral, Y. (2018). 965 Social determinants and gender differences in work-life conflict: the effects of age and marriage. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75:A622-A623.

1300 Working conditions in german hospitals- prevention for young physicians and nursing staff in germany

Koch, P., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The implementation of the Diagnose Related Groups-System in Germany has led to substantial work intensification over the years. Due to these structural changes a high dissatisfaction with work and early exit from work especially for nursing staff has been observed in studies. Also physicians working in hospitals complain about their working conditions characterised by not documented overtime, personnel shortage, missing breaks and a perceived lower care quality. With respect to these working conditions, the demographic development of patients and health care workers, young health care workers today are the future potential of the capacity of German hospitals. The following research investigates the working conditions of young physicians and nurses in a joint context. The aim of this study is to detect specific needs for improvement with respect to the collaboration of the two job groups. Methods: The statutory accident insurance of health care workers in Germany (BGW) has the statutory obligation to prevent work- related diseases. In collaboration with two unions and several medical and nursing societies the BGW is performing a large representative survey in September 2017. The study population are young physicians and nurses (≤35 years) working in German hospitals. Access to the field will be attained by the different databases of the union and society members. A randomised sample of 8000 young health care workers will get access to the web-based survey via email. The questionnaire will assess different work-related aspects with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSQ). Other psychosocial factors will be assessed with the Effort-Reward-Imbalance-Questionnaire (ERI). Especially aspects of collaboration of the two job groups and specific needs for improvement that are asked in the questionnaire, will give essential information to build up new strategies to enhance work satisfaction of young health care workers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor, Läkare

Referens

Koch, P., Nienhaus, A. (2018). 1300 Working conditions in german hospitals- prevention for young physicians and nursing staff in germany. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75:A158.

Do Occupational and Patient Safety Culture in Hospitals Share Predictors in the Field of Psychosocial Working Conditions? Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in German University Hospitals

Wagner, A., Hammer, A., Manser, T., Martus, P., Sturm, H., Rieger, M.A.

Sammanfattning

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Wagner, A., Hammer, A., Manser, T., Martus, P., Sturm, H., Rieger, M.A. (2018). Do Occupational and Patient Safety Culture in Hospitals Share Predictors in the Field of Psychosocial Working Conditions? Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in German University Hospitals.

Beyond not bad or just okay: social predictors of young adults’ wellbeing and functioning (a TRAILS study)

Richards, J.S., Hartman, C.A., Jeronimus, B.F., Ormel, J., Reijneveld, S.A., Veenstra, R., Verhulst, F.C., Vollebergh, W.A.M., Oldehinkel, A.J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Various childhood social experiences have been reported to predict adult outcomes. However, it is unclear how different social contexts may influence each other’s effects in the long run. This study examined the joint contribution of adolescent family and peer experiences to young adult wellbeing and functioning. Methods: Participants came from the TRacking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS) study (n = 2230). We measured family and peer relations at ages 11 and 16 (i.e. family functioning, perceived parenting, peer status, peer relationship quality), and functioning as the combination of subjective wellbeing, physical and mental health, and socioacademic functioning at age 22. Using structural equation modelling, overall functioning was indicated by two latent variables for positive and negative functioning. Positive, negative and overall functioning at young adulthood were regressed on adolescent family experiences, peer experiences and interactions between the two. Results: Family experiences during early and mid-adolescence were most predictive for later functioning; peer experiences did not independently predict functioning. Interactions between family and peer experiences showed that both protective and risk factors can have contextdependent effects, being exacerbated or overshadowed by negative experiences or buffered by positive experiences in other contexts. Overall the effect sizes were modest at best. Conclusions: Adolescent family relations as well as the interplay with peer experiences predict young adult functioning. This emphasizes the importance of considering the relative effects of one context in relation to the other.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Richards, J.S., Hartman, C.A., Jeronimus, B.F., Ormel, J., Reijneveld, S.A., Veenstra, R., Verhulst, F.C., Vollebergh, W.A.M., Oldehinkel, A.J. (2018). Beyond not bad or just okay: social predictors of young adults’ wellbeing and functioning (a TRAILS study). Psychological Medicine, 49, 1459–1469.

In pursuit of job satisfaction and happiness: Testing the interactive contribution of emotion‐regulation ability and workplace social support

Mérida‐López, S., Extremera, N., Quintana‐Orts, C., Rey, L.

Sammanfattning

The present study focuses on the interplay of emotion‐regulation ability and perceived workplace social support as predictors of job satisfaction and happiness in a Spanish multi‐occupational sample. A total of 494 working adults (39.4% females) took part in this study. Emotion‐regulation ability and perceived support from colleagues and supervisors were positively associated. In addition, emotion‐regulation ability and perceived support from colleagues and supervisors showed positive associations with job satisfaction and happiness. Furthermore, considering results from moderation analyses, when low levels of perceived workplace social support were reported, the relationship between emotion regulation and both job satisfaction and happiness was stronger than in cases of higher perceived workplace support. In line with previous studies, these findings suggest that training in emotion regulation abilities may take into consideration the potential moderating role of job characteristics such as support from colleagues and supervisors. Finally, theoretical and practical implications of the joint study of these factors in line with the Job Demands‐Resources model and the Emotional Intelligence framework are discussed.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Mérida‐López, S., Extremera, N., Quintana‐Orts, C., Rey, L. (2018). In pursuit of job satisfaction and happiness: Testing the interactive contribution of emotion‐regulation ability and workplace social support. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 60, 59– 66.

Employment status transitions in employees with and without chronic disease in the Netherlands

de Boer, A. G. E. M., Geuskens, G. A., Bültmann, U., Boot, C. R. L., Wind, H., Koppes, L. L. J., Frings-Dresen, M. H. W.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Objectives were to: (1) longitudinally assess transitions in employment status of employees with and without chronic disease; and (2) assess predictors of exit from paid employment. Methods: Transitions in employment status at 1- and 2-year follow-up were assessed in a longitudinal cohort study of employees aged 15–63 years. Generalised estimating equations (GEE) and logistic regression analyses were performed to analyse differences in transitions and identify sociodemographic, health- and work-related predictors. Results: At 1- and 2-year follow-up, 10,038 employees (37% with chronic disease) and 7636 employees responded. Employees with chronic disease had higher probability of leaving paid employment [OR 1.4 (1.1–1.6)] and unemployment, disability pension and early retirement. Employees without chronic disease had higher chance of moving into self-employment or study. At 2-year follow-up, employees with cardiovascular disease (15%), chronic mental disease (11%), diabetes (10%) and musculoskeletal disease (10%), had left paid employment most often. Higher age, poor health, burnout, low co-worker support and chronic disease limitations were predictors for leaving paid employment. Conclusions: Employees with chronic disease leave paid work more often for unfavourable work outcomes.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00038-018-1120-8

Referens

de Boer, A. G. E. M., Geuskens, G. A., Bültmann, U., Boot, C. R. L., Wind, H., Koppes, L. L. J., Frings-Dresen, M. H. W. (2018). Employment status transitions in employees with and without chronic disease in the Netherlands. International Journal of Public Health, Vol 63 (2) 713-722.

The role of resources in the stressor–detachment model

Schulz, A.D., Schöllgen, I., Fay, D.

Sammanfattning

A recent extension of the stressor–detachment model holds that the path running from job stressors via psychological detachment to impairment of well-being is moderated by both personal and job resources (Sonnentag & Fritz, 2015). The aim of the present study was to test this proposition by investigating the moderating role of one personal resource and one job resource (i.e., coworker social support and general self-efficacy, respectively) on the linkage between different job stressors (i.e., workload and role ambiguity), detachment, and well-being. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling using data from a representative survey of the German workforce (N = 3,937 employees, Mage = 46.5 years, 47.5% women). In agreement with previous findings, the results showed that psychological detachment mediated the negative effects of job stressors on well-being. Social support from coworkers buffered the mediation such that the conditional indirect effects of workload and role ambiguity on well-being via detachment were weaker at higher levels of support. General self-efficacy did not moderate the stressor–well-being linkage. These results imply that social support can be considered as a protective factor that helps employees maintain their well-being by alleviating the negative effects of job stressors on their ability to switch off mentally from work.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Schulz, A.D., Schöllgen, I., Fay, D. (2018). The role of resources in the stressor–detachment model. International Journal of Stress Management, Vol 26(3) 306-314.

“Because I am worth it and employable”: A cross-cultural study on self-esteem and employability orientation as personal resources for psychological well-being at work

Lo Presti, A., Törnroos, K., Pluviano, S.

Sammanfattning

Building on the Conservation of Resources (COR) framework (Hobfoll American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524, 1989), employability can be conceived as a personal resource that, similarly to core self-evaluation concepts such as self-esteem, relates favourably to a wide array of both work-related and more general well-being outcomes. We carried out a survey involving 254 Italian and 254 Finnish employees via a self-report questionnaire to investigate whether employability orientation acted as a mediator on the well-established relationship between self-esteem and psychological well-being. Results indicated that self-esteem was positively associated with employability orientation; moreover, country moderated such relationship, given that the association between these two variables was stronger among Italian than Finnish employees. Furthermore, self-esteem predicted different facets of psychological well-being at work (job satisfaction, vigour, emotional exhaustion, psychological symptoms) in both countries. We investigated both the mediated effect of employability orientation on the association between self-esteem and psychological well-being and the possible moderating effect originated by the country of origin of respondents. In several cases, employability orientation partly mediated the effects of self-esteem on psychological well-being. Findings confirm self-esteem and employability to be personal resources that are likely to affect positively psychological well-being at work.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Finland, Italien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Lo Presti, A., Törnroos, K., Pluviano, S. (2018). “Because I am worth it and employable”: A cross-cultural study on self-esteem and employability orientation as personal resources for psychological well-being at work. Current Psychology, pp 1-13.

Overview on the burnout rate of Romanian farmers

Zaharia, I., Reissig, L., Fîntîneru, G., Iorga, A. M.

Sammanfattning

Romanian farmers' burnout rate is investigated through a questionnaire for explorative studies to cover the most commune influences on burnout, integrating original items with selective scales from COPSOQ II. The sample (n=241) joins men 65% and women 35% predominantly aged 40-54 years, medium studies, living in partnership, practicing conventional type of farming within rural areas mainly from 5/8 Romanian development regions, surface of farms lower than 10 ha 57% and 50+ha 23%, ownership of the farm "owner" 50% and "both partners owner" 30%; 58% of the respondents are farm manager, 61% work full-time within the farm. Top 5 (agricultural) pressure factors are: extreme weather events, managerial responsibility, economic pressure, heavy financial burden, lack of leisure. Within the burnout rate (8%), by gender females are almost three times more exposed comparing with males; the most exposed age category is 55-65 years; by double-pressure those who are not in this category are higher compromised (9%) than the others (5%) - which could be interpreted as more work, up to a certain level, involves more engagement and motivation so less chances for burnout and/or depression.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Rumänien

Yrken

Lantbrukare

Referens

Zaharia, I., Reissig, L., Fîntîneru, G., Iorga, A. M. (2018). Overview on the burnout rate of Romanian farmers. AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol.7 No.1 pp.156-166 ref.26.

Hybrid tool for occupational health risk assessment and fugitive emissions control in chemical processes based on the source, path and receptor concept

Yousef, A., Alhamdani, H. M., Hassim, M. S., Shaik, A. J. A.

Sammanfattning

Fugitive emissions are unavoidable releases that occur continuously throughout a process plant or wherever there are connections or seals between the process fluids and the external environment. The daily exposure of workers to such emissions, typically spread across an entire chemical plant, poses a serious threat to their health and safety. Previous works have focused on assessing the occupational health risks in chemical plants through indexes such as the inherent occupational health index and the integrated inherent safety index. The indexes serve as good proxy indicators for potential sources of occupational hazards (chemicals, process conditions) and process equipment. However, by considering the Source-Path-Receptor (SPR) model, the eventual health risk is also dependent on the path and receptor, where a potential leakage and exposure can occur, respectively. Typically, chemical plants are fitted with controls and mitigation measures known as protection layers (PL) to control hazards. Hence, the occupational health risks in chemical plants due to fugitive emissions require a more holistic methodology for assessment and evaluation. Therefore, a hybrid framework for assessing the occupational health risks from fugitive emissions was developed by adopting and integrating the concepts of source-path-receptor, layers of protection and hierarchy of control. The generic protection layers identified were classified according to the traditional hierarchy of controls. At the source, the protection layers identified were hazard elimination/substitution, inherently safer design, and engineering controls. Next, the maintenance and equipment reliability were identified as PL along the exposure path. Finally, at the receptor, worker-exposure was linked to management systems, procedural safety behaviour and culture. Therefore, the proposed methodology can be used for benchmarking and performance tracking of occupational health risk in a chemical plant over time, as the methodology includes the time-varying parameters of plant maintenance, management system compliance, safety behaviour and culture.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Kemisk fabriksarbetare

Referens

Yousef, A., Alhamdani, H. M., Hassim, M. S., Shaik, A. J. A. (2018). Hybrid tool for occupational health risk assessment and fugitive emissions control in chemical processes based on the source, path and receptor concept. Process Safety and Environmental Protection,, Volume 118, 348-360.

A review of the offshore oil and gas safety indices

Tang, K.H.D., Dawal, S.Z.M., Olugu, E.U.

Sammanfattning

Derivation of a performance index demonstrating integrated safety achievement of offshore oil and gas platforms has not been subject to extensive study. The indices proposed and adopted thus far are related to inherent safety and chemicals used in processes, with focus placed on the conceptual and design stages. Safety of offshore installations is a combination of asset integrity and personal safety, driven by organizational culture. Asset integrity covers process safety, structural integrity as well as aspects of safety climate dealing with personnel management such as training and competence. Indicators for various aspects of platform safety have been separately proposed in multiple studies. It would be significant to develop a composite index linking the major aspects of safety including the cultural and climatic factors to provide a more representative picture of platforms’ safety performance. This also facilitates performance benchmarking and continual improvement of safety management on the platforms. The adoption of leading indicators is crucial to drive and monitor inputs into the safety system. For the index to ultimately be meaningful, effective and easily understood, the underlying indicators should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timely, evaluated and reviewed.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

Referens

Tang, K.H.D., Dawal, S.Z.M., Olugu, E.U. (2018). A review of the offshore oil and gas safety indices. Safety Science, 109, 344-352.

The Power Of Self Or The „Self To Self” Oriented Axis In The Relationship With Professional Balance

Zubenschi, M.

Sammanfattning

This article is devoted to the investigation of human-organization space from an eco-human perspective by maintaining the balance between positive and negative effects, as well as adjusting the own resources and internal careers to the requirements of the professional environment. The general objective of the study was to investigate the relationships between career anchors and psychosocial factors in the professional environment of the "Self" axis. The „Self” axis has an internal meaning, and is made up of the factors that influence it in the professional relationship with the self. The general objective of the study is to examine the specifics of the professional environment, given by the profile of the career anchors. The proposed specific objectives have taken into account the moderator role of the anchors of the careers shown in the researches of scholars: Schein, Bart, Feldman, Bolino, Wills, Brawn, Obi, Yueran, Liu, Öngen, Munir, Nielsen, Jafri and others, as well as a guarantee of professional balance. The consonance of professional psychosocial factors, to the internal and external aspects of the specific careers in service system for humanity, it is play the role of an useful strategy in the design of the career path in the current conditions of life, and the qualitative contribution of the interdisciplinary of the research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the studied phenomenon, in a polyvalent and pragmatic weighted configuration. The sample consisted of 287 participants from three professional fields: medicine, education and social work. Based on the preliminary statistical analysis, by ANOVA method, the high levels of age, professional field, gender, level of education, graduation year and work place where identified p <0.001.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Moldavien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Zubenschi, M. (2018). The Power Of Self Or The „Self To Self” Oriented Axis In The Relationship With Professional Balance. CSIE Working Papers, Center for Studies in European Integration (CSEI), Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova (ASEM), 9, 6-18.

Job characteristics and experience as predictors of occupational turnover intention and occupational turnover in the European nursing sector

Van der Heijden B.I.J.M., Peeters M.C.W., Le Blanc P.M., Van Breukelen J.W.M.

Sammanfattning

The present study aims to unravel the relationships between job demands and resources, occupational turnover intention, and occupational turnover. To do so, we tested a model wherein associations between nurses' age, tenure in profession and tenure with present employer (experience in the profession), job demands (emotional demands, work-home interference), and job resources (influence at work and opportunities for development) predicted occupational turnover intention, and, subsequently, occupational turnover. A longitudinal survey was conducted among a sample of 753 nurses working in European health care institutions (hospitals, nursing homes, and community/home care). The results supported the hypotheses that job demands are positively related with occupational turnover intention while job resources and experience in the nursing profession are negatively related with occupational turnover intention. We did not find evidence supporting the hypothesis that occupational turnover intention mediates the relationship between job demands and job resources on the one hand, and occupational turnover on the other hand. Experience in the nursing profession had a direct effect on occupational turnover, in addition to the direct effect of occupational turnover intention. The implications of our findings for understanding the process through which health care organizations can affect occupational turnover intention and actual exit behavior, are discussed.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Van der Heijden B.I.J.M., Peeters M.C.W., Le Blanc P.M., Van Breukelen J.W.M. (2018). Job characteristics and experience as predictors of occupational turnover intention and occupational turnover in the European nursing sector. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 108, 108-120.

Psychosocial Factors That Predict Safety Climate Of Organization In Agricultural Industry

Stelmokienė, A., Gustainienė, L., Kovalčikienė, K.

Sammanfattning

Successful functioning of an organization, especially agricultural one, implies the necessity for a properly organized system of employee health and safety. The system will function properly only when employees perceive organizational safety processes and procedures as a part of their behavior at work. The purpose of this study with reference to scientific literature and empirical research to determine the main factors that predict higher safety climate in organization. 961 employees from a large Lithuanian company of agricultural industry participated in the survey. The study was conducted using Sexton’s Safety Climate Questionnaire and two scales from Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. The analysis of data via Structural Equation Modeling confirmed the theoretical model of psychosocial safety climate antecedents. The findings of the study showed that employee trust in management had higher predictive value as compared to workplace commitment, and that the leader’s role in promoting safety in an organization is more important than employee attitudes or declared safety-related orders and procedures in the organization.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Litauen

Yrken

Industriellt jordbruks arbetare

Referens

Stelmokienė, A., Gustainienė, L., Kovalčikienė, K. (2018). Psychosocial Factors That Predict Safety Climate Of Organization In Agricultural Industry. Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development, 40(2), 254-262.

Physical and mental determinants of dropout and retention among nursing students: protocol of the SPRiNG cohort study

Bakker, J. M. E., Kox, J. H. A. M., Miedema, H. S., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Runhaar, J., Boot, R. L. C., van der Beek, J. A., Roelofs Pepijn D. D. M.

Sammanfattning

Background: The shortage of nursing professionals is of growing concern. The causes of this include the demanding physical and mental workload, leading to a dropout of nurses that may start during their education. However, it is unclear to what extent nursing students already perceive a physical and mental workload leading to health problems during their nursing education and placement, and to what extent these health problems cause students to dropout from nursing education. Very few prospective cohort studies have investigated protective and risk factors in relation to dropout and retention among nursing students. Methods: Three cohorts of third-year nursing students will be followed for 2.5 years. Students will be enrolled from the Bachelor of Nursing program of the Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences. At baseline, students will receive a self-administered questionnaire. Primary outcome is dropout from nursing education and dropout from the nursing profession. Data on dropout from nursing education will be retrieved from the student administration on a yearly basis. Dropout from the nursing profession will be measured one year after graduation, using the self-reported questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are presenteeism and sick leave (during internship/work). In addition to student characteristics, the questionnaire asks about physical and mental internship/work characteristics, personal and behavioral factors, and experienced physical and mental burden. Main aims of this study are to determine: 1) the prevalence and incidence rates of dropout, 2) the protective and risk factors, and early indicators of dropout, and 3) the interaction between these factors and the indicators. Discussion: Data analysis of a large, prospective cohort study with regard to determinants of dropout and retention of nursing students and newly graduated nurses is in progress. Findings emerging from this study can be used to develop a predictive model to identify the first indicators of dropout from nursing education and nursing profession, for which targeted interventions can be deployed.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Sjuksköterskestudenter

DOI

10.1186/s12912-018-0296-9

Referens

Bakker, J. M. E., Kox, J. H. A. M., Miedema, H. S., Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Runhaar, J., Boot, R. L. C., van der Beek, J. A., Roelofs Pepijn D. D. M. (2018). Physical and mental determinants of dropout and retention among nursing students: protocol of the SPRiNG cohort study. BMC Nursing, 17 (1) 27.

Analysis of Ergonomic Risk Factors in Relation to Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms in Office Workers

Dinar A., Susilowati I.H., Azwar A., Indriyani K., Wirawan M.

Sammanfattning

The development of technology has increased the number of activities workers are able to perform while using visual display units (VDUs), as well as the amount of time spent executing those activities; the developing technology, however, has also increased the probability of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which can decrease a worker's productivity and result in a company's economic loss. Workers at PT. X use VDUs 8 hours per day. This research aimed to analyse the risk factors that are the likely cause of some MSD symptoms experienced by PT. X workers, such as individual and psychological factors, the work environment, VDU, chair and the work patterns. This research was a cross-sectional study that used proportional stratified random sampling with 95 participants. The study found that most of the workers experienced MSD symptoms (78.6%), of which 70.52 percent were chronic complaints, 1.37 percent were acute complaints and 6.71 percent were a combination of both acute and chronic complaints. On the other hand, 16.84 percent of the respondents did not have any MSD complaints. Risk factors that were shown to be related to MSDs include high BMI (p = 0.031), work patterns period (p = 039), job stress perception (p = 0.005) and work posture (p = 0.036). Work posture relates to seat length (p = 0.041) and seat height (p = 0.005). Job stress perception is related to the details of assignments or work (p = 0.047), duration of work (p = 0.04), duration of rest (p = 0.000), work demands (p = 0.018) and job control (p = 0.009). Based on multivariate analysis, the most dominant risk factors associated with MSD complaints were the duration of rest, work posture and job stress perception.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indonesien

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.18502/kls.v4i5.2536

Referens

Dinar A., Susilowati I.H., Azwar A., Indriyani K., Wirawan M. (2018). Analysis of Ergonomic Risk Factors in Relation to Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms in Office Workers. KnE Life Sciences.

Bullying and an unfavourable working environment

Meriläinen, M., Kõiv, K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to reveal the relationship between perceived bullying and the features of a favourable working environment; and second, to indicate bullying factors that especially worsen the working environment and working environment factors that contribute to the bullying experiences. Design/methodology/approach: In Spring 2014, 864 staff members—including teachers, researchers, administrators, project workers and service staff—from nine Estonian universities answered an e-mail questionnaire. Findings: It was revealed that “professional understating”, “unreasonable work-related demands” and “work-related malpractice” are forms of bullying that negatively affect the working atmosphere. “Appreciation”, “vertical trust”, “predictability” and “quality of leadership” are working environment factors that contribute to the experiences of bullying. Experiences of “professional understating” seem to reduce feelings related to all features of a favourable working atmosphere. A lack of “appreciation” appears to be a key environment feature that also plays a role in workplace bullying. Research limitations/implications: In Estonian universities, first, “professional understating” negatively affects the feelings of “appreciation”; in contrast, a lack of “appreciation” contributes to feelings of “professional understating”. Second, “unreasonable work-related demands” is a sign of a shortage of “vertical trust” and the opposite of “trust” between management and employees, which obviously decreases perceived “workload”. The present results can be applied in at least three contexts: cultural and institutional studies, leadership practices and personal work control. Originality/value: The detailed examination showed that it is possible to reveal certain bullying factors that specifically affect certain environment factors and find out particular working environment features that contribute specifically to certain kinds of bullying.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Estland

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

Referens

Meriläinen, M., Kõiv, K. (2018). Bullying and an unfavourable working environment. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, Vol. 11 No. 3, pp. 159-176.

Nurse-work instability and incidence of sick leave – results of a prospective study of nurses aged over 40

Klein, M., Wobbe-Ribinski, S., Buchholz, A., Nienhaus, A., Schablon, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The Nurse Work Instability Scale (Nurse-WIS) is an occupation-specific instrument that ascertains “work instability,” the interval before restricted work ability or prolonged sick leave occurs. The objective of the study was to assess if nurses with a high risk baseline-score in the Nurse-WIS take longer periods of sick leave due to musculoskeletal diseases and/or psychological impairments than other nurses. Methods: A total of 4500 nurses randomly selected from one of the largest health insurance funds in Germany (DAK-Gesundheit) were invited by letter to participate in the study. The participants answered a questionnaire at baseline and gave consent to a transfer of data concerning sick leave during the twelve months following completion of the questionnaire from the health insurance to the study centre. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) for long-term sick leave were calculated. In order to analyze the association between the Nurse-WIS and sick leave during follow-up, a multiple ordinal logistic model (proportional odds model) was applied. Results: A total of 1592 nurses took part in the study (response 35.6%). No loss of follow-up occurred. The number of nurses with a high score (20–28 points) in the Nurse-WIS was 628 (39.4%), and 639 (40.1%) had taken sick leave due to musculoskeletal diseases or psychological impairment during the follow-up period. The odds ratio for sick leave in nurses with a high Nurse-WIS score was 3.42 (95%CI 2.54–4.60). Sensitivity for long-term sick leave (< 42 days) was 64.1%, specificity 63.4%, PPV 17.0% and NPP 93.8%. Conclusion: The German version of the Nurse-WIS predicts long-term sick leave, but the PPV is rather low. Combining questionnaire data with secondary data from a health insurer was feasible. Therefore further studies employing this combination of data are advisable.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Klein, M., Wobbe-Ribinski, S., Buchholz, A., Nienhaus, A., Schablon, A. (2018). Nurse-work instability and incidence of sick leave – results of a prospective study of nurses aged over 40. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, Vol 13.

Assessing the effectiveness of wellbeing initiatives for lawyers and support staff

Poynton, S., Chan, J., Vogt, M., Grunseit, A., Bruce, J.

Sammanfattning

This article reports on the findings of a study on the use and effectiveness of wellbeing initiatives implemented by a large public sector legal service organisation in Australia. The study, which was conducted from 2011 to 2015, employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of three waves of staff surveys, interviews with key informants and staff, and workplace observation. The article considers the drivers of work stress, the impact of the introduction of certain initiatives on the mental health and wellbeing outcomes of participants, and participants' perceptions of the characteristics necessary for an effective intervention and, more broadly, a supportive work environment. In doing so, the article seeks to inform a more general understanding of the prospects and limitations of wellbeing initiatives for addressing mental health and stress issues in the legal profession.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Australien

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

Referens

Poynton, S., Chan, J., Vogt, M., Grunseit, A., Bruce, J. (2018). Assessing the effectiveness of wellbeing initiatives for lawyers and support staff. The University of New South Wales Law Journal, Vol. 41, No. 2, 584-619.

Process of recognition of occupational mental diseases: the Chilean experience

Aranibar, L.A.

Sammanfattning

The changes in the work and employment conditions worldwide, and in Chile in particular, led to the development of new risks at work. Psychosocial risks at work, and their impacts on the health of workers following exposure, have continuously increased in recent years. Prevention against such risks and adequate identification of mental health disorders are some of the main problems for the Chilean occupational safety and health authorities. For this reason, specific guidelines for the process of recognition of mental health diseases at the workplace were formulated. The current regulations include improvements of administrative aspects, professional training and duration of the full process. Nevertheless, there are still deficiencies in legal aspects and in the quality of the process that need to be overcome to improve decisions regarding the recognition of this kind of diseases.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Chile

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.5327/Z1679443520180189

Referens

Aranibar, L.A. (2018). Process of recognition of occupational mental diseases: the Chilean experience. Rev Bras Med Trab, 16 (1):100-105.

Musculoskeletal disorders among preschool teachers: analyzing the relationships among relational demands, work meaning, and intention to leave the job

Converso, D., Viotti, S., Sottimano, I., Cascio, V., Guidetti, G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Based on the conservation of resource (COR) theory by Hobfoll, the aim of the present study was to test whether the relationships among relational demands, work meaning, and intention to leave vary as a function of the presence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Method: The study was cross-sectional and non-randomized. Analyses were carried out on a dataset consisting of 429 preschool teachers, who filled out a self-report questionnaire. Of them, 238 reported a MSD diagnosis and 191 were free form MSDs. Results: As expected, among those who reported MSDs, relational demands were significantly associated to intention to leave, and this relationship was mediated by work meaning; moreover, among those free from MSDs, no significant paths among the three variables were found. Conclusion: In general, results showed that suffering from MSDs impairs workers’ ability to face to relational demands, thus activating a spiral that encompasses diminished work meaning and intention to leave. Practical implications of results will be discussed in the paper.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Förskolelärare

DOI

10.1186/s12891-018-2081-z

Referens

Converso, D., Viotti, S., Sottimano, I., Cascio, V., Guidetti, G. (2018). Musculoskeletal disorders among preschool teachers: analyzing the relationships among relational demands, work meaning, and intention to leave the job. BMC Musculoskeletal Disordersvolume, 19 (1) 156.

Associations between psychosocial work environments and social capital: a multilevel analysis study in a Chinese context

Gao, J. Wang, J. Yu, D., Dai, J., Zhu, Y., Fu, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: Understanding the determinants of social capital is the prerequisite to building social capital. However there was few studies to explore factors related to workplace social capital. We aim to examine associations between psychosocial work environments and social capital in a Chinese context through a cross-sectional study. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai, China from December 2016 through March 2017. In total, 2380 workers from 32 workplaces were randomly sampled by a two-stage sampling procedure. Workplace social capital (WSC), psychosocial work environments (PWEs), and workplace Chinese Confucian values (CCVs), were assessed using validated and psychometrically tested measures. Multilevel ordinal regression models were used to examine the associations of WSC with individual- and workplace-level PWEs and workplace CCVs after controlling for individual socioeconomic characteristics. Results: After controlling for individual socioeconomic characteristics, all individual-level PWEs (unstandardized coefficients [B] ranging from 0.280 to 2.467) were positively associated with WSC. Individual-level workplace CCVs had mixed associations with WSC—high individual levels of respect for authorities (B: 0.325; 95%CI: 0.134, 0.516) and altruism (B: 0.347; 95%CI: 0.155, 0.539) were associated with high WSC, while high individual levels of acceptance of authorities (B: − 0.214; 95%CI: − 0.381, − 0.046) and the mianzi rule (B: − 0.258; 95%CI: − 0.435, − 0.080) were associatecd with low WSC. No workplace-level variable was associated with WSC. Conclusion: These findings suggest that workplace social capital associates with multiple factors. Psychosocial work environments and cultural context are important in understanding variations in workplace social capital between individuals.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Gao, J. Wang, J. Yu, D., Dai, J., Zhu, Y., Fu, H. (2018). Associations between psychosocial work environments and social capital: a multilevel analysis study in a Chinese context. BMC Public Health.

Perceptions of organizational culture and value conflicts in information security management

Karlsson, M., Denk, T., Åström, J.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the occurrence of value conflicts between information security and other organizational values among white-collar workers. Further, analyzes are conducted of the relationship between white-collar workers’ perceptions of the culture of their organizations and value conflicts involving information security. Design/methodology/approach: Descriptive analyses and regression analyses were conducted on survey data gathered among two samples of white-collar workers in Sweden. Findings: Value conflicts regarding information security occur regularly among white-collar workers in the private and public sectors and within different business sectors. Variations in their occurrence can be understood partly as a function of employees’ work situations and the sensitivity of the information handled in the organization. Regarding how perceived organizational culture affects the occurrence of value conflicts, multivariate regression analysis reveals that employees who perceive their organizations as having externally oriented, flexible cultures experience value conflicts more often. Research limitations/implications: The relatively low share of explained variance in the explanatory models indicates the need to identify alternative explanations of the occurrence of value conflicts regarding information security. Practical implications: Information security managers need to recognize that value conflicts occur regularly among white-collar workers in different business sectors, more often among workers in organizations that handle sensitive information, and most often among white-collar workers who perceive the cultures of their organizations as being externally oriented and flexible. Originality/value: The study addresses a gap in the information security literature by contributing to the understanding of value conflicts between information security and other organizational values. This study has mapped the occurrence of value conflicts regarding information security among white-collar professionals and shows that the occurrence of value conflicts is associated with work situation, information sensitivity and perceived organizational culture.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tjänstemän

Referens

Karlsson, M., Denk, T., Åström, J. (2018). Perceptions of organizational culture and value conflicts in information security management. Information and Computer Security, Vol. 26 No. 2, pp. 213-229.

Psychosocial risks and mental health status in manufacturing sector workers in venezuela

Ilse R., Maritza R., Harold G.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Occupational Psychosocial Risk Factors (OPRF) studies are a priority because may trig physical/mental health-effects. National studies confirm international investigations where exposure to unhealthy conditions can constitute a problem. National work regulations emphasise that jobs should achieve psychological well-being. This study identified OPRF in four ‘Manufacturing’ companies in Venezuela, measuring exposure magnitude associating them with self-perceived mental health. Methods: Observational-descriptive, field study. Psychosocial Risk Assessment was used and CoPSoQ-ISTAS 21, PAST 2.7 c for analysis. Questionnaire evaluates six Dimensions and 20 Factors. Results express exposure’s prevalence as the workers proportion in each situation: unfavourable (high risk), intermediate and favourable (low risk). Results: Sample 576 workers. In all dimensions no high risk was greater than 37%. Social Capital/Compensations had the highest unfavourable situation (36.78% and 35.91%, respectively). Employment insecurity (favourable 57.93%), Working conditions (favourable 57.87%), Recognition (unfavourable 45.48%). Emotional demands reported greater risk (41.09%). Leadership Quality 50.09% and Predictability 53.34%. 60% of variables had significant correlation with anxiety/depression. Discussion and conclusion: Psychosocial risks were identified with low magnitudes dimensionally but there were 6 factors in high risk. Siegrist 1996 showed that unbalance Effort/Reward could damage health with stress repercussions. A high level of organisational justice has been linked to better mental health (Elovainio, et al., 2002). Results agree with Rodriguez-Martinez (2011) and Rodriguez-Bracho (2013), regarding exposure to emotional demands, predictability and leadership quality. Avendaño, et al (2009) found that relationships quality with superiors are important to face daily stressors. This also may indicate that company’ leaders lack of teams’ surveillance, with insufficient information to carry out the work expressed by Predictability. However, Colleagues/Superiors Social support, Clarity/Conflict roles and group feeling, were in favourable conditions. Factors as work compensation, social capital, emotional demands, leadership and predictability, were with greater consequences in mental health and employers must use important resources to manage daily stressors.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Venezuela

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Ilse R., Maritza R., Harold G. (2018). Psychosocial risks and mental health status in manufacturing sector workers in venezuela. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75 (2).

Work-related psychosocial and physical risk factors and upper limb disorders in hand-intensive health care workers – an applied epidemiological perspective

Greiner B.A., Nolan S., Hogan D.A.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are common in healthcare workers. Research and prevention have been focussing on back injuries, the scientific evidence on work-related upper limb disorders (WRULDs) is scarce. Physical and psychosocial work exposures are considered as relevant in the aetiology. Hand-intensive health care occupations, e.g. physiotherapists are commonly exposed to physical risk factors including repetitive movements while applying force and sustained awkward positions. The objective was to investigate associations between physical and psychosocial work exposures and ULDs while adjusting for non-work-related explanations. Methods: Cross-sectional with 347 Irish Chartered Physiotherapists, Physical and Athletics Therapists in hospitals and private practice (proportionate cluster and random sampling). Participants completed questions about neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, thumb and finger symptoms (Nordic Questionnaire); psychosocial work exposures (COPSOQ), rest breaks, scheduling, physical work load, Physical Exertion (Borg scale), lifestyle and mental health. Logistic regression with psychosocial and physical factors and ULDs with adjustment for lifestyle-related issues (bmi, smoking), depression (GHQ) and leisure time injury. Result: Work tempo (OR=1.17), predictability (OR=0.76), peer support (OR=0.81) and supervisory support (OR=0.71) were significantly associated with UL symptoms in the past 12 months, work predictability (OR=0.82), influence at work (OR=0.91), supervisory support (OR=0.81) and peer support (OR=0.77) were significantly associated with incapacitating symptoms. Therapists who did not schedule their appointments were twice as likely for ULDs in a least one body site (OR=2.3), those with rests breaks below 5 min after each treatment were at increased odds for incapacitating symptoms. (OR=2.3), physical exertion and repetitive movements were associated with 12 month prevalence (OR=1.3). All analyses adjusted for confounders. Discussion: Comprehensive guidance beyond patient handling policies and training is needed for prevention of work-related ULDs that address physical and psychosocial exposures. Work organisation changes such as increased control over work, scheduling and rest breaks emerge as simple interventions to manage physical and psychosocial exposures. Examples will be provided.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Irland

Yrken

Fysioterapeuter

Referens

Greiner B.A., Nolan S., Hogan D.A. (2018). Work-related psychosocial and physical risk factors and upper limb disorders in hand-intensive health care workers – an applied epidemiological perspective. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 75 (2).

Relations Between Psychosocial Job Characteristics and Work Ability in Employees with Chronic Headaches

van der Doef, P. M., Schelvis, M. C. R.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine (a) to which extent job demands and job resources predict work ability in employees with chronic headaches, and (b) whether work ability in these employees is more hampered by high demands and more enhanced by resources than in employees without chronic disease. Methods: All employees with chronic headaches (n = 593) and without chronic disease (n = 13,742) were selected from The Netherlands Working Conditions Survey conducted in 2013. This survey assessed amongst others job characteristics and various indicators of work ability, i.e. sick leave, employability, work engagement, and emotional exhaustion. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for employees with chronic headaches and compared to employees without chronic disease, controlling for age, gender and educational level. Results: In employees with chronic headaches higher quantitative and emotional demands contributed to higher emotional exhaustion, and higher emotional demands to higher sick leave. Higher cognitive demands were however associated with higher work engagement. Higher autonomy was related to higher employability and lower emotional exhaustion. Higher supervisor and colleague support was associated with higher employability, higher engagement and lower emotional exhaustion. Higher supervisor support was associated with lower sick leave. Supervisor support emerged as a stronger predictor for emotional exhaustion in the employees with chronic headaches than in the employees without chronic disease. Conclusions: Job demands and job resources are important for work ability in employees with chronic headaches. Furthermore, results suggest that these employees benefit more strongly from supervisor support than employees without chronic disease.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10926-018-9769-7

Referens

van der Doef, P. M., Schelvis, M. C. R. (2018). Relations Between Psychosocial Job Characteristics and Work Ability in Employees with Chronic Headaches. Journal of occupational rehabilitation.

Physical activity during work and leisure show contrasting associations with fear-avoidance beliefs. Cross-sectional study among more than 10,000 wage earners of the general working population

Tribian, A., Vinstrup, J., Sundstrup, E., Jay, K., Bös, K., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Background and aims: The association between different types of physical activity and fear-avoidance beliefs remains unclear. This study investigates the association between work-related and leisure-time physical activity with fear-avoidance beliefs in the general working population. Methods: Currently employed wage earners (n=10,427) from the 2010 round of the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study replied to questions about work, lifestyle and health. General linear models controlling for lifestyle, psychosocial work factors, education, pain, medication-use and chronic diseases tested associations of work-related and leisure-time physical activity (explanatory variables) with fear-avoidance beliefs (outcome variable, scale 0-100). Results: The level of fear-avoidance was 41.7 (SD 27.3), 38.0 (SD 26.9) and 54.3 (SD 27.7) among the general working population, a subgroup of pain-free individuals, and a subgroup with back disease, respectively. In the general working population, the level of fear-avoidance among those with low, moderate and high physical activity during leisure were 47 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 45-49], 44 (95% CI 42-46) and 43 (95% CI 41-45), and physical activity at work were 40 (95% CI 39-42), 44 (95% CI 42-46) and 49 (95% CI 48-51), respectively. Individuals with back disease and a high level of physical activity at work showed the overall highest level of fear-avoidance whereas pain-free individuals with a low level of physical activity at work showed the overall lowest level of fear-avoidance. Conclusions: Physical activity during work and leisure shows contrasting associations with fear-avoidance beliefs. While high physical activity during leisure is associated with lower levels, high physical activity at work is associated with higher levels of fear-avoidance. Implications: The present results may reflect some deeply rooted negative beliefs about pain and work in the population. On the societal level, campaigns may be a possible way forward as these have shown to improve beliefs about musculoskeletal pain and work.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1515/sjpain-2017-0136

Referens

Tribian, A., Vinstrup, J., Sundstrup, E., Jay, K., Bös, K., Andersen, L. L. (2018). Physical activity during work and leisure show contrasting associations with fear-avoidance beliefs. Cross-sectional study among more than 10,000 wage earners of the general working population. Scandinavian Journal of Pain, 0 (0), S. 8.

Emotion regulation strategies moderate the relationship of fatigue with depersonalization and derealization symptoms

Tibubos, N. A., Grammes, J., Beutel, E. M., Michal, M., Schmutzer, G., Brähler, E.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships of common emotion regulation strategies (suppression and reappraisal) to self-reported fatigue and depersonalization/derealization symptoms. Specifically, we tested the moderating effect of suppression and reappraisal on the link of fatigue with depersonalization and derealization symptoms. Opposite effects were expected for both emotion regulation strategies assuming that cognitive reappraisal has an adaptive buffering effect, while suppression intensifies the association of fatigue and depersonalization/derealization experiences. Methods: In a representative study (N = 2524) we assessed emotion regulation strategies, fatigue, depersonalization/derealization, distress, and demographic variables via questionnaires. 55.5% of the participants were female, mean age was 49.4 (SD = 18.2) years with age groups represented in comparable proportions. Results: In line with the assumptions, moderated regression analyses revealed an interaction effect of emotion regulation strategies and fatigue. Simple slope analyses indicated a buffering effect of cognitive reappraisal on the positive relation of fatigue with depersonalization and derealization symptoms. In contrast, suppression fosters the positive correlation of fatigue and depersonalization and derealization experiences. Limitations: Our study is limited to these two habitual emotion regulation strategies employing a cross sectional design. Conclusion: Our findings provide comprehensive empirical data investigating depersonalization/derealization symptoms from the perspective of emotion regulation research. Cognitive reappraisal might help people suffering from fatigue to prevent depersonalization and derealization tendencies.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.079

Referens

Tibubos, N. A., Grammes, J., Beutel, E. M., Michal, M., Schmutzer, G., Brähler, E. (2018). Emotion regulation strategies moderate the relationship of fatigue with depersonalization and derealization symptoms. Journal of affective disorders, 227, S. 571–579.

Who is Aging Successfully at Work? A Latent Profile Analysis of Successful Agers and their Work Motives

Thrasher, R. G., Zabel, L. K., Bramble, J. R., Baltes, B. B., Kooij, D.

Sammanfattning

Recent discussions surrounding successful aging at work have highlighted the importance of many factors both individual and contextual. The current study takes a person-centered approach to gain a deeper understanding of how these factors combine to characterize individuals who are more likely to age successfully at work. Through the application of latent profile analysis, based on various conceptualizations of age, we identify a main two-profile structure of older healthy and older unhealthy workers. We then attempt to describe how individuals within each group are aging successfully (or unsuccessfully) based on between group differences on work motives. Our results show group differences on promotion motives and development motives, with security and social motives remaining consistent across groups. Based on these between group motive differences we describe a Successful Agers profile and a Classic Agers profile. We also examine a three-profile structure that identifies a small, but interesting, subgroup characterized by high levels of motives in the presence of poor aging characteristics. Our findings have theoretical implications for the literature on age and work motivation as well as our understanding of how we define successful aging at work. We also discuss practical implications surrounding the importance of interventions targeted at increasing successful aging within the working population.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/workar/wax026

Referens

Thrasher, R. G., Zabel, L. K., Bramble, J. R., Baltes, B. B., Kooij, D. (2018). Who is Aging Successfully at Work? A Latent Profile Analysis of Successful Agers and their Work Motives. Work, Aging and Retirement, 4 (2), S. 175–188.

Retrospectively assessed psychosocial working conditions as predictors of prospectively assessed sickness absence and disability pension among older workers

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim was to explore the association between retrospectively assessed psychosocial working conditions during working life and prospectively assessed risk of sickness absence and disability pension among older workers. Methods: The prospective risk of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension was estimated from exposure to 12 different psychosocial work characteristics during working life among 5076 older workers from the CAMB cohort (Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank). Analyses were censored for competing events and adjusted for age, gender, physical work environment, lifestyle, education, and prior LTSA. Results: LTSA was predicted by high levels of cognitive demands (HR 1.31 (95% CI 1.10-1.56)), high levels of emotional demands (HR 1.26 (95% CI 1.07-1.48)), low levels of influence at work (HR 1.30 (95% CI 1.03-1.64)), and high levels of role conflicts (HR 1.34 (95% CI 1.09-1.65)). Disability pension was predicted by low levels of influence at work (HR 2.73 (95% CI 1.49-5.00)) and low levels of recognition from management (HR 2.04 (95% CI 1.14-3.67)). Conclusions: This exploratory study found that retrospectively assessed high cognitive demands, high and medium emotional demands, low influence at work, low recognition from management, medium role clarity, and high role conflicts predicted LTSA and/or disability pension.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-018-5047-z

Referens

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al. (2018). Retrospectively assessed psychosocial working conditions as predictors of prospectively assessed sickness absence and disability pension among older workers. BMC public health, 18 (1), S. 149.

Development and validation of a prediction model for long-term sickness absence based on occupational health survey variables

Roelen, C., Thorsen, S., Heymans, M., Twisk, J., Bültmann, U., Bjørner, J.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a prediction model for identifying employees at increased risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA), by using variables commonly measured in occupational health surveys. Materials and Methods: Based on the literature, 15 predictor variables were retrieved from the DAnish National working Environment Survey (DANES) and included in a model predicting incident LTSA (≥4 consecutive weeks) during 1-year follow-up in a sample of 4000 DANES participants. The 15-predictor model was reduced by backward stepwise statistical techniques and then validated in a sample of 2524 DANES participants, not included in the development sample. Identification of employees at increased LTSA risk was investigated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis; the area-under-the-ROC-curve (AUC) reflected discrimination between employees with and without LTSA during follow-up. Results: The 15-predictor model was reduced to a 9-predictor model including age, gender, education, self-rated health, mental health, prior LTSA, work ability, emotional job demands, and recognition by the management. Discrimination by the 9-predictor model was significant (AUC = 0.68; 95% CI 0.61-0.76), but not practically useful. Conclusions: A prediction model based on occupational health survey variables identified employees with an increased LTSA risk, but should be further developed into a practically useful tool to predict the risk of LTSA in the general working population. Implications for rehabilitation Long-term sickness absence risk predictions would enable healthcare providers to refer high-risk employees to rehabilitation programs aimed at preventing or reducing work disability. A prediction model based on health survey variables discriminates between employees at high and low risk of long-term sickness absence, but discrimination was not practically useful. Health survey variables provide insufficient information to determine long-term sickness absence risk profiles. There is a need for new variables, based on the knowledge and experience of rehabilitation professionals, to improve long-term sickness absence risk profiles.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1080/09638288.2016.1247471

Referens

Roelen, C., Thorsen, S., Heymans, M., Twisk, J., Bültmann, U., Bjørner, J. (2018). Development and validation of a prediction model for long-term sickness absence based on occupational health survey variables. Disability and rehabilitation, 40 (2), S. 168–175.

Entrepreneurial orientation and the job demands-resources model

Kattenbach, R., Fietze, S.,

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) within the framework of the job demands-resources (JD-R) model. Design/methodology/approach: The sample ofN=597 white-collars in the German media and IT industry is drawn via the professional network XING. Cross-sectional mediator models are used to test the hypothesis. Findings: The processes proposed by the JD-R model find empirical support. Job demands primarily cause exhaustion while job resources increase job satisfaction. Besides, job demands reduce job satisfaction and job resources lead to less exhaustion. An exception is found for cognitive workload which rather acts like a job resource. EO mediates these effects in a favorable way. High job resources foster EO, which in turn reduces exhaustion and enhances job satisfaction. For job demands, EO shows a negative mediation reducing the health-impairment process and increasing job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications: Future research should broach the issue of adverse effects related to extreme employee entrepreneurship and potential negative effects. Practical implications: Supporting and supervising an EO may help employees to cope with modern job profiles in agile organizations. Originality/value: The findings provide support for a favorable mediating role of an entrepreneurial personal resource within the JD-R model. This knowledge may be used to consider individual work orientations and to organize work in a "healthy" way.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Tjänstemän

DOI

10.1108/PR-08-2016-0194

Referens

Kattenbach, R., Fietze, S., (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation and the job demands-resources model. Personnel Review, 47 (3), S. 745–764.

Unravelling salutogenic mechanisms in the workplace. The role of learning

Pijpker, R., Vaandrager, L., Bakker, J. E., Koelen, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To explore the moderating and mediating role(s) of learning within the relationship between sense of coherence (SOC) and generalized resistance resources. Method: Cross-sectional study (N = 481), using a self-administered questionnaire, of employees working in the healthcare sector in the Netherlands in 2017. Four residential healthcare settings and one healthcare-related Facebook group were involved. Multiple linear regression models were used to test for moderating and mediating effects of learning. Results: Social relations, task significance, and job control significantly explained variance in SOC. Conceptual, social, and instrumental learning, combined, moderated the relationship between SOC and task significance. Instrumental learning moderated the relationship between job control and SOC. Social learning also mediated this relationship. Conceptual learning did not show any moderating or mediating effect. Conclusions: The relationship between SOC and the three GRRs seems to be strengthened or explained −to a certain extent − by instrumental and social learning. Healthcare organizations are recommended to promote learning through formal activities as well as through cooperation, feedback, sharing experiences, and job challenges. This requires employee participation and a multilevel interdisciplinary approach.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.gaceta.2017.11.006

Referens

Pijpker, R., Vaandrager, L., Bakker, J. E., Koelen, M. (2018). Unravelling salutogenic mechanisms in the workplace. The role of learning. Gaceta sanitaria.

Consistent Use of Assistive Devices for Patient Transfer Is Associated With Less Patient-Initiated Violence. Cross-Sectional Study Among Health Care Workers at General Hospitals

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Brandt, P. A. L., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

This study investigated whether factors related to bodily contact between health care workers and patients were associated with patient-initiated violence. This cross-sectional study surveyed 496 Danish health care workers measuring patient-initiated violence, use of assistive devices, body mass index, physical exertion, frequency of patient transfers, psychosocial work environment, gender, age, and seniority. Associations were modeled using logistic regression analyses using patient-initiated violence as the outcome. Twenty-five percent of the respondents had experienced physical or verbal violence during the past year. Infrequent use of assistive devices, high physical strain, and severe obesity all significantly increased the risk of physical violence (risk ratio [RR] = 1.18, RR = 1.18, and RR = 1.16, respectively), whereas only the lack of assistive device use significantly increased the risk of verbal violence (RR = 1.13 and RR = 1.08). Consistent use of assistive devices appears to reduce the risk of patient-initiated violence. Managers should require the use of assistive devices when designing work processes for patient transfers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1177/2165079917752714

Referens

Pihl-Thingvad, J., Brandt, P. A. L., Andersen, L. L. (2018). Consistent Use of Assistive Devices for Patient Transfer Is Associated With Less Patient-Initiated Violence. Cross-Sectional Study Among Health Care Workers at General Hospitals. Workplace health & safety, 2165079917752710.

An effect evaluation of the psychosocial work environment of a university unit after a successfully implemented employeeship program

Øystein Saksvik, P., Faergestad, M., Fossum, S., Samuel Olaniyan, O., Indergård, Ø., Karanika-Murray, M.,

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine whether a successful implementation of an intervention could result in an effect evaluated independently from a process evaluation. It was achieved by evaluating the effects of an intervention, the “employeeship program,” designed to strengthen the psychosocial work environment through raising employees’ awareness and competence in interpersonal relationships and increasing their responsibility for their everyday work and working environment. Design/methodology/approach: An employeeship intervention program was developed to improve the psychosocial work environment through reducing conflict among employees and strengthening the social community, empowering leadership, and increasing trust in management. An earlier process evaluation of the program found that it had been implemented successfully. The present effect evaluation supplemented this by examining its effect on the psychosocial work environment using two waves of the organization’s internal survey and comparing changes in the intervention unit at two points and against the rest of the organization. Findings: The intervention was effective in improving the psychosocial work environment through reducing conflicts among employees and strengthening the social community, empowering leadership, and increasing trust in management. Research limitations/implications: More attention should be paid to developing and increasing positive psychosocial experiences while simultaneously reducing negative psychosocial experiences, as this employeeship intervention demonstrated. Practical implications: An intervention focusing on employeeship is an effective way to achieve a healthier psychosocial work environment with demonstrable benefits for individuals and the working unit. Originality/value: Although organizational-level interventions are complex processes, evaluations that focus on process and effect can offer insights into the workings of successful interventions.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Norge

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1108/IJWHM-08-2017-0065

Referens

Øystein Saksvik, P., Faergestad, M., Fossum, S., Samuel Olaniyan, O., Indergård, Ø., Karanika-Murray, M., (2018). An effect evaluation of the psychosocial work environment of a university unit after a successfully implemented employeeship program. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 11 (1), S. 31–44.

Factors predicting Registered Nurses' intentions to leave their organization and profession. A job demands-resources framework

Moloney, W., Boxall, P., Parsons, M., & Cheung, G.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To develop a comprehensive model of nursing turnover intention by examining the effects of job demands, job resources, personal demands and personal resources on burnout and work engagement and subsequently on the intention to leave the organization and profession. Background: The ageing population and a growing prevalence of multimorbidity are placing increasing strain on an ageing nursing workforce. Solutions that address the anticipated nursing shortage should focus on reducing burnout and enhancing the engagement of Registered Nurses (RNs) to improve retention. Design: A cross‐sectional survey design. Method: Data were collected in 2014–2015 via an e‐survey from 2,876 RNs working in New Zealand. Data were analysed with structural equation modelling. Results: Higher engagement results in lower intention to leave the organization and profession. Burnout has significant effects on intentions to leave through lower engagement. While most of the demands and resources’ variables (except professional development) have effects on intentions to leave, greater workload and greater work‐life interference result in higher burnout and are the strongest predictors of intentions to leave. Greater emotional demands (challenges) and greater self‐efficacy also have strong effects in lowering intentions to leave through higher engagement. Conclusions: Employee burnout and work engagement play an important role in transmitting the impacts of job demands, job resources, personal demands and personal resources into RN intention to leave the organization and profession. Work‐life interference and high workloads are major threats to nursing retention while challenge demands and higher levels of self‐efficacy support better retention.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nya Zeeland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jan.13497

Referens

Moloney, W., Boxall, P., Parsons, M., & Cheung, G. (2018). Factors predicting Registered Nurses' intentions to leave their organization and profession. A job demands-resources framework. Journal of advanced nursing, 74 (4), S. 864–875.

Nurses, age, job demands and physical activity at work and at leisure. A cross-sectional study

Mc Carthy, V.J.C., Wills, T., & Crowley, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: The nursing workforce is ageing and increased age and demands at work, can impact on physical activity levels in the workplace and at leisure. Research has shown that work physical activity, without activity at leisure, is insufficient to prolong well-being. This study investigated the physical activity levels of a sample of nurses and aimed to determine if age and job demands are associated with engaging in recommended physical activity levels at work and at leisure. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with data collected during 2016. Two-hundred and ten nurses participated in the study. Two validated instruments were used: the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (quantitative and cognitive demands) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: Older nurses (≥40-years) were significantly less likely to report engaging in recommended physical activity levels at work than younger nurses [OR 0.47, 95% CI (0.25–0.88) p = 0.02]. Nurses with high quantitative demands were over twice as likely to engage in recommended levels of physical activity at work and at leisure. Engaging in recommended levels of physical activity at work was not associated with leisure-time physical activity reports. Conclusion: Initiatives need to be put in place to ensure older nurses can fulfil their nursing role within their capabilities. These could include offering personal physical activity education to both on and off-duty nurses. Assessment of ability and patient acuity may be necessary.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Irland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.apnr.2018.01.010

Referens

Mc Carthy, V.J.C., Wills, T., & Crowley, S. (2018). Nurses, age, job demands and physical activity at work and at leisure. A cross-sectional study. Applied Nursing Research, 40, S. 116–121.

When social support by patrons protects against burnout. A study among Italian public library workers

Martini, M., Viotti, S., Converso, D., Battaglia, J., & Loera, B.

Sammanfattning

The study aimed to measure burnout among librarians in a city in Northern Italy, and to identify which demands and resources influence emotional exhaustion and cynicism. In particular, it focused on the relationship with patrons, since in the service sector users are mostly studied as a cause of stress and rarely considered as a source of support for service operators. Hierarchical regressions carried out on data (167 self-administered questionnaires) showed that burnout dimensions are influenced by some socio-demographic and job characteristics, and by the positive and negative aspects of relationships with users. We present some practical implications for library managers, in order to reduce the impact of their patrons’ negative behaviour and to improve conditions to facilitate the expression of users’ support for workers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Biblotikarier

DOI

10.1177/0961000618763716

Referens

Martini, M., Viotti, S., Converso, D., Battaglia, J., & Loera, B. (2018). When social support by patrons protects against burnout. A study among Italian public library workers. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 62 (2), 096100061876371.

Psychosocial safety climate as a moderator of the moderators. Contextualizing JDR models and emotional demands effects

Loh, M. Y., Idris, M. A., Dollard, M. F., & Isahak, M.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) is a facet‐specific aspect of organizational climate that pertains to employees’ psychological health. We sought to deepen our understanding of how and when resources function by considering the role of PSC as a contextual factor for job demands‐resources model. We explained this using two different mechanisms – PSC as a resource passageway (i.e., channelling, supplying, bolstering, complementing, compensating resources) or PSC as a safety signal (i.e., enabling resource use) effect. Using longitudinal data from 429 Malaysian health care workers from 53 teams and hierarchical linear modelling (HLM), we found team PSC was a stronger moderator of emotional demands than control or rewards on psychological health problems (emotional exhaustion and somatic symptoms), after controlling for the baseline outcomes. A three‐way interaction of team PSC at Time 1 with demands and resources (rewards only) at Time 2 showed that PSC is able to moderate the moderation relationship of demands and resources. Specifically, PSC, as a resource passageway, is providing a range of resources, that likely to compensate and complement low rewards. Hence, when both PSC and rewards were low, emotional demands had the strongest effect on psychological health. This result is robust as it was validated using HLM and split samples of PSC at the upper level. Given the important contextual role of PSC as a ‘moderator of the moderators’, building PSC should be the focus of workplace interventions to protect the psychological health of workers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1111/joop.12211

Referens

Loh, M. Y., Idris, M. A., Dollard, M. F., & Isahak, M. (2018). Psychosocial safety climate as a moderator of the moderators. Contextualizing JDR models and emotional demands effects. J Occup Organ Psychol, 18 (1), S. 470.

Ergonomic and psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal complaints in public sector administration – A joint monitoring approach with analysis of association

Lima, T. M., & Coelho, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Administration entails a high level of computerization with multiple risk factors (including psychosocial and of ergonomic nature), affecting worker health and well-being. An ergonomics researcher supported by a senior ergonomist and guided by a domain specific checklist assessed physical ergonomics of an organization, including 96 administrative workers in the assessment. Unstructured observations and interviews to the workers were also done. Socio-demographic, musculoskeletal health and psychosocial job data was collected from a composite questionnaire including the versions validated for the Portuguese population of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). This paper demonstrates an approach to jointly monitor multiple factors to support controlling work system efficiency, safeguarding health. Even though postural issues, especially static posture, have previously been identified as risk factors contributing to the onset of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), the results of correlation analysis did not unveil a salient association between musculoskeletal complaints and ergonomic mismatches. The analysis did unveil statistically significant associations between exposure to psychosocial job factors and ergonomic risk factors. The pairs of variables actually associated were different according to gender confirming the need for future studies aiming the gendered study of MSD causality.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Administratörer

DOI

10.1016/j.ergon.2018.02.006

Referens

Lima, T. M., & Coelho, D. A. (2018). Ergonomic and psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal complaints in public sector administration – A joint monitoring approach with analysis of association. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 66, S. 85–94.

Relationship between stress-related psychosocial work factors and suboptimal health among Chinese medical staff. A cross-sectional study

Liang, Y.-Z., Chu, X., Meng, S.-J., Zhang, J., Wu, L.-J., & Yan, Y.-X.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The study aimed to develop and validate a model to measure psychosocial factors at work among medical staff in China based on confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The second aim of the current study was to clarify the association between stress-related psychosocial work factors and suboptimal health status. Design: The cross-sectional study was conducted using clustered sampling method. Setting: Xuanwu Hospital, a 3A grade hospital in Beijing. Participants: Nine hundred and fourteen medical staff aged over 40 years were sampled. Seven hundred and ninety-seven valid questionnaires were collected and used for further analyses. The sample included 94% of the Han population. Main outcome measures: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaires-25 were used to assess the psychosocial factors at work and suboptimal health status, respectively. CFA was conducted to establish the evaluating method of COPSOQ. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between suboptimal health status and stress-related psychosocial work factors among Chinese medical staff. Results: There was a strong correlation among the five dimensions of COPSOQ based on the first-order factor model. Then, we established two second-order factors including negative and positive psychosocial work stress factors to evaluate psychosocial factors at work, and the second-order factor model fit well. The high score in negative (OR (95% CI)=1.47 (1.34 to 1.62), P<0.001) and positive (OR (95% CI)=0.96 (0.94 to 0.98), P<0.001) psychosocial work factors increased and decreased the risk of suboptimal health, respectively. This relationship remained statistically significant after adjusting for confounders and when using different cut-offs of suboptimal health status. Conclusions: Among medical staff, the second-order factor model was a suitable method to evaluate the COPSOQ. The negative and positive psychosocial work stress factors might be the risk and protective factors of suboptimal health, respectively. Moreover, negative psychosocial work stress was the most associated factor to predict suboptimal health.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Medicinsk personal

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018485

Referens

Liang, Y.-Z., Chu, X., Meng, S.-J., Zhang, J., Wu, L.-J., & Yan, Y.-X. (2018). Relationship between stress-related psychosocial work factors and suboptimal health among Chinese medical staff. A cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 8 (3), e018485.

Evaluation of the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard. Effect on Adverse Psychosocial Work Factors and Psychological Distress

Letellier, M.-C., Duchaine, C. S., Aubé, K. et al.

Sammanfattning

Adverse psychosocial work factors are recognized as a significant source of psychological distress, resulting in a considerable socioeconomic burden. The impact of occupational health standards that aim to reduce these adverse work factors, such as the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard (QHES), is of great interest for public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effect of QHES interventions targeting adverse psychosocial work factors on the prevalence of these factors and of psychological distress among ten Quebec organizations. These outcomes were assessed by questionnaire using validated instruments before (T1, n = 2849) and 2–3 years following (T2, n = 2560) QHES implementation. Beneficial effects of interventions were observed for two adverse psychosocial work factors: low rewards (ratio of prevalence ratios (PRs) = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.66–0.91) and low social support at work (ratio of PRs = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.77–1.03). Moreover, beneficial effects of interventions were also observed on the prevalence of high psychological distress (ratio of PRs = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.75–0.998). Psychosocial interventions implemented in the context of this standard improved the psychosocial work environment and had beneficial effects on workers’ mental health.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3390/ijerph15030426

Referens

Letellier, M.-C., Duchaine, C. S., Aubé, K. et al. (2018). Evaluation of the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard. Effect on Adverse Psychosocial Work Factors and Psychological Distress. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15 (3).

Prolonged sitting at work is associated with a favorable time course of low-back pain among blue-collar workers. A prospective study in the DPhacto cohort

Korshøj, M., Jørgensen, M. B., Hallman, D. M., Lagersted-Olsen, J., Holtermann, A., & Gupta, N.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Low-back pain (LBP) is a massive health problem. Sitting at work has been suggested to be both a risk and protective factor for LBP. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the association between total and temporal patterns of objectively measured sitting duration and individual time course of LBP. Methods: The analysis was performed among 665 participants from the DPhacto cohort of mainly blue-collar workers. Sitting at work was measured by accelerometry at baseline, expressed in total duration and temporal pattern [% of working time spent in brief bursts (<5 minutes), moderate (>5 - <20 minutes) and prolonged periods (>20 minutes)] of sitting. Time course of LBP (0-10 scale) were collected by monthly text messages across one year. Linear mixed models were applied to investigate the association, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Significant negative associations between sitting duration at work and adjusted time course of LBP were found; total sitting (B -0.01, 95% CI -0.01- -0.004), brief bursts (B -0.01, 95% CI -0.02- -0.01), moderate (B -0.01, 95% CI -0.01- -0.008) and prolonged periods (B -0.01, 95% CI -0.02- -0.01). Meaning, a 5-minute increase of sitting at work will correspond to a decrease in one year time course of LBP by -0.05 points. Conclusion: Longer duration of total and temporal sitting periods at work was significantly associated with a favorable time course of LBP. This finding shows sitting at work to be beneficial for LBP, among populations of mainly blue-collar workers, by protecting from LBP aggravation.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Arbetare

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3726

Referens

Korshøj, M., Jørgensen, M. B., Hallman, D. M., Lagersted-Olsen, J., Holtermann, A., & Gupta, N. (2018). Prolonged sitting at work is associated with a favorable time course of low-back pain among blue-collar workers. A prospective study in the DPhacto cohort. Scand J Work Environ Health.

The Role of Work-Related Factors in the Development of Psychological Distress and Associated Mental Disorders. Differential Views of Human Resource Managers, Occupational Physicians, Primary Care Physicians and Psychotherapists in Germany

Junne, F., Michaelis, M., Rothermund, E., Stuber, F., Gündel, H., Zipfel, S., & Rieger, M. A.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study analyses the perceived relevance of stress-dimensions in work-settings from the differential views of Human Resource Managers (HRM), Occupational Physicians (OP), Primary Care Physicians (PCP) and Psychotherapists (PT) in Germany. Methods: Cross-sectional study design, using a self-report questionnaire. Descriptive measures and explorative bivariate methods were applied for group-comparisons. Results are presented as rankings of perceived importance and as polarity profiles of contrasting views. Results: N = 627 participants completed the questionnaires (HRM: n = 172; OP: n = 133; PCP: n = 136; PT: n = 186). The stress dimensions with the highest mean ratings across all four professions were: ‘social relationships in the work place’ (M = 3.55, SD = 0.62) and ‘superiors´ leadership style’ (M = 3.54, SD = 0.64). Mean ratings of perceived relevance of stress dimensions differed most between HRM and the three medical professions. Conclusions: The perceived importance of work-related stress-dimensions seems to be higher in the medical disciplines (OP, PCP, PT) than in the group from the management sector (HRM). However, no fundamental disagreement on the role of work-related stress-dimensions seems to hinder e.g., intensified efforts of cooperation across sectors in tackling the “stress-pandemic” and improving the (mental) health of employees.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

HR-chefer, Primary care physicians, Psychoterapists, Företagsläkare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph15030559

Referens

Junne, F., Michaelis, M., Rothermund, E., Stuber, F., Gündel, H., Zipfel, S., & Rieger, M. A. (2018). The Role of Work-Related Factors in the Development of Psychological Distress and Associated Mental Disorders. Differential Views of Human Resource Managers, Occupational Physicians, Primary Care Physicians and Psychotherapists in Germany. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15 (3).

The quality of working life questionnaire for cancer survivors (QWLQ-CS). Factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility

Jong, M. de, Tamminga, S. J., van Es, R. J. J., Frings-Dresen, M. H. W., & Boer, A. G. E. M. De

Sammanfattning

Background: To assess the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility of the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS). Methods: An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on QWLQ-CS data from a sample of employed cancer survivors to establish the final number of items and factorial structure of the QWLQ-CS. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. In a second sample of (self-)employed cancer survivors, construct validity was tested by convergent validity (correlations of QWLQ-CS with construct-related questionnaires), and discriminative validity (difference in QWLQ-CS scores between cancer survivors and employed people without cancer). In a subgroup of stable cancer survivors subtracted from the second sample, reproducibility was evaluated by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Standard Error of Measurement (SEM). Results: EFA on QWLQ-CS data of 302 cancer survivors resulted in 23 items and five factors. The internal consistency of the QWLQ-CS was Cronbach’s α = 0.91. Convergent validity on data of 130 cancer survivors resulted in r = 0.61–0.70. QWLQ-CS scores of these cancer survivors statistically differed (p = 0.04) from employed people without cancer (N = 45). Reproducibility of QWLQ-CS data from 87 cancer survivors demonstrated an ICC of 0.84 and a SEM of 9.59. Conclusions: The five-factor QWLQ-CS with 23 items and adequate internal consistency, construct validity, and reproducibility at group level can be used in clinical and occupational healthcare, and research settings.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12885-017-3966-1

Referens

Jong, M. de, Tamminga, S. J., van Es, R. J. J., Frings-Dresen, M. H. W., & Boer, A. G. E. M. De (2018). The quality of working life questionnaire for cancer survivors (QWLQ-CS). Factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility. BMC cancer, 18 (1), S. 66.

An ethical leadership program for nursing unit managers.

Jeon, S. H., Park, M., Choi, K., & Kim, M. K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of an ethical leadership program (ELP) on ethical leadership, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and job outcomes of nursing unit managers (UMs) and to examine changes in staff nurses' perception about UMs' EL, OCB, job outcomes, and ethical work environments (EWEs) post-ELP. Design: A quasi-experimental (pre- and post-test design) study conducted six-month intervention (ELP) using self-reported UM survey (n = 44), and staff nurses (n = 158) were randomly extracted by two steps. Methods: The Korean version of Ethical Leadership at Work for UMs' self-ethical leadership, the Ethical Leadership Scale for staff nurses' perceived ethical leadership, a 19-item OCB scale, and six dimensions of the medium-sized Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II for job outcomes and EWEs were administered at baseline and post-intervention. Findings: UMs' ethical leadership scores differed significantly over time in people orientation (p = 0.041) and concern for ethical leadership sustainability (p = 0.002) adjusting for UM experience duration and nursing unit type. Total mean and level of power-sharing of ethical leadership among UMs with < 5 years of UM experience improved significantly over time. Of staff nurses' perception changes about UMs' ethical leadership, OCB, job outcomes, and EWEs, significant improvement over time appeared only in EWEs' work influence level (p = 0.007). Conclusions: This study provides useful information for clinical ELP development and examining the program's effect on leadership skills and followers' outcomes. Program facilitation relies on practical training methods, participant motivation, and assessment outcome designs by controlling clinical confounding factors. Findings have implications as an attempt for intervention to promote competencies related to ethical leadership of nursing unit managers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.nedt.2017.12.017

Referens

Jeon, S. H., Park, M., Choi, K., & Kim, M. K. (2018). An ethical leadership program for nursing unit managers. Nurse Education Today, 62, S. 30–35.

Does Psychosocial Work Environment Factors Predict Stress and Mean Arterial Pressure in the Malaysian Industry Workers?

Javaid, M. U., Isha, A. S. N., Sabir, A. A., Ghazali, Z., & Nübling, M.

Sammanfattning

Psychosocial risks are considered as a burning issue in the Asia-Pacific region. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of psychosocial work environment factors on health of petrochemical industry workers of Malaysia. In lieu to job demands-resources theory, significant positive associations were found between quantitative demands, work-family conflict, and job insecurity with stress, while a significant negative association of role clarity as a resource factor with stress was detected. We also found that quantitative demands were significantly associated with the mean arterial pressure (MAP). Multistage sampling procedure was used to collect study sample. Structural Equation Modeling was used to identify relationship between the endogenous and exogenous variables. Finally, the empirically tested psychosocial work environment model will further help in providing a better risk assessment in different industries and enterprises.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Malaysia

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1155/2018/9563714

Referens

Javaid, M. U., Isha, A. S. N., Sabir, A. A., Ghazali, Z., & Nübling, M. (2018). Does Psychosocial Work Environment Factors Predict Stress and Mean Arterial Pressure in the Malaysian Industry Workers?. BioMed research international, (6), S. 1–11.

The association between exposure to psychosocial work factors and mental health in older employees, a 3-year follow-up study

Havermans, M. B., Boot, R. L. C., Hoekstra, T., Houtman, L. D. I., Brouwers, P. M. E., Anema, R. J., van der Beek, J. A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Unfavourable exposure to psychosocial work factors threatens older employees’ mental health, and their sustained employment. This study assesses whether an improved compared to stable unfavourable and stable favourable exposure to psychosocial work factors is associated with a change in mental health in older employees at 3-year follow-up. Methods: The current study used data from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM), in workers aged 45–65 years (n = 5249). Two-year (2010–2012) exposure was assessed for psychological demands, autonomy, support, mental load, and distributive justice. Linear regression analyses were performed to compare improved exposure to unfavourable psychosocial work factors with stable unfavourable and stable favourable exposure and mental health at follow-up (2013), corrected for confounders. Analyses were stratified for age groups (45–54 and 55–65 years) and gender. Results: In certain subgroups, stable unfavourable exposure to psychological demands, autonomy, support, and distributive justice was associated with a significantly lower mental health score than improved exposure. Stable favourable exposure to support was associated with a higher mental health score than improved support, whereas stable favourable exposure to autonomy was associated with a lower mental health score compared to improved exposure. Conclusions: There is a longitudinal association between changes in exposure to psychosocial work factors and mental health. Improvement in unfavourable exposure to psychosocial work factors was associated with improved mental health. This is important information for organisations that consider deploying measures to improve the psychosocial work environment of older workers.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-017-1261-8

Referens

Havermans, M. B., Boot, R. L. C., Hoekstra, T., Houtman, L. D. I., Brouwers, P. M. E., Anema, R. J., van der Beek, J. A. (2018). The association between exposure to psychosocial work factors and mental health in older employees, a 3-year follow-up study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 91 (1), S. 57–66.

A cohort study on self-reported role stressors at work and poor sleep. Does sense of coherence moderate or mediate the associations?

Hansen, M. Å., Grynderup, B. M., Rugulies, R., Conway, M. P., Garde, H. A., Török, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the bidirectional associations between subjective role ambiguity and role conflicts at work, respectively, and self-reported sleep 2 years later. In addition, we also examine whether sense of coherence (SOC) moderate or mediate the association between role stressors and poor sleep and between poor sleep and role stressors. Methods: We used questionnaire data collected in 2006 and 2008 from the Workplace Bullying and Harassment cohort. In 2006, 3363 responded to the questionnaire and in 2008 1671 responded. In total, 1569 participants responded in both 2006 and 2008 to the questions on role stressors (in terms of role ambiguity and role conflicts at work) and sleep problems in both 2006 and 2008. Sleep problems were assessed with the awakening index (AWI) and the disturbed sleep index (DSI). Moderation and mediation analyses of the association were estimated using structural equation modelling. Results: We found a prospective association between role stressors and sleep problems [beta values were 0.07 (95% CI 0.03–0.11) and 0.05 (CI 0.01–0.10) for DSI and AWI, respectively] when adjusting for sleep problems at baseline, age, sex, and life style factors (i.e. alcohol, smoking, and leisure time physical activity). SOC moderated the association showing that participants with lower SOC scores who reported higher role ambiguity reported sleep problems to a higher extent than participants with high SOC scores. SOC also mediated the association between role stressors and sleep problems. We also found support for sleep problems at baseline and role stressors 2 years later [DSI 0.04 (CI 0.00–0.08) and 0.15 (CI 0.09–0.21)] for role ambiguity and role conflicts, respectively. Similar results were observed for AWI. Conclusion: Subjective role stressors were prospectively associated with sleep problems. Yet, sleep problems could also prospectively predict subjective role stressors (i.e. reverse causation). The analyses also showed that SOC may be regarded as both a mediating and a moderating factor of the association between subjective role conflicts and poor sleep. We found that SOC moderated the prospective association so participants with low SOC report more sleep problems with subjective role conflicts compared to participants with high SOC. Finally, we also found SOC mediated the prospective association between subjective role stressors and sleep problems and the reverse association.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-018-1294-7

Referens

Hansen, M. Å., Grynderup, B. M., Rugulies, R., Conway, M. P., Garde, H. A., Török, E. et al. (2018). A cohort study on self-reported role stressors at work and poor sleep. Does sense of coherence moderate or mediate the associations?. International archives of occupational and environmental health.

The Relationship Between the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Psychosocial Health in Nurses

Roshangar, F., Davoudi, B., Hasankhani, H., Babapour, J.

Sammanfattning

The health of nurses as providers of health affects the quality of care provided by health care organizations to patients. The effort-reward imbalance is accompanied by repressive responses that can lead to physical and psychological diseases as well as stressful experiences in nurses’ activity. Regarding the existence of some discrimination in the system of health, the present study was conducted to determine the relationship between the effort-reward imbalance and psychosocial health in nurses. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 270 nurses working in five medical-educational centers in Tabriz participated through random-quota sampling. The research tool included a demographic questionnaire, Siegrist effort- reward imbalance questionnaire and Copenhagen Psychosocial questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS V18 and descriptive and inferential statistics. In the present study, 54.8% of the patients were suffering from effort- reward imbalance model (occupational stress). The relatively high prevalence of this can be attributed to the conditions of the hospital's working environment. The results of this study showed a significant relationship between psychosocial health and balance of reward and effort in nurses and also the findings of the research showed a positive and significant relationship between mental and social health and the score of effort-reward imbalance model (0.95 = R, and P <0.05). There was a significant relationship between effort and work commitment and job burnout. Considering the stressful nature of the profession among many reasons, the mental health of nurses is at a higher risk than that of other groups in the society. Because some factors related to the imbalance in the effort and reward (stress) is inevitable, it is necessary in the profession of nursing for managers to review their employees' position and characteristics to find out their staff’s attitudes and behaviors and direct them in the right path.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Roshangar, F., Davoudi, B., Hasankhani, H., Babapour, J. (2018). The Relationship Between the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Psychosocial Health in Nurses. Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Sciences, 6 (2), S. 67–73.

Fatigue and depressive symptoms improve but remain negatively related to work functioning over 18 months after return to work in cancer patients

Dorland, H. F., Abma, F. I., Van Zon, S. K. R., Stewart, R. E., Amick, B. C., Ranchor, A. V. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aims of this study are to investigate the course of work functioning, health status, and work-related factors among cancer patients during 18 months after return to work (RTW) and to examine the associations between these variables and work functioning over time. Methods: Data were used from the 18-month longitudinal "Work Life after Cancer" (WOLICA) cohort, among 384 cancer patients who resumed work. Linear mixed models were performed to examine the different courses during 18-month follow-up. Linear regression analyses with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine the associations and interactions. Results: Cancer patients reported an increase of work functioning and a decrease of fatigue and depressive symptoms in the first 12 months, followed by a stable course between 12 and 18 months. Cognitive symptoms were stable during the first 18 months. Working hours increased and social support decreased during the first 6 months; both remained stable between 6 and 18 months. Fatigue, depressive, and cognitive symptoms were negatively associated with work functioning over time; working hours and supervisor social support were positively associated. Conclusions: Interventions to improve cancer patients' work functioning over time might be promising if they are aimed at reducing fatigue, depressive symptoms, cognitive symptoms, and encouraging supervisor social support. Implications For Cancer Survivors: It is important to monitor cancer patients not only in the period directly after RTW but up to 18 months after RTW, allowing for timely interventions when needed.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s11764-018-0676-x

Referens

Dorland, H. F., Abma, F. I., Van Zon, S. K. R., Stewart, R. E., Amick, B. C., Ranchor, A. V. et al. (2018). Fatigue and depressive symptoms improve but remain negatively related to work functioning over 18 months after return to work in cancer patients. Journal of Cancer Survivorship.

Validating the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-II) Using Set-ESEM. Identifying Psychosocial Risk Factors in a Sample of School Principals

Dicke, T., Marsh, W. H., Riley, P., Parker, D. P., Guo, J., Horwood, M.

Sammanfattning

School principals world-wide report high levels of strain and attrition resulting in a shortage of qualified principals. It is thus crucial to identify psychosocial risk factors that reflect principals' occupational wellbeing. For this purpose, we used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-II), a widely used self-report measure covering multiple psychosocial factors identified by leading occupational stress theories. We evaluated the COPSOQ-II regarding factor structure and longitudinal, discriminant, and convergent validity using latent structural equation modeling in a large sample of Australian school principals (N = 2,049). Results reveal that confirmatory factor analysis produced marginally acceptable model fit. A novel approach we call set exploratory structural equation modeling (set-ESEM), where cross-loadings were only allowed within a priori defined sets of factors, fit well, and was more parsimonious than a full ESEM. Further multitrait-multimethod models based on the set-ESEM confirm the importance of a principal's psychosocial risk factors; Stressors and depression were related to demands and ill-being, while confidence and autonomy were related to wellbeing. We also show that working in the private sector was beneficial for showing a low psychosocial risk, while other demographics have little effects. Finally, we identify five latent risk profiles (high risk to no risk) of school principals based on all psychosocial factors. Overall the research presented here closes the theory application gap of a strong multi-dimensional measure of psychosocial risk-factors.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Australien

Yrken

Rektorer

DOI

10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00584

Referens

Dicke, T., Marsh, W. H., Riley, P., Parker, D. P., Guo, J., Horwood, M. (2018). Validating the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ-II) Using Set-ESEM. Identifying Psychosocial Risk Factors in a Sample of School Principals. Front. Psychol, 9, S. 800.

Rehabilitation access and effectiveness for persons with back pain: the protocol of a cohort study (REHAB-BP, DRKS00011554)

Bethge, M., Mattukat, K., Fauser, D., Mau, W.

Sammanfattning

Background: Back pain is one of the most common chronic diseases in Germany and has a major impact on work ability and social participation. The German Pension Insurance (GPI) is the main provider of medical rehabilitation to improve work ability and prevent disability pensions in Germany. However, over half of the persons granted a disability pension have never used a medical rehabilitation service. Furthermore, evidence on the effects of medical rehabilitation in Germany is inconclusive. Consequently, this study has two aims: first, to determine barriers to using rehabilitation services, and second, to examine the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation in German residents with chronic back pain. Methods: In 2017 a postal questionnaire will be sent to 45,000 persons aged 45 to 59 years whose pension insurance contributions are managed by the GPI North or the GPI Central Germany. In 2019 respondents who report back pain in the first survey (n = 5760 expected) will be sent a second questionnaire. Individuals will be eligible for the first survey if they are employed, have neither used nor applied for a rehabilitation programme during the last 4 years and neither received nor applied for a disability pension. The sample will be drawn randomly from the registers of the GPI North (n = 22,500) and the GPI Central Germany (n = 22,500) and stratified by sex and duration of sickness absence benefits. Barriers to rehabilitation services will be related to socio-demographic and social characteristics, pain and attitudes to pain, health and health behaviour, healthcare utilisation, experiences and cognitions about rehabilitation services and job conditions. Propensity score matched analyses will be used to examine the effectiveness of rehabilitation services. Data on use of medical rehabilitation will be extracted from administrative records. The primary outcome is pain disability. Secondary outcomes are pain intensity and days of disability, pain self-efficacy, fear avoidance beliefs, self-rated health, depression, healthcare utilisation, self-rated work ability and subjective prognosis of employability, sickness absence benefits, and disability pensions. Discussion: This study identifies barriers to use of rehabilitation services and determines the effectiveness of medical rehabilitation for patients with chronic back pain.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-017-4588-x

Referens

Bethge, M., Mattukat, K., Fauser, D., Mau, W. (2018). Rehabilitation access and effectiveness for persons with back pain: the protocol of a cohort study (REHAB-BP, DRKS00011554). BMC public health, 18 (1), S. 22.

Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire - A validation study using the Job Demand-Resources model

Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J. J., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This study aims at investigating the nomological validity of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) by using an extension of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model with aspects of work ability as outcome. Material and methods: The study design is cross-sectional. All staff working at public dental organizations in four regions of Sweden were invited to complete an electronic questionnaire (75% response rate, n = 1345). The questionnaire was based on COPSOQ II scales, the Utrecht Work Engagement scale, and the one-item Work Ability Score in combination with a proprietary item. The data was analysed by Structural Equation Modelling. Results: This study contributed to the literature by showing that: A) The scale characteristics were satisfactory and the construct validity of COPSOQ instrument could be integrated in the JD-R framework; B) Job resources arising from leadership may be a driver of the two processes included in the JD-R model; and C) Both the health impairment and motivational processes were associated with WA, and the results suggested that leadership may impact WA, in particularly by securing task resources. Conclusion: In conclusion, the nomological validity of COPSOQ was supported as the JD-R model-can be operationalized by the instrument. This may be helpful for transferral of complex survey results and work life theories to practitioners in the field.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0196450

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J. J., Westerlund, H. (2018). Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire - A validation study using the Job Demand-Resources model. PloS one, 13 (4), e0196450.

Is organizational justice climate at the workplace associated with individual-level quality of care and organizational affective commitment? A multi-level, cross-sectional study on dentistry in Sweden

Berthelsen, H., Conway, M. P., Clausen, T.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate whether organizational justice climate at the workplace level is associated with individual staff members’ perceptions of care quality and affective commitment to the workplace. Methods: The study adopts a cross-sectional multi-level design. Data were collected using an electronic survey and a response rate of 75% was obtained. Organizational justice climate and affective commitment to the workplace were measured by items from Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and quality of care by three self-developed items. Non-managerial staff working at dental clinics with at least five respondents (n = 900 from 68 units) was included in analyses. A set of Level-2 random intercept models were built to predict individual-level organizational affective commitment and perceived quality of care from unit-level organizational justice climate, controlling for potential confounding by group size, gender, age, and occupation. Results: The results of the empty model showed substantial between-unit variation for both affective commitment (ICC-1 = 0.17) and quality of care (ICC-1 = 0.12). The overall results showed that the shared perception of organizational justice climate at the clinical unit level was significantly associated with perceived quality of care and affective commitment to the organization (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Organizational justice climate at work unit level explained all variation in affective commitment among dental clinics and was associated with both the individual staff members’ affective commitment and perceived quality of care. These findings suggest a potential for that addressing organizational justice climate may be a way to promote quality of care and enhancing affective commitment. However, longitudinal studies are needed to support causality in the examined relationships. Intervention research is also recommended to probe the effectiveness of actions increasing unit-level organizational justice climate and test their impact on quality of care and affective commitment.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-017-1275-2

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Conway, M. P., Clausen, T. (2018). Is organizational justice climate at the workplace associated with individual-level quality of care and organizational affective commitment? A multi-level, cross-sectional study on dentistry in Sweden. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 91 (2), S. 237–245.

Work environment and well-being of different occupational groups in hospitality. Job Demand–Control–Support model

Ariza-Montes, A., Arjona-Fuentes, M. J., Han, H., Law, R.

Sammanfattning

The Job Demand–Control and Job Demand–Control–Support (JDCS) models are theoretical approaches that are commonly used to understand the relationship among work characteristics, health, and well-being. In the European context, minimal studies on the main effects and multiplicative model in relation to individual well-being have been conducted. To fill this significant research gap, the present study analyzed the relationship among job demands, job control, social support, and the well-being of certain occupational groups in the European hospitality sector. The JDCS model is critical for the future of the hospitality industry due to its significant role in employees’ well-being, strain, and conflict. Different logistic regression models were employed to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings of the data collected from approximately 2000 hospitality employees (a heterogeneous sample in a homogeneous occupational field given the need to use additional homogeneous samples for improved analysis) in Europe confirm the strain (only among managers) and iso-strain hypotheses of the JDCS model across three occupational groups.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Värdar/Värdinnor

DOI

10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.01.010

Referens

Ariza-Montes, A., Arjona-Fuentes, M. J., Han, H., Law, R. (2018). Work environment and well-being of different occupational groups in hospitality. Job Demand–Control–Support model. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 73, S. 1–11.

Time utilization and perceived psychosocial work environment among staff in Swedish primary care settings

Anskär, E., Lindberg, M., Falk, M., Andersson, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Over the past decades, reorganizations and structural changes in Swedish primary care have affected time utilization among health care professionals. Consequently, increases in administrative tasks have substantially reduced the time available for face-to-face consultations. This study examined how work-time was utilized and the association between work time utilization and the perceived psychosocial work environment in Swedish primary care settings. Methods: This descriptive, multicentre, cross-sectional study was performed in 2014–2015. Data collection began with questionnaire. In the first section, respondents were asked to estimate how their workload was distributed between patients (direct and indirect patient work) and other work tasks. The questionnaire also comprised the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, which assessed the psychosocial work environment. Next a time study was conducted where the participants reported their work-time based on three main categories: direct patient-related work, indirect patient-related work, and other work tasks. Each main category had a number of subcategories. The participants recorded the time spent (minutes) on each work task per hour, every day, for two separate weeks. Eleven primary care centres located in southeast Sweden participated. All professionals were asked to participate (n = 441), including registered nurses, primary care physicians, care administrators, nurse assistants, and allied professionals. Response rates were 75% and 79% for the questionnaires and the time study, respectively. Results: All health professionals allocated between 30.9% - 37.2% of their work-time to each main category: direct patient work, indirect patient work, and other work. All professionals estimated a higher proportion of time spent in direct patient work than they reported in the time study. Physicians scored highest on the psychosocial scales of quantitative demands, stress, and role conflicts. Among allied professionals, the proportion of work-time spent on administrative tasks was associated with more role conflicts. Younger staff perceived more adverse working conditions than older staff. Conclusions: This study indicated that Swedish primary care staff spent a limited proportion of their work time directly with patients. PCPs seemed to perceive their work environment in negative terms to a greater extent than other staff members. This study showed that work task allocations influenced the perceived psychosocial work environment.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

#N/A

DOI

10.1186/s12913-018-2948-6

Referens

Anskär, E., Lindberg, M., Falk, M., Andersson, A. (2018). Time utilization and perceived psychosocial work environment among staff in Swedish primary care settings. BMC health services research, 18 (1), S. 166.

The association of health and voluntary early retirement pension and the modifying effect of quality of supervision: Results from a Danish register-based follow-up study

Wind, de A., Burr, H., Pohrt, A., Hasselhorn, H.-M., van der Beek, J. A., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aims of this article are to (1) determine whether and to what extent general perceived health and quality of supervision predict voluntary early retirement pension (VERP) and (2) assess whether quality of supervision modifies the association between general perceived health and VERP. Methods: Employees aged 49–64 years who participated in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2000 were selected. Their questionnaire data about health and work were linked to register data on social transfer payments, among others VERP, from 2001 to 2012 in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization (N=1167). Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to identify the prospective association of general perceived health and quality of supervision on VERP. Relative excess risks due to interaction (RERIs) were calculated to assess whether quality of supervision modified the association between health and VERP. Results: Employees with poor health at baseline had an increased risk of VERP during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR]=1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.49). Quality of supervision at baseline was not associated to VERP during follow-up (HR=1.04; 95% CI 0.90–1.21). There was no statistically significant interaction of poor health and poor quality of supervision with regard to risk of VERP (RERI=−0.33; 95% CI −1.79 to 1.14). Conclusions:This study did not support the notion that quality of supervision buffers the association between poor health and VERP. Future research is needed to determine whether other aspects of supervision, for example supervisors’ opportunities to effectuate workplace adjustments, may modify the association of poor health and VERP.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494817699998

Referens

Wind, de A., Burr, H., Pohrt, A., Hasselhorn, H.-M., van der Beek, J. A., Rugulies, R. (2017). The association of health and voluntary early retirement pension and the modifying effect of quality of supervision: Results from a Danish register-based follow-up study. Scandinavian journal of public health.

Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) – psychometric properties of selected scales in the Polish version

Widerszal-Bazyl, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionniare (COPSOQ) has many advantages as compared to other similar instruments, i.a., it is not related to one single theoretical model and it measures a wide spectrum of psychosocial working conditions that have shown proven impact on health. The aim of the article is to summarize information on psychometric properties of 11 scales in the Polish version: Quantitative Demands, Emotional Demands, Influence at Work, Social Support, Possibilities for Development, Meaning of Work, Role Clarity, Quality of Leadership, Job Insecurity, Job Satisfaction, and General Health. Material and Methods: Analyses were based on the results of 4 research projects, in which the Polish version of the COPCOQ scales has been used: on a representative sample of Polish nurses (N = 4354), job insecurity in 2 groups of civil servants (N = 295, N = 724), mobbing among teachers (N = 1037) and psychological consequences of restructuring (N = 1396). The following psychometric characteristics were analysed: internal reliability, theoretical validity, and factorial validity. Results: Internal reliability of the following 8 scales was found satisfactory: Quantitative Demands, Influence at Work, Social Support, Possibilities for Development, Meaning of Work, Quality of Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and General Health (Cronbach’s α = 0.7–0.91, depending on the scale). The results of exploratory factor analyses indicated factorial separateness of the above mentioned scales. Theoretical validity of 11 scales was confirmed; they were associated with variables that can be regarded as their validity criteria. Conclusions: The 8 COPSOQ scales, in the Polish version, can be recommended for using in the research involving psychosocial job characteristics. Mean scores on these scales and standard deviations given in the article can serve as reference points during an evaluation of received results.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Polen

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.13075/mp.5893.00443

Referens

Widerszal-Bazyl, M. (2017). Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) – psychometric properties of selected scales in the Polish version. Med Pr.

A life course perspective on mental health problems, employment, and work outcomes

Veldman, K., Reijneveld, A. S., Verhulst, C. F., Ortiz, A. J., Bültmann, U.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Little is known about how employment and work outcomes among young adults are influenced by their life-course history of mental health problems. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (i) identify trajectories of mental health problems from childhood to young adulthood and (ii) investigate the association between these trajectories and employment and work outcomes among young adults. Methods: Data were used from 360 participants of the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a Dutch prospective cohort study, with 12-year follow-up. Trajectories of externalizing and internalizing problems were identified with latent class growth models. Employment conditions and work outcomes (ie, psychosocial work characteristics) were measured at age 22. We assessed the association between mental health trajectories and employment conditions and work outcomes. Results: Four trajectories of mental health problems were identified: high-stable, decreasing, moderate-stable and low-stable. Young adults with high-stable trajectories of externalizing problems worked over six hours more [B=6.71, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.82-10.6] and had a higher income [odds ratio (OR) 0.33, 95% CI 0.15-0.71], than young adults with low-stable trajectories. Young adults with high-stable trajectories of internalizing problems worked six hours less per week (B=-6.07, 95% CI -10.1- -2.05) and reported lower income (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.53-7.74) and poorer psychosocial work characteristics, compared to young adults with low-stable trajectories. Conclusions: Among young adults who had a paid job at the age of 22 (and were not a student or unemployed), those with a history of internalizing problems are less likely to transition successfully into the labor market, compared to other young adults.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3651

Referens

Veldman, K., Reijneveld, A. S., Verhulst, C. F., Ortiz, A. J., Bültmann, U. (2017). A life course perspective on mental health problems, employment, and work outcomes. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

Effectiveness and Cost-benefit Evaluation of a Comprehensive Workers' Health Surveillance Program for Sustainable Employability of Meat Processing Workers

van Holland, J. B., Reneman, F. M., Soer, R., Brouwer, S., De Boer, R. M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive workers’ health surveillance (WHS) program on aspects of sustainable employability and cost-benefit. Methods: A cluster randomized stepped wedge trial was performed in a Dutch meat processing company from february 2012 until march 2015. In total 305 workers participated in the trial. Outcomes were retrieved during a WHS program, by multiple questionnaires, and from company registries. Primary outcomes were sickness absence, work ability, and productivity. Secondary outcomes were health, vitality, and psychosocial workload. Data were analyzed with linear and logistic multilevel models. Cost-benefit analyses from the employer’s perspective were performed as well. Results: Primary outcomes sickness absence (OR = 1.40), work ability (B = −0.63) and productivity (OR = 0.71) were better in the control condition. Secondary outcomes did not or minimally differ between conditions. Of the 12 secondary outcomes, the only outcome that scored better in the experimental condition was meaning of work (B = 0.18). Controlling for confounders did not or minimally change the results. However, our stepped wedge design did not enable adjustment for confounding in the last two periods of the trial. The WHS program resulted in higher costs for the employer on the short and middle term. Conclusions: Primary outcomes did not improve after program implementation and secondary outcomes remained equal after implementation. The program was not cost-beneficial after 1–3 year follow-up. Main limitation that may have contributed to absence of positive effects may be program failure, because interventions were not deployed as intended.

År

2018

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1007/s10926-017-9699-9

Referens

van Holland, J. B., Reneman, F. M., Soer, R., Brouwer, S., De Boer, R. M. (2018). Effectiveness and Cost-benefit Evaluation of a Comprehensive Workers' Health Surveillance Program for Sustainable Employability of Meat Processing Workers. Journal of occupational rehabilitation.

Supervisors’ Ability to Manage Their Own Emotions Influences the Effectiveness of Their Support-Giving

Tucker, K. M., Jimmieson, L. N.

Sammanfattning

Although supervisor support is generally considered a job resource that buffers the negative consequences of job demands, reverse-buffering effects have been found. It was proposed that supervisor support would be stress buffering when supervisors were skilled in emotion management and stress exacerbating when supervisors were low in emotion management. A sample of 210 US employees found three-way interactions on psychological strain, job burnout, and two stress-related intentions. Supportive supervisors high in emotion management buffered high emotional demands on psychological strain and medical advice intentions, but not burnout or turnover intentions. The stress-exacerbating hypothesis was not supported. Instead, employees with highly supportive supervisors low in emotion management reported low strain at low emotional demands. However, this benefit was diminished at high emotional demands.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1027/1866-5888/a000189

Referens

Tucker, K. M., Jimmieson, L. N. (2017). Supervisors’ Ability to Manage Their Own Emotions Influences the Effectiveness of Their Support-Giving. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 16 (4), S. 195–205.

What is the impact of shift work on the psychological functioning and resilience of nurses? An integrative review

Tahghighi, M., Rees, S. C., Brown, A. J., Breen, J. L., Hegney, D.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To synthesize existing research to determine if nurses who work shifts have poorer psychological functioning and resilience than nurses who do not work shifts.Background: Research exploring the impact of shift work on the psychological functioning and resilience of nurses is limited compared with research investigating the impact of shifts on physical outcomes. Design: Integrative literature review. Data Sources: Relevant databases were searched from January 1995-August 2016 using the combination of keywords: nurse, shift work; rotating roster; night shift; resilient; hardiness; coping; well-being; burnout; mental health; occupational stress; compassion fatigue; compassion satisfaction; stress; anxiety; depression. Review Methods: Two authors independently performed the integrative review processes proposed by Whittemore and Knafl and a quality assessment using the mixed-methods appraisal tool by Pluye et al. Results: A total of 37 articles were included in the review (32 quantitative, 4 qualitative and 1 mixed-methods). Approximately half of the studies directly compared nurse shift workers with non-shift workers. Findings were grouped according to the following main outcomes: (1) general psychological well-being/quality of life; (2) Job satisfaction/burnout; (3) Depression, anxiety and stress; and (4) Resilience/coping. We did not find definitive evidence that shift work is associated with poorer psychological functioning in nurses. Overall, the findings suggest that the impact of shift work on nurse psychological functioning is dependent on several contextual and individual factors. Conclusion: More studies are required which directly compare the psychological outcomes and resilience of nurse shift workers with non-shift workers.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1111/jan.13283

Referens

Tahghighi, M., Rees, S. C., Brown, A. J., Breen, J. L., Hegney, D. (2017). What is the impact of shift work on the psychological functioning and resilience of nurses? An integrative review. Journal of advanced nursing.

Retrospectively assessed physical work environment during working life and risk of sickness absence and labour market exit among older workers

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To determine the prospective association between retrospectively assessed physical work environment during working life and prospectively assessed sickness absence and labour market exit among older workers. Methods: Using Cox regression analyses we estimated the 4-year to 6-year prospective risk of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA), disability pension, early retirement and unemployment from exposure to different physical work environmental factors during working life among 5076 older workers (age 49–63 at baseline) from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank cohort. Results Very hard physical work throughout working life was a risk factor for LTSA (HR 1.66,95% CI 1.32 to 2.07), disability pension (HR 2.21,95% CI 1.04 to 4.72) and early retirement (HR 1.57,95% CI 1.13 to 2.17). Both short-term (<10 years) and long-term (≥20 years) exposures to lifting or carrying of heavy burdens predicted the risk of LTSA (HRs 1.49–1.56) and disability pension (HRs 2.26–3.29). In contrast, exposure to dust was associated with LTSA and disability pension only following 20 or more exposure years. Conclusions: Retrospectively assessed hard physical work during working life and exposure to several factors in the physical work environment, especially heavy lifting, were important for labour market exit and sickness absence. This study underscores the importance of reducing physical work exposures throughout the working life course for preventing sickness absence and premature exit from the labour market.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oemed-2016-104279

Referens

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al. (2017). Retrospectively assessed physical work environment during working life and risk of sickness absence and labour market exit among older workers. Occupational and environmental medicine.

Cumulative occupational mechanical exposures during working life and risk of sickness absence and disability pension: prospective cohort study

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prospective association of cumulative mechanical exposure during working life with health-related labor market outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort study combines data from 5076 older workers (age 49-63 years) from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank with a job exposure matrix and a national register containing information on social transfer payment. By coding individual job histories from the Danish version of ISCO-codes (International Standard Classification of Occupations), we calculated cumulative occupational mechanical exposures from a JEM for ton-years (lifting 1000 kg each day in one year), lifting-years (lifting loads weighing ≥20 kg >10 times each day in one year), kneeling-years (kneeling for one hour each day in one year) and vibration-years (whole-body vibration for one hour each day in one year). Cox-regression analyses estimated the relative risk of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA) and disability pension with cumulative occupational mechanical exposures throughout working life. Analyses were censored for competing events and adjusted for multiple confounders. Results: During the follow-up period, 970 persons (19.3%) had ≥1 episode of LTSA and 85 persons (1.7%) were granted a disability pension. Number of ton-, lifting- and kneeling-years showed an exposure-response association with increased risk of LTSA (P<0.0001). In addition, both long term [≥20 years; hazard ratio (HR) 1.76 95% CI 1.39-2.22] and short term (<10 years; HR 1.20 95% CI 1.02-1.41) exposure to kneeling work increased the risk of LTSA. Lifting-years, but not the other mechanical exposures, were associated with risk of disability pension (HR 1.75 95% CI 1.01-3.04). Conclusions: Cumulative occupational mechanical exposures during working life - such as lifting and kneeling work - increased the risk of LTSA. Importantly, being exposed to lifting increased the risk of disability pension.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3663

Referens

Sundstrup, E., Hansen, M. Å., Mortensen, L. E., Poulsen, M. O., Clausen, T., Rugulies, R. et al. (2017). Cumulative occupational mechanical exposures during working life and risk of sickness absence and disability pension: prospective cohort study. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 43 (5), S. 415–425.

Leadership quality. A factor important for social capital in healthcare organizations

Strömgren, M., Eriksson, A., Ahlstrom, L., Bergman, D. K., Dellve, L.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between leadership and social capital and what qualities of leadership are important for social capital among employees in hospital settings over time. Design/methodology/approach: A cohort of employees in hospitals answered a questionnaire at three occasions. Five small (approx. 100-bed) or mid-sized (approx. 500-bed) hospitals were included. The response rate was 54 percent at baseline (n=865), 59 percent at one-year follow-up (n=908) and 67 percent at two-year follow-up (n=632). Findings: Repeated measures over time showed differences between groups in levels of social capital with respect to levels of leadership quality. Relation-oriented leadership had the strongest association with social capital. There was evidence that leadership was associated with social capital over time and that different kinds of leadership qualities were associated with social capital. Research limitations/implications: This study conducted and analyzed quantitative data, and therefore, there is no knowledge of managers’ or employees’ own perceptions in this study. However, it would be interesting to compare managers’ decreased and increased leadership quality and how such differences affect social capital over time. Practical implications: The findings feature the possibility for healthcare leaders to build high quality leadership as an important resource for social capital, by using different leadership orientations under different circumstances. Originality/value: The paper showed that leadership was an important factor for building social capital and that different leadership qualities have different importance with respect to certain circumstances.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1108/JHOM-12-2016-0246

Referens

Strömgren, M., Eriksson, A., Ahlstrom, L., Bergman, D. K., Dellve, L. (2017). Leadership quality. A factor important for social capital in healthcare organizations. J of Health Org and Mgt, 31 (2).

Intention to leave among health care professionals. The importance of working conditions and social capital

Strömgren, M.

Sammanfattning

Hospitals in Sweden are redesigning their care processes to increase efficiency. However, related to these changes, there is a risk of increased staff intention to leave and turnover due to increased workload and work pace. The literature on work engagement and job demands and resources suggests that specific job resources can buffer negative effects; i.e., intention to leave because of job demands. Social capital is suggested to have the potential to be a resource associated with staff intention to leave. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between social capital and intention to leave and to test if social capital moderates the relationship between job demands and intention to leave. A sample of five hospitals working under conditions of improvements of care processes were studied using a questionnaire administered to the healthcare clinicians (n = 849). High levels of social capital were associated with low levels of intention to leave. However, the moderating effect of social capital was not confirmed. Intention to leave among occupational groups was influenced differently by social capital, other job resources, and job demands.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.5430/jha.v6n3p58

Referens

Strömgren, M. (2017). Intention to leave among health care professionals. The importance of working conditions and social capital. JHA, 6 (3), S. 58.

Quantifying Multiple Work-Related Psychosocial Risk Factors: Proposal for a Composite Indicator Based on the COPSOQ II

Stauder, A., Nistor, K., Zakor, T., Szabó, A., Nistor, A., Ádám, S., Konkolÿ Thege, B.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To determine national reference values for the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) across occupational sectors and develop a composite score to estimate the cumulative effect of multiple work-related stressors, in order to facilitate the implementation of occupational health directives on psychosocial risk assessment. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected via an online questionnaire. The sample included 13,104 individuals and was representative of the general Hungarian adult working population in terms of gender, age, education, and occupation. Mean scores were calculated for 18 scales on work environment and for 5 outcome scales of the COPSOQ II across 18 occupational sectors. We analyzed the association between a composite psychosocial risk score (CPRS), reflecting severity of exposure to multiple risk factors, and high stress, burnout, sleep troubles, and poor self-rated health. Results: We found occupation-related differences in the mean scores on all COPSOQ II scales. Scores on the "Stress" scale ranged from 47.9 to 56.2, with the highest mean score in accommodation and food services sector. Variability was greatest with respect to emotional demands (range 40.3-67.6) and smallest with respect to role clarity (range 70.3-75.7). The prevalence of negative health outcomes increased with the CPRS. Five risk categories were formed, for which the odds ratio of negative outcomes ranged from 1.6 to 56.5. Conclusion: The sector-specific psychosocial risk profiles covering 18 work environmental factors can be used as a reference in organizational surveys and international comparisons. The CPRS proved to be a powerful predictor of self-reported negative health outcomes.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Ungern

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s12529-017-9651-6

Referens

Stauder, A., Nistor, K., Zakor, T., Szabó, A., Nistor, A., Ádám, S., Konkolÿ Thege, B. (2017). Quantifying Multiple Work-Related Psychosocial Risk Factors: Proposal for a Composite Indicator Based on the COPSOQ II. International journal of behavioral medicine.

The moderating effect of psychosocial work environment on the relationship between team learning and employee performance in the kenyan islamic banking practice

Salyani Mohamed S., Maru L., Korir M., Kemboi A.

Sammanfattning

The banking sector in Kenya has become extremely competitive with 43 banks serving a total population of 40 Million. This created cut throat competition in the industry where the customers are now multibanked. Since the regulator, central Bank of Kenya has place strict controls on pricing, the only option left is through the delivery of exceptional service. The employees being the only mode of that service delivery, it has become challenging for the organizations to keep the employees motivated and focused to achieve the organization goals. While the Islamic banking concept has been in practice for more than 40 years around the world, it was introduced in Kenya in the year 2007 with 2 fully Shariah compliant banks while many other windows offering the concept were also accessible to the Kenyan public. This also brought additional challenges to the banking sector and the employees who were career conventional bankers to focus on the idelologies of the Islamic banking practice. The aim of this study was to determine the moderating effect of psychosocial work environment on the relationship between shared vision and employee performance. The explanatory research design was adopted for this study. The target population was considered to be 600 employees and the sample size of 173 was obtained using the proportionate sampling method from three banks offering Islamic Banking products. Data was collected using five point Likert scale. Data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that shared vision (β=0.7511 p- value 0.00) as an organizational memory tool had a statistically significant effect on employee performance. The study further failed to reject the null hypothesis for the moderating effect of psychosocial work environment on the relationship between shared vision and employee performance (β=0.02672, p-value=0.104. This study concludes that shared vision is important for employee performance, however, psychosocial work environments does not affect the vision and goals of individuals and their performances. It is therefore recommended that Banks practicing Islamic Banking concept should concentrate in developing and sycnchronising the goals of individuals and those of the bank. This should be done by developing career paths for all job descriptions and criteria to be available for the staff so as to aim precisely for themselves and inturn grow the performance of the organization as a whole.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kenya

Yrken

Bankpersonal

Referens

Salyani Mohamed S., Maru L., Korir M., Kemboi A. (2017). The moderating effect of psychosocial work environment on the relationship between team learning and employee performance in the kenyan islamic banking practice. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 5 (12), S. 246–263.

Importance of social capital at the workplace for return to work among women with a history of long-term sick leave: a cohort study

Rydström, I., Dalheim Englund, L., Dellve, L., Ahlstrom, L.

Sammanfattning

Background: The workplace is an essential source of social capital for many people; it provides mutual support and gives meaning to life. However, few prospective studies have thoroughly investigated the importance of aspects of social capital in the workplace. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between aspects of social capital (social support, sense of community, and quality of leadership) at the workplace, and work ability, working degree, and vitality among women with a history of long-term sick leave from human service organizations. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was performed among women with a history of long-term sick leave. The study started in 2005, and the women were followed up at 6 months, 1 year, and 6 years using self-reported questionnaires (baseline n = 283). Linear mixed models were used for longitudinal analysis of the repeated measurements of prospective degree of work ability, working degree, and vitality. Analyses were performed with different models; the explanatory variables for each model were social support, sense of community, and quality of leadership and time. Results: Social capital in terms of quality of leadership (being good at solving conflicts and giving high priority to job satisfaction), sense of community (co-operation between colleagues) and social support (help and support from immediate superiors and colleagues) increased the women’s work ability score (WAS) as well as working degree over time. Additionally, social capital in terms of quality of leadership increased the women’s vitality score over time. Conclusions: A sustainable return-to-work process among individuals with a history of long-term sick leave, going in and out of work participation, could be supported with social support, good quality of leadership, and a sense of community at the workplace. The responsibility for the rehabilitation process can not be reduced to an individual problem, but ought to include all stakeholders involved in the process, such as managers, colleagues, health care services, and the social security agency.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12912-017-0234-2

Referens

Rydström, I., Dalheim Englund, L., Dellve, L., Ahlstrom, L. (2017). Importance of social capital at the workplace for return to work among women with a history of long-term sick leave: a cohort study. BMC nursing, 16, S. 38.

Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample

Rose, D. M., Seidler, A., Nubling, M., Latza, U., Brahler, E., Klein, E. M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: While work-related fatigue has become an issue of concern among European employees, the relationship between fatigue, depression and work-related stressors is far from clear. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the associations of fatigue with work-related stressors, severe medical disease, health behavior and depression in the working population and (2) to determine the unique impact of work-related stressors on fatigue. Methods: We used cross-sectional data of N = 7,930 working participants enrolled in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) from 2007 to 2012 filled out the Personal Burnout Scale (PBS) of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the PHQ-9, and a list of work-related stressors. Results: A total of 27.5% reported increased fatigue, esp. women, younger persons with a lower social status and income, smokers, severely medically ill, previously and currently depressed participants. Fatigue was consistently associated with severe medical disease, health behavior and depression, which need to be taken into account as potential confounders when analyzing its relationship to work-related strains. Depression was consistently associated with work-related stressors. However, after statistically partialling out depression, fatigue was still significantly associated with work-related stress. Conclusions: Fatigue as an indicator of allostatic load is consistently associated with work-related stressors such as work overload after controlling for depression. The brief Personal Burn-out Scale is suitable for assessing work-related fatigue in the general population.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12888-017-1237-y

Referens

Rose, D. M., Seidler, A., Nubling, M., Latza, U., Brahler, E., Klein, E. M. et al. (2017). Associations of fatigue to work-related stress, mental and physical health in an employed community sample. BMC psychiatry, 17 (1), S. 167.

The Portuguese long version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) - a validation study

Rosário, S., Azevedo, L. F., Fonseca, J. A., Nienhaus, A., Nübling, M., da Costa, J. T.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychosocial risks are now widely recognised as one of the biggest challenges for occupational safety and health (OSH) and a major public health concern. The aim of this paper is to investigate the Portuguese long version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II), in order to analyse the psychometric properties of the instrument and to validate it. Methods: The Portuguese COPSOQ II was issued to a total of 745 Portuguese employees from both private and public organisations across several economic sectors at a baseline and then 2 weeks later. Methodological quality appraisal was based on COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) recommendations. An analysis of the psychometric properties of the long version of COPSOQ II (internal consistency, intraclass correlation coefficient, floor and ceiling effects, response rate, missing values, mean and standard deviation, exploratory factor analysis) was performed to determine the validity and reliability of the instrument. Results: The COPSOQ II had a response rate of 60.6% (test) and a follow-up response rate of 59.5% (retest). In general, a Cronbach's alpha of the COPSOQ scales (test and retest) was above the conventional threshold of 0.70. The test-retest reliability estimated by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) showed a higher reliability for most of the scales, above the conventional 0.7, except for eight scales. The proportion of the missing values was less than 1.3%, except for two scales. The average scores and standard deviations showed similar results to the original Danish study, except for eight scales. All of the scales had low floor and ceiling effects, with one exception. Overall, the exploratory factor analysis presented good results in 27 scales assuming a reflective measurement model. The hypothesized factor structure under a reflective model was not supported in 14 scales and for some but not all of these scales the explanation may be a formative measurement model. Conclusion: The Portuguese long version of COPSOQ II is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing psychosocial risks in the workplace. Although the results are good for most of the scales, there are those that should be evaluated in greater depth in future studies. This instrument may contribute to the promotion of a healthy working environment and workforce, providing clear benefits for companies and employees.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12995-017-0170-9

Referens

Rosário, S., Azevedo, L. F., Fonseca, J. A., Nienhaus, A., Nübling, M., da Costa, J. T. (2017). The Portuguese long version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) - a validation study. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 12, S. 24.

Social capital and workplace bullying

Pihl, P., Albertsen, K., Hogh, A., Andersen, L. P. S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Workplace bullying is a serious stressor with devastating short- and long-term consequences. The concept of organizational social capital may provide insights into the interactional and communicative dynamics of the bullying process and opportunities for prevention. Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between organizational social capital and being a target or observer of workplace bullying. Methods: Based on self-reported cross-sectional data from a large representative sample of the Danish working population (n = 10.037), logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore at the individual level the associations between vertical and horizontal organizational social capital with being a target or observer of workplace bullying. Results: In the fully adjusted models, low organizational social capital (vertical and horizontal) was associated with significantly increased odds ratios of both self-labelled (vertical: OR = 3.25; CI = 2.34-4.51; horizontal: OR = 3.17; CI = 2.41-4.18) and observed workplace bullying (vertical: OR = 2.09; CI = 1.70-2.56; horizontal: OR = 1.60; CI = 1.35-1.89), when compared with high organizational social capital. Conclusions: This study supports that characteristics of the psychosocial work environment are of importance in the development of workplace bullying, and provides focus on the importance of self-reported organizational social capital.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3233/WOR-172589

Referens

Pihl, P., Albertsen, K., Hogh, A., Andersen, L. P. S. (2017). Social capital and workplace bullying. Work (Reading, Mass.).

Combining informal care and paid work: The use of work arrangements by working adult-child caregivers in the Netherlands

Oldenkamp, M., Bültmann, U., Wittek, R. P. M., Stolk, R. P., Hagedoorn, M., Smidt, N.

Sammanfattning

An increasing number of people combine paid work with the provision of informal care for a loved one. This combination of work and care may cause difficulties, necessitating adaptations at work, i.e. work arrangements. The present study explores what types of work arrangements are used by working caregivers, and which caregiver, care and work characteristics are associated with the use of these work arrangements. Within the Lifelines Informal Care Add-on Study (Lifelines ICAS), data on 965 Dutch informal caregivers in the North of the Netherlands were collected between May 2013 and July 2014 (response rate 48%), and data on 333 working adult-child caregivers (aged 26-68 years, 82% female) were used in this study. A small majority (56%) of the working caregivers used one or more work arrangement(s): taking time off (41%), individual agreements with supervisor (30%), formal care leave arrangement (13%), and reduction in paid work hours (6%). Logistic regression analyses showed that long working hours (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.08), and the experience of more health problems (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.56-4.05) or a disrupted schedule due to caregiving (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.66-3.78) increased the chance to have used one or more work arrangements. Lower educated working caregivers were less likely to have used a formal care leave arrangement (tertiary vs. primary education OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.13-6.67; tertiary vs. secondary education OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.27-5.09). Policy makers should inform working caregivers about the availability of the different work arrangements, with specific attention for low educated working caregivers. Employers need to consider a more caregiver-friendly policy, as almost half of the working adult-child caregivers did not use any work arrangement.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/hsc.12485

Referens

Oldenkamp, M., Bültmann, U., Wittek, R. P. M., Stolk, R. P., Hagedoorn, M., Smidt, N. (2017). Combining informal care and paid work: The use of work arrangements by working adult-child caregivers in the Netherlands. Health & social care in the community.

Work characteristics predict the development of multi-site musculoskeletal pain

Oakman, J., Wind, A. De., van den Heuvel, S. G., van der Beek, A. J.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Musculoskeletal pain in more than one body region is common and a barrier to sustaining employment. We aimed to examine whether work characteristics predict the development of multi-site pain (MSP), and to determine differences in work-related predictors between age groups. Methods: This study is based on 5136 employees from the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM) who reported no MSP at baseline. Measures included physical, emotional, mental, and psychological job demands, social support and autonomy. Predictors of MSP were studied by logistic regression analyses. Univariate and multivariate analyses with age stratification (45-49, 50-54, 55-59, and 60-64 years) were done to explore differences between age groups. Results: All work characteristics with the exception of autonomy were predictive of the development of MSP, with odds ratios varying from 1.21 (95% CI 1.04-1.40) for mental job demands to 1.63 (95% CI 1.43-1.86) for physical job demands. No clear pattern of age-related differences in the predictors of MSP emerged, with the exception of social support, which was predictive of MSP developing in all age groups except for the age group 60-64 years. Conclusions: Adverse physical and psychosocial work characteristics are associated with MSP. Organisations need to comprehensively assess work environments to ensure that all relevant workplace hazards, physical and psychosocial, are identified and then controlled for across all age groups.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-017-1228-9

Referens

Oakman, J., Wind, A. De., van den Heuvel, S. G., van der Beek, A. J. (2017). Work characteristics predict the development of multi-site musculoskeletal pain. International archives of occupational and environmental health.

Specific psychosocial exposures for workers' mental health: A population-based study

Navarro, A., Utzet, M., Salas, S., Llorens, C., Molinero-Ruiz, E., Moncada, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: In order to plan interventions it is important to obtain evidence on the relation between a health outcome and specific exposures. However, there are few studies that identify the effect of specific psychosocial work exposures on poor mental health. This is the aim of this study. Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study in Catalonia. We estimated prevalence ratios (PR) of minor psychiatric disorder associated with several psychosocial work exposures. Results: The items with highest PR were “Are there times when you need to be at work and at home at the same time?” (PR = 1.81), “Are you worried about a variation in your salary?” (PR = 1.77), “Is your work emotionally demanding?” (PR = 1.65) and “Are you worried about it being difficult for you to find another job if you became unemployed?” (PR = 1.51). Conclusions: This study could be useful in order to begin planning interventions on specific psychosocial exposures to protect mental health in the workplace.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Katalonien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22733

Referens

Navarro, A., Utzet, M., Salas, S., Llorens, C., Molinero-Ruiz, E., Moncada, S. (2017). Specific psychosocial exposures for workers' mental health: A population-based study. American journal of industrial medicine, 60 (8), S. 747–752.

Occupational Well-being Among University Faculty. A Job Demands-Resources Model

Mudrak, J., Zabrodska, K., Kveton, P., Jelinek, M., Blatny, M., Solcova, I., Machovcova, K.

Sammanfattning

The effects of changing academic environments on faculty well-being have attracted considerable research attention. However, few studies have examined the multifaceted relationships between the academic work environment and the multiple dimensions of faculty well-being using a comprehensive theoretical framework. To address this gap, this study implemented the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model to investigate how job demands/resources in the academic environment interact with multiple dimensions of faculty well-being. The study participants were 1389 full-time faculty members employed in public universities in the Czech Republic. The participants completed a questionnaire assessing perceived job resources (influence over work, support from supervisor and colleagues), job demands (quantitative demands, work-family conflicts and job insecurity) and three dimensions of faculty well-being (job satisfaction, stress and work engagement). A structural equation model was used to test the effects of “dual processes” hypothesized by the JDR theory, i.e., the existence of two relatively independent paths between job demands/resources and positive/negative aspects of faculty well-being. The model showed a very good fit to our data and explained 60% of the variance in faculty job satisfaction, 46%, in stress and 20% in work engagement. The results provide evidence for the dual processes, including the “motivational process” (i.e., job resources were related predominantly to work engagement and job satisfaction) and the “health impairment process” (i.e., job demands were predominantly associated with stress, mostly through work-family conflict). The study expands current research on faculty well-being by demonstrating the complex, non-linear relationships between academic work environments and different dimensions of faculty well-being.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tjeckien

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s11162-017-9467-x

Referens

Mudrak, J., Zabrodska, K., Kveton, P., Jelinek, M., Blatny, M., Solcova, I., Machovcova, K. (2017). Occupational Well-being Among University Faculty. A Job Demands-Resources Model. Res High Educ, 33 (5), S. 553.

A systematic review on the available questionnaires for the assessment of work-related stressors

Mokarami, H., Choobineh, A., Nazifi, M.

Sammanfattning

Background and aims: Standardized self-report questionnaires, because of their low costs and the ease of the summarization and analysis of their results, are considered as the most important and widely used approach to identifying and assessing work-related stressors. Current study was carried out with the aim of reviewing the available questionnaires for work-related stressor factors. Methods: In this systematic review study, all the available work-related stress questionnaires in the time span from 1975 to 2016 were collected through running search in several authentic indexing and citation databases and then the collected questionnaire were examined. Results: Generally, according to the criteria considered, a total of 23 questionnaires met the inclusion criteria for the final stage of the study. All these questionnaires had been designed and developed in industrial countries. However, according to our literature review, the psychometric properties had only been studied for the Persian translations of the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), the Health & Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool (HSE-MS), the General Nordic Questionnaire (QPS-Nordic), and the NIOSH Generic Job Stress Questionnaire (GJSQNIOSH). Conclusion: With regard to the diversity of available questionnaires and their subscales, it is suggested that Iranian researchers and organizations, firstly identify the stressor factors related to their own specific jobs through running qualitative studies and then start to assess the occupational stressor factors related to their specific job environments through developing their own standardized questionnaires or employing the subscales of the available questionnaires covering their specific problems.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Iran

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Mokarami, H., Choobineh, A., Nazifi, M. (2017). A systematic review on the available questionnaires for the assessment of work-related stressors. Iran Occupational Health, 14 (5), 74-65.

Job characteristics and mental health for older workers

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Cronly, J., Perry, I. J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Adverse job characteristics have been linked with increased incidence of depression and anxiety in working populations. However, the association between job characteristics and mental health, in an older working population while controlling for personality traits, is less well known. Aims: To examine the association between job characteristics (job demands and job control) and mental health (depression and anxiety) for older workers while controlling for personality traits. Methods: A sample of workers aged 50-69 years were recruited from a primary health care clinic in Southern Ireland. Job characteristics were measured using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire; demands (quantitative and cognitive) and control (influence at work and possibilities for development). Personality traits were measured using the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale and anxiety was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Descriptive analysis, simple and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: The final sample size was 1025 with an initial 67% response rate. Multiple linear regression analysis showed job characteristics (in particular, job demands) to be significant positive predictors of symptoms of depression and anxiety. The inverse was true for job control variables and symptoms of depression. Neither possibilities for development nor influence at work were associated with symptoms of anxiety. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that despite potential confounders, higher demands at work can impact the worker's mental health negatively. Reducing job demands and encouraging role development may benefit the mental health of older workers.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Irland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqx066

Referens

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Cronly, J., Perry, I. J. (2017). Job characteristics and mental health for older workers. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England).

Identifying and managing psychosocial risks during organizational restructuring. It’s what you do and how you do it

Mathisen, G. E., Brønnick, K., Arntzen, K. J., Bergh, L. I. V.

Sammanfattning

Over the past years, employees have experienced substantial organizational restructuring implicating changes in the design, organization and management of work. Many of these changes have a possible negative impact on engagement, well-being and health. The current study describes how a large oil and gas industry organization, based on research and best practice principles, developed and integrated a method for managing psychosocial risks during change. Furthermore, this study explored the effects of implementing the method on psychosocial factors and health. Two business areas from the organization were included, one going through major restructuring and the other not undergoing major changes. Psychosocial factors and health were measured each year from 2012 to 2015, when the restructuring took place. We hypothesized that the psychosocial work environment as well as health scores would significantly deteriorate during the first period of the reorganization process for the unit going through reorganization as compared with the unit without changes, but thereafter improve after the implementation of the psychosocial risk management methodology. We found general support for the hypotheses, indicating that the implementation of the risk management methodology had beneficial effects on the psychosocial work environment and health. This study also addresses strengths and lessons learned that can be useful for organizations and the research community.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Skandinavien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2016.12.007

Referens

Mathisen, G. E., Brønnick, K., Arntzen, K. J., Bergh, L. I. V. (2017). Identifying and managing psychosocial risks during organizational restructuring. It’s what you do and how you do it. Safety Science.

Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: systematic review and meta-analysis with additional individual participant data

Madsen, I. E. H., Nyberg, S. T., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Ferrie, J. E., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Adverse psychosocial working environments characterized by job strain (the combination of high demands and low control at work) are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among employees, but evidence on clinically diagnosed depression is scarce. We examined job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression. Method: We identified published cohort studies from a systematic literature search in PubMed and PsycNET and obtained 14 cohort studies with unpublished individual-level data from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using random-effects models. Individual-level data analyses were based on a pre-published study protocol. Results: We included six published studies with a total of 27 461 individuals and 914 incident cases of clinical depression. From unpublished datasets we included 120 221 individuals and 982 first episodes of hospital-treated clinical depression. Job strain was associated with an increased risk of clinical depression in both published [relative risk (RR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.13] and unpublished datasets (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.04-1.55). Further individual participant analyses showed a similar association across sociodemographic subgroups and after excluding individuals with baseline somatic disease. The association was unchanged when excluding individuals with baseline depressive symptoms (RR = 1.25, 95% CI 0.94-1.65), but attenuated on adjustment for a continuous depressive symptoms score (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.81-1.32). Conclusions: Job strain may precipitate clinical depression among employees. Future intervention studies should test whether job strain is a modifiable risk factor for depression.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Storbritannien, Danmark, Sverige, Finland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1017/S003329171600355X

Referens

Madsen, I. E. H., Nyberg, S. T., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Ferrie, J. E., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L. et al. (2017). Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: systematic review and meta-analysis with additional individual participant data. Psychological medicine, 47 (8), S. 1342–1356.

A pilot study evaluation of psychosocial competency training for junior physicians working in Oncology and Hematology

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Hauschild, I., Groneberg, D.

Sammanfattning

Background: This pilot and feasibility study evaluated a work-related self-care competency training in oncology and hematology medicine for junior physicians working in oncology and hematology medicine. Methods: A pilot study was conducted with 80 physicians working in oncology and hematology hospital departments in Germany. Physicians were distributed to either the intervention group receiving competency training or a comparison group. The intervention took place in groups over a period of 12 weeks. Training content included work-related self-care strategies, problem-solving techniques solution-focused counselling. The outcomes studied were changes in work-related stress, emotional exhaustion, emotion regulation, and job satisfaction. Follow-up assessments were arranged after 12 weeks (T1), after 24 weeks (T2), and after 36 weeks (T3). Results: Intervention group reached a decrease in perceived job stress and emotional exhaustion. Self-perceived improvements were also obvious regarding enhanced emotion regulation skills. Future oncologists valued the intervention with high scores for training design, content, received outcome, and overall training satisfaction. Conclusions: This study provided first indications that an innovative self-care competency training might be a supportive approach for junior physicians starting work in oncology and hematology. However, replication studies are needed to verify the results in the medical working context.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1002/pon.4403

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Hauschild, I., Groneberg, D. (2017). A pilot study evaluation of psychosocial competency training for junior physicians working in Oncology and Hematology. Psycho-oncology.

Being prepared to work in Gynecology Medicine: evaluation of an intervention to promote junior gynecologists professionalism, mental health and job satisfaction

Mache, S., Baresi, L., Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D.

Sammanfattning

Background: Dealing with work-related stress is highly prevalent for employees in Gynecology Medicine. Junior physicians, in particular, have to face high working demands and challenges while starting their medical career after graduation. Job resources (i.e., social support) and personal resources (coping skills) might reduce job strain. The evidence for supportive and effective mental health interventions for clinicians is limited. Offering psychosocial skill training for entrants in Gynecology Medicine is expected to be highly beneficial. Following this, the present pilot study focused on strengthening physicians' psychosocial skills and analyzed the effects of innovative training for junior gynecologists working in German hospitals. Methods: Coping skills training for junior gynecologists was offered as group training for 12 weekly sessions over a time period of 3 months. Physicians were randomized to either an intervention group (IG) receiving the training (n = 38) or a control group (CG; n = 40). Training content involved developing and learning coping skills as well as solution-focused and cognitive behavioral counselling for junior gynecologists. Study outcomes were (1) perceived occupational stress, (2) emotional exhaustion, (3) resilience coping behavior, (4) emotion regulation skills and (5) job satisfaction. Surveys were distributed at baseline (T0), after the training (T1), after 3 (T2) and 6 months (T3). Results: Junior gynecologists (IG) reported a significant decrease in perceived job stress and emotional exhaustion from baseline to all follow-ups, whereas the control group did not show any comparable results. A clear positive value of the mental health promotion program was also noticeable with regard to job satisfaction and increased coping skills (i.e., emotion regulation). Overall satisfaction with the skill training was high: gynecologists reported high scores for training design, content, received outcome and overall satisfaction with the training. Conclusions: In this pilot study, participating in a psychosocial skills training course adapted for gynecology clinicians was associated with reductions in perceived job stress, exhaustion and improvements in coping skills and satisfaction. Modified psychosocial skills training may be a time-efficient tool to support gynecologists in their performance and well-being, which may have positive implications for patient care.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1007/s00404-016-4223-6

Referens

Mache, S., Baresi, L., Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. (2017). Being prepared to work in Gynecology Medicine: evaluation of an intervention to promote junior gynecologists professionalism, mental health and job satisfaction. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 295 (1), S. 153–162.

Reducing occupational stress among registered nurses in very remote Australia. A participatory action research approach

Lenthall, S., Wakerman, J., Dollard, M. F., Dunn, S., Knight, S., Opie, T. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Nurses in very remote areas of Australia (RANs), work in complex and isolated settings for which they are often inadequately prepared, and stress levels are high. This paper, based on the ‘Back from the edge’ project, evaluates the development and implementation of an intervention to reduce and prevent the impact of occupational stress in the RAN workforce in the Northern territory. Methods: The methods involved a combined participatory action research/organisational development model, involving seven steps, to develop and implement system changes within the (then) Northern Territory Department of Health and Families (NTDH&F). The development, implementation and evaluation was informed via information from participants collected during workshops and interviews. Pre and post surveys were undertaken to evaluate the study. Results: Occupational stress interventions developed by the workgroups were categorised into four main groups: (1) remote context, (2) workload and scope of practice, (3) poor management, and (4) violence and safety concerns. The main interventions centred on promoting a well educated, stable workforce. There were very few measurable changes as a result of the interventions as many were not able to be implemented in the time period of the study, but implementation is continuing. Conclusion: While the outcome evaluations showed few effects, the study through consensus approaches, provides a blueprint for reducing stress among remote area nurses and evidence which should inform policy and practice with respect to service delivery in remote areas.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Australien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.colegn.2017.04.007

Referens

Lenthall, S., Wakerman, J., Dollard, M. F., Dunn, S., Knight, S., Opie, T. et al. (2017). Reducing occupational stress among registered nurses in very remote Australia. A participatory action research approach. Collegian.

Explaining municipal civil servants’ voluntary turnover intentions. Where and why do civil servant go in times of austerity?

Lange, M. M. De., Homburg, V.M.F.

Sammanfattning

This study reports Dutch local government civil servants’ intention to voluntarily leave their current position for various post-exit destinations in times of austerity. It is concluded that local government civil servants’ intention to leave to public sector destinations is determined by their superiors’ quality of leadership (with job satisfaction fully mediating this relation), perceived job security and work-life balance issues (with job satisfaction mediating these relations). For private sector destinations, leadership quality (mediated by job satisfaction) explains intention to leave.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Offentliganställda tjänstemän

DOI

10.1016/j.tekhne.2017.07.002

Referens

Lange, M. M. De., Homburg, V.M.F. (2017). Explaining municipal civil servants’ voluntary turnover intentions. Where and why do civil servant go in times of austerity?. Tékhne, 15 (1), S. 16–25.

The effect of effort-reward imbalance on the health of childcare workers in Hamburg: a longitudinal study

Koch, P., Kersten, J. F., Stranzinger, J., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The prevalence of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) among qualified childcare workers in Germany is currently estimated at around 65%. High rates of burnout and musculoskeletal symptoms (MS) have also been reported for this group. Previous longitudinal studies show inconsistent results with regard to the association between ERI and MS. As yet, no longitudinal studies have been conducted to investigate the association between ERI and burnout or MS in childcare workers. This study aims to investigate the extent to which a relationship between ERI and MS or burnout can be observed in childcare workers in Germany on a longitudinal basis. Methods: In 2014 childcare workers (N = 199, response rate: 57%) of a provider of facilities for children and youth in Hamburg were asked about stress and health effects in the workplace. Follow-up was completed one year later (N = 106, follow-up rate: 53%) For the baseline assessment, ERI was determined as the primary influencing factor. Data on MS was recorded using the Nordic questionnaire, and burnout using the personal burnout scale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). The statistical analysis was carried out using multivariate linear and logistic regression. Results: At baseline ERI was present in 65% of the sample population. The mean burnout score at the time of follow-up was 53.7 (SD: 20.7); the prevalence of MS was between 19% and 62%. ERI was identified as a statistically significant factor for MS, after adjusting especially for physical stress (lower back: OR 4.2; 95% CI: 1.14 to 15.50, neck: OR 4.3; 95% CI: 1.25 to 15.0, total MS: OR 4.0; 95% CI: 1.20 to 13.49). With regard to burnout, a relative increase of 10% in the ERI ratio score increased the burnout score by 1.1 points (p = 0.034). Conclusions: ERI was revealed to be a major factor in relation to MS and burnout in childcare workers. Based on this observation worksite interventions on the individual and organizational level should be introduced in order to prevent ERI.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Barnskötare

DOI

10.1186/s12995-017-0163-8

Referens

Koch, P., Kersten, J. F., Stranzinger, J., Nienhaus, A. (2017). The effect of effort-reward imbalance on the health of childcare workers in Hamburg: a longitudinal study. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 12, S. 16.

Long working hours as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation: a multi-cohort study

Kivimäki, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Kawachi, I., Jokela, M., Alfredsson, L. et al.

Sammanfattning

Aims: Studies suggest that people who work long hours are at increased risk of stroke, but the association of long working hours with atrial fibrillation, the most common cardiac arrhythmia and a risk factor for stroke, is unknown. We examined the risk of atrial fibrillation in individuals working long hours (≥55 per week) and those working standard 35-40 h/week. Methods and results: In this prospective multi-cohort study from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium, the study population was 85 494 working men and women (mean age 43.4 years) with no recorded atrial fibrillation. Working hours were assessed at study baseline (1991-2004). Mean follow-up for incident atrial fibrillation was 10 years and cases were defined using data on electrocardiograms, hospital records, drug reimbursement registers, and death certificates. We identified 1061 new cases of atrial fibrillation (10-year cumulative incidence 12.4 per 1000). After adjustment for age, sex and socioeconomic status, individuals working long hours had a 1.4-fold increased risk of atrial fibrillation compared with those working standard hours (hazard ratio = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.13-1.80, P = 0.003). There was no significant heterogeneity between the cohort-specific effect estimates (I2 = 0%, P = 0.66) and the finding remained after excluding participants with coronary heart disease or stroke at baseline or during the follow-up (N = 2006, hazard ratio = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.05-1.76, P = 0.0180). Adjustment for potential confounding factors, such as obesity, risky alcohol use and high blood pressure, had little impact on this association. Conclusion: Individuals who worked long hours were more likely to develop atrial fibrillation than those working standard hours.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Storbritannien, Danmark, Sverige, Finland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurheartj/ehx324

Referens

Kivimäki, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Kawachi, I., Jokela, M., Alfredsson, L. et al. (2017). Long working hours as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation: a multi-cohort study. European heart journal, 38 (34), S. 2621–2628.

Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee’s Job Satisfaction and Well-Being Through Team Efficacy in PMBMC

Khan, I. U., Hasnain, S. A., Ullah, S., Khalid, A.

Sammanfattning

The importance of transformational leadership and well-being of staff in the government punjab model bazaar management company (PMBMC) is progressively more recognized, anyhow there is a lesser amount of information regarding the mechanism to enlighten the relationship between transformational leadership (TFL) and employee job satisfaction (JS) and well-being (WB). The objective of this study is examining psychological mechanism that links with transformational leadership behaviors to employee’s job satisfaction and well-being. The study design is cross sectional and take place in all (26) model bazaars in Punjab. 200 staff of PMBMC completed the survey questionnaire which was sent to all employees in each bazaar, all participants are males with average ratio of education intermediate and age average 27 to 35 years. Each participant would rate their line manager’s leadership style. Team efficacy was found to act as mediator. In industries and commerce sector PMBMC pressurized environment faced by employees, today transformational leadership may help by ensuring employee’s job satisfaction and positive state of mind as well-being in the form of competent group.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Pakistan

Yrken

Bazaararbetare

DOI

10.5296/ijhrs.v8i1.12521

Referens

Khan, I. U., Hasnain, S. A., Ullah, S., Khalid, A. (2017). Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee’s Job Satisfaction and Well-Being Through Team Efficacy in PMBMC. IJHRS, 8 (1), S. 327.

Burnout syndrome in emergency medicine

Ivanić, D., Adam, V. N., Srzić, I., Stepić, A., Pintarić, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: Occupational burnout syndrome generally develops in individuals of helping professions and is considered to result from long-standing stress. Burnout syndrome is characterized by loss of interest, fatigue, or frustration, the negative consequences of which affect the individual’s performance, thus being a major factor that influences the quality of work. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the existence of burnout syndrome in medical staff working at hospital emergency department. Methods: The study included 120 subjects working at emergency departments. The following two questionnaires were used: Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Likert scale was employed on scoring the answers offered in the questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using the exploratory factor analysis, analysis of variance, Bonferroni test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Study results revealed that the subjects suffer mostly from the symptoms of fatigue due to occupational burnout and exhaustion at the end of the day. The prevalence of burnout syndrome was highest among subjects with 11–15 years work in emergency department, while lower risk was recorded in those nurses and physicians who reported a higher level of social support, sense of community, and feedback information. Conclusion: Results of the study confirmed the existence of burnout syndrome in medical staff working at hospital emergency department, with the highest prevalence recorded in those working at this department for more than 11 years. The main burnout symptoms reported by study subjects were fatigue, exhaustion at the end of the day, and feeling that they were giving more than they were receiving in return. Burnout syndrome was found to be less common among those nurses and physicians who reported a higher level of social support, sense of community, and feedback information.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kroatien

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1177/1024907917740094

Referens

Ivanić, D., Adam, V. N., Srzić, I., Stepić, A., Pintarić, H. (2017). Burnout syndrome in emergency medicine. Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine, 24 (6), S. 290–297.

Relationships of work-related psychosocial risks, stress, individual factors and burnout - Questionnaire survey among emergency physicians and nurses

Ilic, I. M., Arandjelovic, M. Z., Jovanovic, J. M., Nesic, M. M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Psychosocial risks represent a great challenge for safety and health protection at work in Europe. The purpose of this study has been to determine the relationships of psychosocial risks arising from work, stress, personal characteristics and burnout among physicians and nurses in the Emergency Medical Service (EMS). Materiand methodsal : We performed a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire survey which contained the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Results: A total of 88 physicians and 80 nurses completed the survey. Physicians demonstrated higher emotional (mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD) = 74.57±16.85) and cognitive (M±SD = 75.95±13.74) demands as compared to nurses. Both groups had high sensory demands and responsibilities at work, in spite of the low degree of their autonomy. The meaning of work, commitment to the workplace, and insecurity at work were high for both groups. Among all participants, stressful behavior and reactions were within the limits of low values (< 40) and coping strategies showed high values (> 60). Personal and patient-related burnout was high for both groups, where physicians were significantly affected by work-related burnout. The influence at work, degree of freedom at work, social support, sense of coherence, mental health, and problem-focused coping are negatively related to work-related burnout. Conclusions: Based on personal factors and coping styles, emergency physicians and nurses are representing a self-selective professional group that meets high work demands, great responsibility, strong commitment and insecurity at work. Burnout of physicians and nurses in the EMS tends to be ignored, although it has severe consequences on their mental and general health

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Polen

Yrken

Läkare, Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.13075/mp.5893.00516

Referens

Ilic, I. M., Arandjelovic, M. Z., Jovanovic, J. M., Nesic, M. M. (2017). Relationships of work-related psychosocial risks, stress, individual factors and burnout - Questionnaire survey among emergency physicians and nurses. Medycyna pracy, 68 (2), S. 167–178.

Cohort Profile: The Well-being in HospitAL Employees (WHALE) study

Hvidtfeldt, U. A., Bjorner, J. B., Jensen, J. H., Breinegaard, N., Hasle, P., Bonde, J. P. E., Rod, N. H.

Sammanfattning

Most health care systems face a challenge to balance efficiency and quality under the pressure of limited resources and budget cuts. Consequently, hospital employees may face stressful working conditions, which may increase the risk of health problems as well as poor co-operation between staff. Combined, these may increase the risk of inefficiency, poor quality of care or even malpractice.1,2 The Well-being in Hospital Employees (WHALE) study is an ongoing prospective, observational cohort on work environment among all health care employees within the Capital Region of Denmark. The data are collected to continuously monitor the well-being of employees, in order to develop targets for potential intervention.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.1093/ije/dyx073

Referens

Hvidtfeldt, U. A., Bjorner, J. B., Jensen, J. H., Breinegaard, N., Hasle, P., Bonde, J. P. E., Rod, N. H. (2017). Cohort Profile: The Well-being in HospitAL Employees (WHALE) study. International journal of epidemiology.

Psychometric evaluation of a new instrument in Spanish to measure the wellness of university nursing faculty

Hurtado-Pardos, B., Casas, I., Lluch-Canut, T., Moreno-Arroyo, C., Nebot-Bergua, C., Roldán-Merino, J.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this study was to design and validate an instrument to measure the wellness among university nursing faculty. The study was performed in two phases. Phase I consisted of the development of the instrument with discussion groups and participant consensus. We designed an instrument including the 21 items or psychosocial risk factors identified and estimated an index by evaluating the frequency and intensity of each item. The items were grouped into 3 dimensions: teaching work demands, curricular demands, and organizational difficulties. Phase II, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the tool in a sample of 263 participants. Exploratory factor analysis showed a 3-factor structure that explained 53% of the total variance. The internal consistency of the instrument was 0.91 for the whole instrument. The results indicate that the tool developed is valid and reliable and may be a good instrument to monitor the wellness of university nursing faculty.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

DOI

10.1080/19338244.2016.1246411

Referens

Hurtado-Pardos, B., Casas, I., Lluch-Canut, T., Moreno-Arroyo, C., Nebot-Bergua, C., Roldán-Merino, J. (2017). Psychometric evaluation of a new instrument in Spanish to measure the wellness of university nursing faculty. Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 73 (1), S. 29–37.

Informal caregiving, work-privacy conflict and burnout among health professionals in Switzerland - a cross-sectional study

Häusler, N., Bopp, M., Hämmig, O.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Health professionals were found to have an elevated burnout risk compared to the general population. Some studies also reported more emotional exhaustion - a component of burnout - for health professionals with informal caregiving responsibilities for children (double-duty child caregivers) or adults (double-duty adult caregivers) or a combination of both (triple-duty caregivers) compared to health professionals without informal caregiving roles (formal caregivers). However, the potential mediating effect of the work-privacy conflict in this relationship as well as differences between occupational groups have not yet been studied in healthcare settings. Aim: To assess the impact of informal caregiving on burnout risk among health professionals and whether this relationship is mediated by work-privacy conflict or differs between occupational groups. Methods: Data were collected through an employee survey in six hospitals from German-speaking Switzerland in 2015/2016. Mediation analyses were performed using linear mixed models with fixed effects for caregiving situation and work-privacy conflict as well as random effects for hospitals. Results: Triple-duty caregivers were found to have a significantly higher burnout risk compared to formal caregivers only. Work-privacy conflict did not mediate this relationship, except among the "other health professionals" group. Conclusion: Additional and large-scale studies focusing on the combination of formal and informal caregiving roles are needed to better understand its effect on burnout among healthcare professionals and to evaluate the role of work-privacy conflict.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.4414/smw.2017.14552

Referens

Häusler, N., Bopp, M., Hämmig, O. (2017). Informal caregiving, work-privacy conflict and burnout among health professionals in Switzerland - a cross-sectional study. Swiss medical weekly, 147, w14552.

Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data

Hansen, A.-S. K., Madsen, I. E. H., Thorsen, S. V., Melkevik, O., Bjørner, J. B., Andersen, I., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18-64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77-1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48-1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494817721672

Referens

Hansen, A.-S. K., Madsen, I. E. H., Thorsen, S. V., Melkevik, O., Bjørner, J. B., Andersen, I., Rugulies, R. (2017). Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data. Scandinavian journal of public health, 1403494817721670.

Sustained lean transformation of working conditions. A Swedish longitudinal case study

Håkansson, M., Dellve, L., Waldenström, M., Holden, R. J.

Sammanfattning

Studies of lean production's effect on working conditions are mixed but point toward worsened conditions. The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess how lean contributes to transforming work characteristics in a medium‐sized specialized industrial family business. A mixed methods approach was used to combine an external assessment of work characteristics with self‐reported employee questionnaires. Favorable psychosocial working conditions were indicated, with role conflicts decreasing over time. The assessment of work provided descriptions of how lean practices contributed to decreased task control due to standardized work and simplified work processes. At the same time, employees still had opportunities to influence their long‐term work assignment. There was also a trend toward job enlargement through new, higher‐skilled tasks, multiskilling, and extended opportunities to influence work through different continuous improvement activities. The participative lean approach and type of skilled jobs may have contributed to this transformation.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Industripersonal

DOI

10.1002/hfm.20710

Referens

Håkansson, M., Dellve, L., Waldenström, M., Holden, R. J. (2017). Sustained lean transformation of working conditions. A Swedish longitudinal case study. Hum. Factors Man, 16, S. 389.

Can volunteering in later life reduce the risk of dementia? A 5-year longitudinal study among volunteering and non-volunteering retired seniors

Griep, Y., Hanson, L. M., Vantilborgh, T., Janssens, L., Jones, S. K., Hyde, M.

Sammanfattning

We propose that voluntary work, characterized by social, physical and cognitive activity in later life is associated with fewer cognitive problems and lower dementia rates. We test these assumptions using 3-wave, self-reported, and registry data from the 2010, 2012, and 2014 Swedish National Prescribed Drug Register. We had three groups of seniors in our data: 1) no volunteering (N = 531), 2) discontinuous volunteering (N = 220), and 3) continuous volunteering (N = 250). We conducted a path analysis in Mplus to investigate the effect of voluntary work (discontinuously and continuously) on self-reported cognitive complaints and the likelihood of being prescribed an anti-dementia treatment after controlling for baseline and relevant background variables. Our results indicated that seniors, who continuously volunteered, reported a decrease in their cognitive complaints over time, whereas no such associations were found for the other groups. In addition, they were 2.44 (95%CI [1.86; 3.21]) and 2.46 (95%CI [1,89; 3.24]) times less likely to be prescribed an anti-dementia treatment in 2012 and 2014, respectively. Our results largely support the assumptions that voluntary work in later life is associated with lower self-reported cognitive complaints and a lower risk for dementia, relative to those who do not engage, or only engage episodically in voluntary work.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0173885

Referens

Griep, Y., Hanson, L. M., Vantilborgh, T., Janssens, L., Jones, S. K., Hyde, M. (2017). Can volunteering in later life reduce the risk of dementia? A 5-year longitudinal study among volunteering and non-volunteering retired seniors. PloS one, 12 (3), e0173885.

Computer-based training (CBT) intervention reduces workplace violence and harassment for homecare workers

Glass, N., Hanson, G. C., Anger, W. K., Laharnar, N., Campbell, J. C., Weinstein, M., Perrin, N.

Sammanfattning

Background: The study examines the effectiveness of a workplace violence and harassment prevention and response program with female homecare workers in a consumer driven model of care. Methods: Homecare workers were randomized to either; computer based training (CBT only) or computer-based training with homecare worker peer facilitation (CBT + peer). Participants completed measures on confidence, incidents of violence, and harassment, health and work outcomes at baseline, 3, 6 months post-baseline. Results: Homecare workers reported improved confidence to prevent and respond to workplace violence and harassment and a reduction in incidents of workplace violence and harassment in both groups at 6-month follow-up. A decrease in negative health and work outcomes associated with violence and harassment were not reported in the groups.Conclusion: CBT alone or with trained peer facilitation with homecare workers can increase confidence and reduce incidents of workplace violence and harassment in a consumer-driven model of care.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

USA

Yrken

Hemtjänstpersonal

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22728

Referens

Glass, N., Hanson, G. C., Anger, W. K., Laharnar, N., Campbell, J. C., Weinstein, M., Perrin, N. (2017). Computer-based training (CBT) intervention reduces workplace violence and harassment for homecare workers. American journal of industrial medicine, 60 (7), S. 635–643.

Lower limb pain among workers: a cross-sectional analysis of the fifth European Working Conditions Survey

Garcia, M.-G., Graf, M., Laubli, T.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Develop a model to predict the prevalence of lower limb pain using indicators of high workplace exposures based on the fifth European Working Conditions Survey, evaluate its impact and explore its significance for work-related health problems. Method: Cross-sectional interview data of 35,372 workers from 27 countries of the European Union in 2010 (EU27) were used to develop (20% sample) and validate (80% sample) a logistic regression model for lower limb pain. Independent variables included descriptions of working conditions, assessments of physical and psychosocial exposures at work, and demographic factors. The impact of the model was explored through the amount of lower limb pain cases attributable to work and estimating work absences correlated with lower limb pain. Results: The resulting logistic model included ten risks indicators and one preventive factor. The highest odds ratios (OR) corresponded to “tiring or painful positions” OR 2.0, 99% confidence interval (99% CI) 1.9–2.2, and “not satisfied with level of working conditions in the job” (OR 1.6, 99% CI 1.5–1.7). The prevalence of work-related lower limb pain was 16.5% for men and 15.8% for women for the 27 countries of the European Union. Estimates based on the developed model revealed more than 34 million cases of work-related lower limb pain, where four physical risks explained about 22 million cases. In addition, more than 3 million days of absence from work in 2010 could be attributed to lower limb pain. Conclusion: Lower limb pain is highly prevalent among the European workforce and work exposures are a major contributing factor. Effective workplace interventions should aim at improving working conditions at workplaces with multiple risks.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-017-1220-4

Referens

Garcia, M.-G., Graf, M., Laubli, T. (2017). Lower limb pain among workers: a cross-sectional analysis of the fifth European Working Conditions Survey. International archives of occupational and environmental health.

Burnout is associated with changes in error and feedback processing

Gajewski, P. D., Boden, S., Freude, G., Potter, G. G., Falkenstein, M.

Sammanfattning

Burnout is a pattern of complaints in individuals with emotionally demanding jobs that is often seen as a precursor of depression. One often reported symptom of burnout is cognitive decline. To analyze cognitive control and to differentiate between subclinical burnout and mild to moderate depression a double-blinded study was conducted that investigates changes in the processing of performance errors and feedback in a task switching paradigm. Fifty-one of 76 employees from emotionally demanding jobs showed a sufficient number of errors to be included in the analysis. The sample was subdivided into groups with low (EE-) and high (EE+) emotional exhaustion and no (DE-) and mild to moderate depression (DE+). The behavioral data did not significantly differ between the groups. In contrast, in the EE+ group, the error negativity (Ne/ERN) was enhanced while the error positivity (Pe) did not differ between the EE+ and EE- groups. After negative feedback the feedback-related negativity (FRN) was enhanced, while the subsequent positivity (FRP) was reduced in EE+ relative to EE-. None of these effects were observed in the DE+ vs. DE-. These results suggest an upregulation of error and negative feedback processing, while the later processing of negative feedback was attenuated in employees with subclinical burnout but not in mild to moderate depression.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.09.009

Referens

Gajewski, P. D., Boden, S., Freude, G., Potter, G. G., Falkenstein, M. (2017). Burnout is associated with changes in error and feedback processing. Biological psychology in Press.

Work functioning trajectories in cancer patients: Results from the longitudinal Work Life after Cancer (WOLICA) study

Dorland, H. F., Abma, F. I., Roelen, C. A. M., Stewart, R. E., Amick, B. C., Ranchor, A. V., Bültmann, U.

Sammanfattning

More than 60% of cancer patients are able to work after cancer diagnosis. However, little is known about their functioning at work. Therefore, the aims of this study were to (1) identify work functioning trajectories in the year following return to work (RTW) in cancer patients and (2) examine baseline sociodemographic, health-related and work-related variables associated with work functioning trajectories. This longitudinal cohort study included 384 cancer patients who have returned to work after cancer diagnosis. Work functioning was measured at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up. Latent class growth modeling (LCGM) was used to identify work functioning trajectories. Associations of baseline variables with work functioning trajectories were examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. LCGM analyses with cancer patients who completed on at least three time points the Work Role Functioning Questionnaire (n = 324) identified three work functioning trajectories: "persistently high" (16% of the sample), "moderate to high" (54%) and "persistently low" work functioning (32%). Cancer patients with persistently high work functioning had less time between diagnosis and RTW and had less often a changed meaning of work, while cancer patients with persistently low work functioning reported more baseline cognitive symptoms compared to cancer patients in the other trajectories. This knowledge has implications for cancer care and guidance of cancer patients at work.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ijc.30876

Referens

Dorland, H. F., Abma, F. I., Roelen, C. A. M., Stewart, R. E., Amick, B. C., Ranchor, A. V., Bültmann, U. (2017). Work functioning trajectories in cancer patients: Results from the longitudinal Work Life after Cancer (WOLICA) study. International journal of cancer.

Occupational Psychosocial Stress among Staff of the University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana

Agyei Dankwah, D., Kpeglo, S., Kwaku Agyen, J., Wadga-Mieza Yankey, F., Osei-Yeboah, J., Agboli, E. et al.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This study was conducted among the staff of a new public university that provides health and related sciences education in Ghana. The aim of this research was to find information on the prevalence and patterns associated with occupational stress among the tutorial and administrative staff of the University of Health and Allied Sciences. Methods: Using a descriptive survey, the study employed the Effort-Reward Imbalance scale to solicit information from both the tutorial and administrative staff of the university. Questionnaires were used to collect information from 59 respondents consisting of 45 males and 14 females. Results: The study population presented a stress prevalence rate of 44.07% which was higher among the female respondents (64.29%). Staff with Diploma (50.00%) and First Degrees (50.00%) presented high levels of stress. Staff performing dual roles and those performing only administrative roles recorded high prevalence of 55.56% and 50.00% respectively. Regarding the component stressors, there was a high record of Effort-Promotion Imbalance (61.02%), Effort-Esteem Imbalance (50.00%) and Over Commitment-Promotion Imbalance (62.50%) predominantly among respondents who were less than 30 years old. In this study, high levels of occupational psychosocial stress exist, which is mainly influenced by gender, age, level of education and work roles. Conclusion: The creation of an enabling working environment with clearly defined expectations and rewards will help university staff to appreciate whatever return they receive for their outputs.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ghana

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

Referens

Agyei Dankwah, D., Kpeglo, S., Kwaku Agyen, J., Wadga-Mieza Yankey, F., Osei-Yeboah, J., Agboli, E. et al. (2017). Occupational Psychosocial Stress among Staff of the University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 23 (2), S. 1–10.

Determinants of sleepiness at work among railway control workers

Cotrim, T., Carvalhais, J., Neto, C., Teles, J., Noriega, P., Rebelo, F.

Sammanfattning

In the last two decades the control of the Portuguese railway network has become much more centralized in three centres, there integrating the functions of route flow management, electrical control and signalling. This study aimed to investigate the influence of work and individual determinants in sleepiness among railway control workers, namely socio-demographic factors, work ability, psychosocial factors, shiftwork characteristics, fatigue perception, and sleep. Sleepiness by shift was associated with quality of sleep, job satisfaction, fatigue perception, quantitative demands, and age. The results indicate a high prevalence of sleepiness during the night shift and show the relevance of the quality of sleep as a predictor in the three models of sleepiness for morning, afternoon and night shifts. This study, done at the major Portuguese railway control centre, alerted managers to the importance of schedule planning as well as sleepiness prevention plans and makes these results a reference for future research.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Järnvägsarbetare

DOI

10.1016/j.apergo.2016.07.006

Referens

Cotrim, T., Carvalhais, J., Neto, C., Teles, J., Noriega, P., Rebelo, F. (2017). Determinants of sleepiness at work among railway control workers. Applied ergonomics, 58, S. 293–300.

Effects of Physical and Psychosocial Work Environment Factors on Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Hospital Orderlies at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Chanchai, W., Songkham, W., Ketsomporn, P., Sappakitchanchai, P., Siriwong, W.

Sammanfattning

Background: Hospital orderlies perform a wide range of jobs, including prolonged static postures, repetitive tasks, and prolonged periods of exposure to a given task. They also undertake a range of physically and psychosocially demanding tasks that have been linked to the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the effects of physical and psychosocial work environment factors on musculoskeletal symptoms among hospital orderlies at a tertiary care hospital. 129 hospital orderlies participated in this study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data on physical and psychosocial work environment factors. Results: The most common musculoskeletal disorder, during a 12-month period, as reported by 71% of participants was lower back pain. Factors significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms were years of employment, high physical workload, high quantitative demands, and high emotional demands. Conclusions: The results of the current study indicate that a properly implemented intervention can lead to a decrease in musculoskeletal symptoms and to some extent improve the physical and psychosocial work environment.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Thailand

Yrken

Sjukhusundersköterska

Referens

Chanchai, W., Songkham, W., Ketsomporn, P., Sappakitchanchai, P., Siriwong, W. (2017). Effects of Physical and Psychosocial Work Environment Factors on Musculoskeletal Symptoms Among Hospital Orderlies at a Tertiary Care Hospital. EC Orthopaedics, 7 (2), S. 47–56.

New Methods for Stress Assessment and Monitoring at the Workplace

Carneiro, D., Novais, P., Augusto, J. C., Payne, N.

Sammanfattning

The topic of stress is nowadays a very important one, not only in research but on social life in general. People are increasingly aware of this problem and its consequences at several levels: health, social life, work, quality of life, etc. This resulted in a significant increase in the search for devices and applications to measure and manage stress in real-time. Recent technological and scientific evolution fosters this interest with the development of new methods and approaches. In this paper we survey these new methods for stress assessment, focusing especially on those that are suited for the workplace: one of today’s major sources of stress. We contrast them with more traditional methods and compare them between themselves, evaluating nine characteristics. Given the diversity of methods that exist nowadays, this work facilitates the stakeholders’ decision towards which one to use, based on how much their organization values aspects such as privacy, accuracy, cost-effectiveness or intrusiveness.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1109/TAFFC.2017.2699633

Referens

Carneiro, D., Novais, P., Augusto, J. C., Payne, N. (2017). New Methods for Stress Assessment and Monitoring at the Workplace. IEEE Trans. Affective Comput, S. 1.

Does age modify the association between physical work demands and deterioration of self-rated general health?

Burr, H., Pohrt, A., Rugulies, R., Holtermann, A., Hasselhorn, H. M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Due to the growing proportion of older employees in the work force in several countries, the importance of age in the association between work and health is becoming increasingly relevant. Few studies have investigated whether age modifies the association of physical work demands with health. We hypothesized that the association of demanding body postures with deteriorated self-rated health (SRH) is stronger among older employees than among younger employees. Method: We analyzed three 5-year cohorts in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study comprising 8318 observations from 5204 employees (follow-up participation rate 83%) with good baseline SRH. Physical work demands were assessed as demanding body postures. Age was divided into tertiles; young (18-32 years), middle-aged (33-43 years) and old (44-59 among men and 44-54 years among women). Poor SRH ("fairly good", "poor", and "very poor") was measured with a single item. Log binomial regressions were stratified by gender. Effect modification (ie, interaction) was defined as deviation from additivity and examined by calculating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). The reference group was employees aged 18-32 years with low physical exposure. Results: When predicting deterioration of SRH, an interaction between demanding body postures and age was found among men [RERI: 0.75, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.16-1.34, regarding the age group 44-59 years] and among women (RERI: 0.84, 95% CI 0.19-1.34, for the age group 33-43 years; and 1.17, 95% CI 0.42-1.93, for the age group 44-54 years). Conclusion: The study findings suggest that demanding body postures have a stronger impact on health among older compared to younger employees.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3625

Referens

Burr, H., Pohrt, A., Rugulies, R., Holtermann, A., Hasselhorn, H. M. (2017). Does age modify the association between physical work demands and deterioration of self-rated general health?. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 43 (3), S. 241–249.

Does age modify the association between psychosocial factors at work and deterioration of self-rated health?

Burr, H., Hasselhorn, H. M., Kersten, N., Pohrt, A., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Few epidemiological studies have examined whether associations of psychosocial working conditions with risk of poor health differ by age. Based on results from mostly cross-sectional studies, we test whether (i) psychosocial relational factors (social support) are more strongly associated with declining health of older than younger employees and (ii) psychosocial job factors (workpace, influence, possibilities for development) are more strongly associated with declining health of younger than older employees. Methods: We extracted two cohorts from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (DWECS): the 2000-2005 and 2005-2010 cohorts. The participating 5281 employees with good self-rated health (SRH) at baseline were observed in 6585 5-year time windows. Using log-binomial regression analyses, we analysed whether psychosocial factors at work predicted 5-year deterioration of SRH. Effect modification by age was estimated by calculating relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI). Results: High workpace among men, low influence at work as well as low social support from colleagues among women, and low possibilities for development and low social support from supervisors among both genders predicted 5-year decline in SRH. Of the 20 interaction analyses, only 1 was statistically significant and in the opposite direction of what was hypothesized (higher risk for declining SRH among middle-aged men with low possibilities for development compared to the young men with high possibilities for development). Conclusions: Psychosocial working conditions predicted decline in SRH in this 5-year follow-up study. The model did not support our hypotheses about modifying effects by age.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3648

Referens

Burr, H., Hasselhorn, H. M., Kersten, N., Pohrt, A., Rugulies, R. (2017). Does age modify the association between psychosocial factors at work and deterioration of self-rated health?. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 43 (5), S. 465–474.

It's Time to Start Changing the Game: A 12-Week Workplace Team Sport Intervention Study

Brinkley, A., McDermott, H., Grenfell-Essam, R., Munir, F.

Sammanfattning

Background: A 12-week multi-team sport programme was provided to employees of a large services organisation and conducted in workplaces. This programme was used to investigate the short-term effect of regular sports team participation on individual employee and organisational health. Methods: A large services organisation participated in this study. Two regional worksites of office workers were assigned as the team sport (intervention) (n = 28 participants) or control (n = 20 participants) groups. The team sport sessions were underpinned by psychological behaviour change theory and consisted of weekly 1-h team sport sessions for 12 weeks. Measures of aerobic fitness, physical activity behaviour, group cohesion, interaction and communication, psychological wellbeing, health, anthropometrics and workplace experiences were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Data were analysed using a series of mixed ANOVAs. Results: After 12 weeks significant improvements were observed in VO2 max (+ 4.5 ± 5.8 ml/min kg, P < .002, η 2p = .182), interpersonal communication within teams (+ 3%, P < .042, η 2p = .087) and mean weekly physical activity duration (+ 154.74', P < .002, η 2p = .071) in the intervention group. A significant (P < .012, η 2p = .130) effect on body composition was observed in the intervention group. Conclusions: Participation in team sport may be an effective method to improve the aerobic fitness and physical activity behaviour of employees, and promote interpersonal communication between colleagues. Individual health outcomes and social interactions have the capacity to influence the health of the organisation. The extent of which these findings are replicable across a scope of organisations should be examined objectively over the long term.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Storbritannien

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1186/s40798-017-0099-7

Referens

Brinkley, A., McDermott, H., Grenfell-Essam, R., Munir, F. (2017). It's Time to Start Changing the Game: A 12-Week Workplace Team Sport Intervention Study. Sports medicine - open, 3 (1), S. 30.

Mixed Methods - Theory and Practice. Sequential, explanatory Approach

Bowen, P., Ose, R., Pilkington, A.

Sammanfattning

There appears to be a paucity of research undertaken in emotional intelligence in higher education suggesting a gap in which research can be undertaken that can provide new insight and add together with knowledge and understanding. This article discusses a study using sequential, explanatory, mixed methodology, which was undertaken on a sample of 533 academics (those employed by a university full time, part time, and hourly and who may be lecturers, tutors, instructors, researchers). The reason for collecting sequential quantitative and qualitative data into one study brings together two types of information providing greater understanding and insight into the research topics that may not have been obtained analysing and evaluating data separately. The findings from interviews helps explain the findings from quantitative data.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Universitetspersonal

Referens

Bowen, P., Ose, R., Pilkington, A. (2017). Mixed Methods - Theory and Practice. Sequential, explanatory Approach. International Journal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods, 5 (2), S. 10–27.

Predictors of transitions from single to multiple job holding: Results of a longitudinal study among employees aged 45-64 in the Netherlands

Bouwhuis, S., Geuskens, G. A., Boot, C. R. L., Bongers, P. M., van der Beek, A. J.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To construct prediction models for transitions to combination multiple job holding (MJH) (multiple jobs as an employee) and hybrid MJH (being an employee and self-employed), among employees aged 45-64. Methods: A total of 5187 employees in the Netherlands completed online questionnaires annually between 2010 and 2013. We applied logistic regression analyses with a backward elimination strategy to construct prediction models. Results: Transitions to combination MJH and hybrid MJH were best predicted by a combination of factors including: demographics, health and mastery, work characteristics, work history, skills and knowledge, social factors, and financial factors. Not having a permanent contract and a poor household financial situation predicted both transitions. Some predictors only predicted combination MJH, e.g., working part-time, or hybrid MJH, e.g., work-home interference. Conclusions: A wide variety of factors predict combination MJH and/or hybrid MJH. The prediction model approach allowed for the identification of predictors that have not been previously studied.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22738

Referens

Bouwhuis, S., Geuskens, G. A., Boot, C. R. L., Bongers, P. M., van der Beek, A. J. (2017). Predictors of transitions from single to multiple job holding: Results of a longitudinal study among employees aged 45-64 in the Netherlands. American journal of industrial medicine, 60 (8), S. 696–710.

Risk factors for shoulder pain in a cohort of French workers: A Structural Equation Model

Bodin, J., Garlantézec, R., Costet, N., Descatha, A., Viel, J.-F., Roquelaure, Y.

Sammanfattning

Shoulder pain is common in the working population and causes loss of productivity, high economic costs, and long absences. Simultaneous evaluation of the complex relationships between work organization (e.g., work pace, application of quality standards), psychosocial and physical risk factors, stress, and shoulder pain is rare. The aim of this study was to explore the direct and indirect relationships between workplace risk factors, perceived stress, and occurrence of shoulder pain in workers of the Cohorte des Salariés Ligériens study. A total of 3,710 workers in a French region were randomly selected for inclusion between 2002 and 2005. They completed a self-administered questionnaire about musculoskeletal symptoms, individual factors, and exposure to work constraints. In 2007, they responded to a follow-up questionnaire. The study sample comprised 1,400 workers free of shoulder pain at baseline. Structural equation models were used. For both sexes, exposure to factors related to work organization had an effect on physical and psychosocial risk factors. Psychological demand was the only psychosocial constraint that increased perceived stress. Shoulder pain was influenced directly by physical risk factors for both sexes and by perceived stress for men. In view of their distal action, work organization is an important target for strategies to prevent shoulder pain in the working population.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/aje/kwx218

Referens

Bodin, J., Garlantézec, R., Costet, N., Descatha, A., Viel, J.-F., Roquelaure, Y. (2017). Risk factors for shoulder pain in a cohort of French workers: A Structural Equation Model. American journal of epidemiology.

It is not just about occupation, but also about where you work

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Hakanen, J. J., Kristensen, T. S.

Sammanfattning

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1111/cdoe.12300

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Westerlund, H., Hakanen, J. J., Kristensen, T. S. (2017). It is not just about occupation, but also about where you work. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology.

Association between Emotional Labor, Emotional Dissonance, Burnout and Turnover Intention in Clinical Nurses. A Multiple-Group Path Analysis across Job Satisfaction

Back, C. Y., Hyun, D. S., Chang, S. J.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the influence of emotional labor, emotional dissonance, and burnout on nurse's turnover intention and examine the effect of job satisfaction on the relationships among emotional labor, emotional dissonance, burnout, and turnover intention. Methods: The sample consisted of 350 nurses recruited from 6 general hospitals in 2 cities in Korea. A multiple-group analysis was utilized. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 23 and AMOS 20. Results: In the path analysis, turnover intention was directly related to burnout in clinical nurses who had a high job satisfaction (β=.24, p=.003), while it was indirectly related to emotional dissonance (β=.13, p=.002). In the multiple-group path analysis, turnover intention was directly related to emotional dissonance (β=.18, p=.033) and burnout (β=.26, p=.002) for nurses with low job satisfaction. Conclusion: These results indicate that manuals and guidelines to alleviate the negative effects of emotional labor, emotional dissonance, and burnout, and to increase job satisfaction are strongly required to reduce turnover intention in nurses at the organizational level as well as at the individual level.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.4040/jkan.2017.47.6.770

Referens

Back, C. Y., Hyun, D. S., Chang, S. J. (2017). Association between Emotional Labor, Emotional Dissonance, Burnout and Turnover Intention in Clinical Nurses. A Multiple-Group Path Analysis across Job Satisfaction. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 47 (6), S. 770–780.

A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms

Aronsson, G., Theorell, T., Grape, T., Hammarstrom, A., Hogstedt, C., Marteinsdottir, I. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Practitioners and decision makers in the medical and insurance systems need knowledge on the relationship between work exposures and burnout. Many burnout studies - original as well as reviews - restricted their analyses to emotional exhaustion or did not report results on cynicism, personal accomplishment or global burnout. To meet this need we carried out this review and meta-analyses with the aim to provide systematically graded evidence for associations between working conditions and near-future development of burnout symptoms. Methods: A wide range of work exposure factors was screened. Inclusion criteria were: 1) Study performed in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand 1990-2013. 2) Prospective or comparable case control design. 3) Assessments of exposure (work) and outcome at baseline and at least once again during follow up 1-5 years later. Twenty-five articles met the predefined relevance and quality criteria. The GRADE-system with its 4-grade evidence scale was used. Results: Most of the 25 studies focused emotional exhaustion, fewer cynicism and still fewer personal accomplishment. Moderately strong evidence (grade 3) was concluded for the association between job control and reduced emotional exhaustion and between low workplace support and increased emotional exhaustion. Limited evidence (grade 2) was found for the associations between workplace justice, demands, high work load, low reward, low supervisor support, low co-worker support, job insecurity and change in emotional exhaustion. Cynicism was associated with most of these work factors. Reduced personal accomplishment was only associated with low reward. There were few prospective studies with sufficient quality on adverse chemical, biological and physical factors and burnout. Conclusion: While high levels of job support and workplace justice were protective for emotional exhaustion, high demands, low job control, high work load, low reward and job insecurity increased the risk for developing exhaustion. Our approach with a wide range of work exposure factors analysed in relation to the separate dimensions of burnout expanded the knowledge of associations, evidence as well as research needs. The potential of organizational interventions is illustrated by the findings that burnout symptoms are strongly influenced by structural factors such as job demands, support and the possibility to exert control.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1186/s12889-017-4153-7

Referens

Aronsson, G., Theorell, T., Grape, T., Hammarstrom, A., Hogstedt, C., Marteinsdottir, I. et al. (2017). A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms. BMC public health, 17 (1), S. 264.

Burnout among Danish prison personnel: A question of quantitative and emotional demands

Andersen, D. R., Andersen, L. P., Gadegaard, C. A., Høgh, A., Prieur, A., Lund, T.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The objective of this follow-up study was to investigate associations between individual, occupational and work environment factors and burnout among both uniformed and non-uniformed personnel working in the Danish Prison and Probation Service. Methods: The participants (N = 4808) with client contact received a questionnaire in 2010 and again in 2011. In 2010, 2843 participants responded to the questionnaire (59.1%), and in 2011, 1741 responded to the questionnaire, yielding a response rate of 61.2% of the baseline population, and 36.2% of the invited population. Burnout and work characteristics were measured with validated scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and data was analysed by logistic regression. Results: Risk factors with the highest impact on burnout were work environmental factors: quantitative demands, emotional demands, involvement in and meaning of work. Role conflict, role clarity, social support and demands for hiding emotions had borderline significance. Besides cohabitation, there was no association between individual factors and burnout or between occupational characteristics and burnout. Moreover, there was no association between exposure to threats and violence and burnout. Conclusions: Efforts for preventing burnout ought to be concentrated on reducing the quantitative job-demands, on easing and improving staff-inmate relationships, but also on involvement in and meaning of work. Most work in prison is invisible and the overall goals are in conflict with each other. Management must provide solutions to problems of role conflict and support groups for social support. There is a risk of burnout among both uniformed personnel and non-uniformed personnel working in both open and closed facilities.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Fängelsearbetare

DOI

10.1177/1403494817718644

Referens

Andersen, D. R., Andersen, L. P., Gadegaard, C. A., Høgh, A., Prieur, A., Lund, T. (2017). Burnout among Danish prison personnel: A question of quantitative and emotional demands. Scandinavian journal of public health, 1403494817718640.

The Iranian version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) for assessment of psychological risk factors at work

Aminian, M., Dianat, I., Miri, A., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) is a widely used tool for evaluation of psychosocial risk factors at work. The aims of this study were to describe the short version of Farsi COPSOQ and to present its psychometric properties. Methods: A total of 427 administrative health care staff participated in this descriptive methodological study. Forward–backward procedure was adopted to translate the questionnaire from English into Farsi. Content validity was assessed by a panel of 10 experts. Construct validity was evaluated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s α and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC), respectively. The feasibility was assessed using ceiling and floor effect. Results: The short version of Farsi COPSOQ was configured with 16 dimensions (32 items).Content validity of the questionnaire was established. Factor analysis supported the conceptual multi-dimensionality (four factors), and therefore confirmed the construct validity of the Farsi COPSOQ. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranging between 0.75 and 0.89) and test retest reliability (ICC values ranged from 0.75 to 0.89) were both approved and the results showed no ceiling or floor effect. Conclusion: The results support the use of Farsi COPSOQ for evaluation of psychological risks and for research purposes in Iranian population.

År

2017

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Iran

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.15171/hpp.2017.03

Referens

Aminian, M., Dianat, I., Miri, A., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M. (2017). The Iranian version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) for assessment of psychological risk factors at work. Health promotion perspectives, 7 (1), S. 7–13.

Investigation of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Insulin Resistance in a Chinese Population

Yan, Y.-X., Xiao, H.-B., Wang, S.-S., Zhao, J., He, Y., Wang, W., Dong, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Chronic stress may facilitate the development of metabolic diseases. Insulin resistance is present long before the clinical manifestations of individual metabolic abnormalities. To explore whether chronic stress is an independent risk factor of insulin resistance, we investigated the relationship between the stress system, selected parameters of energy homeostasis, and insulin resistance in a Chinese population. Methods: We recruited 766 workers employed at four companies in Beijing. The degree of insulin resistance was determined using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The highest quartile of HOMA-IR among all study subjects was further defined as insulin resistance in our study. The short standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) was used to assess job-related psychosocial stress. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated between cortisol level and HOMA-IR and components of metabolic syndrome, with stratification by gender. The relationship between cortisol and HOMA-IR independent of obesity was analyzed using a linear mixed model with company as a cluster unit. Results: The values of the two scales of COPSOQ, including "demands at work" and "insecurity at work", were significantly associated with insulin resistance and cortisol concentration (P < 0.05). Cortisol was significantly positively correlated with glucose, HOMA-IR, and waist circumference in males and females (P < 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounders, cortisol was an independent positive predictor for HOMA-IR (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings showed that chronic stress was associated with insulin resistance and may contribute to the development of insulin resistance.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.2188/jea.JE20150183

Referens

Yan, Y.-X., Xiao, H.-B., Wang, S.-S., Zhao, J., He, Y., Wang, W., Dong, J. (2016). Investigation of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Insulin Resistance in a Chinese Population. Journal of epidemiology, 26 (7), S. 355–360.

Is the worsening of psychosocial exposures associated with mental health? Comparing two population-based cross-sectional studies in Spain, 2005-2010

Utzet, M., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C., Moncada, S.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To analyze whether associations between workplace psychosocial exposures and the mental health of the working population in Spain changed between 2005 and 2010. Methods: Two representative samples of the Spanish working population have been analyzed, 2005 (n = 5073) and 2010 (n = 3544). Results: In 2010 there was a significant association between poor mental health and exposure to high Demands, low Social Support and high Insecurity over working conditions, and exposure to high Insecurity over losing the job only for men. In 2005 there was a significant association with exposure to high Demands and low Social Support. Conclusion: Changes in the associations between psychosocial risks and mental health may be related to the socioeconomic context marked by the rise in unemployment and the destruction of jobs as a result of the 2008 economic crisis.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22577

Referens

Utzet, M., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C., Moncada, S. (2016). Is the worsening of psychosocial exposures associated with mental health? Comparing two population-based cross-sectional studies in Spain, 2005-2010. American journal of industrial medicine, 59 (5), S. 399–407.

Psychosocial health and well-being among obstetricians and midwives involved in traumatic childbirth

Schroder, K., Larsen, P. V., Jorgensen, J. S., Hjelmborg, J. V. B., Lamont, R. F., Hvidt, N. C.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study investigates the self-reported psychosocial health and well-being of obstetricians and midwives in Denmark during the most recent four weeks as well as their recall of their health and well-being immediately following their exposure to a traumatic childbirth. Material and methods: A 2012 national survey of all Danish obstetricians and midwives (n=2098). The response rate was 59% of which 85% (n=1027) stated that they had been involved in a traumatic childbirth. The psychosocial health and well-being of the participants was investigated using six scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQII). Responses were assessed on six scales: burnout, sleep disorders, general stress, depressive symptoms, somatic stress and cognitive stress. Associations between COPSOQII scales and participant characteristics were analysed using linear regression. Results: Midwives reported significantly higher scores than obstetricians, to a minor extent during the most recent four weeks and to a greater extent immediately following a traumatic childbirth scale, indicating higher levels of self-reported psychosocial health problems. Sub-group analyses showed that this difference might be gender related. Respondents who had left the labour ward partly or primarily because they felt that the responsibility was too great a burden to carry reported significantly higher scores on all scales in the aftermath of the traumatic birth than did the group who still worked on the labour ward. None of the scales were associated with age or seniority in the time after the traumatic birth indicating that both junior and senior staff may experience similar levels of psychosocial health and well-being in the aftermath. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: this study shows an association between profession (midwife or obstetrician) and self-reported psychosocial health and well-being both within the most recent four weeks and immediately following a traumatic childbirth. The association may partly be explained by gender. This knowledge may lead to better awareness of the possibility of differences related to profession and gender when conducting debriefings and offering support to HCPs in the aftermath of traumatic childbirth. As many as 85% of the respondents in this national study stated that they had been involved in at least one traumatic childbirth, suggesting that the handling of the aftermath of these events is important when caring for the psychosocial health and well-being of obstetric and midwifery staff.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Förlossningsläkare, Barnmorskor

DOI

10.1016/j.midw.2016.07.013

Referens

Schroder, K., Larsen, P. V., Jorgensen, J. S., Hjelmborg, J. V. B., Lamont, R. F., Hvidt, N. C. (2016). Psychosocial health and well-being among obstetricians and midwives involved in traumatic childbirth. Midwifery, 41, S. 45–53.

Standardized assessment of psychosocial factors and their influence on medically confirmed health outcomes in workers: a systematic review

Rosario, S., Fonseca, J. A., Nienhaus, A., da Costa, J. T.

Sammanfattning

Previous studies of psychosocial work factors have indicated their importance for workers’ health. However, to what extent health problems can be attributed to the nature of the work environment or other psychosocial factors is not clear. No previous systematic review has used inclusion criteria based on specific medical evaluation of work-related health outcomes and the use of validated instruments for the assessment of the psychosocial (work) environment. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence assessing the relationship between the psychosocial work environment and workers’ health based on studies that used standardized and validated instruments to assess the psychosocial work environment and that focused on medically confirmed health outcomes. A systematic review of the literature was carried out by searching the databases PubMed, B-ON, Science Direct, Psycarticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection and the search engine (Google Scholar) using appropriate words for studies published from 2004 to 2014. This review follows the recommendations of the Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Studies were included in the review if data on psychosocial validated assessment method(s) for the study population and specific medical evaluation of health-related work outcome(s) were presented. In total, the search strategy yielded 10,623 references, of which 10 studies (seven prospective cohort and three cross-sectional) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (7/10) observed an adverse effect of poor psychosocial work factors on workers’ health: 3 on sickness absence, 4 on cardiovascular diseases. The other 3 studies reported detrimental effects on sleep and on disease-associated biomarkers. A more consistent effect was observed in studies of higher methodological quality that used a prospective design jointly with the use of validated instruments for the assessment of the psychosocial (work) environment and clinical evaluation. More prospective studies are needed to assess the evidence of work-related psychosocial factors on workers´ health.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1186/s12995-016-0106-9

Referens

Rosario, S., Fonseca, J. A., Nienhaus, A., da Costa, J. T. (2016). Standardized assessment of psychosocial factors and their influence on medically confirmed health outcomes in workers: a systematic review. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 11, S. 19.

Burnout and psychosocial risk factors in the career of flight attendants: Descriptive study of a population of Lebanese flight attendants

Richa, N., Zreik, H., Richa, S.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of demographic factors (gender and age), work related factors (the position and years of practice) and psychosocial risk factors (cognitive demands, demands to hide emotions, work-family conflict, offensive behaviors…) on the development of burnout among flight attendants, and the nature of psychosocial factors to which they are exposed. Methods: The sample was divided into two groups: 67 flight attendants and 67 persons in various jobs. Our sampling units were informed and consented to fill in two questionnaires: the Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Results: The burnout syndrome affected both groups equally. It affected equally the women as well as men, whatever their age categories and their years of experience. The flight attendants occupying an intermediate position in the hierarchy had the highest score on the burnout syndrome. The psychosocial factors significantly found in flight attendants compared to the control group were: demands for hiding emotions, quantitative demands, emotional demands, temporal demands, lack of influence at work, of rewards, of possibility for development and variation of work, poor quality of leadership, exposure to sexual harassment, lack of social support from supervisors, colleagues, social community at work and work-family conflict. Four of them correlated positively with the development of burnout: quantitative demands, temporal demands, emotional demands and work-family conflict. Their expected work volume is very high (quantitative demands). They have to perform their tasks quickly in a limited time without forgetting the technical constraints (temporal demands). They have to work with an average of three hundred passengers besides colleagues and subordinates, which requires diligent control of the emotions promoted by the airline code of conduct based on repression of emotions (emotional demands). These demands affect the workers once they find themselves in their family environment and can have a negative effect on their private life (work-family conflict). However, the predictability seems to allow them to be aware of decisions and changes and protect them against burnout. Conclusion: The profession of flight attendants appears to be characterized by some psychosocial risk factors, some of which are positively correlated with burnout. Improved working conditions can prevent these risks and protect these employees from burnout.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Libanon

Yrken

Flygvärdinnor

DOI

10.1016/j.encep.2015.12.016

Referens

Richa, N., Zreik, H., Richa, S. (2016). Burnout and psychosocial risk factors in the career of flight attendants: Descriptive study of a population of Lebanese flight attendants. L'Encephale, 42 (2), S. 144–149.

Exploring the Interaction Between Volunteering Status, Paid Job Characteristics and Quality of Volunteers’ Motivation on Mental Health

Ramos, R., Güntert, S., Brauchli, R., Bauer, G., Wehner, T., Hämmig, O.

Sammanfattning

The literature on the health-promoting effects of community work has primarily dealt with the population in retirement age, yet the vast majority of volunteers are people still in the workforce. The aim of this study is to observe the relationship between volunteering and health within the context of working life, considering paid work conditions and motives to volunteer as moderating variables. We conducted an online survey with a sample of Swiss workers employed in different industries. Results show that volunteers with self-determined motives (but not with controlled motives) report lower levels of stress and burnout than non-volunteers. Moreover, volunteers in general (regardless of the quality of motivation) report higher levels of work engagement and well-being. Analyses further reveal an interaction effect for burnout and stress, where the difference between self-determined volunteers and non-volunteers becomes larger with unfavorable working conditions at their paid job, hinting at potential compensatory effects. Implications for future research and the voluntary sector are discussed.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s11266-015-9647-2

Referens

Ramos, R., Güntert, S., Brauchli, R., Bauer, G., Wehner, T., Hämmig, O. (2016). Exploring the Interaction Between Volunteering Status, Paid Job Characteristics and Quality of Volunteers’ Motivation on Mental Health. Voluntas, 27 (2), S. 790–809.

Development and validation of the REMINT. A reflection measure for individuals and teams

Otte, K.-P., Konradt, U., Garbers, Y., Schippers, M. C.

Sammanfattning

A growing number of studies have investigated the role of team reflexivity, the extent to which teams reflect on and adapt their functioning. However, the way team reflexivity has been conceptualized and operationalized reveals several weaknesses, in particular the conception as a unidimensional construct. To provide greater conceptual clarity, we therefore propose a team reflexivity framework that integrates four interacting but distinct reflexive processes. In four studies, we focus on reflection as a fundamental reflexive process, and develop and validate an extended multidimensional reflection measure that captures the relevant dimensions of quality and quantity of reflection and the key transition processes of information seeking and information evaluation. Moreover, in order to delineate two common composition methods, we develop and validate a direct consensus and a referent-shift consensus version of the reflection measure. Data collected from a total of 803 students and employees in four studies revealed excellent construct validity, as well as good nomological validity (Studies 1 and 2). Furthermore, we found evidence of the criterion-related validity at the team level (Study 3) and the individual level (Study 4). Together, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our measure, revealing consistent relations with outcome measures and diverse behavioural indicators across different contexts.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Universitetsstuderande

DOI

10.1080/1359432X.2016.1261826

Referens

Otte, K.-P., Konradt, U., Garbers, Y., Schippers, M. C. (2016). Development and validation of the REMINT. A reflection measure for individuals and teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26 (2), S. 299–313.

Belastningssymtom och sviktande arbetsförmåga – en utmaning för tandvården

Nyqvist, E., Arnrup, K., Berthelsen, H.

Sammanfattning

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

Referens

Nyqvist, E., Arnrup, K., Berthelsen, H. (2016). Belastningssymtom och sviktande arbetsförmåga – en utmaning för tandvården. Tandläkartidningen, 14.

Exposure to Psychosocial Risk Factors at Work and the Incidence of Occupational Injuries: A Cohort Study in Spain

Mireia, J., Catalina-Romero, C., Calvo-Bonacho, E., Benavides, F. G.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the association between the exposure to psychosocial risk factors at work and the incidence of occupational injuries (OIs). Methods: A prospective dynamic cohort study (n = 16,693) of 1-year follow-up. Psychosocial risk factors at work were assessed with the Spanish version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Incidence rates of OI per 1000 workers-year were calculated and associations between psychosocial risk factors and OI were estimated by Poisson regression models. Results: Unfavorable levels of esteem in men [rate ratio (RR) = 1.28], and unfavorable levels of social support and quality of leadership (RR = 1.87), psychological demands (RR = 2.20), and active work and possibilities for development (RR = 1.83) among women, were associated with OI incidence. Conclusions: Poor quality of psychosocial work environment increases the incidence of OI. Psychosocial intervention programs could be helpful in order to reduce OI incidence rates and their associated costs.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1097/JOM.0000000000000614

Referens

Mireia, J., Catalina-Romero, C., Calvo-Bonacho, E., Benavides, F. G. (2016). Exposure to Psychosocial Risk Factors at Work and the Incidence of Occupational Injuries: A Cohort Study in Spain. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 58 (3), S. 282–286.

Work family conflict in its relations to perceived working situation and work engagement

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Groneberg, D. A., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G.

Sammanfattning

These days physicians' work is characterized by an increase in economic demands, pressure and challenges in establishing a balance between work and family life. The current study investigates the relationship between physicians' job demands and resources, perceived job stress, work-family conflict, work engagement and job satisfaction.564 clinicians specialising in different medical fields participated in the cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires, including the COPSOQ and the UWES- Scale were administered.Our results illustrated significant relationships between physicians' work engagement and their job satisfaction as well as between job stress and work family conflict. Moreover, perceived job stress moderated the effect of high job demands on work family conflict. In addition, significant gender differences have been found in perceived stress levels, work family conflict and work engagement.This study proves and verified associations between work engagement, work-family conflict, job demands and resources that may influence employees' satisfaction. Implications for both working physicians and hospital management are given.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.3233/WOR-162257

Referens

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Groneberg, D. A., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G. (2016). Work family conflict in its relations to perceived working situation and work engagement. Work (Reading, Mass.), 53 (4), S. 859–869.

Evaluation of self-care skills training and solution-focused counselling for health professionals in psychiatric medicine: a pilot study

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Baresi, L., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to implement and to evaluate a self-care skills training with solution-focused counselling to support psychiatrists in handling their daily work challenges. Methods: A total of 72 psychiatrists working in a psychiatric clinic were randomised in a single-blind trial to either an intervention group or a control group. Outcomes were measured at baseline and at the end of the training (follow-up 1: after 3 months; follow-up 2: after 6 months). A validated questionnaire including the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, Brief Resilient Coping Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale and the Quality of Relationship Inventory was used. Results: Psychiatrists in the intervention group reached a significant reduction in perceived job stress (p = 0.01, d = 0.05), improvements in job satisfaction (p = 0.02, d = 0.04), resilience (p = 0.02, d = 0.04) and self-efficacy (p = 0.04, d = 0.02) from baseline to all follow-ups with no comparable results seen in the control group. Psychiatrists stated an improved quality of physician-patient relationship (e.g. support, conflict management; p < 0.05). Conclusions: A self-care skills training, including solution-focused counselling, for psychiatrists was associated with significant improvements in perceived stress, job satisfaction, individual protective skills and quality of relationship to patients. This training is suitable to implement as a group training program for psychiatrists.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Psykiatriker

DOI

10.1080/13651501.2016.1207085

Referens

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Baresi, L., Groneberg, D. A. (2016). Evaluation of self-care skills training and solution-focused counselling for health professionals in psychiatric medicine: a pilot study. International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice, 20 (4), S. 239–244.

Psychosocial risk management: calamity or opportunity?

Leka, S.

Sammanfattning

År

2016

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqv173

Referens

Leka, S. (2016). Psychosocial risk management: calamity or opportunity?. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 66 (2), S. 89–91.

Associations between musculoskeletal pain and work-related factors among public service sector computer workers in Kaunas County, Lithuania

Kaliniene, G., Ustinaviciene, R., Skemiene, L., Vaiciulis, V., Vasilavicius, P.

Sammanfattning

Background: Information technologies in occupational activities have been developing very rapid. Epidemiological studies have shown that musculoskeletal disorders are widely prevalent among employees working with a computer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in various anatomical areas and its associations with individual, ergonomic, and psychosocial factors among computer workers of the public sector in Kaunas County, Lithuania. Methods: The investigation consisting of two parts - questionnaire study (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) and direct observation (evaluation of work ergonomics using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment [RULA]) - was carried out in three randomly selected public sector companies of Kaunas County. The representative study sample comprised 513 public service office workers. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in five anatomical areas of the body (shoulders, elbows, wrists/hands, as well as upper and low back) was evaluated. Results: The prevalence rates of shoulder, elbow, wrist/hand, upper and low back pain were 50.5 %, 20.3 %, 26.3 %, 44.8 %, and 56.1 %, respectively. Individual factors such as gender, age, computer work experience, and body mass index were found as significant for musculoskeletal pain in various musculoskeletal regions. The respondents reporting pain in shoulder, wrist/hand, upper back, and low back areas had a statistically significantly higher mean RULA score. The duration of working with a computer was found as a significant factor for shoulder pain. High quantitative demands were related to musculoskeletal pain in all investigated anatomical areas expect for the low back; weak social support was a significant predictor for complaints in upper and low back areas. Conclusion: This study confirmed associations between musculoskeletal pain and work ergonomics; therefore, preventive measures at the workplace should be directed to the improvement in ergonomic work environment, education, and workload optimization.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Litauen

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

DOI

10.1186/s12891-016-1281-7

Referens

Kaliniene, G., Ustinaviciene, R., Skemiene, L., Vaiciulis, V., Vasilavicius, P. (2016). Associations between musculoskeletal pain and work-related factors among public service sector computer workers in Kaunas County, Lithuania. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 17 (1), S. 420.

Unwanted sexual attention at work and long-term sickness absence: a follow-up register-based study

Hogh, A., Conway, P. M., Clausen, T., Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: The current understanding of the relationship between unwanted sexual attention at work and long-term sickness absence (LTSA) is limited for three reasons: 1) the under-researched role of unwanted sexual attention perpetrated by individuals outside the work organization; 2) a widespread use of self-reported measures of sickness absence, with an unclear identification of sickness absence episodes of long duration; 3) the cross-sectional design of most existing studies. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the relationship between self-reported unwanted sexual attention at work and subsequent LTSA (≥3 weeks), stratifying by gender and source of exposure (i.e., colleagues, managers and/or subordinates vs. clients/customers/patients). Methods: This prospective study is based on a pooled sample of 14,605 employees from three Danish surveys conducted in 2000, 2004 and 2005, providing a total of 19,366 observations. A single questionnaire-based item was used to assess exposure to unwanted sexual attention. The pooled dataset was merged with Danish register data on LTSA. The risk of first-onset episode of LTSA (up to 18 months after baseline) in connection with unwanted sexual attention was examined using Cox proportional hazards models. We estimated Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) adjusted for age, influence at work, work pace, occupational group and mode of data collection. We also adjusted for repeated measures from individual respondents by stratifying the Cox models by wave of survey. Results: Unwanted sexual attention from colleagues, managers and/or subordinates predicted LTSA among men (HR 2.66; 95 % CI 1.42-5.00). Among women, an elevated but non-statistically significant risk of LTSA (HR 1.18; 95 % CI 0.65-2.14) was found. Unwanted sexual attention from clients/customers/patients did not predict LTSA, neither among men nor among women. Conclusions: The findings indicate a significantly elevated risk of LTSA, among men only, in relation to exposure to unwanted sexual attention from colleagues, managers and/or subordinates. This study therefore suggests both individual and organizational costs associated with unwanted sexual attention at work. Due to the low prevalence of unwanted sexual attention, larger studies with more statistical power are needed to confirm (or disconfirm) the present findings.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-016-3336-y

Referens

Hogh, A., Conway, P. M., Clausen, T., Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H. (2016). Unwanted sexual attention at work and long-term sickness absence: a follow-up register-based study. BMC public health, 16, S. 678.

S05-1 Cultural adaptation and validation of the copsoq ISTAS21 questionnaire in argentina

Gerke, J., Cornelio, C., Zelaschi, C., Alberto, M., Amable, M., Contreras, A., Reif, L.

Sammanfattning

The relevance of the psychosocial factors and occupational health is increasing worldwide. In Argentina a robust measuring instrument of them is needed. The COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) is a comprehensive instrument for its assessment, and it was currently adapted in several countries. The Union Institute of Work Environment and Health (ISTAS) got its Spanish version, known as COPSOQ ISTAS 21. We founded our study on the updated long version of this questionnaire (95 items). The aims of the study were the semantic adaptation through a qualitative strategy, the detailed validation of the psychometric measurement properties, and the development of an abbreviated version of the instrument. We used an intentional sample with a maximum variation strategy, until we reached the theoretical saturation. The main criterion used to set the sample was the educational level (combined with sex and age). With a random sample of 200 wage-earners we performed the quantitative analysis of content validity, reliability, criterion validity and sensitivity. The cultural adaptation, reached by the analyses of the interpretational expected and emerged difficulties, provided us an acceptable and clear version of the questionnaire in our context. For the principal dimensions the Cronbach’s alpha was mostly >0.7 (Demands 0.86, Double presence 0.75, Work organisation 0.83, Interpersonal relationships and leaderships 0.88, Insecurity 0.84, Confidence 0.68, Justice 0.84). The factorial analysis was also consistent. In addition, these psychometric properties were comparable to those in the Danish and German COPSOQ-studies. The adapted Argentinian version is comparable with the COPSOQ ISTAS 21 instrument in terms of validity and is suitable for assessment of the psychosocial work environment in Argentina. The next step is the construction of national reference values for its preventive use in our country.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Argentina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.273

Referens

Gerke, J., Cornelio, C., Zelaschi, C., Alberto, M., Amable, M., Contreras, A., Reif, L. (2016). S05-1 Cultural adaptation and validation of the copsoq ISTAS21 questionnaire in argentina. Occup Environ Med, 73 (Suppl 1), A101.2-A101.

Development of a mobbing short scale in the Gutenberg Health Study

Garthus-Niegel, S., Nubling, M., Letzel, S., Hegewald, J., Wagner, M., Wild, P.S., Blettner, M., Zwiener, I., Latza, U., Jankowiak, S., Liebers, F., Seidler, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Despite its highly detrimental potential, most standard questionnaires assessing psychosocial stress at work do not include mobbing as a risk factor. In the German standard version of COPSOQ, mobbing is assessed with a single item. In the Gutenberg Health Study, this version was used together with a newly developed short scale based on the Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of these two measures, to compare them and to test their differential impact on relevant outcome parameters. Methods: This analysis is based on a population-based sample of 1441 employees participating in the Gutenberg Health Study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability analyses were used to assess the mobbing scale. To determine their predictive validities, multiple linear regression analyses with six outcome parameters and log-binomial regression models for two of the outcome aspects were run. Results: Factor analyses of the five-item scale confirmed a one-factor solution, reliability was α = 0.65. Both the single-item and the five-item scales were associated with all six outcome scales. Effect sizes were similar for both mobbing measures. Conclusion: Mobbing is an important risk factor for health-related outcomes. For the purpose of psychosocial risk assessment in the workplace, both the single-item and the five-item constructs were psychometrically appropriate. Associations with outcomes were about equivalent. However, the single item has the advantage of parsimony, whereas the five-item construct depicts several distinct forms of mobbing.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-015-1058-6

Referens

Garthus-Niegel, S., Nubling, M., Letzel, S., Hegewald, J., Wagner, M., Wild, P.S., Blettner, M., Zwiener, I., Latza, U., Jankowiak, S., Liebers, F., Seidler, A. (2016). Development of a mobbing short scale in the Gutenberg Health Study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 89 (1), S. 137–146.

The Gutenberg health study: associations between occupational and private stress factors and work-privacy conflict

Garthus-Niegel, S., Hegewald, J., Seidler, A., Nubling, M., Espinola-Klein, C., Liebers, F. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Work-privacy conflict (WPC) is no longer a rarity but constitutes a societal problem. The objectives of the present study were (1) to investigate the distribution and prevalence of WPC among the employed participants in the Gutenberg Health Study at baseline and (2) to study the dependence of WPC on a broad range of private life and occupational characteristics as well as on psychosocial working conditions. Methods: This analysis is based on a representative, population-based sample of 3,709 employees participating in the Gutenberg Health Study. Descriptive and bivariable analyses were carried out separately for women and men. Distribution and prevalence of WPC were examined according to socio-demographic and occupational characteristics as well as psychosocial working conditions. Further, stepwise selection of Poisson log-linear regression models were performed to determine which socio-demographic and occupational characteristics were most associated with the outcome variable WPC and to obtain adjusted prevalence ratios from the final model. The multivariable analyses were conducted both separately for women and men and with all subjects together in one analysis. Results: There was a high prevalence of WPC in the present study (27.4 % of the men and 23.0 % of the women reported a high or very high WPC). A variety of factors was associated with WPC, e.g. full-time employment, depression and many of the psychosocial risk factors at work. Also, the multivariable results showed that women were of higher risk for a WPC. Conclusions: By affecting the individual work life, home life, and the general well-being and health, WPC may lead to detrimental effects in employees, their families, employers, and society as a whole. Therefore, the high prevalence of WPC in our sample should be of concern. Among women, the risk for suffering from WPC was even higher, most likely due to multiple burdens.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-016-2881-8

Referens

Garthus-Niegel, S., Hegewald, J., Seidler, A., Nubling, M., Espinola-Klein, C., Liebers, F. et al. (2016). The Gutenberg health study: associations between occupational and private stress factors and work-privacy conflict. BMC public health, 16, S. 192.

Exposure to psychosocial risk factors in the context of work: a systematic review

Fernandes, C., Pereira, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To analyze the scientific literature about the effects of exposure to psychosocial risk factors in work contexts. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the terms “psychosocial factors” AND “COPSOQ” in the databases PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. The period analyzed was from January 1, 2004 to June 30, 2012. We have included articles that used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) as a measuring instrument of the psychosocial factors and the presentation of quantitative or qualitative results. German articles, psychometric studies or studies that did not analyze individual or work factors were excluded. Results: We included 22 articles in the analysis. Individual factors, such as gender, age, and socioeconomic status, were analyzed along with work-related factors such as labor demands, work organization and content, social relationships and leadership, work-individual interface, workplace values, justice and respect, personality, health and well-being, and offensive behaviors. We analyzed the sample type and the applied experimental designs. Some population groups, such as young people and migrants, are more vulnerable. The deteriorated working psychosocial environment is associated with physical health indicators and weak mental health. This environment is also a risk factor for the development of moderate to severe clinical conditions, predicting absenteeism or intention of leaving the job. Conclusions: The literature shows the contribution of exposure to psychosocial risk factors in work environments and their impact on mental health and well-being of workers. It allows the design of practical interventions in the work context to be based on scientific evidences. Investigations in specific populations, such as industry, and studies with more robust designs are lacking.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006129

Referens

Fernandes, C., Pereira, A. (2016). Exposure to psychosocial risk factors in the context of work: a systematic review. Revista de saude publica, 50, S. 24.

Quantitative work demands, emotional demands, and cognitive stress symptoms in surgery nurses

Elfering, A., Grebner, S., Leitner, M., Hirschmuller, A., Kubosch, E. J., Baur, H.

Sammanfattning

In surgery, cognitive stress symptoms, including problems in concentrating, deciding, memorising, and reflecting are risks to patient safety. Recent evidence points to social stressors as antecedents of cognitive stress symptoms in surgery personnel. The current study tests whether cognitive stress symptoms are positively associated with emotional abuse, emotional- and task-related demands and resources in surgery work. Forty-eight surgery nurses from two hospitals filled out the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire in its German version. Task-related and emotional demands were positively related to cognitive stress symptoms. In a stepwise, multiple, linear regression of cognitive stress symptoms on task-related and emotional demands, emotional abuse and emotional demands were unique predictors (p < .05). Efforts to increase patient safety should address emotional abuse, emotional demands, and, therefore, communication and cooperation team climate in surgery personnel.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Operationssjuksköterska

DOI

10.1080/13548506.2016.1200731

Referens

Elfering, A., Grebner, S., Leitner, M., Hirschmuller, A., Kubosch, E. J., Baur, H. (2016). Quantitative work demands, emotional demands, and cognitive stress symptoms in surgery nurses. Psychology, health & medicine, S. 1–7..

Bullying and Harassment of Trainee Teachers

Drüge, M., Schleider, K., Rosati, A.-S.

Sammanfattning

The present study describes the prevalence of trainee teachers being victims to bullying and distinguishes between different types of bullying within a cross-sectional design. Moreover it shows interrelations between bullying and outcomes (intention to leave, job satisfaction, general health state, burnout, cognitive stress symptoms and satisfaction with life). The data was collected by means of the Negative Acts Questionnaire R (Einarsen, Hoel & Notelaers 2009), which contains work-related bullying, personal bullying and physically-intimidating bullying. The outcomes are measured by means of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ, Nübling et al., 2012). 342 German women and men (female = 81,9%. male = 18,1%; age: M = 28, SD = 4) in their second phase of the teacher-training participated online. First results show that 37,4% have experienced at least one negative weekly. The most common type of bullying is the work-related type (median: 14) followed by personal bullying (median: 9). The prevalence rates are higher among men (35,5%) than among women (16,8%). Correlations between bullying and worse outcomes on all variables were found. In summary the results are alarming and point out that there should be a greater focus on this topic, especially on prevention and intervention.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Lärarkandidat

DOI

10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.07.018

Referens

Drüge, M., Schleider, K., Rosati, A.-S. (2016). Bullying and Harassment of Trainee Teachers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 228, S. 118–122.

Job stress models for predicting burnout syndrome: a review

Chirico, F.

Sammanfattning

In Europe, the Council Directive 89/391 for improvement of workers’ safety and health has emphasized the importance of addressing all occupational risk factors, and hence also psychosocial and organizational risk factors. Nevertheless, the construct of “work-related stress” elaborated from EU-OSHA is not totally corresponding with the “psychosocial” risk, that is a broader category of risk, comprising various and different psychosocial risk factors. The term “burnout”, without any binding definition, tries to integrate symptoms as well as cause of the burnout process. In Europe, the most important methods developed for the work related stress risk assessment are based on the Cox’s transactional model of job stress. Nevertheless, there are more specific models for predicting burnout syndrome. This literature review provides an overview of job burnout, highlighting the most important models of job burnout, such as the Job Strain, the Effort/Reward Imbalance and the Job Demands-Resources models. The difference between these models and the Cox’s model of job stress is explored.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.4415/ANN_16_03_17

Referens

Chirico, F. (2016). Job stress models for predicting burnout syndrome: a review. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita, 52 (3), S. 443–456.

Workplace Violence and Job Outcomes of Newly Licensed Nurses

Chang, H. E., Cho, S.-H.

Sammanfattning

Puprpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of workplace violence toward newly licensed nurses and the relationship between workplace violence and job outcomes. Methods: An online survey was conducted of newly licensed registered nurses who had obtained their license in 2012 or 2013 in South Korea and had been working for 5-12 months after first being employed. The sample consisted of 312 nurses working in hospitals or clinics. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II was used to measure violence and nurse job outcomes. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between violence and job outcomes. Results: Verbal abuse was most prevalent (59.6%), followed by threats of violence (36.9%), physical violence (27.6%), bullying (25.6%), and sexual harassment (22.4%). Approximately three quarters of the nurses had experienced at least one type of violence. The main perpetrators were patients and nurse colleagues, although the distribution of perpetrators varied depending on the type of violence. Bullying had a significant relationship with all four job outcomes (job satisfaction, burnout, commitment to the workplace, and intent to leave), while verbal abuse was associated with all job outcomes except for intent to leave. Violence perpetrated by nurse colleagues had a significant relationship with all four job outcomes, while violence by physicians had a significant inverse relationship with job satisfaction. Conclusions: Workplace violence is experienced by a high percentage of newly licensed nurses, and is associated with their job outcomes.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.anr.2016.09.001

Referens

Chang, H. E., Cho, S.-H. (2016). Workplace Violence and Job Outcomes of Newly Licensed Nurses. Asian nursing research.

The Impact of an Ergonomics Intervention on Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Thai Hospital Orderlies

Chanchai, W., Songkham, W., Ketsomporn, P., Sappakitchanchai, P., Siriwong, W., Robson, M. G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders have a multifactorial etiology that is not only associated with physical risk factors, but also psychosocial risk factors; (2) Objective: This study evaluated the effects of an ergonomic intervention on musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial risk factors; (3) Material and Methods: This study took a participatory ergonomic (PE) approach with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted at tertiary care hospitals during July to December 2014. A group of hospital orderlies in Thailand were randomly selected for examination. Fifty orderlies were placed in a case group and another 50 orderlies were placed in the control group. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were used for data collection before and after the intervention program; (4) Results: The most commonly reported problem among hospital orderlies was found to be lower back symptoms (82%). The study found significant differences in prevalence rates of reported musculoskeletal conditions in the arm, upper back, and lower back regions before and after intervention. Findings showed that psychosocial risk factors were affected by the intervention. COPSOQ psychosocial risk factors were significantly different pre/post intervention. These variables included: work pace, influence at work, meaning of work, predictability, rewards, role conflicts, and social support from supervisors. No other psychosocial risk factors were found to be significant; (5) Conclusions: Positive results were observed following the intervention in the work environment, particularly in terms of reducing physical work environment risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and increasing promotion factors of the psychosocial work environment.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Thailand

Yrken

Sjukhusundersköterska

DOI

10.3390/ijerph13050464

Referens

Chanchai, W., Songkham, W., Ketsomporn, P., Sappakitchanchai, P., Siriwong, W., Robson, M. G. (2016). The Impact of an Ergonomics Intervention on Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Symptoms among Thai Hospital Orderlies. International journal of environmental research and public health, 13 (5).

A Qualitative Study on the Content Validity of the Social Capital Scales in the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II)

Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J., Kristensen, T. S., Lönnblad, A., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) includes scales for measuring workplace social capital. The overall aim of this article is to evaluate the content validity of the following scales: horizontal trust, vertical trust and justice based on data from cognitive interviews using a think-aloud procedure. Informants were selected to achieve variation in gender, age, region of residence, and occupation. A predetermined coding scheme was used to identify: 1) Perspective (reflection on behalf of oneself only or abstraction to a broader perspective), 2) Use of response options, 3) Contexts challenging the process of answering, and 4) Overall reflections included in the retrieval and judgement processes leading to an answer for each item.The results showed that 1) the intended shift from individual to a broader perspective worked for eight out of eleven items. 2) The response option balancing in the middle covered different meanings. Retrieval of information needed to answer constituted a problem in four out of eleven items. 3) Three contextually challenging situations were identified. 4) For most items the reflections corresponded well with the intention of the scales, though the items asking about withheld information caused more problems in answering and lower content validity compared to the other items of the scales. In general, the findings supported the content validity of the COPSOQ II measurement of workplace social capital as a group construct. The study opens for new insight into how concepts and questions are understood and answered among people coming from different occupations and organizational settings.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.16993/sjwop.5

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Hakanen, J., Kristensen, T. S., Lönnblad, A., Westerlund, H. (2016). A Qualitative Study on the Content Validity of the Social Capital Scales in the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1 (1).

Physicians' occupational stress, depressive symptoms and work ability in relation to their working environment: a cross-sectional study of differences among medical residents with various specialties working in German hospitals

Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study aimed to analyse and compare differences in occupational stress, depressive symptoms, work ability and working environment among residents working in various medical specialties. Methods: 435 German hospital residents in medical training working in 6 different medical specialties participated in a cross-sectional survey study. Physicians were asked about their working conditions and aspects of mental health and work ability. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, the Work Ability Index, the ICD-10 Symptom Rating and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire were used to measure working conditions, mental health and work ability. Results: Results show that up to 17% of the physicians reported high levels of occupational distress and 9% reported high levels of depressive symptoms. 11% of the hospital physicians scored low in work ability. Significant differences between medical specialties were demonstrated for occupational distress, depressive symptoms, work ability, job demands and job resources. Surgeons showed consistently the highest levels of perceived distress but also the highest levels of work ability and lowest scores for depression. Depressive symptoms were rated with the highest levels by anaesthesiologists. Significant associations between physicians’ working conditions, occupational distress and mental health-related aspects are illustrated. Conclusions: Study results demonstrated significant differences in specific job stressors, demands and resources. Relevant relations between work factors and physicians' health and work ability are discussed. These findings should be reinvestigated in further studies, especially with a longitudinal study design. This work suggests that to ensure physicians' health, hospital management should plan and implement suitable mental health promotion strategies. In addition, operational efficiency through resource planning optimisation and work process improvements should be focused by hospital management.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011369

Referens

Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A., Mache, S. (2016). Physicians' occupational stress, depressive symptoms and work ability in relation to their working environment: a cross-sectional study of differences among medical residents with various specialties working in German hospitals. BMJ open, 6 (6), e011369.

Does psychosocial competency training for junior physicians working in pediatric medicine improve individual skills and perceived job stress

Bernburg, M., Baresi, L., Groneberg, D., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Pediatricians' job performance, work engagement, and job satisfaction are essential for both the individual physician and quality of care for their little patients and parents. Therefore, it is important to maintain or possibly augment pediatricians' individual and professional competencies. In this study, we developed and implemented a psychosocial competency training (PCT) teaching different psychosocial competencies and stress coping techniques. We investigated (1) the influence of the PCT on work-related characteristics: stress perception, work engagement, job satisfaction and (2) explored pediatricians' outcomes and satisfaction with PCT. Fifty-four junior physicians working in pediatric hospital departments participated in the training and were randomized in an intervention (n = 26) or a control group (n = 28). In the beginning, at follow-up 1 and 2, both groups answered a self-rated questionnaire on perceived training outcomes and work-related factors. The intervention group showed that their job satisfaction significantly increased while perceived stress scores decreased after taking part in the PCT. No substantial changes were observed with regard to pediatricians' work engagement. Participating physicians evaluated PCT with high scores for training design, content, received outcome, and overall satisfaction with the training. Conclusion: Professional psychosocial competency training could improve junior pediatricians' professional skills, reduce stress perception, increase their job satisfaction, and psychosocial skills. In addition, this study indicates that the PCT is beneficial to be implemented as a group training program for junior pediatricians at work. What is Known: • Junior pediatricians often report experiencing high levels of job strain and little supervisory support. • High levels of job demands make pediatricians vulnerable for mental health problems and decreased work ability. What is New: • Development, implementation, and evaluation of a psychosocial competency training for junior pediatricians working in clinical settings • Psychosocial competency training has the potential to improve pediatricians' psychosocial skills and perceptions of perceived work-related stress and job satisfaction.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Barnläkare

DOI

10.1007/s00431-016-2777-8

Referens

Bernburg, M., Baresi, L., Groneberg, D., Mache, S. (2016). Does psychosocial competency training for junior physicians working in pediatric medicine improve individual skills and perceived job stress. European journal of pediatrics, 175 (12), S. 1905–1912.

Work-family conflict and neck and back pain in surgical nurses

Baur, H., Grebner, S., Blasimann, A., Hirschmuller, A., Kubosch, E. J., Elfering, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Surgical nurses' work is physically and mentally demanding, possibly leading to work-family conflict (WFC). The current study tests WFC to be a risk factor for neck and lower back pain (LBP). Job influence and social support are tested as resources that could buffer the detrimental impact of WFC. Methods: Forty-eight surgical nurses from two university hospitals in Germany and Switzerland were recruited. WFC was assessed with the Work-Family Conflict Scale. Job influence and social support were assessed with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, and back pain was assessed with the North American Spine Society Instrument. Results: Multiple linear regression analyses confirmed WFC as a significant predictor of cervical pain (β = 0.45, p < 0.001) and LBP (β = 0.33, p = 0.012). Job influence and social support did not turn out to be significant predictors and were not found to buffer the impact of WFC in moderator analyses. Conclusion: WFC is likely to affect neck and back pain in surgery nurses. Work-life interventions may have the potential to reduce WFC in surgery nurses.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland, Schweiz

Yrken

Operationssjuksköterska

DOI

10.1080/10803548.2016.1263414

Referens

Baur, H., Grebner, S., Blasimann, A., Hirschmuller, A., Kubosch, E. J., Elfering, A. (2016). Work-family conflict and neck and back pain in surgical nurses. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics : JOSE, s. 1–23.

Psychosocial risks in Psychiatry and Anaesthesiology residents in a Portuguese General and University Hospital

Alves de Moura, P., Serranheira, F., Sacadura-Leite, E.

Sammanfattning

Background: Medical Doctors (MD), although at the front line of response to patients and their families, are seldom study subjects for occupational psychosocial risks and work related stress. Objectives: Assess psychiatry and anaesthesiology residents in a central and university Portuguese Hospital for the presence of psychosocial risks at work. Methods: We used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire version 2 (COPSOQ), which was applied face-to-face in two group settings, in April 2014. It comprised a sample of 19 Psychiatry residents and 20 Anaesthesiology residents. Statistical analysis was done by correlational analysis using Pearson's coefficient (r) and the t-student test for categorical variables. Results: An occupational health risk (red flag) was found for residents in the "Cognitive demands" dimension of COPSOQ and a health risk (red flag) in the "Work influence" dimension for the female Anaesthesiology sub-group. A possible risk (yellow flag) was found in 17 dimensions. Results also showed moderate correlations between various COPSOQ dimensions and the emergency department workload, workload, home study, number of children, year of training and the medical specialty variables. Conclusions: These results suggest that residents have a health risk which derives from the cognitive demands of their work and that it increases with the workload. This implicates the need for occupational health measures to be taken to manage and reduce these psychological risks.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Läkare

Referens

Alves de Moura, P., Serranheira, F., Sacadura-Leite, E. (2016). Psychosocial risks in Psychiatry and Anaesthesiology residents in a Portuguese General and University Hospital. La Medicina del lavoro, 107 (2), S. 129–140.

Coping patterns in special school staff: demographic and organizational factors.

Adams, J., Dudenhoffer, S., Claus, M., Kimbel, R., Letzel, S., Rose, D.-M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Teachers' mental health is commonly discussed in organizational health studies, but studies in special schools are rare. Work-related coping and experience patterns (WCEPs) have been shown to be associated with mental health and intentions to leave. The influence of organizational factors on coping patterns has not been examined. Aims: To assess the distribution of WCEPs in special school staff and to identify potential influencing factors. Methods: We surveyed a sample of teachers and educational staff in 13 German special schools using the WCEP questionnaire and COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). Results: Of 245 teachers and 417 educational staff contacted, 114 teachers (47%) and 252 educational staff (60%) responded, an overall response rate of 55% (366/662). Coping patterns of special school staff were classified as unambitious (30%), excessively ambitious (7%), resigned (17%), healthy-ambitious (12%) or unclassifiable (34%). Furthermore we found several significant relations with demographic and organizational factors. For example, the resigned pattern is associated with age [Exp(B) 1.12; 95% CI 1.05-1.19], emotional demands [Exp(B) 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.12], work-family conflict [Exp(B) 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.10] and bullying [Exp(B) 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.08]. Conclusions: Since emotional and social factors are associated with risky (excessively ambitious or resigned) and unambitious coping patterns in special school teachers and educational staff, interventions should focus on them. Further research could explore causal relations and observe the development of coping styles over time.

År

2016

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Särskolepersonal

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqv157

Referens

Adams, J., Dudenhoffer, S., Claus, M., Kimbel, R., Letzel, S., Rose, D.-M. (2016). Coping patterns in special school staff: demographic and organizational factors. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 66 (2), S. 138–142.

Association of suboptimal health status with psychosocial stress, plasma cortisol and mRNA expression of glucocorticoid receptor alpha/beta in lymphocyte

Yan, Y.-X., Dong, J., Liu, Y.-Q., Zhang, J., Song, M.-S., He, Y., Wang, W.

Sammanfattning

Suboptimal health status (SHS) has become a new public health challenge in China. This study investigated whether high SHS is associated with psychosocial stress, changes in cortisol level and/or glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoform expression. Three-hundred eighty-six workers employed in three companies in Beijing were recruited. The SHS score was derived from data collection in the SHS questionnaire (SHSQ-25). The short standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) was used to assess job-related psychosocial stress. The mean value of the five scales of COPSOQ and distribution of plasma cortisol and mRNA expression of GRα/GRβ between the high level of SHS group and the low level of SHS group were compared using a general linear model procedure. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of psychosocial stress on SHS. We identified three factors that were predictive of SHS, including "demands at work", "interpersonal relations and leadership" and "insecurity at work". Significantly higher levels of plasma cortisol and GRβ/GRα mRNA ratio were observed among the high SHS group. High level of SHS is associated with decreased mRNA expression of GRα. This study confirmed the association between chronic psychosocial stress and SHS, indicating that improving the psychosocial work environment may reduce SHS and then prevent chronic diseases effectively.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.3109/10253890.2014.999233

Referens

Yan, Y.-X., Dong, J., Liu, Y.-Q., Zhang, J., Song, M.-S., He, Y., Wang, W. (2015). Association of suboptimal health status with psychosocial stress, plasma cortisol and mRNA expression of glucocorticoid receptor alpha/beta in lymphocyte. Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 18 (1), S. 29–34.

Measuring precarious employment in times of crisis: the revised Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) in Spain

Vives, A., Gonzalez, F., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Benach, J.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study examines the psychometric properties of the revised Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES-2010) in a context of economic crisis and growing unemployment. Methods: Data correspond to salaried workers with a contract (n=4,750) from the second Psychosocial Work Environment Survey (Spain, 2010). Analyses included acceptability, scale score distributions, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and exploratory factor analysis. Results: Response rates were 80% or above, scores were widely distributed with reductions in floor effects for temporariness among permanent workers and for vulnerability. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.70 or above; exploratory factor analysis confirmed the theoretical allocation of 21 out of 22 items. Conclusion: The revised version of the EPRES demonstrated good metric properties and improved sensitivity to worker vulnerability and employment instability among permanent workers. Furthermore, it was sensitive to increased levels of precariousness in some dimensions despite decreases in others, demonstrating responsiveness to the context of the economic crisis affecting the Spanish labour market.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.06.008

Referens

Vives, A., Gonzalez, F., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Benach, J. (2015). Measuring precarious employment in times of crisis: the revised Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) in Spain. Gaceta sanitaria, 29 (5), S. 379–382.

Psychosocial exposures and mental health: distribution by gender and occupational class in a population-based study

Utzet, M., Moncada, S., Molinero, E., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: To estimate the association between exposures to psychosocial risks and risk of minor psychiatric disorder (MPDR) among the working population of Catalonia in 2010, by gender and occupational class. Methods: The analysis is based on a sample, corresponding to the year 2010, of workers in Catalonia (n = 2741). We calculated the prevalence [and 95% confidence interval (95% CI)] of MPDR, stratifying by occupational class, age and sex, and by the different psychosocial exposures. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated between MPDR and the different psychosocial exposures using Poisson regression modelling with robust variance estimates. Results: The main results show that the prevalence of MPDR was ∼12.3% (95% CI: 10.8; 13.8), being higher in women than in men (15.1 and 9.7%, respectively). Workers exposed to each of the various psychosocial dimensions, except for low Control and Double Presence, present significantly higher prevalences of MPDR than non-exposed workers. Differences in terms of gender and occupational class were glimpsed. Conclusion: These results highlight the important contribution of psychosocial risk exposures to the MPDR among the working population, and consequently that there is a need to improve workplace psychosocial environments.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Katalonien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/pubmed/fdv175

Referens

Utzet, M., Moncada, S., Molinero, E., Navarro, A. (2015). Psychosocial exposures and mental health: distribution by gender and occupational class in a population-based study. Journal of public health (Oxford, England).

Intensification and isolation: psychosocial work environment changes in Spain 2005-10

Utzet, M., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Moncada, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Work organization in Spain has traditionally been based on a high proportion of passive work. Changes in the labour market in Europe and the economic crisis that began in 2008 may have had an impact on the pace of work in Spain. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of exposure to high-strain work and passive work in 2010 compared with 2005 and to analyse the distribution by gender, age and occupation of workers exposed to high strain and iso-strain in 2010 compared with 2005. Methods: Two representative samples of the Spanish working population were compared. Unweighted and weighted prevalences in 2010 were calculated and compared with those in 2005. Results: In the 2010 sample of 5110 workers, 29% (95% CI 27.8; 30.7) were exposed to high strain (of whom 83% had low social support). There was an increase of 6% (95% CI 3.8; 7.1) in high strain, and of 7% (95% CI 5.2; 8.3) to iso-strain, compared with 2005 (n = 7612). In 2010, as in 2005, the proportion of manual workers exposed to strain and iso-strain was more than double the corresponding proportion in non-manual workers. Conclusions: There has been an intensification of work, reduction in social support and a notable increase in exposure to high strain and iso-strain. The class inequalities reflect the segmentation of the Spanish labour market.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqv062

Referens

Utzet, M., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Moncada, S. (2015). Intensification and isolation: psychosocial work environment changes in Spain 2005-10. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 65 (5), S. 405–412.

Psychosocial working conditions and mental health status of the German babyboomer generation

Tophoven, S., Tisch, A., Rauch, A., Burghardt, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The baby boomers are the first to be available to the German labour market up to the age of 67. A crucial premise for a long working life is good health. However, there is evidence that psychosocial working conditions are related to health. More and more employees report psychosocial stress at work. In addition, mental illness has become one of the main reasons for the entry into disability pension. Against this background this study considers the relationship between psychosocial work conditions and mental health exemplarily for two birth cohorts of the German baby boomers. Methods: For the analysis of the assumed relationships data of the lidA study "lidA - leben in der Arbeit - German Cohort Study on Work, Age and Health" is used (N=6 057). Mental health is assessed by the mental health scale of the SF-12. In addition, the items and the scales quantitative job requirements, work pace and support from colleagues from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) are used. As further control variables cohort affiliation, level of education, occupational status and partnership are considered. Results: Multivariate analyses of the relations between quantitative job requirements, work pace and the experienced support from colleagues show significant relationship to mental health. The increasing frequency of the requirement to work quickly and increasing quantitative job demands are negatively associated to mental health. However, support of colleagues shows a positive relationship to mental health. These results are similarly observed for women and men. Conclusion: For the regarded group of the German babyboomers, employees at the threshold to higher working age, it is clearly shown that psychosocial working conditions are related to mental health. Since this group still has to work up to 18 years given a statutory retirement age of 67, psychosocial working conditions should rather be in the focus of occupational safety.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1055/s-0034-1398596

Referens

Tophoven, S., Tisch, A., Rauch, A., Burghardt, A. (2015). Psychosocial working conditions and mental health status of the German babyboomer generation. Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)), 77 (4), e63-e69.

Psychosocial Working Conditions in Romania: Comparison between Blue and White Collars

Stoia, M.

Sammanfattning

Stressful working conditions can be a risk for health and well-being, difficult to recognize, quantify and manage. In the present paper, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-a short and adjusted version-was used in order to meet the criteria of a valid, reliable, and diagnostic power instrument in comparing two different categories of Romanian employees from the perspective of psychosocial working conditions. Statistical inter-item dependence was measured by the Spearman's rank test and resulted in significant correlations between 18 of 23 dimensions, especially in white collars group between fatigue-stress, and social support-quality of leadership (r Spearman >0.71). Reliability and diagnostic power for low vitality (fatigue) was better reflected in white collars group (r Spearman =0.61) compared with blue collars group (r Spearman =0.55), considering the criteria of interpersonal relations and leadership scale more relevant than quantitative demands or job satisfaction in assessing Romanian psychosocial working conditions for certain groups.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Rumänien

Yrken

Arbetare, Tjänstemän

Referens

Stoia, M. (2015). Psychosocial Working Conditions in Romania: Comparison between Blue and White Collars. ACTA MEDICA TRANSILVANICA, 20 (2), S. 24–26.

Municipal return to work management in cancer survivors undergoing cancer treatment: a protocol on a controlled intervention study

Stapelfeldt, C. M., Labriola, M., Jensen, A. B., Andersen, N. T., Momsen, A.-M. H., Nielsen, C. V.

Sammanfattning

Background: Cancer survivors are often left on their own to deal with the challenges of resuming work during or after cancer treatment, mainly due to unclear agreements between stakeholders responsible for occupational rehabilitation. Social inequality exists in cancer risk, survival probability and continues with regard to the chance of being able to return to work. The aim is to apply an early, individually tailored occupational rehabilitation intervention to cancer survivors in two municipalities parallel with cancer treatment focusing on enhancing readiness for return to work. Methods/Design: In a controlled trial municipal job consultants use acceptance and commitment therapy dialogue and individual-placement-and-support-inspired tools with cancer survivors to engage them in behaviour changes toward readiness for return to work. The workplace is involved in the return to work process. Patients referred to surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy at the Oncology Department, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark for the diagnoses; breast, colon-rectal, head and neck, thyroid gland, testicular, ovarian or cervix cancer are eligible for the study. Patients must be residents in the municipalities of Silkeborg or Randers, 18–60 years of age and have a permanent or temporary employment (with at least 6 months left of their contract) at inclusion. Patients, for whom the treating physician considers occupational rehabilitation to be unethical, or who are not reading or talking Danish are excluded. The control group has identical inclusion and exclusion criteria except for municipality of residence. Return to work is the primary outcome and is indentified in a social transfer payment register. Effect is assessed as relative cumulative incidences within 52 weeks and will be analysed in generalised linear regression models using the pseudo values method. As a secondary outcome; co-morbidity and socio-economic status is analysed as effect modifiers of the intervention effect on return to work. Discussion: The innovative element of this intervention is the timing of the occupational rehabilitation which is much earlier initiated than usual and the active involvement of the workplace. We anticipate that vulnerable cancer survivors will benefit from this approach and reduce the effects of social inequality on workability.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/s12889-015-2062-1

Referens

Stapelfeldt, C. M., Labriola, M., Jensen, A. B., Andersen, N. T., Momsen, A.-M. H., Nielsen, C. V. (2015). Municipal return to work management in cancer survivors undergoing cancer treatment: a protocol on a controlled intervention study. BMC public health, 15, S. 720.

Assessment of Work Engagement in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale 9 (UWES-9)

Sautier, L. P., Scherwath, A., Weis, J., Sarkar, S., Bosbach, M., Schendel, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Our purpose was the psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9), a self-assessment tool measuring work-related resources consisting of 9 items. Methods: Based on a sample of 179 patients with hematological malignancies in in-patient and rehabilitative oncological settings, we tested the dimensional structure by confirmatory and explorative factor analysis. We further evaluated reliability, item characteristics, and construct validity of the UWES-9. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable fit for both a 1-dimensional factor structure and the original 3-factor model. Based on an explorative principal component analysis, we were able to replicate the 1-dimensional factor accounting for 67% of the total variance and showing very high internal consistency (α=0.94) and high factor loads (0.73-0.88). The construct validity was further supported by significant positive correlations between work engagement and meaning of work, corporate feeling, commitment to the workplace, and job satisfaction. Conclusion: The German version of the UWES-9 shows good psychometric qualities in measuring dedication to work in patients with hematological malignancies in in-patient and rehabilitative oncological settings.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1055/s-0035-1555912

Referens

Sautier, L. P., Scherwath, A., Weis, J., Sarkar, S., Bosbach, M., Schendel, M. et al. (2015). Assessment of Work Engagement in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale 9 (UWES-9). Die Rehabilitation, 54 (5), S. 297–303.

Cross-national validation of prognostic models predicting sickness absence and the added value of work environment variables

Roelen, C. A. M., Stapelfeldt, C. M., Heymans, M. W., van Rhenen, W., Labriola, M., Nielsen, C. V. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To validate Dutch prognostic models including age, self-rated health and prior sickness absence (SA) for ability to predict high SA in Danish eldercare. The added value of work environment variables to the models’ risk discrimination was also investigated. Methods: 2,562 municipal eldercare workers (95 % women) participated in the Working in Eldercare Survey. Predictor variables were measured by questionnaire at baseline in 2005. Prognostic models were validated for predictions of high (≥30) SA days and high (≥3) SA episodes retrieved from employer records during 1-year follow-up. The accuracy of predictions was assessed by calibration graphs and the ability of the models to discriminate between high- and low-risk workers was investigated by ROC-analysis. The added value of work environment variables was measured with Integrated Discrimination Improvement (IDI). Results: 1,930 workers had complete data for analysis. The models underestimated the risk of high SA in eldercare workers and the SA episodes model had to be re-calibrated to the Danish data. Discrimination was practically useful for the re-calibrated SA episodes model, but not the SA days model. Physical workload improved the SA days model (IDI = 0.40; 95 % CI 0.19–0.60) and psychosocial work factors, particularly the quality of leadership (IDI = 0.70; 95 % CI 053–0.86) improved the SA episodes model. Conclusions: The prognostic model predicting high SA days showed poor performance even after physical workload was added. The prognostic model predicting high SA episodes could be used to identify high-risk workers, especially when psychosocial work factors are added as predictor variables.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s10926-014-9536-3

Referens

Roelen, C. A. M., Stapelfeldt, C. M., Heymans, M. W., van Rhenen, W., Labriola, M., Nielsen, C. V. et al. (2015). Cross-national validation of prognostic models predicting sickness absence and the added value of work environment variables. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 25 (2), S. 279–287.

lidA–leben in der Arbeit. German cohort study on work, age and health

Rauch, A., Burghardt, A., Eggs, J., Tisch, A., Tophoven, S.

Sammanfattning

The aim of the study “lidA-leben in der Arbeit. German Cohort Study on Work, Age and Health” is to provide a database that enables the investigation of the relationship between work, ageing and health. lidA focuses on two birth cohorts of German baby boomers, born in 1959 and 1965. The longitudinal design of the study allows not only the differentiation between age groups but also identification of cohort and period effects. For this purpose, employees of the two cohorts are interviewed repeatedly at intervals of 3 years. The content of the survey is divided into three thematic fields: The first field concentrates on their current work situation and occupation and contains questions on work environment and individual evaluation of job demands. The second thematic field includes a range of questions on the health status of the interviewees. Additionally, a hand-grip strength test is conducted as an objective indicator for long-term development of muscle strength. The last set of survey questions goes into more detail on the household and socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. This article gives an overview of the currently available first two waves of the lidA panel survey. The article is structured as follows. After an introduction, the main aims of the study are discussed. The subsequent sections describe the research and sampling design as well as the content of the survey. The paper concludes with an outlook, information on data access and the prospects of future research on the basis of lidA.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s12651-015-0189-2

Referens

Rauch, A., Burghardt, A., Eggs, J., Tisch, A., Tophoven, S. (2015). lidA–leben in der Arbeit. German cohort study on work, age and health. J Labour Market Res, 48 (3), S. 195–202.

Measuring psychosocial exposures: validation of the Persian of the copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire (COPSOQ)

Pournik, O., Ghalichi, L., TehraniYazdi, A., Tabatabaee, S. M., Ghaffari, M., Vingard, E.

Sammanfattning

Background: The effect of psychosocial work environment on personal and organizational aspects of employees is well-known; and it is of fundamental importance to have valid tools to evaluate them. This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Methods: The questionnaire was translated into Persian and then back translated into English by two translators separately. The wording of the final Persian version was established by comparing the translated versions with the original questionnaire. One hundred three health care workers completed the questionnaire. Chronbach’s alpha was calculated, and factor analysis was performed. Results: Factor analysis revealed acceptable validity for the five contexts of the questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.73 to 0.82 in different contexts. Conclusion: This study revealed that the Persian version of COPSOQ is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring psychosocial factors at work.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Iran

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

Referens

Pournik, O., Ghalichi, L., TehraniYazdi, A., Tabatabaee, S. M., Ghaffari, M., Vingard, E. (2015). Measuring psychosocial exposures: validation of the Persian of the copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire (COPSOQ). Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 29, S. 221.

Prevalence and perpetrators of workplace violence by nursing unit and the relationship between violence and the perceived work environment

Park, M., Cho, S.-H., Hong, H.-J.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To identify the prevalence and perpetrators of workplace violence against nurses and to examine the relationship of work demands and trust and justice in the workplace with the occurrence of violence. Design: This study employed cross-sectional data from a 2013 nurse survey conducted at a university hospital in Seoul, South Korea. The study sample included 970 female nurses from 47 nursing units, including general, oncology, intensive care units (ICUs), operating rooms, and outpatient departments. Methods: The second version of the medium-sized Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II) was used to measure work demands (i.e., quantitative demands, work pace, and emotional demands), trust and justice, and violence. Relationships among those variables were examined by conducting multiple logistic regression analyses with multilevel modeling. Findings: The 12-month prevalence of verbal abuse (63.8%) was highest, followed by threats of violence (41.6%), physical violence (22.3%), and sexual harassment (19.7%), but bullying had the lowest prevalence (9.7%). Physical violence, threats of violence, and verbal abuse occurred most frequently in ICUs, whereas sexual harassment and bullying were highest in operating rooms. The main perpetrators were patients, followed by physicians and patients' families. Nurses perceiving greater work demands and less trust and justice were more likely to have been exposed to violence. Conclusions: The prevalence and perpetrators of violence varied considerably among nursing units. Greater work demands and less trust and justice were associated with nurses' experiences of violence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Adequate work demands and a trusted and just work environment may reduce violence against nurses. In return, reduction of violence will contribute to creating a better nursing work environment.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/jnu.12112

Referens

Park, M., Cho, S.-H., Hong, H.-J. (2015). Prevalence and perpetrators of workplace violence by nursing unit and the relationship between violence and the perceived work environment. Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, 47 (1), S. 87–95.

Work ability and psychosocial factors among hairdressers workers, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Pacheco Ferreira, A.

Sammanfattning

This study came up with the main objective to inspect psychosocial health and wellbeing factors that affect the work ability of hairdresser. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in which 106 hairdressers workers were surveyed. To this end, the Work Ability Index (WAI) and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) questionnaires were administered. The results demonstrate that the sociodemographic variables gender, age and educational attainment are influenced by psychosocial health factors. The average WAI score among workers was 40,7 points (SD=7,2), ranging from 24 to 49 points and the prevalence of good capacity for work was 77,36%. Regarding to the symptoms of stress were obtained in difficulty to think clearly (16,03%), pain or problems in the stomach (13,21%), tension in various muscles (15,1%), difficulty making decisions (13,21%), lack of initiative (8,49%) and tightness or chest pain (9,43%) in respondents. The administrators of beauty salons should be aware of the results obtained with this category of workers so little studied (but very prominent today) to pore in creating an environment conducive to maintaining the work capacity and well-being of hairdressers, mitigating the problems encountered with this study.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Frisörer

DOI

10.4067/S0718-24492015000100014

Referens

Pacheco Ferreira, A. (2015). Work ability and psychosocial factors among hairdressers workers, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cienc Trab., 17 (52), S. 83–88.

Work-Family Conflict, Task Interruptions, and Influence at Work Predict Musculoskeletal Pain in Operating Room Nurses

Nutzi, M., Koch, P., Baur, H., Elfering, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in Swiss operating room (OR) nurses, and to investigate how work–family conflict, work interruptions, and influence at work are related to lumbar and cervical back pain. Methods: Participants in this correlational questionnaire study included 116 OR nurses from eight different hospitals in Switzerland. Results: We found that 66% of the OR staff suffered from musculoskeletal problems. The most prevalent musculoskeletal complaints were lumbar (52.7%) and cervical pain (38.4%). Furthermore, 20.5% reported pain in the mid spine region, 20.5% in the knees and legs, and 9.8% in the hands and feet. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that work–family conflict (p < 0.05) and interruptions (p < 0.05) significantly predicted lumbar and cervical pain in OR nurses, while influence at work (p < 0.05) only predicted lumbar pain. Conclusion: These results suggest that reducing the work–family conflict and interruptions at work, as well as offering opportunities to influence one's workplace, help to promote OR nurses' health.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Schweiz

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.shaw.2015.07.011

Referens

Nutzi, M., Koch, P., Baur, H., Elfering, A. (2015). Work-Family Conflict, Task Interruptions, and Influence at Work Predict Musculoskeletal Pain in Operating Room Nurses. Safety and health at work, 6 (4), S. 329–337.

The relationship of work-related psychosocial risk factors with depressive symptoms among Hungarian workers: preliminary results of the Hungarian Work Stress Survey

Nistor, K., Nistor, A., Adam, S., Szabo, A., Konkoly Thege, B., Stauder, A.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Research has shown that psychosocial stress acts as a risk factor for mental disorders. Aim: The present study aims at processing the preliminary results of the Hungarian Survey of Work Stress, concerning the relationship between depressive symptoms and work stress. Methods: Cross-sectional survey among Hungarian workers was carried out (n = 1058, 27.5% man, 72.5% woman, age 37.2 years, SD = 11 years). Psychosocial factors were measured using the COPSOQ II questionnaire, while BDI-9 was used for the assessment of depressive symptoms. Statistical analysis was carried out applying Spearman’s correlation and logistic regression. Results: A quarter of the workers reported moderate or severe symptoms of depression (BDI≥19). The study confirmed the association between depressive symptoms and work-family conflict (OR = 2.21, CI: 1.82–2.68), possibilities for development (OR = 0.76, CI: 0.59–0.97) meaning of work (OR = 0.69, CI: 0.59–0.89) and commitment (OR = 0.60, CI: 0.47–0.78). Conclusion: The results point toward the need of such organizational measures that allow for the reduction of psychosocial stress.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Ungern

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1556/OH.2015.30103

Referens

Nistor, K., Nistor, A., Adam, S., Szabo, A., Konkoly Thege, B., Stauder, A. (2015). The relationship of work-related psychosocial risk factors with depressive symptoms among Hungarian workers: preliminary results of the Hungarian Work Stress Survey. Orvosi hetilap, 156 (11), S. 439–448.

Psychometric characteristics of the Hungarian version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II)

Nistor, K., Ádám, S., Cserháti, Z., Szabó, A., Zakor, T., Stauder, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Several national and international studies confirmed the negative health effects of work stress. Since 2008, the Hungarian Legislation on Occupational Safety and Health requires the employer to assess and prevent psychosocial risk at work; however, in Hungary, there is no validated tool for assessing psychosocial risk factors which allows for the complex implementation of the Hungarian legislation. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) is suitable for assessing several psychosocial risks and health outcomes; therefore, allows for the complex implementation of the cited legislation. Aims: The cultural and linguistic adaptation as well as the psychometric investigation of the Hungarian version of the COPSOQ II. Method: The sample consisted of 527 individuals (25.9% male, 74.1% female, mean age 35.6±9.9 years). The translation and back-translation process was followed by linguistic validation. Data for the validation were collected via online questionnaires. To test the factor structure of the instrument, exploratory factor analysis was used. The temporal stability of the questionnaire was also assessed. Convergent validity was assessed by comparing the COPSOQ II scales with other questionnaires measuring similar constructs: the Effort—Reward Imbalance Inventory (ERI), the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) and the WHO Well-Being Index (WBI5). We assessed the association between the COPSOQ II scales and Health outcomes by Spearman’s correlation. Results: Internal reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable, Cronbach-alfa values for all scales ranged between 0.68 and 0.90. The questionnaire proved to have good test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.72—0.90). The COPSOQ II scales showed moderate or strong associations with all the questionnaires used for the cross-validation (r = 0.48—0.75). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that the adapted Hungarian COPSOQ II had four factors: Demands, Work organization and job contents, Collaboration and leadership and Values at workplace. The four factors explained 65% of the total variance. All the COPSOQ II scales showed significant, mostly mid-strong association with the assessed outcome variables. The scales of COPSOQ II showed significant (p < 0.001), mid-strong or low correlation with the COPSOQ II Health outcomes scales. Conclusions: The results suggest that the Hungarian version of the COPSOQ II is a reliable assessment tool with good construct validity and thus suitable for assessing psychosocial risk factors at the workplace.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Ungern

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1556/0406.16.2015.2.3

Referens

Nistor, K., Ádám, S., Cserháti, Z., Szabó, A., Zakor, T., Stauder, A. (2015). Psychometric characteristics of the Hungarian version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II). Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika, 16 (2), S. 179–207.

Co-occurrence of protective health behaviours and perceived psychosocial job characteristics

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Perry, I. J., Harrington, J. M., Greiner, B. A.

Sammanfattning

Little is known about the association between positive job characteristics of older workers and the co-occurrence of protective health behaviours. This study aims to investigate the association between perceived psychosocial job characteristics and the adoption of protective health behaviours. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 1025 males and females (age-range 50–69-years) attending a primary healthcare clinic. Perceived job characteristics (job demands: quantitative and cognitive demands; resources: possibility for development and influence at work) were determined using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Each scale is presented in tertiles. Protective health behaviours were; consumption of five or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, moderate alcohol, non/ex-smoker, and high and moderate physical activity. Each participant was scored 0–4 protective health behaviours. The majority of the sample had three protective health behaviours. Higher levels of influence at work and cognitive demands were associated with higher self-reported physical activity, but not with any number of protective health behaviours. Conversely, higher quantitative and higher cognitive demands were associated with reporting any number of protective health behaviours or above average number of protective health behaviours respectively. The findings on protective health behaviours were inconsistent in relation to the different measures of perceived psychosocial job characteristics and were largely confined to physical activity and diet.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Irland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.09.012

Referens

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Perry, I. J., Harrington, J. M., Greiner, B. A. (2015). Co-occurrence of protective health behaviours and perceived psychosocial job characteristics. Preventive medicine reports, 2, S. 812–817.

Evaluation of a Multicomponent Psychosocial Skill Training Program for Junior Physicians in Their First Year at Work: A Pilot Study

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The present study was designed to gather preliminary information regarding the feasibility of implementing a psychosocial resilience program and to assess if the program would potentially promote protective factors (such as resiliency, self-efficacy) and job satisfaction as well as decreasing perceived stress among a sample of German junior physicians. Methods: Eighty-two junior physicians in their first year after graduation took part in the project and were randomized in a controlled trial to either an intervention or a control group for 3 months. The intervention group was offered resilience training combined with cognitive behavioral and solution-focused counseling. Primary outcome measures included scales of the PSQ, BRCS, SWOPE, and COPSOQ. Two post-intervention follow-up measurements proved the effectiveness of the intervention. Results: There was a significant improvement between baseline and follow-up intervention scores on measures of resilience, self-efficacy, optimism, and perceived stress observed in the intervention group compared to the control group. Job satisfaction did not significantly differ between baseline and follow-ups. Conclusions: These results indicate that the program to enhance resilience and decrease stress among physicians is feasible to implement as a group training program in a workplace setting. Further, the intervention provides statistically significant improvement in perceptions of distress and strengthens protective factors (such as resiliency).

År

2015

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A. (2015). Evaluation of a Multicomponent Psychosocial Skill Training Program for Junior Physicians in Their First Year at Work: A Pilot Study. Family medicine, 47 (9), S. 693–698.

High work ability and performance in psychiatric health care services. Associations with organizational, individual and contextual factors

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Continuing development in the German healthcare system has a strong influence on the work situation of hospital clinicians working in Psychiatric Medicine. Since the job demands for psychiatrists are growing, there is a strong need to promote, preserve and restore doctors’ work ability. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of psychiatrists’ work ability and to examine relations between work ability, job performance and organizational as wells as individual resources (e.g. work engagement) of doctors working in psychiatric hospitals.The current survey investigation was conducted as a cross-sectional. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Work Ability Index were used to evaluate psychiatrists’ work engagement, working conditions and work ability.Psychiatrists reported high levels of work ability and work engagement. Significant associations have been found between doctors’ sources of work engagement, work ability and organizational factors (e.g. possibilities for development, income, etc.). Moreover, significant differences in gender, age and marital status have been analyzed with regard to perceived work ability scores.The study results reflect the positive effect of supportive working conditions and work engagement on the preservation of psychiatrists’ work ability. Our research suggests that strengthening psychiatrists’ work ability and work engagement will contribute to a more sustainable workplace, in terms of both individual and hospital performance. Innovative strategies for physicians’ personal development and improving capacity and performance of clinicians working in Psychiatric Medicine are strongly required.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Psykiatriker

DOI

10.1016/j.npbr.2015.03.001

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A. (2015). High work ability and performance in psychiatric health care services. Associations with organizational, individual and contextual factors. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research, 21 (2), S. 88–95.

Managing work-family conflict in the medical profession: working conditions and individual resources as related factors

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study developed and tested a research model that examined the effects of working conditions and individual resources on work–family conflict (WFC) using data collected from physicians working at German clinics. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 727 physicians working in German hospitals. The work environment, WFC and individual resources were measured by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, the WFC Scale, the Brief Resilient Coping Scale and the Questionnaire for Self-efficacy, Optimism and Pessimism. Descriptive, correlation and linear regression analyses were applied. Results: Clinical doctors working in German hospitals perceived high levels of WFC (mean=76). Sociodemographic differences were found for age, marital status and presence of children with regard to WFC. No significant gender differences were found. WFCs were positively related to high workloads and quantitative job demands. Job resources (eg, influence at work, social support) and personal resources (eg, resilient coping behaviour and self-efficacy) were negatively associated with physicians’ WFCs. Interaction terms suggest that job and personal resources buffer the effects of job demands on WFC. Conclusions: In this study, WFC was prevalent among German clinicians. Factors of work organisation as well as factors of interpersonal relations at work were identified as significant predictors for WFC. Our results give a strong indication that both individual and organisational factors are related to WFC. Results may play an important role in optimising clinical care. Practical implications for physicians’ career planning and recommendations for future research are discussed.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006871

Referens

Mache, S., Bernburg, M., Vitzthum, K., Groneberg, D. A., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G. (2015). Managing work-family conflict in the medical profession: working conditions and individual resources as related factors. BMJ open, 5 (4), e006871.

Association of perceived job insecurity with ischemic heart disease and antihypertensive medication in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study 1990-2010

Latza, U., Rossnagel, K., Hannerz, H., Burr, H., Jankowiak, S., Backe, E.-M.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To determine the effect of job insecurity based on repeated measurements on ischemic heart disease (IHD) and on antihypertensive medication. Methods: The study population consists of 12,559 employees aged 18–59 years of the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. With an open cohort design, data from up to four representative waves were linked to four registers. Poisson regression with time-dependent covariates was used to estimate the rate ratio (RR) with confidence interval (CI) of perceived job insecurity associated with first-time IHD hospitalization or mortality 1991–2010 (n = 561 cases) and incident dispensing of prescribed antihypertensive medications 1996–2010 (n = 2,402 cases). Results: Participants with perceived job insecurity filled more antihypertensive prescriptions (age-, gender-, and calendar year-adjusted RR 1.23, 95 % CI 1.12–1.33) and had a borderline significant higher IHD incidence (RR 1.23, 95 % CI 0.98–1.55). In a subanalysis, the risk of antihypertensive medication dispensed was only significant among employees with worries about both unemployment and poor reemployment opportunities. After explorative stratifications by age, gender, and occupational status, perceived job insecurity was associated with more dispensing of antihypertensive medications to participants less than 50 years of age. Conclusions: In a country with high social security and active labor market policy, employees with the feeling of an insecure job have a modestly increased risk to fill an antihypertensive prescription. Further studies on health risks of job insecurity should consider improved exposure assessment, earlier outcomes such as medication in order to increase statistical power, and identification of vulnerable population groups.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-015-1030-5

Referens

Latza, U., Rossnagel, K., Hannerz, H., Burr, H., Jankowiak, S., Backe, E.-M. (2015). Association of perceived job insecurity with ischemic heart disease and antihypertensive medication in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study 1990-2010. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 88 (8), S. 1087–1097.

Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Risk of Burnout in Child Care Workers - A Cross-Sectional Study

Koch, P., Stranzinger, J., Nienhaus, A., Kozak, A.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: German child care workers' job satisfaction is influenced by the consequences of unfavourable underlying conditions. Child care workers tend to suffer from psychosocial stress, as they feel that their work is undervalued. The objective of the present study is to investigate how the psychosocial factors of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model influence musculoskeletal symptoms (MS) and the risk of burnout. To our knowledge this is the first study investigating the association between the factors of the ERI model and MS in child care workers. Methods and Findings: Data from 199 child care workers were examined in a cross-sectional study. Psychosocial factors were recorded with the ERI questionnaire. MS was recorded with the Nordic Questionnaire and risk of burnout with the Personal Burnout scale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Multivariate analysis was performed using linear and logistic regression models. The response rate was 57%. In most of the sample (65%), an effort-reward imbalance was observed. 56% of the child care workers were at risk of burnout and 58% reported MS. Factors associated with risk of burnout were subjective noise exposure (OR: 4.4, 95%CI: 1.55–12.29) and overcommitment (OR: 3.4; 95%CI: 1.46–7.75). There were statistically significant associations between MS and overcommitment (low back pain—OR: 2.2, 95%CI: 1.04–4.51), low control (overall MS OR: 3.8; 95%CI: 1.68–3.37) and risk of burnout (overall MS OR: 2.3, 95%CI: 1.01–5.28). For ERI no statistically significant associations were found with reference to risk of burnout or MS. Conclusion: Overcommitment in child care workers is related to MS and risk of burnout. There is also evidence that low control is associated with MS and subjective noise exposure with risk of burnout. Effort-reward imbalance is not related to either outcome. This occupational health risk assessment identifies changeable working factors in different types of facilities.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Barnskötare

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0140980

Referens

Koch, P., Stranzinger, J., Nienhaus, A., Kozak, A. (2015). Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Risk of Burnout in Child Care Workers - A Cross-Sectional Study. PloS one, 10 (10), e0140980.

Multigenerational perceptions of the academic work environment in higher education in the United States

Kleinhans, K. A., Chakradhar, K., Muller, S., Waddill, P.

Sammanfattning

The current workforce composition of the academy is comprised of multiple generational cohorts, Traditionalists, Leading Edge Boomers, Trailing Edge Boomers, Generation Xers and Millennials. Despite the plethora of research identifying a myriad of differences in the way these generational cohorts approach work and social activities little attention has been paid to their perceptions of the psychosocial aspects of the academic work environment. The present study used the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II to assess job perceptions of 434 academic personnel across four generational cohorts. A direct discriminant function analysis revealed Trailing Edge Boomers perceived a greater effort-reward imbalance than Traditionalists/Leading Edge Boomers and Generation Xers, and Millennials perceive less imbalance than all other generations. There were also generational group differences in perceived stress and health. These results draw attention to the value of knowing the generational composition of a higher education institution in order to take into account the unique needs of each generational cohort when planning ways to improve recruitment, retention, and productivity of administrators, faculty and staff.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Akademisk personal

DOI

10.1007/s10734-014-9825-y

Referens

Kleinhans, K. A., Chakradhar, K., Muller, S., Waddill, P. (2015). Multigenerational perceptions of the academic work environment in higher education in the United States. High Educ, 70 (1), S. 89–103.

Does rare use of assistive devices during patient handling increase the risk of low back pain? A prospective cohort study among female healthcare workers

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Jorgensen, M. B., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Burdorf, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate whether rare use of assistive devices during patient handling increases the respective risk for infrequent and frequent low back pain (LBP) among female healthcare workers reporting to be free of LBP at baseline. Method: Female healthcare workers replied to questionnaires about use of assistive devices during patient handling activities (rarely, occasionally and often) and LBP in both 2005 and 2006. Among those reporting to be free of LBP (0 days the past 12 months) in 2005 (n = 1,478), the multi-adjusted odds ratio for developing infrequent LBP (1–30 days the past 12 months) and frequent LBP (>30 days the past 12 months) in 2006 depending on use of assistive devices was prospectively investigated. Results: The multi-adjusted odds ratio for developing infrequent LBP was 1.21 (95 % CI 0.90–1.62) for those occasionally using assistive devices, and 1.78 (95 % CI 1.19–2.66) for those rarely using assistive devices, referencing healthcare workers often using assistive devices during patient handling (p < 0.01 for trend). No associations between use of assistive devices during patient handling and risk of frequent LBP were found. Conclusion: The study indicates that rare use of assistive devices can increase the risk for developing infrequent LBP in female healthcare workers reporting to be free from LBP at baseline.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0963-4

Referens

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Jorgensen, M. B., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Burdorf, A. et al. (2015). Does rare use of assistive devices during patient handling increase the risk of low back pain? A prospective cohort study among female healthcare workers. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 88 (3), S. 335–342.

Workplace violence against homecare workers and its relationship with workers health outcomes: a cross-sectional study

Hanson, G. C., Perrin, N. A., Moss, H., Laharnar, N., Glass, N.

Sammanfattning

Background: Consumer-driven homecare models support aging and disabled individuals to live independently through the services of homecare workers. Although these models have benefits, including autonomy and control over services, little evidence exists about challenges homecare workers may face when providing services, including workplace violence and the negative outcomes associated with workplace violence. This study investigates the prevalence of workplace violence among homecare workers and examines the relationship between these experiences and homecare worker stress, burnout, depression, and sleep. Methods: We recruited female homecare workers in Oregon, the first US state to implement a consumer driven homecare model, to complete an on-line or telephone survey with peer interviewers. The survey asked about demographics and included measures to assess workplace violence, fear, stress, burnout, depression and sleep problems. Results: Homecare workers (n = 1,214) reported past-year incidents of verbal aggression (50.3% of respondents), workplace aggression (26.9%), workplace violence (23.6%), sexual harassment (25.7%), and sexual aggression (12.8%). Exposure was associated with greater stress (p < .001), depression (p < .001), sleep problems (p < .001), and burnout (p < .001). Confidence in addressing workplace aggression buffered homecare workers against negative work and health outcomes. Conclusions: To ensure homecare worker safety and positive health outcomes in the provision of services, it is critical to develop and implement preventive safety training programs with policies and procedures that support homecare workers who experience harassment and violence.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Hemtjänstpersonal

DOI

10.1186/s12889-014-1340-7

Referens

Hanson, G. C., Perrin, N. A., Moss, H., Laharnar, N., Glass, N. (2015). Workplace violence against homecare workers and its relationship with workers health outcomes: a cross-sectional study. BMC public health, 15, S. 11.

How psychosocial factors affect well-being of practice assistants at work in general medical care?--a questionnaire survey

Goetz, K., Berger, S., Gavartina, A., Zaroti, S., Szecsenyi, J.

Sammanfattning

Background: Well-being at work is an important aspect of a workforce strategy. The aim of the study was to explore and evaluate psychosocial factors and health and work-related outcomes of practices assistants depending on their employment status in general medical practices. Methods: This observational study was based on a questionnaire survey to evaluate psychosocial aspects at work in general medical practices. A standardized questionnaire was used, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Beside descriptive analyses linear regression analyses were performed for each health and work-related outcome scale of the COPSOQ. Results: 586 practice assistants out of 794 respondents (73.8 %) from 234 general medical practices completed the questionnaire. Practice assistants reported the highest scores for the psychosocial factor ‘sense of community’ (mean = 85.9) and the lower score for ‘influence at work’ (mean = 41.2). Moreover, practice assistants who worked part-time rated their psychosocial factors at work and health-related outcomes more positively than full-time employees. Furthermore, the two scales of health related outcomes ‘burnout’ and ‘job satisfaction’ showed strong associations between different psychosocial factors and socio-demographic variables. Conclusions: Psychosocial factors at work influence well-being at work and could be strong risk factors for poor health and work-related outcomes. Effective management of these issues could have an impact on the retention and recruitment of health care staff.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Juristassistent

DOI

10.1186/s12875-015-0366-y

Referens

Goetz, K., Berger, S., Gavartina, A., Zaroti, S., Szecsenyi, J. (2015). How psychosocial factors affect well-being of practice assistants at work in general medical care?--a questionnaire survey. BMC family practice, 16, S. 166.

Work-related psychosocial risk factors and mental health problems amongst nurses at a university hospital in Estonia: a cross-sectional study

Freimann, T., Merisalu, E.

Sammanfattning

Aim: Rapid changes in the Estonian health care system have placed extra pressure on the nursing profession, but the potential impacts of psychosocial changes have not been investigated. We aimed to explore the work-related psychosocial risk factors and their relationships with mental health problems (MHPs) amongst nurses at the university hospital in Estonia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken amongst registered nurses at Tartu University Hospital (TUH). Psychosocial work factors and MHPs (stress, somatic symptoms, depressive symptoms and burnout) were measured using version two of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Descriptive statistics and Pearson's r correlation with sequential Bonferroni correction were used to analyse the data. Results: The analysis was based on 404 nurses (45% of the full-time working population of nurses). The highest mean scores recorded for the positive work-related psychosocial factors studied were meaning of work, role clarity, social relationships and mutual trust between employees. The highest scores for the negative factors studied were the demands for hiding emotions, work pace, cognitive and emotional demands. Stress and burnout showed the highest mean scores amongst the MHPs. Quantitative and emotional demands were positively related to all of the studied MHPs, while work pace and role conflicts had a positive correlation with stress and burnout. All of the studied negative psychosocial factors were significantly correlated with burnout. Conclusions: Work-related psychosocial risk factors such as quantitative demands work load, emotional demands, work pace and role conflicts, had significant positive relationships with MHPS in nurses in Estonia, and may contribute to high levels of stress as well as burnout amongst nurses.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Estland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1177/1403494815579477

Referens

Freimann, T., Merisalu, E. (2015). Work-related psychosocial risk factors and mental health problems amongst nurses at a university hospital in Estonia: a cross-sectional study. Scandinavian journal of public health, 43 (5), S. 447–452.

Quality of Leadership and Workplace Bullying. The Mediating Role of Social Community at Work in a Two-Year Follow-Up Study

Francioli, L., Conway, P. M., Hansen, Å. M., Holten, A.-L., Grynderup, M. B., Persson, R. et al.

Sammanfattning

The theoretical and empirical link between leadership and workplace bullying needs further elaboration. The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between quality of leadership and the occurrence of workplace bullying 2 years later. Furthermore, we aim to examine a possible mechanism from leadership to bullying using social community at work as mediator. Using survey data that were collected at two different points in time (2006–2008) among 1664 workers from 60 Danish workplaces, we examined the total, direct and indirect effects between quality of leadership and workplace bullying. Our results indicate that quality of leadership plays a role in establishing working conditions that lead to workplace bullying. Furthermore, social community at work fully mediates the effect of poor quality of leadership on workplace bullying. This longitudinal study adds to previous cross-sectional studies on the substantial role played by leaders in the bullying process. Within the leadership–bullying relationship, social community at work acts as a full mediator, adding a significant contribution to the discussion of mechanisms involved in the bullying process. Plausible explanations of this mechanism and practical implications are discussed.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10551-015-2996-3

Referens

Francioli, L., Conway, P. M., Hansen, Å. M., Holten, A.-L., Grynderup, M. B., Persson, R. et al. (2015). Quality of Leadership and Workplace Bullying. The Mediating Role of Social Community at Work in a Two-Year Follow-Up Study. J Bus Ethics, 21 (4), S. 438.

Work-family conflict as a mediator in the association between work stress and depressive symptoms: cross-sectional evidence from the German lidA-cohort study

Du Prel, J.-B., Peter, R.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The demographic change leads to a shrinking German work force. Depressive symptoms cause many days absent at work, loss of productivity and early retirement. Therefore, pathways for prevention of depressive symptoms are important for the maintenance of global competitiveness. We investigated the role of work-family conflict (WFC) in the well-known association between work stress and depressive symptoms. Methods: A total of 6,339 employees subject to social insurance, born in 1959 or 1965 and randomly drawn from 222 sample points in Germany participated in the first wave of the leben in der Arbeit-study. In the analysis, 5,906 study subjects working in full-time or part-time positions were included. Work stress was measured by effort–reward imbalance ratio, depressive symptoms by the applied Becks depression inventory (BDI-V) and WFC by items of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ)-scale. Multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for age, education, negative affectivity (PANAS), overcommitment and number of children was performed. Mediation was defined according to the criteria of Baron and Kenny. Results: Work stress was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (BDI-V) in all full-time [ß 1female = 6.61 (95 % CI 3.95–9.27); ß 1male = 8.02 (95 % CI 5.94–10.09)] and female part-time employees [ß 2female = 4.87 (95 % CI 2.16–7.59)]. When controlling for WFC effect, estimates became smaller in men and were even halved in women. WFC was also significantly associated with work stress and depressive symptoms: All criteria for partial mediation between work stress and depressiveness were fulfilled. Conclusions: Prevention of WFC may help to reduce days absent at work and early retirement due to work stress-related depressive symptoms in middle-aged women and men.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0967-0

Referens

Du Prel, J.-B., Peter, R. (2015). Work-family conflict as a mediator in the association between work stress and depressive symptoms: cross-sectional evidence from the German lidA-cohort study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 88 (3), S. 359–368.

Working conditions under multiple exposures: A cross-sectional study of private sector administrative workers

Coelho, D. A., Tavares, C. S. D., Lourenco, M. L., Lima, T. M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Office workers are increasingly exposed to physical and psychosocial risk factors. Objective: To assess the association between environmental, physical and organizational working conditions and the physical and psychosocial well-being of a sample of private sector office workers. Methods: Musculoskeletal pain was collected from a body map and the Disabilities of the Arms, Shoulders and Hands questionnaire. The short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire enabled collecting information on six job related satisfaction and dissatisfaction subscales. A checklist for ergonomics in computer work guided the analysis of ergonomic factors and measurements were taken to characterize environmental conditions. Association between exposures and outcomes was calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. Results: Significant moderate positive association was found between dissatisfaction with job psychological demands and musculoskeletal pain in the upper body (0.40; p= 0.05), as well as between postural ergonomic mismatches and dissatisfaction with job insecurity towards the future (0.42; p= 0.04). A significant moderate negative association (-0,47; p= 0.02) was found as well between satisfaction with job social support and with leadership quality and location of the work station in an open-plan office as opposed to smaller office rooms. Conclusions: The results show how raising awareness of the risk factors encountered in contemporary office work is still necessary to promote widespread improvement of working conditions, from both a physical and a psychosocial perspective.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Portugal

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.3233/WOR-152025

Referens

Coelho, D. A., Tavares, C. S. D., Lourenco, M. L., Lima, T. M. (2015). Working conditions under multiple exposures: A cross-sectional study of private sector administrative workers. Work (Reading, Mass.), 51 (4), S. 781–789.

Recommendations for individual participant data meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes: comments on IPD-Work Consortium papers

Choi, B. K., Schnall, P., Landsbergis, P., Dobson, M., Ko, S., Gomez-Ortiz, V. et al.

Sammanfattning

The IPD-Work (individual-participant data meta-analysis of working populations) Consortium has published several papers on job strain (the combination of low job control and high job demands) based on Karasek’s demand–control model (1) and health-related outcomes including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, obesity, diabetes as well as health-related behaviors, utilizing meta-analyses of a pooled database of study participants from 17 European cohorts. An IPD approach has some advantages over typical meta-analyses, eg, having access to all the data for each individual allows for additional analyses, compared to typical meta-analyses. However, such an approach, like other meta-analyses, is not free from errors and biases (2–6) when it is not conducted appropriately. In our review of the IPD-Work Consortium’s (hereafter called the Consortium) publications of the last two years, we have identified and pointed out several conceptual and methodological errors, as well as unsubstantiated conclusions and inappropriate recommendations for worksite public health policies (6–15). However, the Consortium has not yet appropriately addressed many of the issues we have raised. Also several major errors and biases underlying the Consortium IPD meta-analysis publications have not been presented in a comprehensive way, nor have they been discussed widely among work stress researchers. We are concerned that the same errors and biases could be repeated in future IPD Consortium meta-analysis publications as well as by other researchers who are interested in meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes. It is possible that the inappropriate interpretations in the Consortium publications, which remained uncorrected to date, may have a negative impact on the international efforts of the work stress research community to improve the health of working populations. Recently, Dr. Töres Theorell, a principal investigator of the Consortium, responded in this journal (16) to some of our criticisms on the Consortium papers (17, 18). The purpose of this article is to discuss the methodological and substantive issues that remain to be resolved and how they could be addressed in future analyses. We provide recommendations for future IPD or typical meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes. Finally, we discuss the inappropriate conclusions and recommendations in the Consortium publications and provide alternative recommendations, including a comprehensive perspective on worksite intervention studies.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3484

Referens

Choi, B. K., Schnall, P., Landsbergis, P., Dobson, M., Ko, S., Gomez-Ortiz, V. et al. (2015). Recommendations for individual participant data meta-analyses on work stressors and health outcomes: comments on IPD-Work Consortium papers. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 41 (3), S. 299–311.

The impact of poor psychosocial work environment on non-work-related sickness absence

Catalina-Romero, C., Sainz, J. C., Pastrana-Jimenez, J. I., Garcia-Dieguez, N., Irizar-Munoz, I., Aleixandre-Chiva, J. L. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: We aimed to analyse the impact of psychosocial work environment on non-work-related sickness absence (NWRSA) among a prospective cohort study, stratified using a random sampling technique. Methods: Psychosocial variables were assessed among 15,643 healthy workers using a brief version of the Spanish adaptation of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. A one year follow-up assessed the total count of NWRSA days. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used for multivariate analyses. Results: After adjusting for covariates, low levels of job control and possibilities for development (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.01-1.36 [men]; OR: 1.39 95% CI: 1.09-1.77 [women]), poor social support and quality of leadership (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11-1.50 [men]; OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.63 [women]), and poor rewards (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.14-1.57 [men]; OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.01-1.66 [women]) predicted a total count of sickness absence greater than zero, in both men and women. Double presence was also significantly associated with NWRSA different than 0, but only among women (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.08-1.81). Analyses found no association between psychosocial risk factors at work and the total count (i.e., number of days) of sickness absences. Conclusion: The results suggest that work-related psychosocial factors may increase the likelihood of initiating an NWRSA episode, but were not associated with the length of the sickness absence episode. Among our large cohort we observed that some associations were gender-dependent, suggesting that future research should consider gender when designing psychosocial interventions aimed at decreasing sickness absences.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.009

Referens

Catalina-Romero, C., Sainz, J. C., Pastrana-Jimenez, J. I., Garcia-Dieguez, N., Irizar-Munoz, I., Aleixandre-Chiva, J. L. et al. (2015). The impact of poor psychosocial work environment on non-work-related sickness absence. Social science & medicine (, 1982) 138, S. 210–216.

Employment status, working conditions and depressive symptoms among German employees born in 1959 and 1965

Burr, H., Rauch, A., Rose, U., Tisch, A., Tophoven, S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: We investigated whether (1) current employment status (regular full-time, regular part-time and marginal employment) is associated with depressive symptoms and (2) whether these associations are mediated by current working conditions and previous employment history. Methods: Two cohorts of German employees aged 46 and 52 years were selected from administrative data of the German Federal Employment Agency and answered questions about depressive symptoms (we use an applied version of BDI-V) and their current working conditions. In addition, the participants gave written consent to link register data regarding their employment histories (n = 4,207). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: Men experienced elevated depressive symptoms when working regular part-time; women experienced such symptoms when engaged in marginal employment. These associations decreased when we adjusted for job insecurity and rose slightly when we adjusted for leadership quality. Men and women who reported a low level of influence at work showed a higher risk of depressive symptoms. For women, the association between current employment position and depressive symptoms could be partly explained by low levels of influence at work. For men, the association between depressive symptoms and current regular part-time employment decreased when we adjusted for previous part-time employment. Conversely, for women, the association with depressive symptoms increased in current regular part-time and marginal employment when we adjusted for employment history. Conclusions: In both genders, the observed associations between depressive symptoms and current employment status were mediated by both current psychosocial conditions and employment history. Employees not having a regular full-time job differed from full-time employees with respect to both their current working conditions and their employment history.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0999-5

Referens

Burr, H., Rauch, A., Rose, U., Tisch, A., Tophoven, S. (2015). Employment status, working conditions and depressive symptoms among German employees born in 1959 and 1965. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 88 (6), S. 731–741.

A prospective study on self-assessed mental well-being and work capacity as determinants of all-cause sickness absence

Bertilsson, M., Vaez, M., Waern, M., Ahlborg, G. Jr., Hensing, G.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to estimate whether self-assessed mental well-being and work capacity determines future sickness absence (SA). Methods: A questionnaire was sent to employed individuals (n = 6,140), aged 19–64 years, who were registered as sick-listed with a new sick-leave spell in 2008. The response rate was 54 %. In this study we included individuals with a single sick-leave spell in 2008 (n = 2,502). The WHO (Ten) Well-Being Index and four dimensions of self-assessed work capacity (knowledge, mental, collaborative, physical) were used as determinants. Future sickness absence was identified through national register in 2009. Outcome was defined as no sickness benefit compensated days (no SBCD) and at least one sickness benefit compensated day (SBCD). Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the likelihood of SBCD. Results: In 2009, 28 % of the women and 22 % of the men had SBCD; the median was 59 and 66 benefit days, respectively. Individuals with low mental well-being had higher odds for SBCD with OR 1.29 (95 % CI 1.01–1.65) in the fully adjusted model. Participants reporting low work capacity in relation to knowledge (OR 1.55, 95 % CI 1.13–2.13), collaborative (OR 1.36, 95 % CI 1.03–1.79) and physical (OR 1.50, 95 % CI 1.22–1.86) demands at work had higher odds for SBCD after adjustments for all covariates; no relation was demonstrated with mental work capacity (OR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.76–1.27). Conclusion: Mental well-being and work capacity emerged as determinants of future SA. Screening in health care could facilitate early identification of persons in need of interventions to prevent future SA.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10926-014-9518-5

Referens

Bertilsson, M., Vaez, M., Waern, M., Ahlborg, G. Jr., Hensing, G. (2015). A prospective study on self-assessed mental well-being and work capacity as determinants of all-cause sickness absence. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 25 (1), S. 52–64.

Psychosocial Work Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Swedish Flight Baggage Handlers

Bergsten, E. L., Mathiassen, S. E., Vingard, E.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Flight baggage handlers sort and load luggage to airplanes. This study aimed at investigating associations between psychosocial exposures and low back and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among Swedish flight baggage handlers. Methods: A questionnaire addressing MSDs (Standardized Nordic Questionnaire) and psychosocial factors (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, COPSOQ) was answered by 525 baggage handlers in six Swedish airports. Results: Low back (LBP) and shoulder pain (SP) were reported by 70% and 60%, respectively. Pain was reported to interfere with work (PIW) by 30% (low back) and 18% (shoulders), and intense pain (PINT) occurred in 34% and 28% of the population. Quality of leadership was the most dissatisfying psychosocial factor, while the most positive was social community at work. Low ratings in the combined domain Work organization and job content were significantly associated with PIW in both low back and shoulders (Adjusted Hazard Ratios 3.65 (95% CI 1.67-7.99) and 2.68 (1.09-6.61)) while lower ratings in the domain Interpersonal relations and leadership were associated with PIW LBP (HR 2.18 (1.06-4.49)) and PINT LBP and SP (HRs 1.95 (1.05-3.65) and 2.11 (1.08-4.12)). Conclusion: Severity of pain among flight baggage handlers was associated with psychosocial factors at work, suggesting that they may be a relevant target for intervention in this occupation.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Bagagehanterare

DOI

10.1155/2015/798042

Referens

Bergsten, E. L., Mathiassen, S. E., Vingard, E. (2015). Psychosocial Work Factors and Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Swedish Flight Baggage Handlers. BioMed research international, 2015, S. 1–11.

Assessment of the psychosocial work environment of professional drivers

Aminian, O., Eftekhari, S., Ghaffari, M., Moinfar, Z., Mirzaaghaee, F., Sadeghniiat, K.

Sammanfattning

Aim: Along with globalization in recent periods, psychosocial risks at the workplace have been classified as considerable developing risks for human mental and physical health. These risks exist both in developed and developing countries. The current study aims to assess the psychosocial work environment of professional drivers in a multidimensional concept. Subject and methods: The study population consisted of 645 Iranian professional drivers. Psychosocial factors were examined in five domains including job demand, job content, interpersonal relationship, work–individual interface and general and mental health through the validated Persian medium-size version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Results: Among 26 psychosocial scales, sensory demands (91.3) and cognitive demands (70.3) got the highest average scores in professional drivers. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between psychosocial work environment indexes and self reported health and well being of drivers. This study showed that poor psychosocial work environment in job demand, job content, work–individual interface as well as having a car accident history was associated with unfavorable health outcomes for the participants, after adjustment for age, marital status, education level, vehicle type and smoking. Conclusion: It is worth focusing on drivers’ working schedule and their psychosocial work environment.

År

2015

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Chaufförer

DOI

10.1007/s10389-015-0684-5

Referens

Aminian, O., Eftekhari, S., Ghaffari, M., Moinfar, Z., Mirzaaghaee, F., Sadeghniiat, K. (2015). Assessment of the psychosocial work environment of professional drivers. J Public Health, 23 (6), S. 341–347.

The changing patterns of psychosocial exposures at work in the south of Europe: Spain as a labor market laboratory

Utzet, M., Moncada, S., Molinero, E., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To examine the pattern of psychosocial risk exposures at work among wage-earners in Spain in 2005 and 2010, and to analyze changes in exposure inequalities by gender and job category. Methods: Psychosocial exposures were compared using the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 method, based on two surveys representative of the Spanish wage-earning population (2005 and 2010). Statistical analysis was conducted using correspondence analysis. Results: There was an increase in exposure to high Double Presence, low Social Support, high Work Pace, and high Insecurity about finding a job; and reduction in exposure to high Insecurity about losing a job, and to high Insecurity over worsening of employment conditions. A gender- and occupation-related gradient was maintained. Conclusion: Although this study analyzes wage-earner “survivors” after the outbreak of the current economic crisis, it shows a worsening of harmful exposures to some psychosocial risks. In a context of job destruction, concerns about worsening working conditions appear to be subordinate to insecurity about job loss.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22334

Referens

Utzet, M., Moncada, S., Molinero, E., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Navarro, A. (2014). The changing patterns of psychosocial exposures at work in the south of Europe: Spain as a labor market laboratory. American journal of industrial medicine, 57 (9), S. 1032–1042.

Interactions between lean management and the psychosocial work environment in a hospital setting - a multi-method study

Ulhassan, W., Thiele Schwarz, U. V., Thor, J., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Background: As health care struggles to meet increasing demands with limited resources, Lean has become a popular management approach. It has mainly been studied in relation to health care performance. The empirical evidence as to how Lean affects the psychosocial work environment has been contradictory. This study aims to study the interaction between Lean and the psychosocial work environment using a comprehensive model that takes Lean implementation information, as well as Lean theory and the particular context into consideration. Methods: The psychosocial work environment was measured twice with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) employee survey during Lean implementations on May-June 2010 (T1) (n = 129) and November-December 2011 (T2) (n = 131) at three units (an Emergency Department (ED), Ward-I and Ward-II). Information based on qualitative data analysis of the Lean implementations and context from a previous paper was used to predict expected change patterns in the psychosocial work environment from T1 to T2 and subsequently compared with COPSOQ-data through linear regression analysis. Results: Between T1 and T2, qualitative information showed a well-organized and steady Lean implementation on Ward-I with active employee participation, a partial Lean implementation on Ward-II with employees not seeing a clear need for such an intervention, and deterioration in already implemented Lean activities at ED, due to the declining interest of top management. Quantitative data analysis showed a significant relation between the expected and actual results regarding changes in the psychosocial work environment. Ward-I showed major improvements especially related to job control and social support, ED showed a major decline with some exceptions while Ward-II also showed improvements similar to Ward-I. Conclusions: The results suggest that Lean may have a positive impact on the psychosocial work environment given that it is properly implemented. Also, the psychosocial work environment may even deteriorate if Lean work deteriorates after implementation. Employee managers and researchers should note the importance of employee involvement in the change process. Employee involvement may minimize the intervention's harmful effects on psychosocial work factors. We also found that a multi-method may be suitable for investigating relations between Lean and the psychosocial work environment.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor, Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1472-6963-14-480

Referens

Ulhassan, W., Thiele Schwarz, U. V., Thor, J., Westerlund, H. (2014). Interactions between lean management and the psychosocial work environment in a hospital setting - a multi-method study. BMC health services research, 14, S. 480.

Psychosocial work factors and long sickness absence in Europe

Slany, C., Schutte, S., Chastang, J.-F., Parent-Thirion, A., Vermeylen, G., Niedhammer, I.

Sammanfattning

Background: Studies exploring a wide range of psychosocial work factors separately and together in association with long sickness absence are still lacking. Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the associations between psychosocial work factors measured following a comprehensive instrument (Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire, COPSOQ) and long sickness absence (>7 days/year) in European employees of 34 countries. An additional objective was to study the differences in these associations according to gender and countries. Methods: The study population consisted of 16 120 male and 16 588 female employees from the 2010 European working conditions survey. Twenty-five psychosocial work factors were explored. Statistical analysis was performed using multilevel logistic regression models and interaction testing. Results: When studied together in the same model, factors related to job demands (quantitative demands and demands for hiding emotions), possibilities for development, social relationships (role conflicts, quality of leadership, social support, and sense of community), workplace violence (physical violence, bullying, and discrimination), shift work, and job promotion were associated with long sickness absence. Almost no difference was observed according to gender and country. Conclusions: Comprehensive prevention policies oriented to psychosocial work factors may be useful to prevent long sickness absence at European level.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1179/2049396713Y.0000000048

Referens

Slany, C., Schutte, S., Chastang, J.-F., Parent-Thirion, A., Vermeylen, G., Niedhammer, I. (2014). Psychosocial work factors and long sickness absence in Europe. International journal of occupational and environmental health, 20 (1), S. 16–25.

A conceptual model for worksite intelligent physical exercise training--IPET--intervention for decreasing life style health risk indicators among employees: a randomized controlled trial

Sjøgaard, G., Justesen, J. B., Murray, M., Dalager, T., Søgaard, K.

Sammanfattning

Background: Health promotion at the work site in terms of physical activity has proven positive effects but optimization of relevant exercise training protocols and implementation for high adherence are still scanty. Methods/Design: The aim of this paper is to present a study protocol with a conceptual model for planning the optimal individually tailored physical exercise training for each worker based on individual health check, existing guidelines and state of the art sports science training recommendations in the broad categories of cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength in specific body parts, and functional training including balance training. The hypotheses of this research are that individually tailored worksite-based intelligent physical exercise training, IPET, among workers with inactive job categories will: 1) Improve cardiorespiratory fitness and/or individual health risk indicators, 2) Improve muscle strength and decrease musculoskeletal disorders, 3) Succeed in regular adherence to worksite and leisure physical activity training, and 3) Reduce sickness absence and productivity losses (presenteeism) in office workers. The present RCT study enrolled almost 400 employees with sedentary jobs in the private as well as public sectors. The training interventions last 2 years with measures at baseline as well as one and two years follow-up. Discussion: If proven effective, the intelligent physical exercise training scheduled as well as the information for its practical implementation can provide meaningful scientifically based information for public health policy.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-14-652

Referens

Sjøgaard, G., Justesen, J. B., Murray, M., Dalager, T., Søgaard, K. (2014). A conceptual model for worksite intelligent physical exercise training--IPET--intervention for decreasing life style health risk indicators among employees: a randomized controlled trial. BMC public health, 14, S. 652.

Psychosocial working conditions and psychological well-being among employees in 34 European countries

Schütte, S., Chastang, J.-F., Malard, L., Parent-Thirion, A., Vermeylen, G., Niedhammer, I.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the associations between psychosocial working conditions and psychological well-being among employees in 34 European countries. Another objective was to examine whether these associations varied according to occupation and country. Methods: The study was based on data from the European Working Conditions Survey 2010 including 33,443 employees, 16,512 men and 16,931 women, from 34 European countries. Well-being was measured by the WHO-5 well-being index. Twenty-five psychosocial work factors were constructed including job demands, role stressors, work hours, job influence and freedom, job promotion, job insecurity, social support, quality of leadership, discrimination and violence at work, and work-life imbalance. The associations between these factors and well-being were examined using multilevel logistic regression analyses. Different models were performed including interaction tests. Results: When all 25 psychosocial work factors were studied simultaneously in the same model with adjustment variables, 13 showed a significant association with poor well-being among both genders: quantitative demands, demands for hiding emotions, low possibilities for development, low meaning of work, low role conflict, low quality of leadership, low social support, low sense of community, job insecurity, low job promotion, work-life imbalance, discrimination, and bullying. The association with low sense of community on poor well-being was particularly strong. Conclusions: A large number of psychosocial work factors were associated with poor well-being. Almost no country and occupational differences were found in these associations. This study gave a first European overview and could be useful to inform cross-national policy debate.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0930-0

Referens

Schütte, S., Chastang, J.-F., Malard, L., Parent-Thirion, A., Vermeylen, G., Niedhammer, I. (2014). Psychosocial working conditions and psychological well-being among employees in 34 European countries. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87 (8), S. 897–907.

Influence of lifestyle factors on long-term sickness absence among female healthcare workers: a prospective cohort study

Quist, H. G., Thomsen, B. L., Christensen, U., Clausen, T., Holtermann, A., Bjorner, J. B., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Background: While previous research has indicated that unhealthy lifestyle is associated with sickness absence, this association may be confounded by occupational class. To avoid this potential confounding, we examined the association between lifestyle factors (smoking, leisure-time physical activity and body mass index) and the occurrence of long-term sickness absence (LTSA; more than three consecutive weeks of registered sickness absence) within a cohort of female health care workers. Methods: A total of 7401 employees filled out a questionnaire about their health behaviour and work environment. Subsequently, they were followed for 12 months in a national register on social transfer payments (DREAM register). Cox’s regression analyses, applied to grouped survival data, were used to estimate the prospective association between these lifestyle factors and LTSA. Results: We found significant associations between all three lifestyle factors and risk of LTSA. The strongest lifestyle factor was current smoking, which increased the risk of LTSA by 35% (95% CI: 1.17-1.54) compared to non- smokers. For body mass index, the risk of LTSA increased with the distance away from 18.5 kg/m2 in either direction (below 18.5 kg/m2: HR: 1.32 per kg/m2; 95% CI. 1.06-1.66; above 18.5 kg/m2: HR: 1.04 per kg/m2; 95% CI: 1.03-1.05). In other words, the more underweight or overweight the women were, the higher the risk of LTSA. A dose–response relationship was found between LTSA and leisure-time physical activity (trend test p-value = 0.01), so that increasing physical activity results in decreasing risk of LTSA. Conclusion: In female healthcare workers, an unhealthy lifestyle (too high/ too low body mass index, smoking, and low physical activity) is associated with higher risk of LTSA.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-14-1084

Referens

Quist, H. G., Thomsen, B. L., Christensen, U., Clausen, T., Holtermann, A., Bjorner, J. B., Andersen, L. L. (2014). Influence of lifestyle factors on long-term sickness absence among female healthcare workers: a prospective cohort study. BMC public health, 14, S. 1084.

COPSOQ International Network. Co-operation for research and assessment of psychosocial factors at work

Nübling, M., Burr, H., Moncada, S., Kristensen, T. S.

Sammanfattning

COPSOQ is a comprehensive questionnaire on psychosocial factors at work which is internationally widely used since approx. 10 years for risk assessments in organisations. The International COPSOQ-Network was established in 2009 by scientific and empirical users of the COPSOQ. Main aim is the international scientific exchange concerning the use of COPSOQ. A second goal lies in the coordination of research and further development of the questionnaire (content and measurement qualities), to facilitate international comparison studies.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1016/j.phf.2013.12.019

Referens

Nübling, M., Burr, H., Moncada, S., Kristensen, T. S. (2014). COPSOQ International Network. Co-operation for research and assessment of psychosocial factors at work. Public Health Forum, 22 (1).

Psychosocial strain at work, work-related state of health and the health behaviour of occupational physicians

Nübling, M., Lincke, H.-J., Wahl-Wachendorf, A., Jurkschat, R., Panter, W.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Dealing with complex situations such as bullying, demographic change and maintaining mental health has brought about a change in the requirements for occupational health physicians. The Professional Association of German Occupational Physicians (VDBW) is concerned about the workplace situation of its members and occupational physicians in general. The VDBW has raised the demand for a health-oriented professional life for its members and is willing to provide support if necessary. Methods: In 2012, the VDBW, in cooperation with the Freiburg Research Centre for Occupational and Social Medicine (FFAS), carried out an empirical study on the situation of approximately 2,300 of its members who are accessible online. As a grant project, F2315, the study was promoted by the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA). The basis for the online survey was the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) in the German standard version. Results: 777 occupational health physicians participated in the survey, representing approximately 34% of the VDBW members who were contacted. Favourable working conditions were found in the study in relation to two reference groups from the COPSOQ reference database of FFAS (doctors in hospitals and the average of all professions in Germany). This applies, for example, to the degree of freedom to take vacations and breaks, the potential for professional development and job security. Unfavourable factors included the common notion of working as a "lone warrior”, poor social recognition of the profession and impracticable rules required by law. The health behaviour of the respondents as a whole is above average. Using statistical models (linear regressions), the study is able to show that positive factors can compensate negative work-related influences on health. About half of the respondents wish that the VDBW supports its members in their personal health behaviour and also organises measures for "stress reduction" in particular. Conclusions: The results of the study can be linked to the results of former studies. They show important points of action for the professional association of occupational physicians. In summary, by promoting their own health, the occupational physicians surveyed can be credible messengers of the idea of prevention for the other employees. At the same time, the study can help the VDBW to support its members in developing their professional skills.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Företagsläkare

DOI

10.17147/ASUI.2014-07-04-02

Referens

Nübling, M., Lincke, H.-J., Wahl-Wachendorf, A., Jurkschat, R., Panter, W. (2014). Psychosocial strain at work, work-related state of health and the health behaviour of occupational physicians. ASUI, 2014 (07), S. 512–521.

The copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) in Spain--a tool for psychosocial risk assessment at the workplace

Moncada, S., Utzet, M., Molinero, E., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Galtes, A., Navarro, A.

Sammanfattning

To describe the second version of the Spanish Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and to present evidence of its validity and reliability. The original Danish long COPSOQ II questionnaire was adapted to the labor market, cultural, and linguistic setting of Spain and included in the 2010 Spanish Psychosocial Risks Survey. Analysis involved the assessment of psychometric characteristics and associations among psychosocial scales and health scales. Medium and short versions were derived from the long one. The long questionnaire was configured with 24 dimensions (92 items); medium-length questionnaire with 20 dimensions (69 items); and short questionnaire with 14 dimensions (28 items). All scales showed acceptable reliability and concordance between versions. Most associations among psychosocial scales and Mental Health, Stress, and Burnout scales were in the expected direction, except the scale of Influence, that showed some incongruent associations. Results support the validity and reliability of Spanish COPSOQ II questionnaires as tools for psychosocial risk assessment at the workplace, however, better scales should be developed specially for the dimension of Influence.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22238

Referens

Moncada, S., Utzet, M., Molinero, E., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Galtes, A., Navarro, A. (2014). The copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) in Spain--a tool for psychosocial risk assessment at the workplace. American journal of industrial medicine, 57 (1), S. 97–107.

Exploring job satisfaction, role issues, and supervisor support of associate degree nursing program directors

Mintz-Binder, R. D.

Sammanfattning

This article reports findings from a National League for Nursing-funded research study that examined factors in the psychosocial work environment of academic program directors. Vacant nursing academic leadership positions continue to rise and remain unfilled for extensive time periods. No recent study has looked at this issue from a national perspective. An exploratory, descriptive, correlational design with a convenience sample of academic administrators was obtained from NLNAC-accredited programs. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II was the primary instrument used in the study. Academic administrators (N = 242; response rate: 41.2 percent) validated concerns of increasing position turnover; 59 percent indicated that they were in their current positions for less than five years. Statistically significant correlations were found between job satisfaction, work/family life, role concerns, social support, and recognition. Proactive interventions are needed to ensure manageable workloads for those in these essential positions.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Akademisk programansvarig

DOI

10.5480/11-508.1

Referens

Mintz-Binder, R. D. (2014). Exploring job satisfaction, role issues, and supervisor support of associate degree nursing program directors. Nursing education perspectives, 35 (1), S. 43–48.

Job control and ambulatory blood pressure

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Perry, I. J., Greiner, B. A.

Sammanfattning

Objective The effect of work on blood pressure (BP) in a general population with appropriate adjustment for confounders is not well defined. High job control has been found to be associated with lower BP and with nocturnal BP dipping. However, with older workers this may be compromised and has not been studied extensively. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on a primary care-based sample (N=2047) aged 50–69 years. Data were collected on sociodemographic factors, medication, clinic, and ambulatory blood pressure. Job control was measured using two scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) (possibility for development and influence at work). Nocturnal systolic BP (SBP) dipping was the reduction in SBP from day- to night-time using ambulatory SBP readings. Results In general, BP increased with age, male gender, and higher body mass index. Workers with high influence at work and high possibility for development were more likely to have high asleep SBP [odds ratio (OR) 2.13, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05–4.34, P=0.04], (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.11–4.66, P=0.03) respectively. Influence at work and awake BP were inversely associated: awake SBP (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.35–4.41, P<0.01), awake DBP (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.24–4.72, P=0.01). No association was seen between job control and nocturnal SBP dipping. Conclusion Older workers with high job control may be more at risk of cardiovascular disease resulting from high day- and night-time BP with no evidence of nocturnal dipping.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Irland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3435

Referens

Mc Carthy, V. J. C., Perry, I. J., Greiner, B. A. (2014). Job control and ambulatory blood pressure. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 40 (5), S. 457–464.

Does good leadership buffer effects of high emotional demands at work on risk of antidepressant treatment? A prospective study from two Nordic countries

Madsen, I. E. H., Hanson, L. L. M., Rugulies, R., Theorell, T., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Westerlund, H.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: Emotionally demanding work has been associated with increased risk of common mental disorders. Because emotional demands may not be preventable in certain occupations, the identification of workplace factors that can modify this association is vital. This article examines whether effects of emotional demands on antidepressant treatment, as an indicator of common mental disorders, are buffered by good leadership. Methods: We used data from two nationally representative work environment studies, the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (n = 6,096) and the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (n = 3,411), which were merged with national registers on antidepressant purchases. All individuals with poor self-reported baseline mental health or antidepressant purchases within 8.7 months before baseline were excluded, and data analysed prospectively. Using Cox regression, we examined hazard ratios (HRs) for antidepressants in relation to the joint effects of emotional demands and leadership quality. Buffering was assessed with Rothman’s synergy index. Cohort-specific risk estimates were pooled by random effects meta-analysis. Results: High emotional demands at work were associated with antidepressant treatment whether quality of leadership was poor (HR = 1.84, 95 % CI 1.32–2.57) or good (HR = 1.70, 95 % CI 1.25–2.31). The synergy index was 0.66 (95 % CI 0.34–1.28). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that good leadership does not substantially ameliorate any effects of emotional demands at work on employee mental health. Further research is needed to identify possible preventive measures for this work environment exposure.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige, Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00127-014-0836-x

Referens

Madsen, I. E. H., Hanson, L. L. M., Rugulies, R., Theorell, T., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Westerlund, H. (2014). Does good leadership buffer effects of high emotional demands at work on risk of antidepressant treatment? A prospective study from two Nordic countries. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 49 (8), S. 1209–1218.

Exploring the impact of resilience, self-efficacy, optimism and organizational resources on work engagement

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Wanke, E., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G.

Sammanfattning

Background: The German health care system has undergone radical changes in the last decades. These days health care professionals have to face economic demands, high performance pressure as well as high expectations from patients. To ensure high quality medicine and care, highly intrinsic motivated and work engaged health care professionals are strongly needed. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine relations between personal and organizational resources as essential predictors for work engagement of German health care professionals. Methods: This investigation has a cross-sectional questionnaire study design. Participants were a sample of hospital doctors. Personal strengths, working conditions and work engagement were measured by using the SWOPE-K9, COPE Brief Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Questionnaire, COPSOQ and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. Results: Significant relations between physicians' personal strengths (e.g. resilience, optimism) and work engagement were evaluated. Work related factors showed to have a significant influence on work engagement. Differences in work engagement were also found with regard to socio-demographic variables. Conclusion: Results demonstrated important relationships between personal and organizational resources and work engagement. Health care management needs to use this information to maintain or develop work engaging job conditions in hospitals as one key factor to ensure quality health care service.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Doktor

DOI

10.3233/WOR-131617

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Wanke, E., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G. (2014). Exploring the impact of resilience, self-efficacy, optimism and organizational resources on work engagement. Work (Reading, Mass.), 47 (4), S. 491–500.

Surgeons' work engagement: influencing factors and relations to job and life satisfaction

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G.

Sammanfattning

Work engagement has become a topic of great interest in recent years. However, clinicians' work engagement has rarely been studied and relatively little is known about its predictors and consequences. Therefore the objective of this cross-sectional questionnaire study was to test a model of possible institutional and personal predictors and significant relations to job and life satisfaction.123 clinicians specializing in Surgery Medicine participated in the study. Self-administered questionnaires, including the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Brief Resilient Coping Scale and the Questionnaire for Self-efficacy, Optimism and Pessimism, were administered. Bivariate analyses and a stepwise regression analysis were performed.The whole sample of surgeons rated work engagement with a high mean of M = 4.38; SD = .91. Job satisfaction and perceived quality of life have been rated with moderate scores. The results show that job resources have a greater impact on surgeons' work engagement than their job demands. Significant correlations between surgeons' work engagement, their job satisfaction and quality of life were found. Moreover, work engagement mediated the relation between institutional factors and surgeons' job satisfaction.Our research suggests that strengthening surgeons' work engagement will contribute to a more sustainable workplace, in terms of both individual and hospital performance. Therefore, increasing work engagement among surgeons should be of concern for supervisors and hospital managers. Future research should focus on further predictors that may have an influence on health professionals' work engagement. Another field for future research is to study potential effects of interventions on work engagement.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kirurger

DOI

10.1016/j.surge.2013.11.015

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Danzer, G. (2014). Surgeons' work engagement: influencing factors and relations to job and life satisfaction. The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland, 12 (4), S. 181–190.

Relationships of organizational social capital with the presence of "gossip and slander," "quarrels and conflicts," sick leave, and poor work ability in nursing homes

Kiss, P., Meester, M. De., Kristensen, T. S., Braeckman, L.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the associations of organizational social capital (OSC) with the presence of “gossip and slander,” the presence of “conflicts and quarrels,” sick leave prevalence, and prevalence of poor work ability in frontline working personnel of nursing homes. Methods: A total of 239 subjects (81 % participation), working in 11 different nursing homes, took part in a cross-sectional questionnaire study. Following end points were considered, they are as follows: prevalence of “gossip and slander,” “conflicts and quarrels,” sick leave, and poor work ability. Associations with OSC were explored at individual level (binomial log-linear regression analysis) and on group level (Kendall’s tau correlation coefficients). Results: Significant associations were found between OSC and “gossip and slander,” sick leave, and poor work ability, both in the individual- and group-level analyses. The associations showed a higher significance level in the group-level analyses, with the strongest association found between mean OSC of the workplace and the prevalence of poor work ability at the workplace (τ = −0.722; p = 0.002). Conclusions: This study demonstrated significant associations of OSC with three end points that are relevant within the framework of well-being at work in nursing homes. The results are suggestive that OSC should be treated as a characteristic of the entire workplace, rather than as an individually experienced characteristic. The strikingly strong association between OSC and prevalence of poor work ability is suggestive for an important role of OSC within the context of maintaining work ability.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Belgien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor, #N/A

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0937-6

Referens

Kiss, P., Meester, M. De., Kristensen, T. S., Braeckman, L. (2014). Relationships of organizational social capital with the presence of "gossip and slander," "quarrels and conflicts," sick leave, and poor work ability in nursing homes. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87 (8), S. 929–936.

Psychological stress and strain on employees in dialysis facilities: a cross-sectional study with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire

Kersten, M., Kozak, A., Wendeler, D., Paderow, L., Nubling, M., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Work in dialysis facilities involves long term contact with chronically ill patients. International comparisons make it clear that dialysis work is being concentrated, staff is being reduced and more patients are being treated. It is more than 20 years since the last German publication on job strains and job satisfaction experienced by dialysis staff was published. The present study examines the stress and strain currently experienced by the staff of German dialysis facilities. Methods: The staff of 20 dialysis facilities were surveyed with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). The questionnaire was extended by adding dialysis-specific questions. The data from the dialysis facilities were assessed by comparison with other professions in medical care - nurses and geriatric nurses - using data recorded in the German COPSOQ database. Results: A total of 367 employees took part in the study, corresponding to a response rate of 55%. For almost all psychosocial aspects, the dialysis staff regarded the stress and strain as being more critical than did the geriatric nurses. There were some positive differences in comparison to hospital nursing, including less conflict between work and private life. However, there were also negative differences, such as fewer possibilities of influencing the work. Conclusions: The results of the study show that dialysis work exhibits both positive and negative aspects in comparison with other healthcare professions. The results in the different facilities were highly variable, indicating that the deficits found in the individual scales are not inevitable consequences of working in dialysis in general, but are influenced and might be favourably altered by the individual facilities.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Dialyspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1745-6673-9-4

Referens

Kersten, M., Kozak, A., Wendeler, D., Paderow, L., Nubling, M., Nienhaus, A. (2014). Psychological stress and strain on employees in dialysis facilities: a cross-sectional study with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 9 (1), S. 4.

The Romanian Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire – Short Report

Iordache, R., Petreanu, V.

Sammanfattning

Work related stress represents a characteristic of the present labour market and a health issue for both workers and organisations with major implications at the level of individuals, companies and society at large. As for Romania, according to statistical data published by the European Foundation for Improving the Working and Life Conditions, almost half of the workers in the active organisations of the Romanian labour market declare that their work is stressful. Although stress at work is claimed both by employers and employees, Romania does not have legislation to regulate explicitly at national, sectorial and enterprise level the safety and health at work policies and promote the wellbeing at work in relation to stress generating risks. Further on, the existing legislation does not specifically regulate the identification, evaluation and monitoring of the stress effects on the physical and mental health state. There are no practical validated instruments to identify, evaluate and monitor stress that can be used at the company level. A tool for the assessment of the psychosocial work environment – The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) – was adapted and validated in Romania in order to develop a standardized method to be used in research of the psychosocial factors and to assess the psychosocial work environment in different work areas in Romania. The main objectives of the study, part of a large ergonomic research, were: to adapt and validate the Romanian version of the COPSOQ. Adapting the original questionnaire and developing the Romanian version proved to be a necessary process, which was based on the translation and back translation method.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Rumänien

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.201

Referens

Iordache, R., Petreanu, V. (2014). The Romanian Version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire – Short Report. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 149, S. 424–427.

Job strain and COPD exacerbations: an individual-participant meta-analysis

Heikkila, K., Madsen, I.E.H., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Knutsson, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1183/09031936.00205113

Referens

Heikkila, K., Madsen, I.E.H., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Knutsson, A. et al. (2014). Job strain and COPD exacerbations: an individual-participant meta-analysis. The European respiratory journal, 44 (1), S. 247–251.

Job strain and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases: individual-participant meta-analysis of 95,000 men and women

Heikkila, K., Madsen, I.E.H., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J.B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Dragano, N., Ferrie, J.E., Knutsson, A., Koskenvuo, M., Koskinen, A., Nielsen, M.L., Nordin, M., Pejtersen, J.H., Pentti, J., Rugulies, R., Oksanen, T., Shipley, M.J., Suominen, S.B., Theorell, T., Vaananen, A., Vahtera, J., Virtanen, M., Westerlund, H., Westerholm, P.J. M., Batty, G.D., Singh-Manoux, A., Kivimaki, M.

Sammanfattning

Background and Aims: Many clinicians, patients and patient advocacy groups believe stress to have a causal role in inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. However, this is not corroborated by clear epidemiological research evidence. We investigated the association between work-related stress and incident Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis using individual-level data from 95 000 European adults. Methods: We conducted individual-participant data meta-analyses in a set of pooled data from 11 prospective European studies. All studies are a part of the IPD-Work Consortium. Work-related psychosocial stress was operationalised as job strain (a combination of high demands and low control at work) and was self-reported at baseline. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis were ascertained from national hospitalisation and drug reimbursement registers. The associations between job strain and inflammatory bowel disease outcomes were modelled using Cox proportional hazards regression. The study-specific results were combined in random effects meta-analyses. Results: Of the 95 379 participants who were free of inflammatory bowel disease at baseline, 111 men and women developed Crohn's disease and 414 developed ulcerative colitis during follow-up. Job strain at baseline was not associated with incident Crohn's disease (multivariable-adjusted random effects hazard ratio: 0.83, 95% confidence interval: 0.48, 1.43) or ulcerative colitis (hazard ratio: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.76, 1.48). There was negligible heterogeneity among the study-specific associations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that job strain, an indicator of work-related stress, is not a major risk factor for Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0088711

Referens

Heikkila, K., Madsen, I.E.H., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J.B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Dragano, N., Ferrie, J.E., Knutsson, A., Koskenvuo, M., Koskinen, A., Nielsen, M.L., Nordin, M., Pejtersen, J.H., Pentti, J., Rugulies, R., Oksanen, T., Shipley, M.J., Suominen, S.B., Theorell, T., Vaananen, A., Vahtera, J., Virtanen, M., Westerlund, H., Westerholm, P.J. M., Batty, G.D., Singh-Manoux, A., Kivimaki, M. (2014). Job strain and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases: individual-participant meta-analysis of 95,000 men and women. PloS one, 9 (2), e88711.

Face validity of the single work ability item: comparison with objectively measured heart rate reserve over several days

Gupta, N., Jensen, B. S., Sogaard, K., Carneiro, I. G., Christiansen, C. S., Hanisch, C., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the face validity of the self-reported single item work ability with objectively measured heart rate reserve (%HRR) among blue-collar workers. Methods: We utilized data from 127 blue-collar workers (Female = 53; Male = 74) aged 18–65 years from the cross-sectional “New method for Objective Measurements of physical Activity in Daily living (NOMAD)” study. The workers reported their single item work ability and completed an aerobic capacity cycling test and objective measurements of heart rate reserve monitored with Actiheart for 3–4 days with a total of 5,810 h, including 2,640 working hours. Results: A significant moderate correlation between work ability and %HRR was observed among males (R = −0.33, P = 0.005), but not among females (R = 0.11, P = 0.431). In a gender-stratified multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis, males with high %HRR were more likely to report a reduced work ability compared to males with low %HRR [OR = 4.75, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.31 to 17.25]. However, this association was not found among females (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.16), and a significant interaction between work ability, %HRR and gender was observed (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The observed association between work ability and objectively measured %HRR over several days among male blue-collar workers supports the face validity of the single work ability item. It is a useful and valid measure of the relation between physical work demands and resources among male blue-collar workers. The contrasting association among females needs to be further investigated.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Arbetare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph110505333

Referens

Gupta, N., Jensen, B. S., Sogaard, K., Carneiro, I. G., Christiansen, C. S., Hanisch, C., Holtermann, A. (2014). Face validity of the single work ability item: comparison with objectively measured heart rate reserve over several days. International journal of environmental research and public health, 11 (5), S. 5333–5348.

Dimensional comparability of psychosocial working conditions as covered in European monitoring questionnaires

Formazin, M., Burr, H., Aagestad, C., Tynes, T., Thorsen, S. V., Perkio-Makela, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: In most countries in the EU, national surveys are used to monitor working conditions and health. Since the development processes behind the various surveys are not necessarily theoretical, but certainly practical and political, the extent of similarity among the dimensions covered in these surveys has been unclear. Another interesting question is whether prominent models from scientific research on work and health are present in the surveys – bearing in mind that the primary focus of these surveys is on monitoring status and trends, not on mapping scientific models. Moreover, it is relevant to know which other scales and concepts not stemming from these models have been included in the surveys. The purpose of this paper is to determine (1) the similarity of dimensions covered in the surveys included and (2) the congruence of dimensions of scientific research and of dimensions present in the monitoring systems. Method: Items from surveys representing six European countries and one European wide survey were classified into the dimensions they cover, using a taxonomy agreed upon among all involved partners from the six countries. Results: The classification reveals that there is a large overlap of dimensions, albeit not in the formulation of items, covered in the seven surveys. Among the available items, the two prominent work-stress-models – job-demand-control-support-model (DCS) and effort-reward-imbalance-model (ERI) – are covered in most surveys even though this has not been the primary aim in the compilation of these surveys. In addition, a large variety of items included in the surveillance systems are not part of these models and are – at least partly – used in nearly all surveys. These additional items reflect concepts such as "restructuring", "meaning of work", "emotional demands" and "offensive behaviour/violence & harassment". Conclusions: The overlap of the dimensions being covered in the various questionnaires indicates that the interests of the parties deciding on the questionnaires in the different countries overlap. The large number of dimensions measured in the questionnaires and not being part of the DCS and ERI models is striking. These "new" dimensions could inspire the research community to further investigate their possible health and labour market effects.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-14-1251

Referens

Formazin, M., Burr, H., Aagestad, C., Tynes, T., Thorsen, S. V., Perkio-Makela, M. et al. (2014). Dimensional comparability of psychosocial working conditions as covered in European monitoring questionnaires. BMC public health, 14, S. 1251.

Does affective organizational commitment and experience of meaning at work predict risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 40,554 observations in four occupational groups

Clausen, T., Burr, H. & Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate whether experience of meaning at work (MAW) and affective organizational commitment (AOC) predict risk of disability pensioning in four occupational groups. Methods: Survey data from 40,554 individuals were fitted to a national register (DREAM) containing information on payments of disability pension. Using multi-adjusted Cox-regression, observations were followed in the DREAM-register to assess risk of disability pensioning. Results: Low levels of MAW significantly increased risk of disability pensioning during follow-up referencing high levels of MAW. Respondents with medium levels of AOC had a significantly reduced risk of disability pensioning, when compared to respondents with high levels of AOC. Furthermore, results indicate an interaction effect between AOC and MAW in predicting risk of disability pension. Conclusions: AOC and MAW are significantly associated with risk of disability pensioning. Promoting MAW and managing AOC in contemporary workplaces may contribute towards reducing risk of disability pensioning.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1002/ajim.22313

Referens

Clausen, T., Burr, H. & Borg, V. (2014). Does affective organizational commitment and experience of meaning at work predict risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 40,554 observations in four occupational groups. American journal of industrial medicine, 57 (6), S. 709–717.

Do psychosocial work conditions predict risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 40,554 observations

Clausen, T., Burr, H., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To investigate whether high psychosocial job demands (quantitative demands and work pace) and low psychosocial job resources (influence at work and quality of leadership) predicted risk of disability pensioning among employees in four occupational groups--employees working with customers, employees working with clients, office workers and manual workers--in line with the propositions of the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model. Methods: Survey data from 40,554 individuals were fitted to the DREAM register containing information on payments of disability pension. Using multi-adjusted Cox regression, observations were followed in the DREAM-register to assess risk of disability pensioning. Average follow-up time was 5.9 years (SD=3.0). Results: Low levels of influence at work predicted an increased risk of disability pensioning and medium levels of quantitative demands predicted a decreased risk of disability pensioning in the study population. We found significant interaction effects between job demands and job resources as combinations low quality of leadership and high job demands predicted the highest rate of disability pensioning. Further analyses showed some, but no statistically significant, differences between the four occupational groups in the associations between job demands, job resources and risk of disability pensioning. Conclusions: The study showed that psychosocial job demands and job resources predicted risk of disability pensioning. The direction of some of the observed associations countered the expectations of the JD-R model and the findings of the present study therefore imply that associations between job demands, job resources and adverse labour market outcomes are more complex than conceptualised in the JD-R model.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494814527187

Referens

Clausen, T., Burr, H., Borg, V. (2014). Do psychosocial work conditions predict risk of disability pensioning? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 40,554 observations. Scandinavian journal of public health, 42 (4), S. 377–384.

Do psychosocial job demands and job resources predict long-term sickness absence? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 39,408 individuals in four occupational groups

Clausen, T., Burr, H., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate whether psychosocial job demands (work pace and quantitative demands) and job resources (influence at work and quality of leadership) predict long-term sickness absence (LTSA) for more than three consecutive weeks in four occupational groups. Methods: Survey data pooling 39,408 respondents were fitted to a national register containing information on payments of sickness absence compensation. Using multi-adjusted Cox regression, respondents were followed for an 18-month follow-up period to assess risk of LTSA. Results: In the entire study population, low and medium levels of influence at work and low quality of leadership predicted a significantly increased risk of LTSA, whereas medium levels of quantitative demands predicted a significantly reduced risk of LTSA. For employees working with clients and for office workers, low and medium influence at work associated with a significantly increased risk of LTSA. For employees working with clients, low quality of leadership predicted a significantly increased risk of LTSA. For manual workers, low influence at work predicted a significantly increased risk of LTSA and medium quantitative demands were associated with a significantly reduced risk of LTSA. For employees working with customers, medium quantitative demands predicted a significantly reduced risk of LTSA. Finally, in predicting LTSA, we found significant interaction effects between job demands and job resources. Conclusions: The study indicates that a lack of job resources--particularly influence at work--are more important predictors of LTSA than high job demands.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-014-0936-7

Referens

Clausen, T., Burr, H., Borg, V. (2014). Do psychosocial job demands and job resources predict long-term sickness absence? An analysis of register-based outcomes using pooled data on 39,408 individuals in four occupational groups. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 87 (8), S. 909–917.

Changes in psychosocial work conditions in Taiwanese employees by gender and age from 2001 to 2010

Cheng, Y., Chen, I-S., Burr, H., Chen, C.-J. & Chiang, T.-L.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine changes in working hours, shift work, psychological and physical job demands, job control and job insecurity in Taiwanese employees by gender and age during the period of 2001 to 2010. Methods: The study subjects were 36,750 men and 27,549 women, aged 25-64, from 4 rounds of cross-sectional surveys of representative employees. Psychosocial work conditions were assessed by a validated questionnaire. Results: Regression analyses with adjustment of education and employment grade showed that from 2001 to 2010, the proportions of workers with long working hours (>48 hours/week) (OR=1.4 in men and 1.5 in women) and workers with short working hours (<40 hours/week) (OR=1.3 in both genders) both increased over time, indicating an increasing polarization in the distribution of working hours. Furthermore, the proportions of nonstandard work shifts (OR=1.7 in men and 2.1 in women) and work with high physical demands (OR=1.5 for both gender) increased. There were signs of decreasing levels of job control from 2001 to 2007, which seemed to be more apparent in younger workers than in older workers. However, a slight recovery in decision latitude and opportunity for learning was noticed in later years. The trend in job insecurity was not linear, with the highest prevalence found in 2004. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that certain aspects of psychosocial work environment had deteriorated in Taiwan. There is a need to raise public awareness about the changing patterns of psychosocial health risks at work as well as their causes and their potential impacts on worker well-being.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1539/joh.12-0286-OA

Referens

Cheng, Y., Chen, I-S., Burr, H., Chen, C.-J. & Chiang, T.-L. (2014). Changes in psychosocial work conditions in Taiwanese employees by gender and age from 2001 to 2010. Journal of occupational health, 55 (5), S. 323–332.

Occupational accident and disease claims, work-related stress and job satisfaction of physiotherapists

Brattig, B., Schablon, A., Nienhaus, A., Peters, C.,

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Physiotherapists are exposed to diverse occupational demands. Until now, little has been known about the interaction between occupational stress and the job satisfaction of physiotherapists. This paper aims to examine their work-related stress and job satisfaction. It will analyse accidents at work and occupational diseases of physiotherapists along with work-related physical and psychosocial stress and job satisfaction. Method: We analysed routine data of the German Institute for Statutory Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW) on accidents at work and occurring en route to/from work as well as occupational diseases of physiotherapists. Work-related stress and job satisfaction were examined in a cross-sectional survey using a standard questionnaire to be completed by subjects themselves. Results: Between 2007 and 2011, 1,229 cases of occupational disease were reported to the BGW. The majority of reports involved skin diseases (73%). Stumbles and falls were the most frequent causes of accidents at work (42.9%). Eighty-five physiotherapists all over Germany took part in the survey. They experience high quantitative demands at work. The main physical demands consist of a torso posture between 45° and 90° and high hand activity. Of the 85 subjects, 51% suffer from complaints of the musculoskeletal system in the neck and thoracic spine area and 24% have skin diseases. Most physiotherapists (88%) are satisfied with their work overall. This is aided by a high degree of influence on their work and breaks, by practical application of skills and expert knowledge, high regard for their profession, varied work and a good atmosphere at work. Reservations tend to be about statutory regulations and the social benefits provided by the German healthcare system. Conclusion: Overall, despite high demands and stress relating to the adequacy of resources, the majority of physiotherapists surveyed seem to be satisfied with their job. The main focus of action to promote the health of physiotherapists should be on preventing skin disease, problems of the musculoskeletal system and accidents caused by stumbles and falls.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Fysioterapeuter

DOI

10.1186/s12995-014-0036-3

Referens

Brattig, B., Schablon, A., Nienhaus, A., Peters, C., (2014). Occupational accident and disease claims, work-related stress and job satisfaction of physiotherapists. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 9 (1), S. 36.

Exposure to nature versus relaxation during lunch breaks and recovery from work: development and design of an intervention study to improve workers' health, well-being, work performance and creativity

Bloom, J. De., Kinnunen, U., Korpela, K.

Sammanfattning

Background: The objective of this research project is to understand and to improve workers' recovery from work stress. Although recovery during lunch breaks is the most common within-workday break, it has received only minor research attention. Therefore, we will study whether lunch breaks including a relaxation session or exposure to nature have more favorable outcomes than usually spent lunch breaks concerning: a) recovery processes, b) health, c) well-being, d) job performance and e) creativity. We approach recovery by combining the theoretical frameworks of work and environmental psychology. Methods/Design: We conduct an intervention study in a sample of 268 knowledge-workers who engage in different lunch break activities for 15-minutes per day, two weeks in a row. We randomly assign participants to three experimental conditions: 1) exposure to nature, 2) relaxation and 3) control group (lunch break spent as usual). Online questionnaires before and after the intervention assess long term changes regarding recovery processes and the major outcome variables. Before, during and after the intervention, SMS and paper-pencil questionnaires measure the same constructs four times a day with fewer items. We also measure blood pressure and collect saliva samples to map cortisol excretion across the intervention period. A timed experimental task (i.e., the Alternative Uses Task) is used to examine differences in creativity between the three groups after the intervention period. Discussion: By combining the knowledge of work and environmental psychology about recovery and restorative experiences, by merging three recovery perspectives (settings, processes, and outcomes) and by using data triangulation, we produce valid results that broaden our view on mechanisms underlying recovery and enhance our understanding about their links to psychological, behavioural and physiological outcomes, resulting in a more comprehensive picture of work stress recovery in general.

År

2014

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Finland

Yrken

Kunskapsarbetare

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-14-488

Referens

Bloom, J. De., Kinnunen, U., Korpela, K. (2014). Exposure to nature versus relaxation during lunch breaks and recovery from work: development and design of an intervention study to improve workers' health, well-being, work performance and creativity. BMC public health, 14, S. 488.

Employment precariousness and poor mental health: evidence from Spain on a new social determinant of health

Vives, A., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background. Evidence on the health-damaging effects of precarious employment is limited by the use of one-dimensional approaches focused on employment instability. This study assesses the association between precarious employment and poor mental health using the multidimensional Employment Precariousness Scale. Methods. Cross-sectional study of 5679 temporary and permanent workers from the population-based Psychosocial Factors Survey was carried out in 2004-2005 in Spain. Poor mental health was defined as SF-36 mental health scores below the 25th percentile of the Spanish reference for each respondent’s sex and age. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) of poor mental health across quintiles of employment precariousness (reference: 1st quintile) were calculated with log-binomial regressions, separately for women and men. Results. Crude PPRs showed a gradient association with poor mental health and remained generally unchanged after adjustments for age, immigrant status, socioeconomic position, and previous unemployment. Fully adjusted PPRs for the 5th quintile were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.95–3.31) for women and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.86–2.68) for men. Conclusion. The study finds a gradient association between employment precariousness and poor mental health, which was somewhat stronger among women, suggesting an interaction with gender-related power asymmetries. Further research is needed to strengthen the epidemiological evidence base and to inform labour market policy-making.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1155/2013/978656

Referens

Vives, A., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C. et al. (2013). Employment precariousness and poor mental health: evidence from Spain on a new social determinant of health. Journal of environmental and public health, 2013, S. 978656.

Perceived job insecurity as a risk factor for incident coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis

Virtanen, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Jokela, M., Heikkila, K., Fransson, E. I. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To determine the association between self reported job insecurity and incident coronary heart disease. Design: A meta-analysis combining individual level data from a collaborative consortium and published studies identified by a systematic review. Data sources: We obtained individual level data from 13 cohort studies participating in the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations Consortium. Four published prospective cohort studies were identified by searches of Medline (to August 2012) and Embase databases (to October 2012), supplemented by manual searches. Review methods: Prospective cohort studies that reported risk estimates for clinically verified incident coronary heart disease by the level of self reported job insecurity. Two independent reviewers extracted published data. Summary estimates of association were obtained using random effects models. Results: The literature search yielded four cohort studies. Together with 13 cohort studies with individual participant data, the meta-analysis comprised up to 174 438 participants with a mean follow-up of 9.7 years and 1892 incident cases of coronary heart disease. Age adjusted relative risk of high versus low job insecurity was 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.09 to 1.59). The relative risk of job insecurity adjusted for sociodemographic and risk factors was 1.19 (1.00 to 1.42). There was no evidence of significant differences in this association by sex, age (<50 v ≥50 years), national unemployment rate, welfare regime, or job insecurity measure. Conclusions: The modest association between perceived job insecurity and incident coronary heart disease is partly attributable to poorer socioeconomic circumstances and less favourable risk factor profiles among people with job insecurity.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/bmj.f4746

Referens

Virtanen, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Jokela, M., Heikkila, K., Fransson, E. I. et al. (2013). Perceived job insecurity as a risk factor for incident coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 347, f4746.

A one-item workability measure mediates work demands, individual resources and health in the prediction of sickness absence

Thorsen, S. V., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Bjorner, J. B.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The study tested the hypothesis that a one-item workability measure represented an assessment of the fit between resources (the individuals' physical and mental health and functioning) and workplace demands and that this resource/demand fit was a mediator in the prediction of sickness absence. We also estimated the relative importance of health and work environment for workability and sickness absence. Methods: Baseline data were collected within a Danish work and health survey (3,214 men and 3,529 women) and followed up in a register of sickness absence. Probit regression analysis with workability as mediator was performed for a binary outcome of sickness absence. The predictors in the analysis were as follows: age, social class, physical health, mental health, number of diagnoses, ergonomic exposures, occupational noise, exposure to risks, social support from supervisor, job control and quantitative demands. Results: High age, poor health and ergonomic exposures were associated with low workability and mediated by workability to sickness absence for both genders. Low social class and low quantitative demands were associated with low workability and mediated to sickness absence among men. The mediated part was from 11 to 63 % of the total effect for the significant predictors. Conclusion: Workability mediated health, age, social class and ergonomic exposures in the prediction of sickness absence. The health predictors had the highest association with both workability and sickness absence; physical work environment was higher associated with the outcomes than psychosocial work environment. However, the explanatory value of the predictors for the variance in the model was low.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0807-z

Referens

Thorsen, S. V., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Bjorner, J. B. (2013). A one-item workability measure mediates work demands, individual resources and health in the prediction of sickness absence. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86 (7), S. 755–766.

Factors related to the intention to leave and the decision to resign among newly graduated nurses: a complete survey in a selected prefecture in Japan

Tei-Tominaga, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study examined factors related to the intention to leave and the decision to resign, including individual and psychosocial factors in the work environment, among newly graduated nurses (NGNs). Methods: We distributed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire to all NGNs (n = 1,477) in a selected prefecture in Japan. The response rate was 41 %. We used completed female data (n = 493) for analysis. The questionnaire included a scale of the intention to leave, an item related to the decision to resign, psychosocial factors in the work environment (e.g., the Japanese short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, social support, presence of a role model), and individual factors (e.g., psychological distress, cumulative fatigue, job readiness) along with control variables. Results: The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of a role model coincided with the upper quartile of the intention to leave and the decision to resign. Support from supervisors and job readiness showed significant relationships with the upper quartile of the intention to leave; those who received a hospital scholarship showed a significant relationship with the decision to resign. Additionally, psychological distress, inadequate break facilities, and an insufficient amount of permitted rest time were risk factors for the decision to resign, and cumulative fatigue was a risk factor for the upper quartile of the intention to leave. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that, while investment in facilities and human capital may have short-term benefits, measures from a long-term perspective are needed for the prevention of future resignations among NGNs.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Japan

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1007/s12199-012-0320-8

Referens

Tei-Tominaga, M. (2013). Factors related to the intention to leave and the decision to resign among newly graduated nurses: a complete survey in a selected prefecture in Japan. Environmental health and preventive medicine, 18 (4), S. 293–305.

Prevalence of personal exhaustion in the general population in Germany and its coherences towards further psychosomatic disorders

Stobel-Richter, Y., Daig, I., Brahler, E., Zenger, M.

Sammanfattning

The delineated mental and somatic symptoms in the context of burnout have to be seen as serious health complaints. Exhaustion is one of the symptoms in this context. The present study focuses the prevalence of exhaustion symptoms (assessed with a screeninger for mental wellbeing) in the German general population and the correlation with anxiety and depression as well as further symptoms that co-occur. For this purpose, data of 2 433 persons from a population-based representative sample were analysed. After setting a cut-off point the results reveal that 6% of the population show serious mental impairments, which can be interpreted as a exhaustion prevalence rate. Moreover, the results imply clear relationships of exhaustion and other symptoms as well as mental and somatic impairments and the intake of pharmaceuticals.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1055/s-0032-1331704

Referens

Stobel-Richter, Y., Daig, I., Brahler, E., Zenger, M. (2013). Prevalence of personal exhaustion in the general population in Germany and its coherences towards further psychosomatic disorders. Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie, 63 (3-4), S. 109–114.

Subjective cognitive complaints and the role of executive cognitive functioning in the working population: a case-control study

Stenfors, C. U. D., Marklund, P., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Theorell, T., Nilsson, L.-G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Cognitive functioning is important for managing work and life in general. However, subjective cognitive complaints (SCC), involving perceived difficulties with concentration, memory, decision making, and clear thinking are common in the general and working population and can be coupled with both lowered well-being and work ability. However, the relation between SCC and cognitive functioning across the adult age-span, and in the work force, is not clear as few population-based studies have been conducted on non-elderly adults. Thus, the present study aimed to test the relation between SCC and executive cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of employees. Methods: Participants were 233 employees with either high (cases) or low (controls) levels of SCC. Group differences in neuropsychological test performance on three common executive cognitive tests were analysed through a set of analyses of covariance tests, including relevant covariates. Results & Conclusions: In line with the a priori hypotheses, a high level of SCC was associated with significantly poorer executive cognitive performance on all three executive cognitive tests used, compared to controls with little SCC. Additionally, symptoms of depression, chronic stress and sleeping problems were found to play a role in the relations between SCC and executive cognitive functioning. No significant associations remained after adjusting for all these factors. The current findings contribute to an increased understanding of what characterizes SCC in the work force and may be used at different levels of prevention of- and intervention for SCC and related problems with executive cognitive functioning.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0083351

Referens

Stenfors, C. U. D., Marklund, P., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Theorell, T., Nilsson, L.-G. (2013). Subjective cognitive complaints and the role of executive cognitive functioning in the working population: a case-control study. PloS one, 8 (12), e83351.

Psychosocial working conditions and cognitive complaints among Swedish employees

Stenfors, C. U. D., Magnusson Hanson, L., Oxenstierna, G., Theorell, T., Nilsson, L.-G.

Sammanfattning

Background: Cognitive complaints involving problems with concentration, memory, decision-making and thinking are relatively common in the work force. The sensitivity of both subjective and objective cognitive functioning to common psychiatric conditions, stress levels and to cognitive load makes it plausible that psychosocial working conditions play a role in cognitive complaints. Thus, this study aimed to test the associations between psychosocial work factors and cognitive complaints in nationally representative samples of the Swedish work force. Cross-sectional (n = 9751) and prospective (n = 3644; two time points two years apart) sequential multiple regression analyses were run, adjusting for general confounders, depressive- and sleeping problems. Additional prospective analyses were run adjusting for baseline cognitive complaints. Cross-sectional results: High quantitative demands, information and communication technology (ICT) demands, underqualification and conflicts were positively associated with cognitive complaints, while social support, good resources at work and overqualification were negatively associated with cognitive complaints in all models. Skill discretion and decision authority were weakly associated with cognitive complaints. Conflicts were more strongly associated with cognitive complaints in women than in men, after adjustment for general confounders. Prospective results: Quantitative job demands, ICT demands and underqualification were positively associated with future cognitive complaints in all models, including when adjusted for baseline cognitive complaints. Decision authority was weakly positively associated with future cognitive complaints, only after adjustment for depressive- and sleeping problems respectively. Social support was negatively associated with future cognitive complaints after adjustment for general confounders and baseline cognitive complaints. Skill discretion and resources were negatively associated with future cognitive complaints after adjustment for general confounders. The associations between quantitative demands and future cognitive complaints were stronger in women. Discussion/Conclusions: The findings indicate that psychosocial working conditions should be taken into account when considering cognitive complaints among employees.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0060637

Referens

Stenfors, C. U. D., Magnusson Hanson, L., Oxenstierna, G., Theorell, T., Nilsson, L.-G. (2013). Psychosocial working conditions and cognitive complaints among Swedish employees. PloS one, 8 (4), e60637.

Are environmental characteristics in the municipal eldercare, more closely associated with frequent short sick leave spells among employees than with total sick leave: a cross-sectional study

Stapelfeldt, C. M., Nielsen, C. V., Andersen, N. T., Krane, L., Fleten, N., Borg, V., Jensen, C.

Sammanfattning

Background: It has been suggested that frequent-, short-term sick leave is associated with work environment factors, whereas long-term sick leave is associated mainly with health factors. However, studies of the hypothesis of an association between a poor working environment and frequent short spells of sick leave are few and results are inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to explore associations between self-reported psychosocial work factors and workplace-registered frequency and length of sick leave in the eldercare sector. Methods: Employees from the municipal eldercare in Aarhus (N = 2,534) were included. In 2005, they responded to a work environment questionnaire. Sick leave records from 2005 were dichotomised into total sick leave days (0–14 and above 14 days) and into spell patterns (0–2 short, 3–9 short, and mixed spells and 1–3 long spells). Logistic regression models were used to analyse associations; adjusted for age, gender, occupation, and number of spells or sick leave length. Results: The response rate was 76%; 96% of the respondents were women. Unfavourable mean scores in work pace, demands for hiding emotions, poor quality of leadership and bullying were best indicated by more than 14 sick leave days compared with 0–14 sick leave days. For work pace, the best indicator was a long-term sick leave pattern compared with a non-frequent short-term pattern. A frequent short-term sick leave pattern was a better indicator of emotional demands (1.62; 95% CI: 1.1-2.5) and role conflict (1.50; 95% CI: 1.2-1.9) than a short-term non-frequent pattern. Age (= < 40 / >40 years) statistically significantly modified the association between the 1–3 long-term sick leave spell pattern and commitment to the workplace compared with the 3–9 frequent short-term pattern. Conclusions: Total sick leave length and a long-term sick leave spell pattern were just as good or even better indicators of unfavourable work factor scores than a frequent short-term sick leave pattern. Scores in commitment to the workplace and quality of leadership varied with sick leave pattern and age. Thus, different sick leave measures seem to be associated with different work environment factors. Further studies on these associations may inform interventions to improve occupational health care.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-13-578

Referens

Stapelfeldt, C. M., Nielsen, C. V., Andersen, N. T., Krane, L., Fleten, N., Borg, V., Jensen, C. (2013). Are environmental characteristics in the municipal eldercare, more closely associated with frequent short sick leave spells among employees than with total sick leave: a cross-sectional study. BMC public health, 13, S. 578.

Improving the psychosocial work environment at multi-ethnic workplaces: a multi-component intervention strategy in the cleaning industry

Smith, L. H., Hviid, K., Frydendall, K. B., Flyvholm, M.-A.

Sammanfattning

Global labour migration has increased in recent years and immigrant workers are often recruited into low status and low paid jobs such as cleaning. Research in a Danish context shows that immigrants working in the cleaning industry often form social networks based on shared languages and backgrounds, and that conflict between different ethnic groups may occur. This paper evaluates the impact of a multi-component intervention on the psychosocial work environment at a multi-ethnic Danish workplace in the cleaning sector. The intervention included Danish lessons, vocational training courses, and activities to improve collaboration across different groups of cleaners. Interviews about the outcome of the intervention were conducted with the cleaners and their supervisor. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used as a supplement to the interviews. The results suggest that the psychosocial work environment had improved after the intervention. According to the interviews with the cleaners, the intervention had led to improved communication, trust, and collaboration. These findings are supported by the questionnaire where social support from supervisor and colleagues, social community, trust, and teamwork seem to have improved together with meaning of work, rewards, and emotional demands. The design of the intervention may provide inspiration for future psychosocial work environment interventions at multi-ethnic work places.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Lokalvårdare

DOI

10.3390/ijerph10104996

Referens

Smith, L. H., Hviid, K., Frydendall, K. B., Flyvholm, M.-A. (2013). Improving the psychosocial work environment at multi-ethnic workplaces: a multi-component intervention strategy in the cleaning industry. International journal of environmental research and public health, 10 (10), S. 4996–5010.

Adverse psychosocial working conditions and risk of severe depressive symptoms. Do effects differ by occupational grade?

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H., Siegrist, J., Bultmann, U.

Sammanfattning

Background: Depression is a major concern for public health. Both adverse working conditions and low socio-economic position are suspected to increase risk of depression. In a representative sample of the Danish workforce we investigated (i) whether adverse psychosocial working conditions, defined by the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) model, predicted onset of severe depressive symptoms after 5-year follow-up and (ii) whether the effect of ERI was differential across occupational grades. Methods: A cohort of 2701 Danish employees filled in a questionnaire on work and health in 2000 and 2005. ERI was measured with four effort and seven reward items. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the five-item Mental Health Inventory. Participants scoring ≤52 points were defined as cases. We used logistic regression to investigate the association of ERI and occupational grade in 2000 with onset of severe depressive symptoms in 2005. Analyses were adjusted for socio-demographics, health behaviours, survey method, self-rated health, sleep disturbances and non-severe depressive symptoms at baseline. Results: High ERI predicted onset of severe depressive symptoms at follow-up, after adjustment for co-variates and occupational grade (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.12–4.25). Participants with high ERI and low occupational grade showed a considerably higher OR (2.43, 95% CI = 1.07–5.53) compared to participants with low/medium ERI and low grade (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.72–2.92), high ERI and high grade (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.59–2.70) and low/medium ERI and high grade (reference group). Conclusion: Adverse psychosocial working conditions predicted onset of severe depressive symptoms. The effect was stronger among employees of lower occupational grades compared to those of higher grades.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/cks071

Referens

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H., Siegrist, J., Bultmann, U. (2013). Adverse psychosocial working conditions and risk of severe depressive symptoms. Do effects differ by occupational grade?. European journal of public health, 23 (3), S. 415–420.

Does work-site physical activity improve self-reported psychosocial workplace factors and job satisfaction? A randomized controlled intervention study

Roessler, K. K., Rugulies, R., Bilberg, R., Andersen, L. L., Zebis, M. K., Sjogaard, G.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate whether a work-site strength-training program has a positive effect on self-reported psychosocial workplace factors and job satisfaction. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial among laboratory technicians implementing neck and shoulder exercises for pain relief, with 199 participants in the training group and 228 in the control group. Influence at work, sense of community, time pressure, and job satisfaction were measured with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire at baseline and post-intervention after 20 weeks. Results: There was no statistically significant change in any of the four variables in the training group from baseline to follow-up (all p ≥ 0.39). When we used MANOVA to test for between-group effects over time, we did not find any statistically significant result (all p > 0.14). Conclusions: This study does not provide evidence for an effect of a work-site strength-training program on self-reported psychosocial workplace factors and job satisfaction.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Laboratorietekniker

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0823-z

Referens

Roessler, K. K., Rugulies, R., Bilberg, R., Andersen, L. L., Zebis, M. K., Sjogaard, G. (2013). Does work-site physical activity improve self-reported psychosocial workplace factors and job satisfaction? A randomized controlled intervention study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86 (8), S. 861–864.

Does self-assessed physical capacity predict development of low back pain among health care workers? A 2-year follow-up study

Rasmussen, C. D. N., Jorgensen, M. B., Clausen, T., Andersen, L. L., Stroyer, J., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Study Design. Prospective cohort study. Objective. To determine the prognostic value of self-assessed physical capacity for the development of low back pain (LBP) among female health care workers without LBP. Summary of Background Data. High physical capacities in terms of strength, endurance, flexibility, and balance are assumed to prevent LBP among persons with high physical work demands. However, the few existing studies investigating this relationship show contrasting findings. Methods. Female health care workers answered a questionnaire about physical capacity in 2004, and days with LBP in 2005 and 2006. The odds ratios (ORs) for developing nonchronic (1–30 d of the past 12 mo) and persistent (>30 d of the past 12 mo) LBP in 2006 from self-assessed physical capacity were investigated with multiadjusted logistic regressions among female health care workers without LBP in 2005 (n = 1612). Results. Health care workers with low and medium physical capacity had increased risk of developing nonchronic LBP (OR = 1.52 [CI = 1.05–2.20] and OR = 1.37 [CI = 1.01–1.84], respectively), and health care workers with low physical capacity had an increased risk of developing persistent LBP (OR = 2.13 [CI = 1.15–3.96]), referencing those with high physical capacity. Conclusion. Self-assessed low physical capacity is a strong predictor for developing nonchronic and persistent LBP among pain-free female health care workers. Future intervention studies should investigate whether increased physical capacity, for example, through exercise training prevents development of LBP among female health care workers.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1097/BRS.0b013e31826981f3

Referens

Rasmussen, C. D. N., Jorgensen, M. B., Clausen, T., Andersen, L. L., Stroyer, J., Holtermann, A. (2013). Does self-assessed physical capacity predict development of low back pain among health care workers? A 2-year follow-up study. Spine, 38 (3), S. 272–276.

The Gutenberg Health Study: measuring psychosocial factors at work and predicting health and work-related outcomes with the ERI and the COPSOQ questionnaire

Nübling, M., Seidler, A., Garthus-Niegel, S., Latza, Ute., Wagner, M., Hegewald, J. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Several instruments have been developed to assess psychosocial workload. We compared two of these instruments, the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) with regard to congruent validity and internal validity. Methods: This analysis is based on a population-based sample of the baseline examination of 2,783 employees from the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS). About half of the participants completed the ERI questionnaire (n = 1,342), the other half completed the COPSOQ (n = 1,441). First, the two samples were compared and descriptive analyses were carried out calculating mean values for both instruments in general, then separately for age, gender and main occupational groups. Second, we analyzed the relationship between ERI and COPSOQ scales on the workplace situation and on the workplace outcomes: job satisfaction, general health, burnout, satisfaction with life, by applying stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results and discussion: For the majority of occupations, high effort as reflected by the ERI corresponded with high demands as reflected by the COPSOQ. Comparably, high reward (according to ERI) yielded a good agreement with high "influence and development" (according to COPSOQ). However, we could also find differences between ERI and COPSOQ concerning the intensity of psychosocial workload in some occupations (e.g., physicians/pharmacists or warehouse managers/warehousemen/transport workers). These differences point to differing theoretical concepts of ERI and COPSOQ. When the ability of ERI and COPSOQ was examined to determine the associations with health and work outcomes, burnout could be better predicted by the COPSOQ; this might be due to the fact that COPSOQ comprises the constructs "work-privacy conflict" and "emotional demand", which are closely related to burnout. However, methodological differences between these instruments limit their direct comparability. Conclusions: The ERI and COPSOQ instrument yielded similar results for most occupational groups. The slightly stronger association between psychosocial workload as assessed by COPSOQ and burnout might be explained by its broader approach. The ability of the ERI and COPSOQ instrument to reflect relevant risk factors for clinically manifest disorders (e.g., coronary heart disease) will be derived from subsequent prospective analyses of the GHS with the follow-up data.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-13-538

Referens

Nübling, M., Seidler, A., Garthus-Niegel, S., Latza, Ute., Wagner, M., Hegewald, J. et al. (2013). The Gutenberg Health Study: measuring psychosocial factors at work and predicting health and work-related outcomes with the ERI and the COPSOQ questionnaire. BMC public health, 13, S. 538.

Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce

Nielsen, M. B. D., Madsen, I. E. H., Bultmann, U., Aust, B., Burr, H., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine whether effort-reward imbalance (ERI) at work predicts onset of register-based long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in a representative sample of the Danish workforce. Methods: We measured effort, reward, ERI, and covariates with self-administered questionnaires in a sample of 4775 employees. LTSA during 12-months of follow-up was assessed with a national register. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with Cox proportional hazard models. Results: The HR of LTSA for a one-SD increase in ERI was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.15) in the most-adjusted model. For effort, the HR for a one-SD increase was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.85-1.06) and for reward the HR for a one-SD decrease was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.03-1.26). Conclusions: ERI was not associated with onset of LTSA. Low reward, however, predicted LTSA.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1097/JOM.0b013e31827dba5b

Referens

Nielsen, M. B. D., Madsen, I. E. H., Bultmann, U., Aust, B., Burr, H., Rugulies, R. (2013). Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish workforce. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 55 (4), S. 454–459.

Attempts of a Participatory Approach to Helping Improve the Value and Appreciation of Geriatric Nursing in Germany. Looking at the “PflegeWert” Project from an Action Research Perspective

Nick, C., Fuchs-Frohnhofen, P.

Sammanfattning

All collaborations can be characterised by power and participation and how those forces are distributed within the group. Action Research’s distinctive feature is that ‘ordinary’ people are actively involved in the entire research process, as they are entrusted with tasks and take on responsibilities that are otherwise often reserved for researchers (Arieli et al., 2009, p. 265). In this sense, Action Research can be understood as ‘a democratic relationship, in which both sides exercise power and shared control over decision-making as well as interpretation” (ibid). In this paper we try to analyse the relationships and structures of power in a project that dealt with the appreciation of nursing services in geriatric care in Germany, so-called Altenpflege. Consistent with the idea of Action Research, the project was conducted by research partners and practitioners working in geriatric care. In order to take a closer look at the conflicts that took place, and to identify the role of communication in this collaboration of different personalities, three retrospective interviews were conducted. The project’s reflection highlighted that an equitable dialogue between researchers and practitioners can unveil differences and conflicts and help to overcome them. With this paper we intent to encourage more Action Research projects in Germany by reflectively illustrating a successful project with its ‘ups’ and especially its ‘downs’.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1688/1861-9916_IJAR_2013_01

Referens

Nick, C., Fuchs-Frohnhofen, P. (2013). Attempts of a Participatory Approach to Helping Improve the Value and Appreciation of Geriatric Nursing in Germany. Looking at the “PflegeWert” Project from an Action Research Perspective. International Journal of Action Research, 9 (1), S. 38–66.

Validation of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory to assess professional burnout in Spain

Molinero Ruiz, E., Basart Gomez-Quintero, H., Moncada Lluis, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is a public domain questionnaire measuring the degree of psychological fatigue experienced in three subdimensions of Burnout: personal (PB), work-related (WB), and client-related Burnout (CB). The study aimed to examine the acceptability, reliability and construct validity of the Spanish version of CBI. Method: The study population consisted of 479 workers of educational centers, social work centres, healthcare centres and workers within the industry sector. Data was collected in 2009 through a self-administered questionnaire including the three CBI scales, sixteen scales of psychosocial work environment (COPSOQ ISTAS21) and perceived general and mental health and vitality (SF-36). Results: Response rate was 78.7%. The three scales have an inter-item correlation average between 0.42 and 0.60 and a corrected item-total correlation between 0,49 and 0,83. The internal consistency of the three scales had Cronbach's α values of 0.90 for PB, 0.83 for WB and 0.82 for CB. Conclusions: Burnout was related to both psychosocial work environment and wellbeing measures in the expected direction and intensity. The items of the three scales show good discrimination capacity, good consistency and homogeneity. The three CBI scales have an acceptable internal consistency reliability index, slightly higher in PB. The discrimination capacity of the scales is verified through the discrimination index and the different levels between occupations and activities. These results demonstrate that the Spanish version of the CBI is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring Burnout.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.4321/S1135-57272013000200006

Referens

Molinero Ruiz, E., Basart Gomez-Quintero, H., Moncada Lluis, S. (2013). Validation of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory to assess professional burnout in Spain. Revista espanola de salud publica, 87 (2), S. 165–179.

Antidepressant use and associations with psychosocial work characteristics. A comparative study of Swedish and Danish gainfully employed

Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Madsen, I. E. H., Westerlund, H., Theorell, T., Burr, H., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Background: Although depression is common, prevalence estimates of antidepressant use among the workforce and undisputed evidence relating psychosocial work characteristics to depression is scarce. This study cross-sectionally assesses the prevalence of antidepressant use among employed in Sweden and Denmark and prospectively examines associations between work characteristics and antidepressant use. Methods: Data on work demands, influence and learning possibilities was collected 2005–2006 from two representative samples of employed aged 20–59 years from Sweden (n=4351) and Denmark (n=8064) and linked to purchases of antidepressants through national prescription drug registries. Standardized 12-month prevalences were calculated. Cox regressions on work characteristics and incident use were performed separately and estimates pooled. Results: Employed Swedish residents had higher standardized prevalence than Danish, 6.0% compared to 5.0%. Working fast and conflicting demands were associated with incident use when estimates were pooled, but adjustment for baseline health attenuated these estimates. Emotionally disturbing situations were related to any incident use, and more strongly to use >179 defined daily dosages/year, even after adjustment for various covariates. Limitations: Statistics based on national prescription drug registries are influenced by, e.g., treatment seeking behaviours and other reasons for prescription than depression. Selective drop-out may also affect prevalence estimates. Conclusions: The study indicates that use of antidepressants among the workforce is relatively high and that employed Swedish residents had higher prevalence of antidepressant use than Danish. Relationships between work characteristics and antidepressant use were, however, similar with emotional demands showing the strongest association, indicating that particular groups of employees may be at increased risk.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige, Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jad.2012.08.023

Referens

Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Madsen, I. E. H., Westerlund, H., Theorell, T., Burr, H., Rugulies, R. (2013). Antidepressant use and associations with psychosocial work characteristics. A comparative study of Swedish and Danish gainfully employed. Journal of affective disorders, 149 (1-3), S. 38–45.

Surgeons' work ability and performance in surgical care: relations between organisational predictors, work engagement and work ability

Mache, S., Danzer, G., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study was to examine relations and influences between work-related factors, personal resources, work engagement and work ability of surgeons working in German hospitals. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey investigation. We used the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Work Ability Index to evaluate surgeons’ work engagement, working conditions and work ability. Bivariate analyses and a stepwise regression analysis were performed. Results: Surgeons reported a moderate work ability and work engagement. The results indicated significant associations between surgeons’ sources of work engagement, work ability and work-related factors (e.g. job resources). Significant differences regarding these variables were also detected between males and females and the various age groups. Conclusion: The study results reflect the positive effect of supportive working conditions and work engagement on the preservation of work ability, indicating their importance in promoting surgeons’ work ability. Due to the elderly population and the continuing development of health care in Germany, the demand for surgeons increases. These circumstances give reasons for a strong need to preserve and restore surgeons’ work ability. New strategies for training and improving the capacity and performance of surgeons are necessary.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kirurger

DOI

10.1007/s00423-012-1044-3

Referens

Mache, S., Danzer, G., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A. (2013). Surgeons' work ability and performance in surgical care: relations between organisational predictors, work engagement and work ability. Langenbeck's archives of surgery, 398 (2), S. 317–325.

Work-related self-report measures and assessment tools in cancer survivorship: a systematic literature review

Ladehoff, N., Sturm, K., Mehnert, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To systematically review and appraise studies examining self-report questionnaires measuring work-related aspects in cancer patients. Method: Literature search methodology: Searches in Embase, PsycINFO, PSYNDEXplus, PSYNDEXplus Tests and PubMed for the period 1990–2011 were completed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) the questionnaire measures work-related aspects; (ii) the questionnaire has been used in at least one study, which involved cancer patient as a relevant target group; and (iii) articles were written in English or German. Results: Twenty-two articles out of 350 records were reviewed and 13 questionnaires identified. The majority of measures cover several dimensions of work-related aspects representing a variety of work-related experiences and constructs such as aspects of the work environment, demands at work and work-related interpersonal relations. Nine of the 13 questionnaires showed good internal consistency whereas subscales of four instruments had fair or poor internal consistency. For 12 out of 13 measures, validity and reliability were tested in non-cancer populations. Conclusions: The knowledge about reliability and validity of self-report questionnaires measuring work-related aspects in cancer patients is scarce and more high-quality validation studies are needed. Findings further emphasize the need for the development of valid multidimensional measures that are relevant for both research and rehabilitative occupational interventions.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Litteraturstudie

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.3109/09638288.2012.688921

Referens

Ladehoff, N., Sturm, K., Mehnert, A. (2013). Work-related self-report measures and assessment tools in cancer survivorship: a systematic literature review. Disability and rehabilitation, 35 (2), S. 100–112.

Levels of stress amongst the school teachers in a public school of rural Western Maharashtra

Kunkulol, R. R., Karia, R., Patel, P., David, A.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Teachers are among the professions reporting highest level of work-related stress, the study was undertaken to evaluate the levels of stress amongst school teachers in a public school of rural western Maharashtra Methods: Prospective survey based study was carried out amongst school teachers of rural western Maharashtra using Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ).The survey was carried out on 3 scheduled visits over a period of 2 months after the Institutional Ethical committee approval. Total 110 Primary and secondary school teachers, satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly selected for the study. All the questions in the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) were graded according to 1 (Always-0), 2 (Sometimes-25), 3 (Often-50), 4 (Seldom-75) and 5 (Never-100). The scale value was calculated as the simple average. More the average score less the stress and vice versa Results & Conclusion: Inability to understand the meaning and importance of work, improper clarity about the job, inability to cope with the problems were found to be the factors always contributing to stress of teachers.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Indien

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.5958/j.2319-5886.2.4.145

Referens

Kunkulol, R. R., Karia, R., Patel, P., David, A. (2013). Levels of stress amongst the school teachers in a public school of rural Western Maharashtra. Inte. Jour. of Medi. Res. & Health Sci., 2 (4), S. 905.

Gender differences in male- and female-dominated occupations among two age cohorts of the lidA study

Kretschmer, V., Du Prel, J. B., Peter, R., Tophoven, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: The German labour market is highly gender-segregated in two directions horizontal and vertical. Regarding horizontal segregation, in 2009, nearly 49% of men and more than 36% of women worked in a professional group with a gender ratio of 4:1 [1]. Only a small proportion of women and men worked in a gender-balanced profession. According to existing research results male- and female-dominated occupations might be associated with health differences and even with mental disorders [2]. Besides, employees are increasingly faced with work and non-work risk factors for poor mental health (e.g. depressiveness) that can also be traced back to the gender-segregated labour market [3]. In this context, we will examine whether male- and female-dominated occupations are associated with depressiveness. Furthermore, we will investigate whether job characteristics, particularly work-related commitment and stress, and non-work conditions, such as work-family imbalance, mediate the relationship between gender-segregated occupation and depressiveness. Data and Methods: A total of 6,270 employees of the first wave of the lidA-study (leben in der Arbeit) – a German Cohort Study on Work, Age and Health – was analysed. A literature based gender ratio for horizontal gender-segregation was used as the independent variable. The dependent variable depressiveness was measured by the simplified Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-V). The mediator work-family conflict was assessed by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II), psychosocial work stress and overcommitment was recorded by the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire. Additionally, our analysis was adjusted for covariates, in particular the socioeconomic status (e.g. education, income) and age. Mediation analysis is conducted according to Baron and Kenny (1986) [4]. Results: We expect that the relationship between gender-segregation and depressiveness is mediated by work and non-work factors. Discussion: Workplace situation and work tasks of both genders in male- and female-dominated occupations have to be considered. Regarding gender-segregation, for men and women different health outcomes have to be assumed. Concerning domestic obligations, different meanings for both genders should be presumed. In addition, the gender pay gap should be discussed.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1055/s-0033-1354240

Referens

Kretschmer, V., Du Prel, J. B., Peter, R., Tophoven, S. (2013). Gender differences in male- and female-dominated occupations among two age cohorts of the lidA study. Gesundheitswesen, 75 (08/09).

Psychosocial work-related predictors and consequences of personal burnout among staff working with people with intellectual disabilities

Kozak, A., Kersten, M., Schillmoller, Z., Nienhaus, A.

Sammanfattning

The purposes of this study were to investigate the potential predictors of personal burnout among staff working with people with intellectual disabilities and to investigate whether personal burnout is associated with health and work-related outcomes. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2011 in 30 residential facilities in northern Germany (N=409, response rate 45%). The German standard version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, we identified factors which were predictive of personal burnout, such as work-privacy conflict (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.03, 1.05), emotional demands (OR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 1.05), role conflicts (OR=1.02, 95% CI 1.02, 1.03), job insecurity (OR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 1.05) and feedback (OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.97, 0.99). These factors explained 49% of the total variance. Higher levels of personal burnout were significantly correlated with higher rates of intention to leave the job and cognitive stress symptoms (p<.01). Low values of personal burnout were associated with greater job satisfaction, good general health, and higher satisfaction with life (p<.01). The present study indicates that improving the psychosocial work environment at the organizational level may reduce personal burnout and may also diminish unfavorable outcomes, such as intention to leave or job dissatisfaction.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.ridd.2012.07.021

Referens

Kozak, A., Kersten, M., Schillmoller, Z., Nienhaus, A. (2013). Psychosocial work-related predictors and consequences of personal burnout among staff working with people with intellectual disabilities. Research in developmental disabilities, 34 (1), S. 102–115.

Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire Scale

June, K. J., Choi, E. S.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This study aims to test the validity and criteria-related reliability of the Korean version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ-K) assessing the psychosocial working environment. Methods: The COPSOQ-K was developed through forward-backward translation techniques, and revision based on feedback from focus groups. Survey data were collected from 311 office workers who worked in one workplace. An internal consistency reliability was estimated by Cronbach`s . The impacts of the COPSOQ-K scales on job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles, burnout, and sickness absence were analyzed with multiple regression model or multiple logistic regression model, adjusted age and gender using SAS version 9.3. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the COPSOQ-K scales and Korean job stress and its subdomain were identified. Results: Cronbach`s of COPSOQ-K scales was adequate or good (0.66~0.87). The major COPSOQ-K scales predict job satisfaction, self-rated health, stress, sleeping troubles burnout, and sickness absence. The major COPSOQ-K scales were correlated with Korean job stress and its subdomain. Conclusion: The COPSOQ-K scales have satisfactory reliability and criteria-related validity. The COPSOQ-K scales will be useful for the future studies and practices associated with psychosocial working environment.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sydkorea

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.5807/kjohn.2013.22.1.1

Referens

June, K. J., Choi, E. S. (2013). Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of the Copenhagen Psyco-social Questionnaire Scale. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 22 (1), S. 1–12.

Risk for low back pain from different frequencies, load mass and trunk postures of lifting and carrying among female healthcare workers

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate the risk of developing non-chronic and chronic low back pain (LBP) from frequency, load mass and trunk postures of occupational lifting and carrying among female healthcare workers. Methods: A total of 9,847 workers in eldercare answered a questionnaire about occupational lifting and carrying frequency (rarely, occasionally and frequently), load mass (low: 1-7 kg, moderate: 8-30 kg and heavy: >30 kg), trunk posture (upright or forward bent back), and days with LBP in 2005. The odds ratio (OR) for developing non-chronic (1-30 days the last 12 months) and chronic (>30 days the last 12 months) LBP reported in 2006 from these characteristics of occupational lifting and carrying was investigated with multi-adjusted logistic regressions among female healthcare workers without LBP in 2005 (n = 1,612). Results: Frequently lifting and carrying low load mass with forward bent back doubled the risk for developing chronic LBP (OR: 2.14; 95 % CI: 1.02-4.50). Occasionally and frequently lifting or carrying of any load mass with upright back did not increase the risk for chronic LBP. Lifting and carrying did not increase the risk for non-chronic LBP. Conclusions: Preventive initiatives for LBP among healthcare workers ought to pay attention to frequent lifting and carrying of low load mass with forward bent back.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0781-5

Referens

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Andersen, L. L. (2013). Risk for low back pain from different frequencies, load mass and trunk postures of lifting and carrying among female healthcare workers. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86 (4), S. 463–470.

Does occupational lifting and carrying among female health care workers contribute to an escalation of pain-day frequency?

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate if different frequencies, loads and trunk postures of occupational lifting and carrying increases the risk of sub-chronic (1-30 days last 12 months) low back pain (LBP) to become persistent (>30 days last 12 months) among female health care workers. Methods: Female health care workers answered a questionnaire about occupational lifting or carrying frequency (rarely, occasionally and frequently), load (low: 1-7 kg, moderate: 8-30 kg and heavy: >30 kg) and trunk posture (upright or forward bent back), and days with LBP in 2005 and 2006. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for developing persistent LBP in 2006 from these characteristics of occupational lifting and carrying was investigated with multi-adjusted logistic regressions among female health care workers with sub-chronic LBP (n = 2381) in 2005. Among health care workers with sub-chronic LBP, increased risk of persistent LBP was found from frequently lifting or carrying with forward bent back of moderate loads (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.15-2.33) and heavy loads (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.04-2.34). No increased risk for LBP to develop into a persistent condition was found for frequent lifting with upright back, frequent lifting or carrying of light loads, or occasionally lifting or carrying of any loads. Conclusions: Preventive initiatives for sub-chronic LBP to develop into a persistent condition ought to focus on reducing frequent lifting and carrying of moderate and heavy loads with forward bent back.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00175.x

Referens

Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Aust, B., Mortensen, O. S., Andersen, L. L. (2013). Does occupational lifting and carrying among female health care workers contribute to an escalation of pain-day frequency?. European journal of pain (London, England), 17 (2), S. 290–296.

Work stress and risk of cancer: meta-analysis of 5700 incident cancer events in 116,000 European men and women

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Theorell, T., Fransson, E. I., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective To investigate whether work related stress, measured and defined as job strain, is associated with the overall risk of cancer and the risk of colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancers. Design Meta-analysis of pooled prospective individual participant data from 12 European cohort studies including 116 056 men and women aged 17-70 who were free from cancer at study baseline and were followed-up for a median of 12 years. Work stress was measured and defined as job strain, which was self reported at baseline. Incident cancers (all n=5765, colorectal cancer n=522, lung cancer n=374, breast cancer n=1010, prostate cancer n=865) were ascertained from cancer, hospital admission, and death registers. Data were analysed in each study with Cox regression and the study specific estimates pooled in meta-analyses. Models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol intake. Results A harmonised measure of work stress, high job strain, was not associated with overall risk of cancer (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.04) in the multivariable adjusted analyses. Similarly, no association was observed between job strain and the risk of colorectal (1.16, 0.90 to 1.48), lung (1.17, 0.88 to 1.54), breast (0.97, 0.82 to 1.14), or prostate (0.86, 0.68 to 1.09) cancers. There was no clear evidence for an association between the categories of job strain and the risk of cancer. Conclusions These findings suggest that work related stress, measured and defined as job strain, at baseline is unlikely to be an important risk factor for colorectal, lung, breast, or prostate cancers.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/bmj.f165

Referens

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Theorell, T., Fransson, E. I., Alfredsson, L., Bjorner, J. B. et al. (2013). Work stress and risk of cancer: meta-analysis of 5700 incident cancer events in 116,000 European men and women. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 346, f165.

Validation of the German version of the Nurse-Work Instability Scale: baseline survey findings of a prospective study of a cohort of geriatric care workers

Harling, M., Schablon, A., Nienhaus, A.,

Sammanfattning

Background: A prospective study of a cohort of nursing staff from nursing homes was undertaken to validate the Nurse-Work Instability Scale (Nurse-WIS). Baseline investigation data was used to test reliability, construct validity and criterion validity. Method: A survey of nursing staff from nursing homes was conducted using a questionnaire containing the Nurse-WIS along with other survey instruments (including SF-12, WAI, SPE). The self-reported number of days’ sick leave taken and if a pension for reduced work capacity was drawn were recorded. The reliability of the scale was checked by item difficulty (P), item discrimination (rjt) and by internal consistency according to Cronbach’s coefficient. The hypotheses for checking construct validity were tested on the basis of correlations. Pearson’s chi-square was used to test concurrent criterion validity; discriminant validity was tested by means of binary logistic regression. Results: 396 persons answered the questionnaire (21.3% response rate). More than 80% were female and mostly work full-time in a rotating shift pattern. Following the test for item discrimination, two items were removed from the Nurse-WIS test. According to Cronbach’s (0.927) the scale provides a high degree of measuring accuracy. All hypotheses and assumptions used to test validity were confirmed: As the Nurse-WIS risk increases, health-related quality of life, work ability and job satisfaction decline. Depressive symptoms and a poor subjective prognosis of earning capacity are also more frequent. Musculoskeletal disorders and impairments of psychological well-being are more frequent. Age also influences the Nurse-WIS result. While 12.0% of those below the age of 35 had an increased risk, the figure for those aged over 55 was 50%. Conclusion: This study is the first validation study of the Nurse-WIS to date. The Nurse-WIS shows good reliability, good validity and a good level of measuring accuracy. It appears to be suitable for recording prevention and rehabilitation needs among health care workers. If, in the follow-up, the Nurse-WIS likewise proves to be a reliable screening instrument with good predictive validity, it could ensure that suitable action is taken at an early stage, thereby helping to counteract early retirement and the anticipated shortage of health care workers.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning, Validering

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1745-6673-8-33

Referens

Harling, M., Schablon, A., Nienhaus, A., (2013). Validation of the German version of the Nurse-Work Instability Scale: baseline survey findings of a prospective study of a cohort of geriatric care workers. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 8 (1), S. 33.

Psychosocial work environment factors and weight change: a prospective study among Danish health care workers

Gram Quist, H., Christensen, U., Christensen, K. B., Aust, B., Borg, V., Bjorner, J. B.

Sammanfattning

Background: Lifestyle variables may serve as important intermediate factors between psychosocial work environment and health outcomes. Previous studies, focussing on work stress models have shown mixed and weak results in relation to weight change. This study aims to investigate psychosocial factors outside the classical work stress models as potential predictors of change in body mass index (BMI) in a population of health care workers. Methods: A cohort study, with three years follow-up, was conducted among Danish health care workers (3982 women and 152 men). Logistic regression analyses examined change in BMI (more than +/− 2 kg/m2) as predicted by baseline psychosocial work factors (work pace, workload, quality of leadership, influence at work, meaning of work, predictability, commitment, role clarity, and role conflicts) and five covariates (age, cohabitation, physical work demands, type of work position and seniority). Results: Among women, high role conflicts predicted weight gain, while high role clarity predicted both weight gain and weight loss. Living alone also predicted weight gain among women, while older age decreased the odds of weight gain. High leadership quality predicted weight loss among men. Associations were generally weak, with the exception of quality of leadership, age, and cohabitation. Conclusion: This study of a single occupational group suggested a few new risk factors for weight change outside the traditional work stress models.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-13-43

Referens

Gram Quist, H., Christensen, U., Christensen, K. B., Aust, B., Borg, V., Bjorner, J. B. (2013). Psychosocial work environment factors and weight change: a prospective study among Danish health care workers. BMC public health, 13, S. 43.

Work-related complaints and diseases of physical therapists - protocol for the establishment of a "Physical Therapist Cohort" (PTC) in Germany

Girbig, M., Deckert, S., Kopkow, C., Latza, U., Dulon, M., Nienhaus, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Only few studies deal with the workload of physical therapists and the health consequences, although this occupational group is quite important for the health care system in many industrialized countries (e.g. ca. 136 000 people are currently employed as physical therapists in Germany). Therefore, the current state of knowledge of work-related diseases and disorders of physical therapists is insufficient. The aim of the "Physical Therapist Cohort" (PTC) study is to analyze the association between work-related exposures and diseases among physical therapists in Germany. This article describes the protocol of the baseline assessment of the PTC study. Methods/Design: A cross-sectional study will be conducted as baseline assessment and will include a representative random sample of approximately 300 physical therapists employed in Germany (exposure group), and a population-based comparison group (n = 300). The comparison group will comprise a sample of working aged (18–65 years) inhabitants of a German city. Variables of interest will be assessed using a questionnaire manual including questions regarding musculoskeletal, dermal, and infectious diseases and disorders as well as psychosocial exposures, diseases and disorders. In addition to subjective measures, a clinical examination will be used to objectify the questionnaire-based results (n = 50). Discussion: The study, which includes extensive data collection, provides a unique opportunity to study the prospective association of work-related exposures and associated complaints of physical therapists. Baseline results will give first clues with regard to whether and how prevalent main exposures of physiotherapeutic work and typical work areas of physical therapists are associated with the development of work-related diseases. Thereby, this baseline assessment provides the basis for further investigations to examine causal relationships in accordance with a longitudinal design.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Fysioterapeuter

DOI

10.1186/1745-6673-8-34

Referens

Girbig, M., Deckert, S., Kopkow, C., Latza, U., Dulon, M., Nienhaus, A. et al. (2013). Work-related complaints and diseases of physical therapists - protocol for the establishment of a "Physical Therapist Cohort" (PTC) in Germany. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 8 (1), S. 34.

Work-related Stress and Urinary Catecholamines among Laboratory Technicians

Ghaddar, A., Omar, K. H., Dokmak, M., Kansour, N. A., Jbara, Z., Laham, S., Ali, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Work-related psychosocial hazards are associated with adverse health outcomes among workers. The association between psychosocial hazards and physiological health outcomes among laboratory technicians has not been studied previously. The objective of this study was to measure the association between work-related psychosocial hazards and the level of urinary catecholamines of laboratory technicians. Methods: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 125 workers in one community in Lebanon (response rate 73%) to measure psychosocial hazards. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine in 24-hour urine samples. Results: Sensorial demands, insecurity at work, influence at work and low possibilities of development were particularly high among the workers. Linear regression analysis showed that sensorial and quantitative demands and low possibilities for development increased the levels of urinary catecholamines. Discussion: The results suggest important policy implications for laboratory administrations regarding improvement of the exposure of workers to sensorial and quantitative demands and low possibilities for development as a way to improve worker health.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Libanon

Yrken

Laboratorietekniker

DOI

10.1539/joh.13-0050-FS

Referens

Ghaddar, A., Omar, K. H., Dokmak, M., Kansour, N. A., Jbara, Z., Laham, S., Ali, S. (2013). Work-related Stress and Urinary Catecholamines among Laboratory Technicians. J Occup Health, 55 (5), S. 398–404.

Exposure to disturbing noise and risk of long-term sickness absence among office workers: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes

Clausen, T., Kristiansen, J., Hansen, J. V., Pejtersen, J. H., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate the association between selfreported exposure to disturbing noise and risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) for more than two consecutive weeks among office workers. Methods: LTSA was measured using register data that were linked to survey data from 2,883 office workers aged 18–59 who were surveyed in 2005 on exposure to disturbing noise. The risk of LTSA was investigated using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Of the study population, 4.4 % had LTSA in the 1-year follow-up period. Compared to office workers who were ‘rarely or never’ exposed to disturbing noise at work, office workers who reported being ‘frequently’ exposed to disturbing noise had a significantly increased estimated risk of LTSA when adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, and managerial position (HR = 1.90; 95 % CI, 1.12–3.22). After additional adjustment for psychosocial work conditions, the estimated risk of LTSA for office workers who were frequently exposed to disturbing noise became marginally insignificant (HR = 1.73; 95 % CI, 0.99–3.01). A subgroup analysis showed that women who reported being frequently exposed to disturbing noise had a significantly increased estimated risk of LTSA (HR = 1.94; 95 % CI, 1.04–3.64), whereas the corresponding risk for men was insignificant (HR = 1.28; 95 % CI, 0.37–4.41). Conclusions: This study indicates that frequent selfreported exposure to disturbing noise at work is associated with increased risk of LTSA among office workers and that this association may be stronger for women than for men.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0810-4

Referens

Clausen, T., Kristiansen, J., Hansen, J. V., Pejtersen, J. H., Burr, H. (2013). Exposure to disturbing noise and risk of long-term sickness absence among office workers: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86 (7), S. 729–734.

Does psychological well-being mediate the association between experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and turnover among care workers? A longitudinal analysis

Clausen, T., Hogh, A., Carneiro, I. G., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To investigate whether the psychological well-being of care workers in the Danish eldercare services mediated the association between experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and actual turnover. Background: Research suggests that experiences of acts of offensive behaviour are associated with risk of turnover. However, little is known about the longitudinal associations between experiences of different types of offensive behaviour (threats, violence, bullying, and unwanted sexual attention) and risk of actual turnover. Design: A prospective cohort study. Methods: The study was conducted among employees in the eldercare services in Denmark. Employees aged 55 or more and non-care staff were excluded from the study. Employees who were working in eldercare at baseline (2005) and no longer worked in eldercare at follow-up (2006) were interviewed through questionnaires. Respondents to this questionnaire were coded as cases of turnover (N = 608) and were compared with employees who had not changed jobs during follow-up (N = 4330). Data on experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and well-being were measured at baseline. Data were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Frequent and occasional experiences of bullying and threats and occasional experiences of unwanted sexual attention at baseline entailed a significantly increased risk of turnover at follow-up. Further analyses showed that psychological well-being significantly reduced the risk of turnover and that well-being partially mediated the association between bullying and turnover and fully mediated the association between threats, unwanted sexual attention, and turnover. Conclusion: Prevention of threats, unwanted sexual attention and - especially - bullying may contribute towards improving well-being and reducing turnover among eldercare staff.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2012.06121.x

Referens

Clausen, T., Hogh, A., Carneiro, I. G., Borg, V. (2013). Does psychological well-being mediate the association between experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and turnover among care workers? A longitudinal analysis. Journal of advanced nursing, 69 (6), S. 1301–1313.

The influence of age on the distribution of self-rated health, burnout and their associations with psychosocial work conditions

Cheng, Y., Chen, I-S., Chen, C.-J., Burr, H. & Hasselhorn, H.M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: Self-rated health (SRH) and burnout are commonly used health indicators. This study was designed to examine the age-specific patterns of SRH and burnout and their correlations with self-reported disease symptoms, and to investigate the moderating effects of age on the associations of psychosocial work conditions with these two health measures. Methods: Study subjects were 20,454 male and 16,875 female employees from 2 representative surveys conducted in 2007 and 2010 in Taiwan. SRH was assessed by a single item and burnout was assessed by the general burnout subscale of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Psychosocial work conditions including working hours, psychological and physical job demands, job control, job insecurity and workplace justice were assessed by a validated questionnaire. Results: Older workers were at higher risk for poor SRH which was correlated with the presence of multiple disease symptoms. In contrast, employees aged 30-40 years had higher burnout which was strongly correlated with emotional disturbance. Among all the examined work factors, low workplace justice was found to be the most predominant predictor for poor SRH and high burnout, and the associations were more profound in younger workers than in older workers. Conclusion: SRH and burnout were differentially related to age, and there were evidences of moderating effects of age on the associations between psychosocial work conditions and health. Researchers and health practitioners should pay attention to the influence of age when using the measures of SRH and burnout as indicators to detect health risk in association with adverse psychosocial work conditions.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.12.017

Referens

Cheng, Y., Chen, I-S., Chen, C.-J., Burr, H. & Hasselhorn, H.M. (2013). The influence of age on the distribution of self-rated health, burnout and their associations with psychosocial work conditions. Journal of psychosomatic research, 74 (3), S. 213–220.

The psychosocial work environment among physicians employed at Danish oncology departments in 2009. A nationwide cross-sectional study

Andreassen, C. N., Eriksen, J. G.

Sammanfattning

Working as a physician at an oncology department has some distinctive characteristics that may lead to a stressful work environment. The present study was conducted to provide a nationwide description of the work conditions of all oncologists in Denmark. By comparing the results of the present study with those of a similar study carried out in 2006, the aim was furthermore to elucidate changes in the psychosocial work environment over time. Material and methods. From May to September 2009, 330 physicians employed at six oncology centres and seven community based oncology departments were invited to participate in a survey based on the short version of the COPSOQ II questionnaire. The results were compared with data from a representative section of Danish employees and with data from the 2006 survey. Results. Two hundred and twenty of the 330 invited physicians returned the questionnaire (response rate 67%). Concerning the aspects quantitative demands, work pace, emotional demands, influence, burnout and stress, the oncologists reported worse work conditions than the average Danish employee. However, with regard to possibilities for development, meaning of work and commitment to workplace, the oncologists reported better work conditions. Between 2006 and 2009, substantial improvement was seen concerning several of the assessed work environment aspects within the group of young physicians at the oncology centres. Conclusion. Though substantial improvement of the work conditions has been achieved between 2006 and 2009, certain aspects of the psychosocial work environment at Danish oncology departments still require attention.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.3109/0284186X.2012.702926

Referens

Andreassen, C. N., Eriksen, J. G. (2013). The psychosocial work environment among physicians employed at Danish oncology departments in 2009. A nationwide cross-sectional study. Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden), 52 (1), S. 138–146.

Perceived physical exertion during healthcare work and risk of chronic pain in different body regions: prospective cohort study

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Persson, R., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To estimate the risk of developing chronic musculoskeletal pain in different body regions from varying degrees of perceived physical exertion during healthcare work. Methods: Prospective cohort study among 4,977 Danish female healthcare workers responding to a baseline and follow-up questionnaire in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Using multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis, the risk of developing chronic pain (>30 days last year) at follow-up in the low back, neck/shoulder, and knees-among those without pain (0 days last year) in these respective body regions at baseline-from moderate and strenuous (reference: light) perceived physical exertion during healthcare work was modeled. Results: Adjusted for age, BMI, tenure, smoking status, and leisure physical activity, strenuous perceived physical exertion during healthcare work increased the risk of chronic low back pain (OR 3.16, 95 % CI 1.79-5.57) and chronic knee pain (OR 1.87, 95 % CI 1.19-2.94) at follow-up among those without pain in these respective body regions at baseline. With additional adjustment for psychosocial work conditions, only the risk of developing chronic low back pain from strenuous physical exertion remained significant (OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.02-3.88). Strenuous physical exertion was not a risk factor for chronic neck pain, and moderate physical exertion was not a risk factor for chronic pain in any of the body regions. Conclusion: Strenuous perceived physical exertion during healthcare work is a risk factor especially for developing chronic pain in the low back. The possible preventive effect of reducing strenuous physical exertion should be tested in randomized controlled trials.

År

2013

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0808-y

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Persson, R., Holtermann, A. (2013). Perceived physical exertion during healthcare work and risk of chronic pain in different body regions: prospective cohort study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86 (6), S. 681–687.

Client-related work tasks and meaning of work: results from a longitudinal study among eldercare workers in Denmark

Tufte, P., Clausen, T., Nabe-Nielsen, K.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate the association between the perception of client-related work tasks and the experience of meaning of work among eldercare workers in the Danish eldercare sector. Methods: We used baseline and follow-up questionnaire data from 3,985 female eldercare workers. The eldercare workers' perception of the client-related work tasks was measured by six items. Meaning of work was measured by a three-item scale. General linear modelling was used to investigate the association between the client-related work tasks at baseline and experience of meaning of work at follow-up adjusted for job title, type of workplace, and age. Results: When care workers experience to have time to be flexible in the care provision and to be able to talk and socialize with the elderly, they are significantly more likely to experience meaning of work at follow-up than care workers who occasionally or rarely have this experience. Care workers who frequently experience to have to end a visit prematurely are significantly less likely to experience meaning of work at follow-up than care workers who rarely experience this. Experiences of having time to perform other than pre-planned tasks and to have insufficient time have little impact on experience of meaning of work at follow-up. Conclusion: This study indicates that to enhance the experience of meaning of work among eldercare workers, improvements of the relational aspects of care work, i.e. the possibilities to talk, socialize, and involve the elderly in the care provision, should be considered.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0692-x

Referens

Tufte, P., Clausen, T., Nabe-Nielsen, K. (2012). Client-related work tasks and meaning of work: results from a longitudinal study among eldercare workers in Denmark. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (5), S. 467–472.

Effects of the Resident Assessment Instrument in home care settings: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial

Stolle, C., Wolter, A., Roth, G., Rothgang, H.

Sammanfattning

Deficits in quality, a lack of professional process management and, most importantly, neglect of outcome quality are criticized in long-term care. A cluster randomized, controlled trial was conducted to assess whether the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) can help to improve or stabilize functional abilities (ADL, IADL) and cognitive skills (MMST), improve quality of life (EQ-5D), and reduce institutionalization, thereby, increasing outcome quality. A total of 69 home care services throughout Germany were included and randomized. The treatment group (n=36) received training in RAI and was supported by the research team during the study (13 months). Comparison of mean differences between the treatment and control groups (n=33) showed no significant effect. Although the multilevel regression results show that clients in the treatment group fared better in terms of ADLs and IADLs (smaller decline) and were less likely to move to nursing homes and be hospitalized, none of these effects is significant. The lack of significance might result from the small number of clients included in the study. Moreover, RAI was not fully implemented and even partial implementation required more time than expected.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Hemtjänstpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00391-011-0221-2

Referens

Stolle, C., Wolter, A., Roth, G., Rothgang, H. (2012). Effects of the Resident Assessment Instrument in home care settings: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie, 45 (4), S. 315–322.

Psychosocial workload and stress in the workers' representative

Rabe, M., Giacomuzzi, S., Nubling, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Using a data set of works councils of trade union IG Metal, this paper investigates psychosocial stress and strain on this specific group in comparison to employees working in administration in general (leadership and non-leadership-role) and a national reference value. Methods: For assessing psychosocial work factors on works councils within the sector represented by the trade union IG Metal in Germany, a research by using the German standard version of COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was performed. The instrument includes 87 single items forming 25 aspects of strain and stress. Results from the study group of works councils were compared to those from employees working in administration and to the general population mean (COPSOQ database). Statistical analysis included t-tests, analysis of variance and multiple comparisons of means. To be significant in terms of statistics, p<0.05 (two-tailed) and a minimum deviation of 5 or more points between groups′ mean values identify the relevant values. Results: All in all, 309 works councils from a national survey of the German chemical and metalworking industries took part in the study. 113 were full-time works council members (exempted from the duty to perform their regular work), 196 were voluntary members (acting as employee representatives on an honorary basis alongside their normal duties). Comparison between works councils and employees working in administration (leadership roles (N=1810) and non-leadership roles (N=2970)) and for employees in general (N=35.000) showed unfavourable values for works councils for most scales. Significantly higher values indicating higher strain and stress were found for the scales: emotional demands, work-privacy conflict, role conflicts, mobbing, cognitive stress symptoms and burnout. Unfavourable results were obtained for the aspects: quality of leadership, social support, sense of community and general health. Favourable findings were found on the scales: influence at work, quantity of social relations and the partly positive values for quantitative demands and commitment to the workplace. Conclusion: Compared to the reference groups, works council members perceive the psychosocial demands of working life as more exhausting for the majority of aspects. This allows several conclusions. One reason may be the extended tasks employee representatives face, an other may be that the education of most works council members does not seem appropriate to the high demands of their managerial and executive tasks.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Medarbetarrepresentanter

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-12-909

Referens

Rabe, M., Giacomuzzi, S., Nubling, M. (2012). Psychosocial workload and stress in the workers' representative. BMC public health, 12, S. 909.

Associations between psychosocial work environment and hypertension among non-Western immigrant and Danish cleaners

Olesen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Jorgensen, M. B., Rugulies, R., Rasmussen, C. D. N., Sogaard, K. et al.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Non-Western cleaners have reported better psychosocial work environment but worse health compared with their Danish colleagues. The aim of this study was to compare the association between psychosocial work environment and hypertension among non-Western immigrant cleaners and Danish cleaners. Methods: Two hundred and eighty-five cleaners from nine workplaces in Denmark participated in this cross-sectional study. The cleaners were identified as non-Western immigrants (n = 137) or Danes (n = 148). Blood pressure was measured in a seated position, and psychosocial work environment was assessed by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). In each population, multivariate logistic regressions were applied testing for an association between each of the COPSOQ scales and hypertension. Results: Models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, workplace and physical work exertion showed that high Trust regarding management (OR = 0.50) and high Predictability (OR = 0.63) were statistically significantly associated with low prevalence of hypertension in the Danish population. In the immigrant population, no significant associations were found. Analyses on interaction effects showed that associations between Meaning of work and hypertension were significantly different among the two populations (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Psychosocial work factors were associated with hypertension among Danes, but not among non-Western immigrants. This divergent association between psychosocial work environment and hypertension between Danes and non-Western immigrant cleaners may be explained by different perceptions of psychosocial work environment.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Lokalvårdare

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0728-2

Referens

Olesen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Jorgensen, M. B., Rugulies, R., Rasmussen, C. D. N., Sogaard, K. et al. (2012). Associations between psychosocial work environment and hypertension among non-Western immigrant and Danish cleaners. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (7), S. 829–835.

Psychosocial work environment among immigrant and Danish cleaners

Olesen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Jorgensen, M. B., Flyvholm, M.-A., Rugulies, R., Rasmussen, C. D. N. et al.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Non-Western cleaners have been shown to have poorer health than their Danish colleagues. One reason could be a poorer psychosocial work environment. However, it is unknown if differences in self-reported psychosocial work environment exist between non-Western and Danish workers within the same social class. The aim of this study was to investigate such differences among cleaners with the hypothesis that the non-Western compared with Danish cleaners would report a generally poorer psychosocial work environment. Methods: Two hundred and eighty-five cleaners (148 Danes and 137 non-Western immigrants) from 9 workplaces in Denmark participated in this cross-sectional study. The cleaners' immigrant status was tested for association with psychosocial work environment scales from the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) using ordinal logistic regression. Results: Models adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, workplace, and perceived physical work exertion showed that non-Western cleaners compared with Danish cleaners reported significantly higher scores with regard to Predictability (OR = 3.97), Recognition (OR = 1.92), Quality of Leadership (OR = 1.81), Trust Regarding Management (OR = 1.72), and Justice (OR = 2.14). Conclusions: This study showed that non-Western immigrant cleaners reported a statistically significantly better psychosocial work environment than Danish cleaners on a number of scales. Therefore, the hypothesis of non-Western immigrants reporting worse psychosocial work environment than their Danish colleagues was not supported.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Lokalvårdare

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0642-7

Referens

Olesen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Jorgensen, M. B., Flyvholm, M.-A., Rugulies, R., Rasmussen, C. D. N. et al. (2012). Psychosocial work environment among immigrant and Danish cleaners. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (1), S. 89–95.

The importance of employee participation and perceptions of changes in procedures in a teamworking intervention

Nielsen, K., Randall, R.

Sammanfattning

The powerful positive results of implementing teamwork are not always achieved. It has been suggested that attempts to implement theories regarding teamwork do not always lead to those theories being put into practice, and as a result positive outcomes are not always found. The participation of employees in the development and implementation of an intervention may help to ensure that changes take place. In this longitudinal study (N = 583) of teamwork implementation in Denmark we examined the links between pre-intervention working conditions and well-being, levels of participation in planning and implementation, employees’ reports of changes in procedures, and intervention outcomes. Pre-intervention levels of autonomy and job satisfaction predicted the degree of employee participation in the planning and implementation of the intervention. Pre-intervention well-being and social support were linked directly to the degree to which employees reported changes in existing work practices concerning teamwork. In addition, participation and changes in work procedures were significantly associated with post-intervention autonomy, social support and well-being. The results indicate that employee participation in intervention processes is crucial in what appears to be an important association with perceived changes in procedures and, therefore, in intervention outcomes.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1080/02678373.2012.682721

Referens

Nielsen, K., Randall, R. (2012). The importance of employee participation and perceptions of changes in procedures in a teamworking intervention. Work and stress, 26 (2), S. 91–111.

Does shared and differentiated transformational leadership predict followers' working conditions and well-being?

Nielsen, K., Daniels, K.

Sammanfattning

Transformational leadership has been widely researched and is associated with followers' performance, attitudes, and subjective well-being at the individual level. Less research has focused on transformational leadership as a group phenomenon. In a survey study (425 followers and 56 leaders), we examined how group-level and differentiated transformational leadership shape followers' perceptions of their working conditions and individual subjective well-being. There was stronger evidence that differentiated transformational leadership's relationships with indicators of well-being was mediated by perceptions of working conditions, in that 10 out of 20 tests for mediation using differentiated transformational leadership were significant, compared to just three out of 20 for group-level transformational leadership. The results suggest that transformational leadership needs to be studied as a group phenomenon considering how group-level perceptions may impact on followers' well-being and that leaders need to realize that there is an “I” in groups and addition to a “we” in groups.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Storbritannien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.001

Referens

Nielsen, K., Daniels, K. (2012). Does shared and differentiated transformational leadership predict followers' working conditions and well-being?. The Leadership Quarterly, 23 (3), S. 383–397.

Improving quality of medical treatment and care: are surgeons' working conditions and job satisfaction associated to patient satisfaction?

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Over the last decades, surgeons, researchers, and health administrators have been working hard to define standards for high-quality treatment and care in Surgery departments. However, it is unclear whether patients’ perceptions of medical treatment and care are related and affected by surgeons’ perceptions of their working conditions and job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients’ satisfaction in relation to surgeons’ working conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 120 patients and 109 surgeons working in Surgery hospital departments was performed. Surgeons completed a survey evaluating their working conditions and job satisfaction. Patients assessed quality of medical care and treatment and their satisfaction with being a patient in this department. Results: Seventy percent of the patients were satisfied with performed surgeries and services in their department. Surgeons’ job satisfaction and working conditions rated with moderate scores. Bivariate analyses showed correlations between patients’ satisfaction and surgeons’ job satisfaction and working conditions. Strongest correlations were found between kindness of medical staff, treatment outcome and overall patient satisfaction. Conclusion: This study demonstrates strong associations between surgeons’ working conditions and patient satisfaction. Based on these findings, hospital managements should improve work organization, workload, and job resources to not only improve surgeons’ job satisfaction but also quality of medical treatment and patient satisfaction in Surgery departments.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Kirurger

DOI

10.1007/s00423-012-0963-3

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A. (2012). Improving quality of medical treatment and care: are surgeons' working conditions and job satisfaction associated to patient satisfaction?. Langenbeck's archives of surgery, 397 (6), S. 973–982.

Job strain as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. A collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data

Kivimäki, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Fransson, E. I., Heikkilä, K., Alfredsson, L. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Published work assessing psychosocial stress (job strain) as a risk factor for coronary heart disease is inconsistent and subject to publication bias and reverse causation bias. We analysed the relation between job strain and coronary heart disease with a meta-analysis of published and unpublished studies. Methods: We used individual records from 13 European cohort studies (1985–2006) of men and women without coronary heart disease who were employed at time of baseline assessment. We measured job strain with questions from validated job-content and demand-control questionnaires. We extracted data in two stages such that acquisition and harmonisation of job strain measure and covariables occurred before linkage to records for coronary heart disease. We defined incident coronary heart disease as the first non-fatal myocardial infarction or coronary death. Findings: 30 214 (15%) of 197 473 participants reported job strain. In 1·49 million person-years at risk (mean follow-up 7·5 years [SD 1·7]), we recorded 2358 events of incident coronary heart disease. After adjustment for sex and age, the hazard ratio for job strain versus no job strain was 1·23 (95% CI 1·10–1·37). This effect estimate was higher in published (1·43, 1·15–1·77) than unpublished (1·16, 1·02–1·32) studies. Hazard ratios were likewise raised in analyses addressing reverse causality by exclusion of events of coronary heart disease that occurred in the first 3 years (1·31, 1·15–1·48) and 5 years (1·30, 1·13–1·50) of follow-up. We noted an association between job strain and coronary heart disease for sex, age groups, socioeconomic strata, and region, and after adjustments for socioeconomic status, and lifestyle and conventional risk factors. The population attributable risk for job strain was 3·4%. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that prevention of workplace stress might decrease disease incidence; however, this strategy would have a much smaller effect than would tackling of standard risk factors, such as smoking.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60994-5

Referens

Kivimäki, M., Nyberg, S. T., Batty, G. D., Fransson, E. I., Heikkilä, K., Alfredsson, L. et al. (2012). Job strain as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. A collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data. The Lancet, 380 (9852), S. 1491–1497.

Comparison between the first and second versions of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire: psychosocial risk factors for a high need for recovery after work

Kiss, P., Meester, M. De., Kruse, A., Chavee, B., Braeckman, L.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ I) was developed as a tool to assess a broad range of psychosocial work environment factors and was recently revised (COPSOQ II). The research question in this study was: Do COPSOQ II-scales predict a high need for recovery (NFR) after work better than COPSOQ I-scales? Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted in 990 subjects (84.5% response), employed in the public sector. Psychosocial factors were assessed by COPSOQ I and COPSOQ II. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios for the presence of a high NFR, controlled for gender, age, physical workload and other relevant occupational and non-occupational factors. Analyses were performed for COPSOQ I and COPSOQ II separately. Results: In both COPSOQ versions, 'quantitative demands' (p < 0.001) and 'job insecurity' (p < 0.005) were significantly associated with a high NFR. Additionally, in the COPSOQ I model, 'demands for hiding emotions' (p < 0.05) and 'degrees of freedom' (p < 0.05), and in the COPSOQ II model 'emotional demands' (p < 0.05) and 'commitment to the workplace' (p < 0.005) were significant as well. 'Degrees of freedom' was omitted by the developers in the revised COPSOQ II. Reintroducing it into the COPSOQ II model did not alter the existing associations, but pointed out 'degrees of freedom' to be an additional important dimension (p < 0.05). The COPSOQ II model with 'degrees of freedom' included also had the best data fit. Conclusions: The results suggested the COPSOQ II to be better predictive than COPSOQ I for a high NFR, but also indicated that 'degrees of freedom' should be included into the COPSOQ II when studying the NFR as outcome parameter.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1007/s00420-012-0741-0

Referens

Kiss, P., Meester, M. De., Kruse, A., Chavee, B., Braeckman, L. (2012). Comparison between the first and second versions of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire: psychosocial risk factors for a high need for recovery after work. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 86, S. 17.

The greatest risk for low-back pain among newly educated female health care workers; body weight or physical work load?

Jensen, J. N., Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Mortensen, O. S., Carneiro, I. G., Andersen, L. L.

Sammanfattning

Background: Low back pain (LBP) represents a major socioeconomic burden for the Western societies. Both life-style and work-related factors may cause low back pain. Prospective cohort studies assessing risk factors among individuals without prior history of low back pain are lacking. This aim of this study was to determine risk factors for developing low back pain (LBP) among health care workers. Methods: Prospective cohort study with 2,235 newly educated female health care workers without prior history of LBP. Risk factors and incidence of LBP were assessed at one and two years after graduation. Results: Multinomial logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, smoking, and psychosocial factors showed that workers with high physical work load had higher risk for developing LBP than workers with low physical work load (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1–2.8). In contrast, workers with high BMI were not at a higher risk for developing LBP than workers with a normal BMI. Conclusion: Preventive initiatives for LBP among health care workers ought to focus on reducing high physical work loads rather than lowering excessive body weight.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1186/1471-2474-13-87

Referens

Jensen, J. N., Holtermann, A., Clausen, T., Mortensen, O. S., Carneiro, I. G., Andersen, L. L. (2012). The greatest risk for low-back pain among newly educated female health care workers; body weight or physical work load?. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 13, S. 87.

A cross-sectional study of psychosocial work environment and stress in the Danish symphony orchestras

Holst, G. J., Paarup, H. M., Baelum, J.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate psychosocial work environment and stress in Danish symphony orchestra musicians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of psychosocial work factors and stress symptoms among 441 musicians in six Danish symphony orchestras. The response rate was 78% (n = 342). The questions were from COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). Mean values of 19 COPSOQ-scales were compared by gender and instrument group. The results for the musicians were compared with results for the general Danish work force (COPSOQ database). Results: Female musicians reported higher work demands and higher stress symptoms than their male colleagues. Between instrument groups, 2nd violinists seemed to be of particular risk compared with the other instrumental groups in aspects of work pace, work organization, and content, whereas 1st violinists perceived higher emotional stress compared with 2nd violinists. The musicians' experience of increased work demands as well as deteriorated, work organization and job content, interpersonal relations and leadership, and work-individual interface was significantly associated with increasing stress symptoms. Compared to the general workforce independently of gender, Danish symphony orchestra musicians reported higher emotional demands, lower influence, lower social support, lower sense of community, and lower job satisfaction. However, the musicians reported a higher commitment to the workplace. Conclusions: The findings indicate a more demanding psychosocial work environment exposure among symphony orchestra musicians than among Danish workers in general. Critical results are the relatively high work demands, low influence, and low social support, females being of higher risk than males.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Musiker

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0710-z

Referens

Holst, G. J., Paarup, H. M., Baelum, J. (2012). A cross-sectional study of psychosocial work environment and stress in the Danish symphony orchestras. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (6), S. 639–649.

Job strain and tobacco smoking: an individual-participant data meta-analysis of 166,130 adults in 15 European studies

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Fransson, E. I., Alfredsson, L., Bacquer, D. De., Bjorner, J. B., Bonenfant, S. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Tobacco smoking is a major contributor to the public health burden and healthcare costs worldwide, but the determinants of smoking behaviours are poorly understood. We conducted a large individual-participant meta-analysis to examine the extent to which work-related stress, operationalised as job strain, is associated with tobacco smoking in working adults. Methodology And Principal Findings: We analysed cross-sectional data from 15 European studies comprising 166,130 participants. Longitudinal data from six studies were used. Job strain and smoking were self-reported. Smoking was harmonised into three categories never, ex- and current. We modelled the cross-sectional associations using logistic regression and the results pooled in random effects meta-analyses. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to examine longitudinal associations. Of the 166,130 participants, 17% reported job strain, 42% were never smokers, 33% ex-smokers and 25% current smokers. In the analyses of the cross-sectional data, current smokers had higher odds of job strain than never-smokers (age, sex and socioeconomic position-adjusted odds ratio: 1.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.18). Current smokers with job strain smoked, on average, three cigarettes per week more than current smokers without job strain. In the analyses of longitudinal data (1 to 9 years of follow-up), there was no clear evidence for longitudinal associations between job strain and taking up or quitting smoking. Conclusions: Our findings show that smokers are slightly more likely than non-smokers to report work-related stress. In addition, smokers who reported work stress smoked, on average, slightly more cigarettes than stress-free smokers.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0035463

Referens

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Fransson, E. I., Alfredsson, L., Bacquer, D. De., Bjorner, J. B., Bonenfant, S. et al. (2012). Job strain and tobacco smoking: an individual-participant data meta-analysis of 166,130 adults in 15 European studies. PloS one, 7 (7), e35463.

Job strain and alcohol intake: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual-participant data from 140,000 men and women

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Alfredsson, L., Bacquer, D. de, Bjorner, J.B., Bonenfant, S., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Clays, E., Casini, A., Dragano, N., Erbel, R., Geuskens, G.A., Goldberg, M., Hooftman, W.E., Houtman, I.L., Joensuu, M., Jockel, K.-H., Kittel, F., Knutsson, A., Koskenvuo, M., Koskinen, A., Kouvonen, A., Leineweber, C., Lunau, T., Madsen, I.E.H., Magnusson Hanson, L.L., Marmot, M.G., Nielsen, M.L., Nordin, M., Pentti, J., Salo, P., Rugulies, R., Steptoe, A., Siegrist, J., Suominen, S., Vahtera, J., Virtanen, M., Vaananen, A., Westerholm, P., Westerlund, H., Zins, M., Theorell, T., Hamer, M., Ferrie, J.E., Singh-Manoux, A., Batty, G.D., Kivimaki, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: The relationship between work-related stress and alcohol intake is uncertain. In order to add to the thus far inconsistent evidence from relatively small studies, we conducted individual-participant meta-analyses of the association between work-related stress (operationalised as self-reported job strain) and alcohol intake. Methodology and Principal Findings: We analysed cross-sectional data from 12 European studies (n = 142 140) and longitudinal data from four studies (n = 48 646). Job strain and alcohol intake were self-reported. Job strain was analysed as a binary variable (strain vs. no strain). Alcohol intake was harmonised into the following categories: none, moderate (women: 1–14, men: 1–21 drinks/week), intermediate (women: 15–20, men: 22–27 drinks/week) and heavy (women: >20, men: >27 drinks/week). Cross-sectional associations were modelled using logistic regression and the results pooled in random effects meta-analyses. Longitudinal associations were examined using mixed effects logistic and modified Poisson regression. Compared to moderate drinkers, non-drinkers and (random effects odds ratio (OR): 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.14) and heavy drinkers (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.26) had higher odds of job strain. Intermediate drinkers, on the other hand, had lower odds of job strain (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.99). We found no clear evidence for longitudinal associations between job strain and alcohol intake. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that compared to moderate drinkers, non-drinkers and heavy drinkers are more likely and intermediate drinkers less likely to report work-related stress.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1371/journal.pone.0040101

Referens

Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S.T., Fransson, E.I., Alfredsson, L., Bacquer, D. de, Bjorner, J.B., Bonenfant, S., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Clays, E., Casini, A., Dragano, N., Erbel, R., Geuskens, G.A., Goldberg, M., Hooftman, W.E., Houtman, I.L., Joensuu, M., Jockel, K.-H., Kittel, F., Knutsson, A., Koskenvuo, M., Koskinen, A., Kouvonen, A., Leineweber, C., Lunau, T., Madsen, I.E.H., Magnusson Hanson, L.L., Marmot, M.G., Nielsen, M.L., Nordin, M., Pentti, J., Salo, P., Rugulies, R., Steptoe, A., Siegrist, J., Suominen, S., Vahtera, J., Virtanen, M., Vaananen, A., Westerholm, P., Westerlund, H., Zins, M., Theorell, T., Hamer, M., Ferrie, J.E., Singh-Manoux, A., Batty, G.D., Kivimaki, M. (2012). Job strain and alcohol intake: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual-participant data from 140,000 men and women. PloS one, 7 (7), e40101.

Physical and psychosocial work environment factors and their association with health outcomes in Danish ambulance personnel - a cross-sectional study

Hansen, C. D., Rasmussen, K., Kyed, M., Nielsen, K. J., Andersen, J. H.

Sammanfattning

Background: Reviews of the literature on the health and work environment of ambulance personnel have indicated an increased risk of work-related health problems in this occupation. The aim of this study was to compare health status and exposure to different work environmental factors among ambulance personnel and the core work force in Denmark. In addition, to examine the association between physical and psychosocial work environment factors and different measures of health among ambulance personnel. Methods: Data were taken from a nationwide sample of ambulance personnel and fire fighters (n = 1,691) and was compared to reference samples of the Danish work force. The questionnaire contained measures of physical and psychosocial work environment as well as measures of musculoskeletal pain, mental health, self-rated health and sleep quality. Results: Ambulance personnel have half the prevalence of poor self-rated health compared to the core work force (5% vs. 10%). Levels of mental health were the same across the two samples whereas a substantially higher proportion of the ambulance personnel reported musculoskeletal pain (42% vs. 29%). The ambulance personnel had higher levels of emotional demands and meaningfulness of and commitment to work, and substantially lower levels of quantitative demands and influence at work. Only one out of ten aspects of physical work environment was consistently associated with higher levels of musculoskeletal pain. Emotional demands was the only psychosocial work factor that was associated with both poorer mental health and worse sleep quality. Conclusions: Ambulance personnel have similar levels of mental health but substantially higher levels of musculoskeletal pain than the work force in general. They are more exposed to emotional demands and these demands are associated with higher levels of poor mental health and poor sleep quality. To improve work environment, attention should be paid to musculoskeletal problems and the presence of positive organizational support mechanisms that can prevent negative effects from the high levels of emotional demands.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Ambulanspersonal, Brandmän

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-12-534

Referens

Hansen, C. D., Rasmussen, K., Kyed, M., Nielsen, K. J., Andersen, J. H. (2012). Physical and psychosocial work environment factors and their association with health outcomes in Danish ambulance personnel - a cross-sectional study. BMC public health, 12, S. 534.

Psychosocial risk at work, self-perceived stress, and salivary cortisol level in a sample of emergency physicians in Granada

González Cabrera, J., Fernández Prada, M., Molina Ruano, R., Blázquez, A., Guillén Solvas, J., Peinado, J. M.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: 1) To describe psychosocial risks, stable disposition to feel stress, and salivary cortisol levels in a sample of emergency physicians in Granada, Spain; 2) to explore bivariate associations between the aforementioned factors; and 3) to analyze the results by gender. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 32 physicians working at the emergency departments of 2 hospitals in Granada. Occupational psychosocial risk and perceived stress level were assessed with the ISTAS-21 instrument (validated Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (trait scale; STAI-T). Salivary cortisol (Salivette) was also measured as a biochemical marker of stress at 3 moments during a work shift. Results: The emergency physicians reported psychosocial risk factors, particularly high demand on psychological resources and low job control. The stress levels in the male physicians were significantly higher than in the general population (P<.017). Cortisol levels were within the normal range. On bivariate analysis, no associations were found between ISTAS-21 findings, STAI-T scores, and cortisol levels. Conclusions: Emergency physicians are in a potentially harmful working situation, although we detected no effect on cortisol as a biochemical marker of stress.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Granada

Yrken

Läkare

Referens

González Cabrera, J., Fernández Prada, M., Molina Ruano, R., Blázquez, A., Guillén Solvas, J., Peinado, J. M. (2012). Psychosocial risk at work, self-perceived stress, and salivary cortisol level in a sample of emergency physicians in Granada. Emergencias, 24, S. 101–106.

Job strain as a risk factor for leisure-time physical inactivity: an individual-participant meta-analysis of up to 170,000 men and women: the IPD-Work Consortium

Fransson, E. I., Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Zins, M., Westerlund, H., Westerholm, P., et al.

Sammanfattning

Unfavorable work characteristics, such as low job control and too high or too low job demands, have been suggested to increase the likelihood of physical inactivity during leisure time, but this has not been verified in large-scale studies. The authors combined individual-level data from 14 European cohort studies (baseline years from 1985–1988 to 2006–2008) to examine the association between unfavorable work characteristics and leisure-time physical inactivity in a total of 170,162 employees (50% women; mean age, 43.5 years). Of these employees, 56,735 were reexamined after 2–9 years. In cross-sectional analyses, the odds for physical inactivity were 26% higher (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval: 1.15, 1.38) for employees with high-strain jobs (low control/high demands) and 21% higher (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.11, 1.31) for those with passive jobs (low control/low demands) compared with employees in low-strain jobs (high control/low demands). In prospective analyses restricted to physically active participants, the odds of becoming physically inactive during follow-up were 21% and 20% higher for those with high-strain (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.11, 1.32) and passive (odds ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.11, 1.30) jobs at baseline. These data suggest that unfavorable work characteristics may have a spillover effect on leisure-time physical activity.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/aje/kws336

Referens

Fransson, E. I., Heikkila, K., Nyberg, S. T., Zins, M., Westerlund, H., Westerholm, P., et al. (2012). Job strain as a risk factor for leisure-time physical inactivity: an individual-participant meta-analysis of up to 170,000 men and women: the IPD-Work Consortium. American journal of epidemiology, 176 (12), S. 1078–1089.

Psychosocial factor exposures in the workplace: differences between immigrants and Spaniards

Font, A., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Benavides, F. G.

Sammanfattning

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyse psychosocial factor exposures in the workplace for immigrant workers in Spain and identify differences in exposure at work between immigrants and Spaniards. Methods: A multi-stage sample was taken by conglomerates (final sample size: 7555 workers). The information was obtained in 2004 and 2005 using a standardized questionnaire administered by interviewing participants in their homes. The analysis focused on eight psychosocial factors. For quantitative demands and insecurity, the exposure was defined according to the higher third, and for the others, the exposure was defined according to the lower third. The prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) for unfavourable psychosocial factor, both crude and adjusted, were calculated using log binomial models. Results: Those with highest prevalence of unfavourable psychosocial factor were immigrant manual workers, particularly in low possibilities for development (PR = 2.87; 95% CI 2.44–3.73), and immigrant women, particularly in low control over working times (PR = 1.72; 95% CI 1.55–1.91). Conclusions: Immigrant workers with manual jobs and immigrant women are the groups most exposed to psychosocial factor. In efforts to prevent these exposures, these inequalities should be taken into account.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckr169

Referens

Font, A., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Benavides, F. G. (2012). Psychosocial factor exposures in the workplace: differences between immigrants and Spaniards. European journal of public health, 22 (5), S. 688–693.

The relationship between immigration and mental health: what is the role of workplace psychosocial factors

Font, A., Moncada, S., Benavides, F. G.

Sammanfattning

This article draws on an exploratory study of the experiences of precarious status migrants in their attempts to access healthcare. We surveyed 211 men and women migrants and did 31 semi-structured follow-up interviews. For the purposes of this article, we report on the 78 respondents who were either recruited to Canada specifically as workers (temporary foreign workers) or who had no access to income support and were therefore likely to be working (undocumented workers). We begin the article with an overview of the literature linking migration status to difficult healthcare access and higher risk of OHS problems. After presenting our methods, we turn to the results, outlining how migrant workers are using a combination of social networks, Quebec professionals and transnational healthcare connections to address their health concerns. Our findings offer insight to OHS professionals seeking to understand the differential outcomes for immigrants faced with workplace accidents or illnesses. Can difficult access to healthcare become a barrier to full recourse in cases of workplace injury or illness among migrant workers?

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kanada

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0724-6

Referens

Font, A., Moncada, S., Benavides, F. G. (2012). The relationship between immigration and mental health: what is the role of workplace psychosocial factors. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (7), S. 801–806.

Psychosocial risk assessment: French validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ)

Dupret, E., Bocerean, C., Teherani, M., Feltrin, M., Pejtersen, J. H.

Sammanfattning

Aims: This study presents a French version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and analyses its psychometric properties for the purpose of validation. The questionnaire assesses psychosocial risk factors at work. The French questionnaire (derived from the Danish short version) is composed of 32 items grouped into 17 scales measuring five domains and eight additional questions assessing aggressive behaviour at work. Method: The questionnaire was administered to 935 employees of a large firm in the Parisian area. Results: All psychometric analyses performed (internal consistency of the scales, exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity analysis) gave satisfactory results and demonstrated the validity of the French COPSOQ. Conclusions: A new questionnaire is now available in French. A large body of data is currently being gathered in view of comparing occupations and types of firms using this new instrument.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Frankrike

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494812453888

Referens

Dupret, E., Bocerean, C., Teherani, M., Feltrin, M., Pejtersen, J. H. (2012). Psychosocial risk assessment: French validation of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Scandinavian journal of public health, 40 (5), S. 482–490.

Partner relationships and long-term sick leave among female workers: consequences and impact on dimensions of health and return to work

Dellve, L., Ahlborg, T.

Sammanfattning

Few efforts have been made to prospectively identify resources and obstacles outside work that may predict regained work ability and return to work when workers are on sick leave. This study investigates the association between partner relationships and sick leave. Our research questions were as follows: (i) What is the influence of sick leave, pain, stress and domestic strain on the quality of the dyadic partner relationship?, and (ii) What is the influence of the partner and social relationship on pain, stress, work ability, self-rated health and return to work? A cohort of female workers (n = 225) on long-term sick leave (>60 days), all in a partner relationship, at 6-month intervals completed a questionnaire based on the Quality of Dyadic Relationship (QDR) instrument, the Interview Schedule of Social Interaction (ISSI), the Work Ability Index (WAI) and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Univariate and multivariate analyses of baseline and prospective data were performed. The results showed that decreased partner relationship quality was related to having major responsibility for household work despite being on sick leave, having pain and having decreased social integration. Among younger individuals on sick leave, a reduction in the quality of the partner relationship was shown already at the first (6-month) follow-up, while among middle-aged women, such a reduction was seen only at the 12-month follow-up. No dimensions of partner relationship quality at baseline were related to dimensions of return to work, either as a resource or as an obstacle. Consequently, our results show that a good relationship does not keep the woman from returning to work. Having main responsibility for household work, which implies domestic strain while on sick leave, predicts lower partner relationship quality. The practical implications are that healthcare professionals treating women on sick leave should emphasize the importance of keeping a social network as well as making sufficient adjustments at home for the relationship quality to be safeguarded. Special attention should be given to the young woman on sick leave as being on sick leave seems to influence her partner relationship considerably.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1111/j.1471-6712.2012.00985.x

Referens

Dellve, L., Ahlborg, T. (2012). Partner relationships and long-term sick leave among female workers: consequences and impact on dimensions of health and return to work. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 26 (4), S. 720–729.

Acts of offensive behaviour and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish elder-care services: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes

Clausen, T., Hogh, A., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate associations between acts of offensive behaviour (threats, violence, bullying, and unwanted sexual attention) and risk of long-term sickness absence for eight or more consecutive weeks among female staff in the Danish elder-care services. Methods: These associations were investigated using Cox regression analysis. Data consisted of a merger between Danish survey data collected among 9,520 female employees in the Danish elder-care services and register data on sickness absence compensation. Results: Compared to unexposed employees, employees frequently exposed to threats (HR = 1.52, 95% CI:1.11-2.07), violence (HR = 1.54, 95% CI:1.06-2.25), and bullying (HR = 2.33, 95% CI:1.55-3.51) had significantly increased risk of long-term sickness absence when adjusting for age, job function, tenure, BMI, smoking status, and psychosocial work conditions. When mutually adjusting for the four types of offensive behaviours, only bullying remained significantly associated with risk of long-term sickness absence (HR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.50-3.42). No significant associations were found between unwanted sexual attention and risk for long-term sickness absence. Conclusions: Results indicate that prevention of threats, violence, and bullying may contribute to reduced sickness absence among elder-care staff. The results furthermore suggest that work organizations must be attentive on how to handle and prevent acts of offensive behaviour and support targets of offensive behaviours.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0680-1

Referens

Clausen, T., Hogh, A., Borg, V. (2012). Acts of offensive behaviour and risk of long-term sickness absence in the Danish elder-care services: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (4), S. 381–387.

Job demands, job resources and long-term sickness absence in the Danish eldercare services: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes

Clausen, T., Nielsen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To investigate associations between psychosocial job demands, job resources and cases of registered long-term sickness absence among nursing staff in the eldercare services. Background: Research has shown that psychosocial work environment exposures predict sickness absence in healthcare settings. However, only few studies have longitudinally investigated associations between specific job demands and job resources and risk of long-term sickness absence. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected in 2004 and 2005 among all employees in the eldercare services in 35 Danish municipalities and were followed in a National register on payment of sickness absence compensation for a 1-year follow-up period (N = 7921). Three psychosocial job demands - emotional demands, quantitative demands and role conflicts - and three job resources - influence, quality of leadership and team climate - were investigated to predict risk of sickness absence for eight or more consecutive weeks in the follow-up period. Data were analysed using Cox proportional hazards model. Results: A percentage of 6·5 of the respondents were absent for eight or more consecutive weeks during follow-up. The analyses showed that emotional demands, role conflicts, influence, quality of leadership and team climate were significantly associated with risk of long-term sickness absence. In an analysis with mutual adjustment for all job demands and job resources, influence constituted the strongest predictor of long-term sickness absence (negative association). Conclusions: Job demands and job resources are significantly associated with risk of long-term sickness absence. Interventions aimed at improving the psychosocial work environment may, therefore, contribute towards preventing long-term sickness absence in the eldercare services.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05724.x

Referens

Clausen, T., Nielsen, K., Carneiro, I. G., Borg, V. (2012). Job demands, job resources and long-term sickness absence in the Danish eldercare services: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes. Journal of advanced nursing, 68 (1), S. 127–136.

Sometimes, often, and always: exploring the vague meanings of frequency expressions

Bocklisch, F., Bocklisch, S.F., Krems, J.F.

Sammanfattning

The article describes a general two-step procedure for the numerical translation of vague linguistic terms (LTs). The suggested procedure consists of empirical and model components, including (1) participants' estimates of numerical values corresponding to verbal terms and (2) modeling of the empirical data using fuzzy membership functions (MFs), respectively. The procedure is outlined in two studies for data from N = 89 and N = 109 participants, who were asked to estimate numbers corresponding to 11 verbal frequency expressions (e.g., sometimes). Positions and shapes of the resulting MFs varied considerably in symmetry, vagueness, and overlap and are indicative of the different meanings of the vague frequency expressions. Words were not distributed equidistantly across the numerical scale. This has important implications for the many questionnaires that use verbal rating scales, which consist of frequency expressions and operate on the premise of equidistance. These results are discussed for an exemplar questionnaire (COPSOQ). Furthermore, the variation of the number of prompted LTs (5 vs. 11) showed no influence on the words' interpretations.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Universitetsstuderande

DOI

10.3758/s13428-011-0130-8

Referens

Bocklisch, F., Bocklisch, S.F., Krems, J.F. (2012). Sometimes, often, and always: exploring the vague meanings of frequency expressions. Behavior research methods, 44 (1), S. 144–157.

Iranian nursing staff's self-reported general and mental health related to working conditions and family situation

Arsalani, N., Fallahi-Khoshknab, M., Josephson, M., Lagerstrom, M.

Sammanfattning

Background: There is increasing global evidence that today's work environment results in higher risk of adverse health among nursing staff than among other professions. Aim: To investigate self-reported general and mental health among Iranian nursing staff, and associations with organizational, physical and psychosocial working conditions and family situation. Methods: 520 nursing personnel from 10 university hospitals in Tehran participated in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire in the Persian language, containing the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, physical items from the Nurse Early eXit Study and two scales relating to general health and mental health from the Short Form-36. The Chi-square test with P < 0.05 and logistic regression were used to analyse data. Results: Three out of four nursing staff reported overtime work. The self-reported general and mental health rates of participants were poor/fair (38%, 41%), good (44%, 39%) and very good/excellent (18%, 20%), respectively. Family demands were associated with general health but were not associated with mental health. Adverse physical and psychosocial work conditions gave an elevated odds ratio for poor health. Conclusion: Poor general and mental health was associated with adverse working conditions and family demands. Physical and psychosocial working conditions of nursing personnel should be improved. Social facilities such as daycare for children and care for the elderly should be available during work shifts to help Iranian nurses play their family roles.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Iran

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/j.1466-7657.2012.00987.x

Referens

Arsalani, N., Fallahi-Khoshknab, M., Josephson, M., Lagerstrom, M. (2012). Iranian nursing staff's self-reported general and mental health related to working conditions and family situation. International nursing review, 59 (3), S. 416–423.

Dose-response relation between perceived physical exertion during healthcare work and risk of long-term sickness absence

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Persson, R., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: An imbalance between physical work demands and physical capacity of the worker may be a risk factor for poor health. Perceived physical exertion provides information about the individual perception of the work demands relative to the capacity to perform the work. This study estimates the risk for long-term sickness absence (LTSA) from perceived physical exertion among healthcare workers. Methods: This prospective cohort study comprises 8592 Danish healthcare workers who responded to a baseline questionnaire in 2004–2005 and subsequently were followed for one year in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization (DREAM), a national register of social transfer payments. Using Cox regression hazard ratio (HR) analysis, controlled for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, tenure, leisure-time physical activity, psychosocial working conditions, and LTSA during one year prior to baseline, we modeled risk estimates of moderate and strenuous (reference: light) perceived physical exertion during healthcare work for onset of LTSA (receiving sickness absence compensation for ≥8 consecutive weeks) during 1-year follow-up. Results: At baseline, 35.1%, 39.4%, and 25.5% of the healthcare workers experienced, respectively, light, moderate, and strenuous physical exertion during healthcare work. During follow-up, the 12-month prevalence of LTSA was 4.6%, 6.4%, and 8.9%, respectively, in these three exertion groups. A dose–response pattern between physical exertion and the risk for LTSA was found (trend test P<0.0001). In the multi-adjusted model, the risk for LTSA was 1.31 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.04–1.64] for healthcare workers reporting moderate physical exertion and 1.57 (95% CI 1.23–2.01) for those reporting strenuous physical exertion, referencing those reporting light physical exertion during healthcare work. Conclusion: Moderate and strenuous perceived physical exertion during healthcare work increases – in a dose–response manner – the risk for LTSA. The possible preventive effect of balancing work demands with the capacity of the worker, to thereby avoid excessive physical exertion, should be tested in randomized controlled trials.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3310

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Persson, R., Holtermann, A. (2012). Dose-response relation between perceived physical exertion during healthcare work and risk of long-term sickness absence. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 38 (6), S. 582–589.

A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Mortensen, O. S., Burr, H., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The socioeconomic burden of sickness absence from musculoskeletal disorders is considerable. However, knowledge about the risk of sickness absence from pain in different body regions among specific job groups is needed to more efficiently target preventative strategies. This study estimates the risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA) from pain in different body regions among healthcare workers. Methods: Prospective cohort study among 8,952 Danish healthcare workers responding to a questionnaire in 2004-2005 and followed for 1 year in a national register of social transfer payments (DREAM). Using Cox regression hazard ratio (HR) analysis controlled for age, gender, BMI, smoking, seniority, leisure physical activity and psychosocial working conditions, we modeled risk estimates of sub-chronic (1-30 days last year) and chronic pain (>30 days last year) in the low back, neck/shoulder and knees for onset of LTSA (receiving sickness absence compensation for at least eight consecutive weeks) during one-year follow-up. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of chronic pain was 23% (low back), 28% (neck/shoulder) and 12% (knees). During follow-up, the 12-month prevalence of LTSA was 6.3%. Chronic pains in the low back (HR 1.47 [95% CI 1.17-1.85]), neck/shoulder (HR 1.60 [95% CI 1.27-2.02]) and knees (HR 1.92 [95% CI 1.52-2.42]) were significant risk factors for LTSA. However, only chronic neck/shoulder (HR 1.41 [95% CI 1.09-1.82]) and knee pain (HR 1.69 [95% CI 1.32-2.16]) remained significant with mutual adjustment for all three musculoskeletal pain regions. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal pain is a risk factor for LTSA among healthcare workers. Future research among healthcare workers in eldercare should include the management of neck/shoulder and knee pain in addition to the management of back pain.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0709-5

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Mortensen, O. S., Burr, H., Holtermann, A. (2012). A prospective cohort study on musculoskeletal risk factors for long-term sickness absence among healthcare workers in eldercare. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 85 (6), S. 615–622.

Spreading of chronic pain between body regions: prospective cohort study among health care workers

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Carneiro, I. G., Holtermann, A.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To estimate the prognostic value of pain in one body region on the risk for developing chronic pain in other body regions. Methods: Prospective cohort study among 5052 Danish female health care workers responding to a baseline and follow-up questionnaire in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Using adjusted logistic regression analysis, the risk for developing chronic pain (>30 days last year) at follow-up in the low back (among those without low back pain during the last year at baseline) when experiencing sub-chronic (1–30 days last year) or chronic pain in other body regions (i.e., the neck/shoulders and/or the knees at baseline) was modelled. Similar risks were modelled for developing chronic pain in the neck/shoulders and knees. Results: Chronic pain in the neck/shoulders (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.74–5.70) or knees (OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.28–5.16) at baseline increased the risk for developing chronic pain in the low back at follow-up. Likewise, chronic pain in the neck/shoulders (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.36–4.17) or low back (OR 1.82 95%; CI 1.07–3.09) at baseline increased the risk for developing chronic pain in the knees at follow-up. The risk for developing chronic neck/shoulder pain was not significantly increased when having pain in the low back or knees at baseline. Conclusion: Among health care workers, chronic musculoskeletal pain in one body region increases the risk for developing chronic pain in other pain-free body regions. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders among health care workers should focus holistically on the musculoskeletal system.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00143.x

Referens

Andersen, L. L., Clausen, T., Carneiro, I. G., Holtermann, A. (2012). Spreading of chronic pain between body regions: prospective cohort study among health care workers. European journal of pain (London, England), 16 (10), S. 1437–1443.

Validation of a questionnaire for psychosocial risk assessment in the workplace in Chile

Alvarado, R., Perez-Franco, J., Saavedra, N., Fuentealba, C., Alarcon, A., Marchetti, N., Aranda, W.

Sammanfattning

Background: The measurement of psychosocial risk among workers is becoming increasingly important. Aim: To adapt, validate and standardize a questionnaire to measure psychosocial risks in the workplace. Material and Methods: The Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was adapted and evaluated. Its contents were first validated with a panel of experts. Afterwards a semantic adaptation of the questionnaires was carried out applying it to a pilot sample. Finally, it was applied to 1,557workers (65% men). Results: A preliminary questionnaire containing 97 questions was constructed. A good item-test correlation was found, the factorial structure was similar to the original questionnaire and it had a good internal consistency, convergent validity with the Goldberg Health Questionnaire and test-retest correlation. Ranges for the different dimensions and sub-dimensions of psychosocial risk were calculated by tertiles. Conclusions: The resulting questionnaire is useful for measuring psychosocial risk factors at work, with good psychometric properties.

År

2012

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Chile

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.4067/S0034-98872012000900008

Referens

Alvarado, R., Perez-Franco, J., Saavedra, N., Fuentealba, C., Alarcon, A., Marchetti, N., Aranda, W. (2012). Validation of a questionnaire for psychosocial risk assessment in the workplace in Chile. Revista medica de Chile, 140 (9), S. 1154–1163.

Employment Precariousness in Spain. Prevalence, Social Distribution, and Population-Attributable Risk Percent of Poor Mental Health

Vives, A., Vanroelen, C., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C. et al.

Sammanfattning

As a consequence of labor market flexibilization, nonstandard employment has expanded and standard employment has declined. In many cases, these transformations are best described as an evolution toward precarious employment, which is considered a major determinant of health and health inequalities. Using the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES), this study aims to determine the prevalence of precarious employment in the waged and salaried workforce in Spain, to describe its distribution across social groups defined by occupational class, gender, age, and immigrant status, and to estimate the proportion of cases of poor mental health potentially attributable to employment precariousness. Data are from the Psychosocial Work Environment Survey conducted in 2004–5 on a representative sample of the Spanish workforce. Findings indicate a high prevalence of employment precariousness, affecting nearly 6.5 million workers, with almost 900,000 of them exposed to high precariousness. These estimates are higher than the proportion of fixed-term employment reported in regular statistical sources but may today be an underestimation, given the current economic crisis. Additionally, a significant proportion of cases of poor mental health are potentially attributable to employment precariousness. Both the proportion of cases of poor mental health attributable to and the prevalence of employment precariousness were highly unequally distributed across the study sample, indicating that this may be a significant contributor to social inequalities in mental health.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.2190/HS.41.4.b

Referens

Vives, A., Vanroelen, C., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C. et al. (2011). Employment Precariousness in Spain. Prevalence, Social Distribution, and Population-Attributable Risk Percent of Poor Mental Health. International Journal of Health Services, 41 (4), S. 625–646.

Do managers experience more stress than employees? Results from the Intervention Project on Absence and Well-being (IPAW) study among Danish managers and their employees

Skakon, J., Kristensen, T. S., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T., Labriola, M.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine whether managers' perceived stress and work strain is higher than perceived stress and work strain among employees. Methods and participants: The study is based on questionnaire responses from 2052 respondents (128 managers and 1924 employees) at 48 worksites. Bi-variate and multivariate analyses were used to explain possible differences in stress levels and related mediators. Results: Managers experienced higher demands, higher level of conflicts, and lower degree of social support from peers. They tended to experience significantly lower emotional stress, whereas this trend was insignificant with regards to behavioural, somatic and cognitive stress. The difference was partly explained by higher scores in the psychosocial work environment factors; job satisfaction, perceived management quality from their managers, influence, degrees of freedom at work, possibilities for development and meaning of work. For behavioural stress, 41% of the difference was explained by the preventive factors, 20% for somatic stress, 39% for emotional stress and 56% for cognitive stress. Conclusions: This study indicates that the preventive psychosocial factors explain parts of the managers' lower stress level. These results contradict the lay perception of managers being under higher pressure and experiencing more stress than employees. Interventions aiming at reducing employee stress levels, especially regarding behavioural and cognitive stress, could benefit from focussing on psychosocial work environment exposures such as skill discretion, meaning of work, psychological demands, information flow and management quality.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.3233/WOR-2011-1112

Referens

Skakon, J., Kristensen, T. S., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T., Labriola, M. (2011). Do managers experience more stress than employees? Results from the Intervention Project on Absence and Well-being (IPAW) study among Danish managers and their employees. Work (Reading, Mass.), 38 (2), S. 103–109.

Destructive managerial leadership and psychological well-being among employees in Swedish, Polish, and Italian hotels

Nyberg, A., Holmberg, I., Bernin, P., Alderling, M., Akerblom, S., Widerszal-Bazyl, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to investigate destructive managerial leadership in the hotel industry in Sweden, Poland, and Italy in relation to psychological well-being among employees. Methods and participants: 554 questionnaires were collected from employees in all occupational groups within hotels. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) measured working conditions, particularly iso-strain or high work demands combined with low control and poor social support, and psychological well-being, defined in terms of mental health, vitality, and behavioural stress. Items adapted from the Global Leadership and Organisational Behaviour Effectiveness (GLOBE) research program questionnaire measured autocratic, malevolent, and self-centred leadership styles. Differences in ratings between countries were estimated, as well as the relationship between destructive managerial leadership on an organisation level and employee psychological well-being on an individual level. The relationship between destructive leadership and psychological well-being among employees was adjusted for employees' reported iso-strain. Results: Autocratic and malevolent leadership were at the organisation level related to low vitality among employees and self-centred leadership was significantly associated with poormental health, low vitality, and high behavioural stress. Autocratic and malevolent leadership were more strongly related to iso-strain than was self-centred leadership. Variations in leadership practice between countries were seen in autocratic and malevolent leadership. Conclusion: This exploratory study suggests a significant association between destructive managerial leadership on the organisation level and poor psychological well-being among employees on an individual level. Interventions to decrease iso-strain and enhance psychological well-being among employees could be directed at an organisation level.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige, Polen, Italien

Yrken

Hotellpersonal

DOI

10.3233/WOR-2011-1175

Referens

Nyberg, A., Holmberg, I., Bernin, P., Alderling, M., Akerblom, S., Widerszal-Bazyl, M. et al. (2011). Destructive managerial leadership and psychological well-being among employees in Swedish, Polish, and Italian hotels. Work (Reading, Mass.), 39 (3), S. 267–281.

Under which conditions do middle managers exhibit transformational leadership behaviors? — An experience sampling method study on the predictors of transformational leadership behaviors

Nielsen, K., Cleal, B.

Sammanfattning

Transformational leadership has been widely researched and associated with followers' performance, attitudes, health and well-being. However, less research has focused on the antecedents of transformational leadership behaviors. A few studies have examined the characteristics of followers and the attitudes of transformational leaders themselves. There is, however, a lack of knowledge on how the context may encourage transformational leadership behaviors. A study of 58 middle managers from two companies in Denmark; a private accountancy firm and a public elderly care explored this. Using the Experience Sampling Method and questionnaires it was found that both situational factors and working conditions were associated with transformational leadership behaviors at work. The results suggest that research strategies using multiple levels and methods can provide additional information on the antecedents of transformational leadership behaviors in middle managers.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Chefer

DOI

10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.009

Referens

Nielsen, K., Cleal, B. (2011). Under which conditions do middle managers exhibit transformational leadership behaviors? — An experience sampling method study on the predictors of transformational leadership behaviors. The Leadership Quarterly, 22 (2), S. 344–352.

The effect of work-time influence on health and well-being: a quasi-experimental intervention study among eldercare workers

Nabe-Nielsen, K., Garde, A. H., Diderichsen, F.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of work-time influence on stress and energy, work-family conflicts, lifestyle factors, and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental intervention study with a one-year follow-up among eldercare workers (baseline: n = 309; follow-up: n = 297). The nine work units in the intervention group designed their own intervention. We categorized these work units into three subgroups according to the interventions that they initiated: (A) self-scheduling via a computer program (n = 35), (B) setting up a task group that developed a questionnaire on work-time preference and participated in a one-day course on flexible working hours with the intention to increase employee influence on the fixed rota (n = 62), and (C) discussions of how employee work-time influence could be increased (n = 25). These subgroups were compared with a reference group consisting of ten work units (n = 187). Data consisted of questionnaires, blood samples, and measurements of waist and hip circumference. Results: The employees in subgroup A became increasingly involved in the planning of their own work schedule. Nevertheless, we found no effect on health and well-being attributable to the intervention. Conclusion: The introduction of self-scheduling can successfully increase employee work-time influence. Yet, this study does not support the theory that increased work-time influence leads to better health and well-being.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-011-0625-8

Referens

Nabe-Nielsen, K., Garde, A. H., Diderichsen, F. (2011). The effect of work-time influence on health and well-being: a quasi-experimental intervention study among eldercare workers. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 84 (6), S. 683–695.

The moderating effect of work-time influence on the effect of shift work: a prospective cohort study

Nabe-Nielsen, K., Garde, A. H., Albertsen, K., Diderichsen, F.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To investigate whether work-time influence moderated the effect of shift work on psychological well-being measured as vitality, mental health, somatic stress symptoms, and disturbed sleep. Methods: We used questionnaire data from 2,148 health care workers who finished their education in 2004 and were followed during their first 2 years of employment in the eldercare and health care sectors. We analyzed the effect of shift work, work-time influence, and the combination of these two variables adjusted for differences in baseline psychological well-being, background factors, and psychosocial work environment. Results: Surprisingly, in this cohort, shift workers had higher vitality and better mental health than day workers. The combination of shift work and moderate or low work-time influence was associated with lower vitality, worse mental health, and more somatic stress symptoms than would have been expected when adding the separate effects of working hours and work-time influence. Work-time influence did not have any effect among day workers. Conclusion: Shift workers appear to be especially vulnerable to the negative effect of moderate or low work-time influence.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1007/s00420-010-0592-5

Referens

Nabe-Nielsen, K., Garde, A. H., Albertsen, K., Diderichsen, F. (2011). The moderating effect of work-time influence on the effect of shift work: a prospective cohort study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 84 (5), S. 551–559.

Do positive psychosocial work factors protect against 2-year incidence of long-term sickness absence among employees with and those without depressive symptoms? A prospective study

Munir, F., Burr, H., Hansen, J. V., Rugulies, R., Nielsen, K.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study sought to examine the influence of protective work factors on long-term sickness absence among employees reporting different levels of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of the Danish workforce. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected from a random sample of members of the Danish workforce aged between 18 and 64 years using information from two surveys with baselines in 2000 and 2005. From the year 2000 baseline, questionnaires from 5510 employees (2790 males and 2720 females) were included; from the 2005 baseline, questionnaires from 8393 employees (3931 males and 4462 females) were included. Baseline data were collected on depressive symptoms, leadership, colleague support, and decision latitude. Information on 2-year incidence of sickness absence was derived from an official register. Results: Stratified analyses on depressive symptom scores (none, moderate, and severe) indicate that quality of leadership was associated with reduced sickness absence to a somewhat stronger degree for those with moderate depressive symptoms (adjusted hazard ratio=0.88, 95% confidence interval=0.78-0.98) than for those without depressive symptoms and that high decision latitude was associated with reduced sickness absence to a somewhat larger degree for those without depressive symptoms (adjusted hazard ratio=0.91, 95% CI=0.85-0.97) than for those with depressive symptoms. However, quality of leadership and decision latitude did not interact significantly with depressive symptom status. Conclusions: Quality of leadership may protect against long-term sick leave to a certain degree in those with moderate depressive symptoms. Possible interactions between psychosocial working conditions and depression status should be investigated in larger populations.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.09.014

Referens

Munir, F., Burr, H., Hansen, J. V., Rugulies, R., Nielsen, K. (2011). Do positive psychosocial work factors protect against 2-year incidence of long-term sickness absence among employees with and those without depressive symptoms? A prospective study. Journal of psychosomatic research, 70 (1), S. 3–9.

CC.OO. (“Comisiones Obreras”) – ISTAS (Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health) participatory action plan for a healthier work organization. A case study

Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Rodrigo, F., Landsbergis, P.

Sammanfattning

Spanish workers have been among the most exposed to psychosocial risks across the European Union. CC.OO. and ISTAS decided to establish an action plan to empower workers' health and safety representatives to have an influence on the psychosocial risk assessment processes leading to negotiations with employers over a more democratic, fair and healthier work organization. Most important outcomes included 3600 companies which have followed a participatory process culminating with the implementation of agreed upon at source preventive measures in 40% of cases. There exists some evidence that preventive actions have increased in Spain since CC.OO.'s workers' health and safety representatives started systematically pushing for improvements in the psychosocial work environment, however the quality of such actions is less clear. Future priorities include: first, to overcome barriers related to the interaction with external agents, especially with professional and administrative bodies. Second, to increase collaboration with scientific institutions to ensure and improve quality of both risk assessment tools and preventive actions. Third, to evaluate at the source interventions at company level with special interest in looking at the involvement of worker representatives, managers and OH professionals and the impact of their involvement on the undertaking of effective preventive actions. Fourth, increasing interaction between ISTAS and CC.OO. in order to place demands for the improvement of psychosocial working conditions more centrally in collective bargaining. Fifth, trying to increase unity of action of all Spanish workers' unions on the subject.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2010.03.014

Referens

Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Moreno, N., Rodrigo, F., Landsbergis, P. (2011). CC.OO. (“Comisiones Obreras”) – ISTAS (Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health) participatory action plan for a healthier work organization. A case study. Safety Science, 49 (4), S. 591–598.

Work-related violence and incident use of psychotropics

Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Pejtersen, J. H., Borritz, M., Bjorner, J. B., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Although the mental health consequences of domestic violence are well documented, empirical evidence is scarce regarding the mental health effects of violence in the workplace. Most studies have used data from small occupation-specific samples, limiting their generalizability. This article examines whether direct exposure to work-related violence is associated with clinically pertinent mental health problems, measured by purchases of psychotropics (antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics), in a cross-occupational sample of 15,246 Danish employees free from using psychotropics at baseline. Self-reported data on work-related violence were merged with other data on purchases of medications through a national registry to estimate cause-specific hazard ratios during 3.6 years (1,325 days) of follow-up in the years 1996–2008. Outcomes were examined as competing risks, and analyses were adjusted for gender, age, cohabitation, education, income, social support from colleagues, social support from supervisor, and influence and quantitative demands at work. Work-related violence was associated with purchasing antidepressants alone (hazard ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 1.75) or in combination with anxiolytics (hazard ratio = 1.74, 95% confidence interval: 1.13, 2.70) but not with purchasing anxiolytics or hypnotics only. The frequency of violent episodes and risk of caseness were unrelated. Work-related violence is associated with increased risk of clinically pertinent mental health problems. Reducing levels of work-related violence may help to prevent mental disorders in the working population.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/aje/kwr259

Referens

Madsen, I. E. H., Burr, H., Diderichsen, F., Pejtersen, J. H., Borritz, M., Bjorner, J. B., Rugulies, R. (2011). Work-related violence and incident use of psychotropics. American journal of epidemiology, 174 (12), S. 1354–1362.

The attribution of work environment in explaining gender differences in long-term sickness absence: results from the prospective DREAM study

Labriola, M., Holte, K. A., Christensen, K. B., Feveile, H., Alexanderson, K., Lund, T.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To identify differences in risk of long-term sickness absence between female and male employees in Denmark and to examine to what extent differences could be explained by work environment factors. Methods: A cohort of 5026 employees (49.1% women, mean age 40.4years; 50.9% men, mean age 40.2years) was interviewed in 2000 regarding gender, age, family status, socio-economic position and psychosocial and physical work environment factors. The participants were followed for 18months in order to assess their incidence of long-term sickness absence exceeding 8 consecutive weeks. Results: 298 workers (5.9%) received sickness absence compensation for 8weeks or more. Women had an excess risk of 37% compared to men, when adjusting for age, family status and socio-economic position. Physical work environment exposures could not explain this difference, whereas differences in psychosocial work environment exposures explained 32% of the differences in risk of long-term sickness absence between men and women, causing the effect of gender to become statistically insignificant. The combined effect of physical and psychosocial factors was similar, explaining 30% of the gender difference. Conclusion: Differences in psychosocial work environments in terms of emotional demands, reward at work, management quality and role conflicts, explained roughly 30% of women's excess long-term sickness absence risk. Assuming women and men had identical working conditions would leave the larger part of the gender difference in long-term sickness absence from work unexplained.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oem.2010.060632

Referens

Labriola, M., Holte, K. A., Christensen, K. B., Feveile, H., Alexanderson, K., Lund, T. (2011). The attribution of work environment in explaining gender differences in long-term sickness absence: results from the prospective DREAM study. Occupational and environmental medicine, 68 (9), S. 703–705.

Effects on carers caring for residents who are limited in their everyday capabilities. A comparison of several measuring points in a pilot study

Kwiatkowski, B.

Sammanfattning

According to the § 87b SGB XI (German Social Security Statutes) care worker guidelines, care institutions can employ additional carers for residents who are permanently limited in their everyday capabilities. Studies on the stress experience while caring for the elderly who relate specifically to the additional care givers have, until now, not been available. Previous studies relate to trained nurses. It can be assumed that, if trained nurses already show typical stress reactions, the care givers could be all the more overburdened.For surveying the effects on care givers caring for residents who are limited in their everyday capabilities, an empirical data investigation using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) was carried out on 30 care givers qualified according to the above mentioned guidelines in nine nursing homes administrated by Curanum AG. Additionally, the study took place in two residential homes of other administrators. As a comparison, 30 nurses were investigated.In the time span from the start of professional conduct until the end of the survey after six months, significant differences in the examined nurses were found only for the item Job Security (p ≤ 0,05). In the group of §-87b-carers it was possible to show significant changes in the following items: possibilities for development(p ≤ 0,05), influence (p ≤ 0,05), social support (p ≤ 0,05), feedback (p ≤ 0,05) and social- relationship p ≤ 0,05). In summary, the psycho-social stress experiences of the §-87b-carers were determined to be considerably worse than those of the professionally qualified nurses, which could be due to the fact that §-87b-carers are less well trained than the professionally qualified nurses after their three years of training. The §-87b-carers continuously look after residents, who are considerably limited in their everyday capabilities, whereas the professionally qualified nurses look after a mixed group of residents. The study thus provides an indication that the use of §-87b-carers – at least from the viewpoint of the people concerned – leads to a tendency of overburdening and therefore, with the current training and accompaniment provided during employment, does not represent a reasonable and sustainable enhancement to everyday life in the nursing residents.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

Referens

Kwiatkowski, B. (2011). Effects on carers caring for residents who are limited in their everyday capabilities. A comparison of several measuring points in a pilot study. Pflege Zeitschrift, 64 (5), S. 286–290.

EVALUATION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WORK Environment in Romanian Companies using the Adjusted COPSOQ Questionnaire

Haratau, M., Stoia, M., Bardac, D.

Sammanfattning

Along with reducing the physical effort, industrial development brings an increase in the neuro-psychological demands at work, which predicts an increase in stress-sensitive psychiatric disorders in the coming years (anxiety and depression). Aggressive and violent behavior has grown worldwide. This study aims at assessing the psychological working environment of 229 employees from two business units in the county of Sibiu, Romania, by using the adapted version of the COPSOQ questionnaire. By applying the questionnaire, there have been identified certain characteristics of the psychological working environment, namely: increased requirements for group II, low control for group I, lack of professional satisfaction or lack of social support (for both groups). These results require certain corrective interventions.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Rumänien

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Haratau, M., Stoia, M., Bardac, D. (2011). EVALUATION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL WORK Environment in Romanian Companies using the Adjusted COPSOQ Questionnaire. ACTA MEDICA TRANSILVANICA, 2 (1), S. 153–155.

Frequency of bullying at work, physiological response, and mental health

Hansen, A. M., Hogh, A., Persson, R.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between bullying at work and cortisol secretion. Of particular interest was to examine whether frequently and occasionally bullied persons differed from nonbullied persons. Methods: The study included 1944 employees (1413 women and 531 men) from 55 workplaces in Denmark (16 private and 39 public workplaces). During a work day three saliva samples were collected at awakening, +30 min later, and at 20:00 hours, and analyzed for cortisol concentrations. Mental health was assessed using items on somatic, cognitive, stress, and depressive mood. Results: Of the 1944 employees, 1.1% was frequently bullied and 7.2% occasionally bullied. Frequently bullied persons reported poorer mental health and had a 24.8% lower salivary cortisol concentration compared with the nonbullied reference group. Occasionally bullied persons had a poorer self-reported mental health, but their cortisol concentrations did not deviate from the group of nonbullied persons. The associations remained significant even after controlling for age, gender, exact time of sampling, mental health, and duration of bullying. Bullying occurred at 78% of the workplaces (43 workplaces); frequent bullying occurred at 21% of the workplaces (40%). Conclusion: Frequent bullying was associated with lower salivary cortisol concentrations. No such association was observed for occasional bullying. Whether the generally lower secretion of cortisol among the frequently bullied persons indicate an altered physiological status remains to be evaluated in future studies. Yet, the physiological response seems to underscore the possibility that bullying indeed may have measurable physiological consequences. Hence, the physiological response supports the mental symptoms found among the frequently bullied.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.05.010

Referens

Hansen, A. M., Hogh, A., Persson, R. (2011). Frequency of bullying at work, physiological response, and mental health. Journal of psychosomatic research, 70 (1), S. 19–27.

Work ability, psychosocial hazards and work experience in prison environments

Ghaddar, A., Ronda, E., Nolasco, A.

Sammanfattning

Work ability is predicted by age- and work-related psychosocial hazards; however, its association with work experience has not been studied. Work ability has not been studied in prison environments as well. To describe work ability and its associates among prison workers. A cross-sectional study was carried out in two prisons in Spain, one large and one medium prison, randomly selected from 17 in total. Prison workers were randomly administered a voluntary anonymous questionnaire to measure work ability [Work Ability Index (WAI)], work-related psychosocial hazards (Spanish version of COPSOQ), sociodemographic, lifestyle and work-related variables. Four hundred and forty-one workers (54%) participated. Results confirmed that older and more experienced workers (analysis of variance analysis) and workers in large prisons (t-student) presented significantly lower WAI scores. Quantitative and emotional demands, family work conflict, low work control, low autonomy, low social support from colleagues and stress had negative significant associations with WAI. Age, which highly correlated with work experience (Spearman's r = 0.85), had significant association with WAI (beta = -0.62). In the stepwise linear regression, the association between age and WAI lost statistical significance after controlling for work experience, which maintained significant correlation with WAI (beta = -0.37). The apparent association between age and WAI was confounded by work experience. Interventions to improve work ability among prison workers may benefit from results of this study to focus their efforts on the risk groups in such a psychologically demanding work environment rarely examined in previous research.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Fängelsearbetare

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqr124

Referens

Ghaddar, A., Ronda, E., Nolasco, A. (2011). Work ability, psychosocial hazards and work experience in prison environments. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 61 (7), S. 503–508.

Return to work among employees with long-term sickness absence in eldercare: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes

Clausen, T., Friis Andersen, M., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T.

Sammanfattning

This study investigates whether psychosocial work characteristics and work-related psychological states predict return to work (RTW) after long-term sickness absence among eldercare staff. We followed 9947 employees in a national register on payment of sickness-absence compensation for 1 year and found that 598 employees had absence periods of 8 or more consecutive weeks. Using Cox regression analysis, these 598 employees were followed for a year after onset of sickness absence to investigate associations between baseline questionnaire data on psychosocial work characteristics and work-related psychological states on the one side and 'risk' of RTW on the other. The results showed that none of the psychosocial work characteristics, emotional demands, role conflicts, quality of leadership and influence, were significantly associated with RTW. Of the two work-related psychological states, affective organizational commitment and experience of meaning at work, the results showed that sickness-absent employees who experienced low meaning at work at baseline had a significantly reduced 'risk' of RTW when compared with employees who experienced high meaning at work. No significant associations were found for affective organizational commitment. The results imply that experience of meaning at work must be considered an important work-life resource, as it enhances the capacity of sickness-absent employees to RTW after extended sickness-absence periods.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1097/MRR.0b013e328348b171

Referens

Clausen, T., Friis Andersen, M., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T. (2011). Return to work among employees with long-term sickness absence in eldercare: a prospective analysis of register-based outcomes. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, 34 (3), S. 249–254.

Job demands, job resources and meaning at work

Clausen, T., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: This paper aims to identify longitudinal associations between job demands, job resources and experience of meaning at work. Design/methodolgy/approach: Using data from a longitudinal survey study among 6,299 employees in Danish eldercare who were divided into 301 work‐groups, experience of meaning at work was predicted from a series of job demands and job resources measured at individual level and group level. Findings: A combination of individual‐level and group‐level measures of job demands and job resources contributed to predicting meaning at work. Meaning at work at follow‐up was predicted by meaning at work at baseline, role ambiguity, quality of leadership, and influence at work at individual level and emotional demands at group level. Individual‐level measures of job demands and job resources proved stronger predictors of meaning at work than group‐level measures. Research limitations/implications: Psychosocial job demands and job resources predict experience of meaning at work. Practical implications: Experience of meaning at work constitutes an important organizational resource by contributing to the capacities of employees to deal with work‐related stresses and strains, while maintaining their health and well‐being. Social implications: Experience of meaning at work is positively associated with well‐being and reduces risk for long‐term sickness absence and turnover. Attention towards enhancing employee experiences of meaning at work may contribute towards the ability of western societies to recruit the necessary supply of labour over the coming decades. Originality/value: This is the first study to provide longitudinal, multi‐level evidence on the association between job demands, job resources and experience of meaning at work.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1108/02683941111181761

Referens

Clausen, T., Borg, V. (2011). Job demands, job resources and meaning at work. Journal of Managerial Psych, 26 (8), S. 665–681.

Work environment as predictor of long-term sickness absence: linkage of self-reported DWECS data with the DREAM register

Burr, H., Pedersen, J., Hansen, J. V.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: The present overview discusses ten papers dealing with four research topics using self-reported work environment in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (DWECS) linked with register data on long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalisation (DREAM). Research topics: Research relied on self-reported data among 3000—5000 employees linked with registered LTSA data. Analyses were performed with Cox regression models. Risk groups: Kindergarten teachers and daycare workers were at high risk for LTSA. Risk factors: Mainly physical exposures but also psychosocial factors were risk factors for LTSA. Attributable fractions: A quarter of LTSA spells could be attributed to the physical work environment. Most of the association between social class and LTSA was explained by physical work environment and smoking. Mechanisms: Depressive symptoms, severe pain in hands, and low back and pain intensity were risk factors for LTSA. Only in work sites with traditional leadership did health problems predict LTSA. Conclusion: The linking of DWECS with DREAM has made it possible to estimate the importance of work environment factors for LTSA. Future research should deal with possible risk factors such as health problems and organisational factors.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494811401480

Referens

Burr, H., Pedersen, J., Hansen, J. V. (2011). Work environment as predictor of long-term sickness absence: linkage of self-reported DWECS data with the DREAM register. Scandinavian journal of public health, 39 (7 Suppl), S. 147–152.

Collegial Support and Community with Trust in Swedish and Danish dentistry

Berthelsen, H., Soderfeldt, B., Harris, R., Pejtersen, J. H., Bergstrom, K., Hjalmers, K., Ordell, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives. The aim of the study was to better understand the associations between work factors and professional support among dentists (Collegial Support) as well as the sense of being part of a work community characterized by trust (Community with Trust). Methods. A questionnaire was sent to 1835 general dental practitioners, randomly selected from the members of dental associations in Sweden and Denmark in 2008. The response rate was 68%. Two models with the outcome variables Collegial Support and being part of a Community with Trust were built using multiple hierarchical linear regression. Demographic background factors, work factors, managerial factors and factors relating to objectives and to values characterizing climate of the practice were all introduced as blocks into the models. Results. A different pattern emerged for Collegial Support than for Community with Trust, indicating different underlying mechanisms. The main results were: (I) Female, married/cohabitant, collegial network outside the practice, common breaks, formalized managerial education of leader and a climate characterized by professional values, which were positively associated with Collegial Support, while number of years as a dentist and being managerially responsible were negatively associated. (II) Common breaks, decision authority and a climate characterized by professional values were positively associated with Community with Trust. Conclusion. A professionally-oriented practice climate and having common breaks at work were strongly associated with both outcome variables. The study underlined the importance of managing dentistry in a way which respects the professional ethos of dentists.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige, Danmark

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.3109/00016357.2011.568966

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Soderfeldt, B., Harris, R., Pejtersen, J. H., Bergstrom, K., Hjalmers, K., Ordell, S. (2011). Collegial Support and Community with Trust in Swedish and Danish dentistry. Acta odontologica Scandinavica, 69 (6), S. 343–354.

Measurement of social support, community and trust in dentistry

Berthelsen, H., Pejtersen, J. H., Soderfeldt, B.

Sammanfattning

Background and aim: Relationships among people at work have previously been found to contribute to the perception of having a good work. The aim of the present paper was to develop scales measuring aspects of social support, trust, and community among dentists, and to evaluate psychometric properties of the scales. Material and methods: In 2008, a questionnaire was sent to 1835 general dental practitioners randomly selected from the dental associations in Sweden and Denmark. The response rate was 68% after two reminders. Principal Component Analysis was applied to 14 items and scales were established based on the resulting factors. Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) with respect to gender, nationality and employment sector was analysed using ordinal logistic regression methods. Construct validity was assessed in relation to self-rated health and a range of work satisfaction outcomes. Results: The percentage of missing values on the items was low (range 0.7%–3.8%). Two scales (range 0–100) were established to measure ‘Community with Trust’(nine items, mean = 79.2 [SD = 13.4], Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89) and ‘Collegial Support’(five items, mean = 70.4 [SD = 20.8], Cronbach’s alpha = 0.89). DIF of only minor importance was found which supported cultural equivalence. The two scales were weakly positively correlated with each other. ‘Community with Trust’ was in general more strongly correlated with work satisfaction variables than ‘Collegial Support’ was. Conclusions: Stability and internal consistency of the scales were considered as satisfactory. Content validity and construct validity were considered as good. Further validation in other populations is recommended.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00593.x

Referens

Berthelsen, H., Pejtersen, J. H., Soderfeldt, B. (2011). Measurement of social support, community and trust in dentistry. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology, 39 (4), S. 289–299.

Adaptation of questionnaire measuring working conditions and health problems among Iranian nursing personnel

Arsalani, N., Fallahi-Khoshknab, M., Ghaffari, M., Josephson, M., Lagerstrom, M.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To adapt a questionnaire in the Persian language measuring working conditions and health problems among nursing personnel. A further aim was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Methods: The adapted questionnaire was based on three well-established questionnaires. Physical working conditions items were from Nurse Early Exit Study. Psychosocial working conditions scales were included from Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire which contains two scales on general and mental health as well. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was the origin of the musculoskeletal disorders questions. During the culture adaptation process, an expert panel method was used. To achieve equivalence between the sources and target version, some changes were made by the expert panel. Then the questionnaire was examined in the field for face validity and construct validity (n = 92) among Iranian nursing personnel from two hospitals. Construct validity was assessed using a priori hypothesized correlations of the outcomes with exposures. Finally the adaptation process was completed by reliability assessment using Cronbach’s alpha and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: The construct validity result was the correlation of the health outcome with the work-related exposure (physical rs = .71 and psychosocial rs = .66). In the reliability assessment, Cronbach’s alpha and ICC were .60 and .70 respectively. Conclusion: The findings show that the adapted questionnaire has an acceptable conceptual structure and provides reliable information from the nursing profession. Consequently, the questionnaire is applicable to work situation studies among nurses and other health care workers.

År

2011

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Iran

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.anr.2011.09.004

Referens

Arsalani, N., Fallahi-Khoshknab, M., Ghaffari, M., Josephson, M., Lagerstrom, M. (2011). Adaptation of questionnaire measuring working conditions and health problems among Iranian nursing personnel. Asian nursing research, 5 (3), S. 177–182.

The Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES): psychometric properties of a new tool for epidemiological studies among waged and salaried workers

Vives, A., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C., et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Despite the fact that labour market flexibility has resulted in an expansion of precarious employment in industrialised countries, to date there is limited empirical evidence concerning its health consequences. The Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) is a newly developed, theory-based, multidimensional questionnaire specifically devised for epidemiological studies among waged and salaried workers. Objectives: To assess the acceptability, reliability and construct validity of EPRES in a sample of waged and salaried workers in Spain. Methods: A sample of 6968 temporary and permanent workers from a population-based survey carried out in 2004-2005 was analysed. The survey questionnaire was interviewer administered and included the six EPRES subscales, and measures of the psychosocial work environment (COPSOQ ISTAS21) and perceived general and mental health (SF-36). Results: A high response rate to all EPRES items indicated good acceptability; Cronbach's alpha coefficients, over 0.70 for all subscales and the global score, demonstrated good internal consistency reliability; exploratory factor analysis using principal axis analysis and varimax rotation confirmed the six-subscale structure and the theoretical allocation of all items. Patterns across known groups and correlation coefficients with psychosocial work environment measures and perceived health demonstrated the expected relations, providing evidence of construct validity. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence in support of the psychometric properties of EPRES, which appears to be a promising tool for the measurement of employment precariousness in public health research.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oem.2009.048967

Referens

Vives, A., Amable, M., Ferrer, M., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Muntaner, C., et al. (2010). The Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES): psychometric properties of a new tool for epidemiological studies among waged and salaried workers. Occupational and environmental medicine, 67 (8), S. 548–555.

Occupational stress and burnout of judges and procurators

Tsai, F.-J., Chan, C.-C.

Sammanfattning

This study aims to examine the associations between occupational stress and burnout among judges and procurators. The Chinese versions of the job content questionnaire (JCQ), Siegrist's effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI), and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) were administered to examine occupational stress and personal, work-related, and client-related burnout among 211 judicial officers, comprising 87 judges and 98 procurators, in Taiwan. Logistic regression was applied to determine the association between burnout and occupational stress among judges and procurators, adjusting for potential confounders of age, gender, marriage, number of children, work experience, working hours, and the significant occupational stress scale of each model for the other. The judicial officers with average age of 36.84 years and work experience of 8.57 years had high averaging scores of job control (70.31), psychological demand (32.23), effort (18.98), reward (48.37), and overcommitment (17.04) as well as personal (49.97), work-related (51.36), and client-related (43.57) burnout. The high psychological demand, effort, and overcommitment were significantly associated with both personal and work-related burnout, while the low workplace social support was significantly associated with client-related burnout among the judicial officers. The judges had a significant higher risk of client-related burnout than the procurators. In general, occupational stress was associated with personal and work-related burnout for both judges and prosecutors. Client-related burnout was more common for judicial officers with low social support and the judges.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Domare

DOI

10.1007/s00420-009-0454-1

Referens

Tsai, F.-J., Chan, C.-C. (2010). Occupational stress and burnout of judges and procurators. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 83 (2), S. 133–142.

Reliability of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire

Thorsen, S. V., Bjorner, J. B.

Sammanfattning

Aims: Reliabilities of the work environment questionnaire Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) have previously been estimated by Cronbach's alpha, but since the internal consistency assumption may not apply to all COPSOQ scales, Cronbach's alpha may underestimate true reliability. This study aims to evaluate reliability in a test-retest design. Methods: We analyzed postal questionnaire data from 349 persons (of whom 283 were employees) who completed two forms with a median interval of 22 (range 6-65) days between baseline and follow-up. Test-retest reliabilities were estimated by the intraclass correlation (ICC). For scales where the internal consistency assumption was theoretically plausible, reliabilities were also estimated by Cronbach's alpha and by Green's test-retest alpha. Results: With one exception, the ICC estimated reliabilities of the COPSOQ scales were adequate or good (range 0.70-0.89). A scale concerning mutual trust between employees had a low reliability of 0.64. Among the scales where the internal consistency assumption was plausible, Cronbach's alpha was adequate or good (0.75-0.85) for seven out of eight scales. Green's retest alpha was adequate or good for six out of eight scales (0.72-0.81). Conclusions: Standard criteria for acceptable intraclass correlation reliability were achieved for all COPSOQ scales but one. The test-retest design and intraclass correlation appears to be more appropriate than Cronbach's alpha for assessing the reliability of psychosocial work environment scales.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809349859

Referens

Thorsen, S. V., Bjorner, J. B. (2010). Reliability of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 25–32.

Do psychosocial work environment factors measured with scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict register-based sickness absence of 3 weeks or more in Denmark?

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Pejtersen, J. H.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To analyse the predictive validity of 18 psychosocial work environment scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ II) with regard to risk of sickness absence. Methods: The study population consisted of 3188 wage earners (52% women) from a representative sample of Danish residents. Participants received the long version of the COPSOQ II in autumn and winter 2004-2005, including 18 psychosocial work environment scales from the domains ''Demands at work'', ''Work organization and job contents'', and ''Interpersonal relations and leadership''. The study endpoint was register-based sickness absence of 3 weeks or more in the 1-year period following completion of the COPSOQ II. Associations between COPSOQ scales at baseline and sickness absence at follow-up were analysed with Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, gender, prevalence of a health problem at baseline, and occupational grade. Results: Sickness absence during follow-up was predicted by a one standard deviation increase on the scales of cognitive demands (hazard ratio (HR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.37), emotional demands (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.10-1.50), and role conflicts (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.15-1.52). After applying adjustment for multiple testing, the effect of emotional demands and of role conflict remained statistically significant, but not the effect of cognitive demands. Conclusions: Selected psychosocial work environment factors from the COPSOQ predict register-based sickness absence in the Danish workforce.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809346873

Referens

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Pejtersen, J. H. (2010). Do psychosocial work environment factors measured with scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict register-based sickness absence of 3 weeks or more in Denmark?. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 42–50.

The second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire

Pejtersen, J. H., Kristensen, T. S., Borg, V., Bjorner, J. B.

Sammanfattning

Aims: The aim of the present paper is to present the development of the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II). Methods: The development of COPSOQ II took place in five main steps: (1) We considered practical experience from the use of COPSOQ I, in particular feedback from workplace studies where the questionnaire had been used; (2) All scales concerning workplace factors in COPSOQ I were analyzed for differential item functioning (DIF) with regard to gender, age and occupational status; (3) A test version of COPSOQ II including new scales and items was developed and tested in a representative sample of working Danes between 20 and 59 years of age. In all, 3,517 Danish employees participated in the study. The overall response rate was 60.4%; (4) Based on psychometric analyses, the final questionnaire was developed; and (5) Criteria-related validity of the new scales was tested. Results: The development of COPSOQ II resulted in a questionnaire with 41 scales and 127 items. New scales on values at the workplace were introduced including scales on Trust, Justice and Social inclusiveness. Scales on Variation, Work pace, Recognition, Work-family conflicts and items on offensive behaviour were also added. New scales regarding health symptoms included: Burnout, Stress, Sleeping troubles and Depressive symptoms. In general, the new scales showed good criteria validity. All in all, 57% of the items of COPSOQ I were retained in COPSOQ II. Conclusions: The COPSOQ I concept has been further developed and new validated scales have been included.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1177/1403494809349858

Referens

Pejtersen, J. H., Kristensen, T. S., Borg, V., Bjorner, J. B. (2010). The second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 8–24.

Determining minimally important score differences in scales of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire

Pejtersen, J. H., Bjorner, J. B., Hasle, P.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To determine minimally important differences (MIDs) for scales in the first version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). Methods: Data were taken from two separate studies: a national population survey (N = 1062), and an intervention study at 14 workplaces (N = 1505). On the basis of the population survey, the MID for each COPSOQ scale was calculated as one-half of a standard deviation (0.5 SD). For the core COPSOQ scales on ''Quantitative demands'', ''Influence at work'', ''Predictability'', ''Social support (from colleagues and supervisors, respectively)'', and ''Job satisfaction'', the MIDs were evaluated in the intervention study, where score differences for the scales were linked to the respondents' global self-evaluation of the impact of the interventions. The scales were scored from 0 to 100 in both studies. Results: The MIDs calculated as 0.5 SD were, on average, 9.2 (range 6.8-14.9) for the long version scales, and 10.8 (range 7.6-14.9) for the medium-length version scales. The analysis of the self-evaluated changes on the scale scores for the core COPSOQ scales showed that the anchor-based estimates of MID were generally lower than 0.5 SD. Conclusions: We recommend the following MID values for the COPSOQ scales: ''Quantitative demands'', 0.3 SD; ''Influence'', 0.2 SD; ''Predictability'', 0.3 SD; ''Social support from colleagues'', 0.3 SD; ''Social support from supervisor'', 0.7 SD; and ''Job satisfaction'', 0.4 SD. For all other COPSOQ scales, where we do not have anchor-based results, we recommend the conventional MID value of 0.5 SD.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809347024

Referens

Pejtersen, J. H., Bjorner, J. B., Hasle, P. (2010). Determining minimally important score differences in scales of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 33–41.

A descriptive study on immigrant workers in the elderly care sector

Ortega, A., Gomes Carneiro, I., Flyvholm, M.-A.

Sammanfattning

The present descriptive study seeks to explore the differences in terms of psychosocial work characteristics and health & well-being indicators among Danes, Western and Non-western immigrants working in the elderly care sector; and to identify differences in the association patterns between these psychosocial work characteristics and health & well-being across these three groups. The study was based on a large-scale survey of the elderly care sector in Denmark with 78% response rate. Results show that Non-western immigrants had more depression symptoms, poorer quality of sleep and more client-related burnout than their Western immigrants and Danish colleagues. All in all, the associations between psychosocial work characteristics and health and well-being were much stronger among Danes than among immigrant workers and particularly weak among Non-western immigrants.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1007/s10903-009-9257-4

Referens

Ortega, A., Gomes Carneiro, I., Flyvholm, M.-A. (2010). A descriptive study on immigrant workers in the elderly care sector. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 12 (5), S. 699–706.

Psychosocial work load and stress in the geriatric care

Nübling, M., Vomstein, M., Schmidt, S. G., Gregersen, S., Dulon, M., Nienhaus, A.,

Sammanfattning

Background: Due to the decrease in informal care by family members and the demographic development, the importance of professional geriatric care will rise considerably. Aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial workplace situation for employees in this profession. Methods: The German version of the COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was used for the assessment of psychosocial factors at work. The instrument includes 22 scales and 3 single items concerning demands, control, stress, support, and strain.Results between two study groups of geriatric care were compared to each other as well as to employees in general hospital care and a general population mean (COPSOQ database). Statistical analysis included t-tests, ANOVA and multiple comparisons of means. Statistical significance (p < 0.01, two-tailed) and a difference of at least 5 points in mean values were defined as the relevant threshold. Results: In total 889 respondents from 36 institutions took part in the study. 412 worked in Home Care (HC), 313 in Geriatric Nursing Homes (GNH), 164 in other professions (e.g. administration). Comparison between HC and GNH showed more favourable values for the first group for the most scales, e.g. lower quantitative and emotional demands and less work-privacy conflict, better possibilities for development etc. Compared to external values from the German COPSOQ database for general hospital care (N = 1.195) and the total mean across all professions, COPSOQ-total (N = 11.168), the results are again positive for HC workers on most of the scales concerning demands and social support. The only negative finding is the very low amount of social relations at work due to the obligation to work alone most of the time. Employees in GNH rate predictability, quality of leadership and feedback higher when compared to general hospital care and show some further favourable mean values compared to the COPSOQ mean value for all professions. A disadvantage for GNH is the high rating for job insecurity.A supplementary subgroup analysis showed that the degree of negative evaluation of psychosocial factors concerning demands was related to the amount of working hours per week and the number of on-call duties. Conclusions: Compared to employees in general hospital care and the COPSOQ overall mean value across all professions, geriatric care employees and especially home care workers evaluate their psychosocial working situation more positive for most aspects. However, this seems partly due to the very high proportion of part-time workers. Critical results for the two study groups are the relatively high job insecurity in nursing homes and the lack of social relations for the HCrs.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-10-428

Referens

Nübling, M., Vomstein, M., Schmidt, S. G., Gregersen, S., Dulon, M., Nienhaus, A., (2010). Psychosocial work load and stress in the geriatric care. BMC public health, 10, S. 428.

The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire in Germany: from the validation of the instrument to the formation of a job-specific database of psychosocial factors at work

Nübling, M., Hasselhorn, H.-M.

Sammanfattning

The German version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) was established and tested in a sample of 2561 employees in order to: (a) assess the questionnaires' psychometric properties; and (b) develop an appropriate instrument to use in the assessment of psychosocial risk factors. A shortened version of the instrument was developed, reducing the number of items from 141 to 87. With this, a database has been established since 2005. In a cooperation model between science (Freiburg Research Centre of Occupational and Social Medicine) and companies or organizations, new COPSOQ data are added to the dynamically growing database with profession-specific profiles of psychosocial factors at work. In return, companies can compare their results with job-related data in the database, facilitating the interpretation of their results and the implementation of improvement measures. The COPSOQ database has reached > 25,000 respondents. Ongoing projects will expand the German COPSOQ database and include representative samples. Furthermore, a job exposure matrix for psychosocial factors at work will be constructed in 2009. Finally, in several projects, a first assessment has been followed by efforts to improve the problematic areas of psychosocial working conditions.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809353652

Referens

Nübling, M., Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2010). The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire in Germany: from the validation of the instrument to the formation of a job-specific database of psychosocial factors at work. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 120–124.

Double presence, paid work, and domestic-family work

Moreno, N., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Carrasquer, P.,

Sammanfattning

Double presence, which is understood as the need to respond simultaneously to the demands of paid and domestic-family work, mostly affects women and may negatively affect their health. Our hypothesis is that double presence increases as a function of the demands of domestic-family work, but is also associated with management practices related to the availability of time for paid work, prolonged and atypical work schedules, and heightened demands. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of the salaried population in Spain. Information was gathered through a standardized questionnaire administered through home visits. Statistical analysis shows a relationship between double presence and the demands of increased work schedules, rotating schedules, irregular schedules, and exposure to psychosocial risks (high quantitative and emotional psychological demands). Double presence should be considered as a variable in the evaluation of psychosocial risks, and collective bargaining should consider negotiating clauses that can impact it positively.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.2190/NS.20.4.h

Referens

Moreno, N., Moncada, S., Llorens, C., Carrasquer, P., (2010). Double presence, paid work, and domestic-family work. New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy:, NS 20 (4), S. 511–526.

Psychosocial work environment and its association with socioeconomic status. A comparison of Spain and Denmark

Moncada, S., Pejtersen, J. H., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Burr, H., Hasle, P., Bjorner, J. B.

Sammanfattning

Aims: The purpose of this study was to describe psychosocial work environment inequalities among wage earners in Spain and Denmark. Methods: Data came from the Spanish COPSOQ (ISTAS 21) and the Danish COPSOQ II surveys both performed in 2004–05 and based on national representative samples of employees with a 60% response rate. Study population was 3,359 Danish and 6,685 Spanish women and men. Only identical items from both surveys were included to construct 18 psychosocial scales. Socioeconomic status was categorized according to the European Socioeconomic Classification System. Analysis included ordinal logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis after categorizing all scales. Results: A relationship between socioeconomic status and psychosocial work environment in both Denmark and Spain was observed, with wider social inequalities in Spain for many scales, describing a strong interaction effect between socioeconomic status and country. Conclusions: Socioeconomic status is related to psychosocial work environment and some adverse psychosocial conditions tend to cluster in lower socioeconomic status groups in both Spain and Denmark. This effect could be modified by a country’s characteristics, such as economic and labour market structures, normative regulations and industrial relations including work organization. Hence, preventive strategies to reduce social inequalities in working conditions should consider the combination of actions at the macro and micro levels.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark, Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809353825

Referens

Moncada, S., Pejtersen, J. H., Navarro, A., Llorens, C., Burr, H., Hasle, P., Bjorner, J. B. (2010). Psychosocial work environment and its association with socioeconomic status. A comparison of Spain and Denmark. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 137–148.

Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment

Malloy, T., Penprase, B.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This study examines the relationship between leadership style and the psychosocial work environment of registered nurses. Background: Research consistently supports the positive relationship between transformational leadership style and job satisfaction. There is less evidence, which identifies the relationship between leadership style and psychosocial work environment. Methods: The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5× was used to identify the leadership style. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire was used to measure psychosocial work environment dimensions. Statistical analysis included Pearson's r correlation between leadership style and psychosocial work environment and anova to analyse group means. Results: There is a significant correlation between leadership style and 22 out of the 37 dimensions of the psychosocial work environment. This correlation was significant ranging from r = 0.88, P < 0.01 to r = 0.18, P < 0.05. Nurses divided into groups based on transformational leadership scores of the immediate supervisor report significant differences in their psychosocial work environment. Conclusions: This study supports the significant correlation between leadership style and psychosocial work environment for registered nurses. Implications for nursing management: The results of this study suggest that there would be an improvement in the nursing psychosocial work environment by implementation of transformational and contingent reward leadership behaviours.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

USA

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01094.x

Referens

Malloy, T., Penprase, B. (2010). Nursing leadership style and psychosocial work environment. Journal of nursing management, 18 (6), S. 715–725.

Person-related work and incident use of antidepressants: relations and mediating factors from the Danish work environment cohort study

Madsen, I. E. H., Diderichsen, F., Burr, H., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Previous Danish studies have shown that employees who “work with people” (ie, do person-related work) are at increased risk of hospitalization with a diagnosis of depression. However, these studies were purely register-based and consequently unable to point to factors underlying this elevated risk. This paper examines whether person-related work is associated with incident use of antidepressants, and whether this association is mediated by several work environment exposures. Methods: Self-reported data from the Danish work environment cohort study in 2000 were linked with the use of antidepressants between 2001–2006. We included 4958 respondents in our study after excluding those with severe depressive symptoms or use of antidepressants at baseline. Results: Compared to employees doing non-person-related work, the use of antidepressants was increased statistically significantly for healthcare workers and statistically non-significantly for educational workers. The use of antidepressants was not elevated for social or customer service workers, or those doing “other” types of person-related work. The increased risks of antidepressant-use for healthcare and educational workers were attenuated when adjusted for emotional demands at work. Conclusions: The results imply that healthcare and educational workers in Denmark are at increased risk of depression and that this risk is partly mediated by the high emotional demands of the work.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.3049

Referens

Madsen, I. E. H., Diderichsen, F., Burr, H., Rugulies, R. (2010). Person-related work and incident use of antidepressants: relations and mediating factors from the Danish work environment cohort study. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 36 (6), S. 435–444.

Psychosocial risk exposures and labour management practices. An exploratory approach

Llorens, C., Alos, R., Cano, E., Font, A., Jodar, P., Lopez, V., et al.

Sammanfattning

Aim: The purpose was to explore the relationship between psychosocial risk exposures and labour management practices (LMP), as indicators of work organization and pertinent features for primary preventive intervention. Methods: Cross-sectional study of a representative sample of salaried working population in Spain (n = 7,612). Information was obtained in 2004-2005 using a standardized questionnaire administered through personal interviews at the household. Questions on working conditions were used to establish LMP indicators and the psychosocial exposures data were obtained on the basis of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) I (ISTAS21). A multivariate description was performed through multiple correspondence analysis, and associations between LMPs and psychosocial exposures were assessed by ordinal logistic analysis adjusting for age and sex. Results: Correspondence analysis showed a good-bad coherent pattern regarding both psychosocial dimension and LMPs, though several LMPs categories were placed in the centre. Among the 14 possible associations of each psychosocial scale with LMP variables, several scales showed significant associations with more than eight LMP variables. Most relevant results referred to the LMP variable ‘‘Consultative and delegative participation in methods’’. Conclusions: In line with previous research, psychosocial exposures were associated with LMP. LMP may constitute a step on a pathway from work organization to health. Our exploratory work suggested that good psychosocial exposures were related to participatory working methods, being hired with a permanent labour contract, not being made to feel easily replaceable, having superiors with non-authoritarian and non-aggressive manners, not being threatened with dismissal, upward functional mobility, being paid according to the number of working hours and occupation, working between 31 and 40 hours per week and in regular morning shifts. Hence, the more these features became part of LMP in the workplace, the better the psychosocial work environment would be.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809354363

Referens

Llorens, C., Alos, R., Cano, E., Font, A., Jodar, P., Lopez, V., et al. (2010). Psychosocial risk exposures and labour management practices. An exploratory approach. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 125–136.

Psychosocial work environment and intention to leave the nursing profession: results from the longitudinal Chinese NEXT study

Li, J., Fu, H., Hu, Y., Shang, L., Wu, Y., Kristensen, T. S. et al.

Sammanfattning

Aims: A shortage of nurses happens not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries, such as in China, but the nurse turnover here makes the situation worse. Why do Chinese nurses want to leave the nursing profession? Our hypothesis is that unfavourable psychosocial work environment could predict nurses' intention to leave (ITL). Methods: Collaborating with the EU NEXT study (Nurses' Early eXit sTudy), the longitudinal study was conducted in China, and the psychosocial work environment was measured with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). A total of 3,088 registered female nurses working in hospitals were eligible for the baseline analyses by multivariate logistic regression, and 1,521 for the one-year follow-up analyses by multivariate Poisson regression. Results: A wide range of psychosocial factors at work--in particular, increased emotional demands, decreased meaning of work, decreased commitment to the workplace, and decreased job satisfaction--were associated with ITL in both baseline analyses and prospective analyses after adjusting for numerous confounders. Conclusions: The findings suggest that unfavourable psychosocial work environment predicts ITL in Chinese nurses. Improvements in the psychosocial work environment may be helpful in retention of the nursing workforce.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Kina

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1177/1403494809354361

Referens

Li, J., Fu, H., Hu, Y., Shang, L., Wu, Y., Kristensen, T. S. et al. (2010). Psychosocial work environment and intention to leave the nursing profession: results from the longitudinal Chinese NEXT study. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 69–80.

Psychopathology, defence mechanisms, and the psychosocial work environment

Larsen, A., Boggild, H., Mortensen, J. T., Foldager, L., Hansen, J., Christensen, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: The body of evidence verifies the predictive value of certain work characteristics for mental health problems and that various levels of adaptation mechanisms are employed when dealing with adversity. Data on the relationships between employees’ mental health status, their perceptions of work, and their psychological defences are scarce. Aims: To examine the role that personal defences play in the relationship between psychiatric symptoms among working people and their working environment. Methods: Nine hundred and seventy six employees (mean age = 42.4 years, SD = 11.3) participated in a questionnaire study that included the Defence Style Questionnaire, the Symptom Checklist 90 revised, and the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Results: Data showed that greater maturity of psychological defences was associated with higher level of psychological functioning and there were strong associations between presence of psychopathology and the three defence clusters. Results indicated a strong positive correlation between the mature defence style and the perception of a satisfactory workplace. There was no interaction between psychopathology and defences in relation to work environment. Conclusion: Psychopathology and defences were significantly associated with work conditions, which could suggest that adaptation mechanisms and psychopathology are two independent forms of adjustment to the rapidly changing world of work.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/0020764008099555

Referens

Larsen, A., Boggild, H., Mortensen, J. T., Foldager, L., Hansen, J., Christensen, A. et al. (2010). Psychopathology, defence mechanisms, and the psychosocial work environment. The International journal of social psychiatry, 56 (6), S. 563–577.

Bidirectional Assessment of Stress, job satisfaction and work ability of Educators in day care centres: a real-time observation study - the study protocol (BASE)

Kusma, B., Nienhaus, A., Spallek, M., Quarcoo, D., Groneberg, D. A., Mache, S.

Sammanfattning

Background: Occupational demands of educators are not very well researched. Nevertheless their work is subject to several requirements. Whether these demands have an effect on the work ability and the health status of employees has also not been examined. Furthermore it is unclear if the ownership type of day care centres have an influence on job satisfaction and work ability of the pedagogical staff and what kind of resources do exist. Previous studies were mainly based on questionnaire data. Objective data does not exist. Therefore the aim of this investigation is to collect precise data relating to work of educators. Methods: Effects of different types of ownership of day care centres on job satisfaction and work ability of educators will be assessed with the help of objective real time studies in combination with multi-level psycho diagnostic measurements. Discussion: The present study is the first of its kind. Up to now there are no computer-based real time studies on workflow of pedagogical staff with regard to assess their work-related stress. Following an exhaustive documentation of educators work processes the day-to-day task can be estimated and approaches for prevention can be developed. This can substantially contribute to an overall improvement of child care in Germany.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Undervisare

DOI

10.1186/1745-6673-5-16

Referens

Kusma, B., Nienhaus, A., Spallek, M., Quarcoo, D., Groneberg, D. A., Mache, S. (2010). Bidirectional Assessment of Stress, job satisfaction and work ability of Educators in day care centres: a real-time observation study - the study protocol (BASE). Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 5, S. 16.

A questionnaire is more than a questionnaire

Kristensen, T. S.

Sammanfattning

This special issue of the Scandinavian Journal of Public Health is devoted to articles on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ). I have been asked to participate with a personal contribution and have been given the freedom to write whatever I find appropriate. My main message in this article is that a questionnaire is not just a questionnaire. A questionnaire, such as COPSOQ, is a tool for creating theoretical insight, an eye opener for employees and employers, a way to create a new language, a bridge for building long lasting ties between researchers and workplaces, a way to give legitimacy to the field of psychosocial factors at work, an instrument for creating new personal and professional friendships, and – last but not least – a tool for improvement of the working conditions for thousands of employees and for increasing the productivity of the companies. I cannot cover all these aspects in detail but I will touch upon most of them in the following.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1177/1403494809354437

Referens

Kristensen, T. S. (2010). A questionnaire is more than a questionnaire. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 149–155.

The Key Indicator Method for Manual Handling Operations (KIM-MHO) - evaluation of a new method for the assessment of working conditions within a cross-sectional study

Klussmann, A., Steinberg, U., Liebers, F., Gebhardt, H., Rieger, M. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders are common in the working population. The economic and social impact of such disorders is considerable. Long-time, dynamic repetitive exposure of the hand-arm system during manual handling operations (MHO) alone or in combination with static and postural effort are recognised as causes of musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders. The assessment of these manual work tasks is crucial to estimate health risks of exposed employees. For these work tasks, a new method for the assessment of the working conditions was developed by the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA) and released as a draft in the year 2007. The draft of the so-called Key Indicator Method for Manual Handling Operations (KIM-MHO) was developed in analogy with the existing KIM for Lifting/Holding/Carrying (KIM-LHC) and Pulling/Pushing (KIM-PP) of loads. The KIM-MHO is designed to fill the gap existing in risk assessment of manual work processes, since the existing KIMs deal only with manual handling of loads.This research project focused on the following: - Examination of the validity of workplace assessment with the KIM-MHO comparing expert ratings with the results of the observations. - Examination of the objectivity of workplace assessment with the KIM-MHO applied by different examiners. - Examination of the criterion validity of the risk assessment provided by KIM-MHO with respect to the association between exposure and the occurrence and prevalence of health related outcomes. Methods/Design: To determine the objectivity and validity of workplace assessment, the KIM-MHO is applied by occupational health and safety officers at different workplaces involving manual handling operations.To determine the criterion validity of risk assessment, a survey of employees at different workplaces takes place with standardised questionnaires and interviews about symptoms in the neck and upper extremities. In addition, physical examinations of these employees following a standardised medical diagnostic procedure are also carried out. Discussion: This research project will provide scientific evaluation of the new KIM-MHO and, if necessary, indicate areas for modification to improve this new method for assessment of the health risk of manual handling operations at diverse workplaces.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1186/1471-2474-11-272

Referens

Klussmann, A., Steinberg, U., Liebers, F., Gebhardt, H., Rieger, M. A. (2010). The Key Indicator Method for Manual Handling Operations (KIM-MHO) - evaluation of a new method for the assessment of working conditions within a cross-sectional study. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 11, S. 272.

Prognostic factors for long-term sickness absence among employees with neck-shoulder and low-back pain

Holtermann, A., Hansen, J.V., Burr, H., Sogaard, K.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors for long-term sickness absence among employees with neck–shoulder or low-back pain. Methods: In 2000, a representative sample of Danish employees (N=5036) rated their average pain intensity in the neck–shoulder and low-back during the last three months on a 10-point scale; using a questionnaire, they also reported on physical and psychosocial work factors, health behavior, work ability and self-efficacy. Employees reporting pain intensity of ≥4 were considered to have musculoskeletal pain. As a result, we defined two populations to be included in our analyses: people with pain in the neck–shoulder (N=848) and low-back (N=676) regions. Data on long-term sickness absence of ≥3 weeks for the period 2001–2002 were attained from the Danish national register of social transfer payments. Results: One fifth of employees with neck–shoulder and low-back pain experienced long-term sickness absence during the two-year follow-up. Among employees with neck–shoulder and low-back pain, respectively, the main significant risk factors were (i) pain intensity [hazard ratio (HR)=1.12, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02–1.24 and HR=1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.26] and (ii) heavy physical work (HR=1.68, 95% CI 1.21–2.33 and HR=1.41 95% CI 1.00–2.01). Conclusion: Preventive initiatives for long-term sickness absence should aim to reduce pain intensity and heavy physical work among employees with neck–shoulder and low-back pain.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Holtermann, A., Hansen, J.V., Burr, H., Sogaard, K. (2010). Prognostic factors for long-term sickness absence among employees with neck-shoulder and low-back pain. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 36 (1), S. 34–41.

Coping with bullying in the workplace

Hogh, A., Dofradottir, A.

Sammanfattning

The purpose of the study was to investigate the 1-year prevalence of bullying in the form of repeated exposure to slander and/or nasty teasing in Danish workplaces, and to analyse whether respondents subjected to bullying use the same coping strategies as respondents who are not subjected to bullying. The results show that approximately 2% of the Danish employees are subjected to bullying at work. We compared the use of coping strategies in three groups: a non-exposed group, a somewhat exposed group, and a very exposed group (i.e., bullied). The results showed no linear association between the three groups, but a difference between being exposed and not exposed. The results seem to indicate that it is not necessarily the quantity of the negative acts that cause the change in behaviour but more the fact of being exposed to such acts.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1080/13594320143000825

Referens

Hogh, A., Dofradottir, A. (2010). Coping with bullying in the workplace. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 10 (4), S. 485–495.

Positive work-related states and long-term sickness absence: a study of register-based outcomes

Clausen, T., Christensen, K. B., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To investigate the association between positive work-related states and long-term sickness absence (LTSA). The positive states that were investigated were commitment to the work-place (CW) and experience of meaning of work (MW). Methods: This association was investigated using Poisson regression analysis. Data consisted of a merge between Danish register data on sickness absence compensation and survey data collected among 9,560 employees in the Danish eldercare sector. Results: CW and MW were significantly associated with LTSA. Employees experiencing low MW had a significantly increased risk of LTSA for more than two and eight weeks, when adjusted for psychosocial work characteristics, work-time arrangements and physical workload. Compared to employees with low and high CW, employees with medium CW had a significantly decreased risk of LTSA for more than eight weeks, when adjusted for psychosocial work characteristics, work-time arrangements and physical workload. Furthermore, employees with low CW had an increased risk of LTSA for more than two weeks, but this association became borderline insignificant when adjusted for psychosocial work characteristics, work-time arrangements and physical workload. The analyses also revealed an interaction effect between CW and MW in predicting LTSA for more than eight weeks. Conclusions: CW and MW are associated with LTSA. Against our expectations, however, we found that high levels of CW and MW were not protective against LTSA. Instead, low levels of MW proved decisive in predicting LTSA, and medium levels of CW had a protective effect on LTSA for more than eight weeks.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1177/1403494809352105

Referens

Clausen, T., Christensen, K. B., Borg, V. (2010). Positive work-related states and long-term sickness absence: a study of register-based outcomes. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 51–58.

Psychosocial Work Characteristics as Predictors of Affective Organisational Commitment. A Longitudinal Multi-Level Analysis of Occupational Well-Being

Clausen, T., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

The purpose of this study was to identify longitudinal associations between psychosocial work characteristics and affective organisational commitment among 6,299 employees in the Danish eldercare services. Individual-level measures and group-level measures of psychosocial work characteristics were included in multi-level analyses. At the workgroup level, quality of leadership, influence at work, emotional demands, and work pace predicted affective organisational commitment at follow-up. At the individual level, quality of leadership, influence at work, team climate, role ambiguity, and work pace predicted affective organisational commitment at follow-up. Finally, a multi-level model including both individual- and group-level measures showed that quality of leadership measured at the group level and influence at work and quality of leadership measured at the individual level contributed to predicting affective organisational commitment at follow-up, while adjusting for baseline levels of affective organisational commitment. The results thus imply that affective organisational commitment is conditioned by individual and contextual factors in the psychosocial work environment and that multi-level models add to our understanding of complex organisational phenomena. As affective organisational commitment can be considered an important constituent of occupational well-being, implications for interventions in the psychosocial work environment to increase affective organisational commitment are also discussed.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01031.x

Referens

Clausen, T., Borg, V. (2010). Psychosocial Work Characteristics as Predictors of Affective Organisational Commitment. A Longitudinal Multi-Level Analysis of Occupational Well-Being. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being.

Do positive work-related states mediate the association between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover? A longitudinal analysis

Clausen, T., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

This study investigated whether positive work-related states—affective organizational commitment and experience of meaning at work—mediated the association between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover. A prospective cohort study was conducted among employees in eldercare services in Denmark. Employees no longer working in eldercare at follow-up were interviewed with questionnaires. Respondents to this questionnaire were coded as cases of turnover (n = 730) and were compared with employees who had not changed jobs during the follow-up period (n = 5,262). Data on positive work-related states and psychosocial work characteristics were measured at baseline in the cohort study. We used logistic regression analyses to investigate whether positive work-related states mediated the association between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover. Initial analyses showed that psychosocial work characteristics significantly predicted turnover. Subsequent analyses showed that affective organizational commitment and experience of meaning at work significantly reduced the risk of turnover, and the mediators attenuated the associations between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover. Accordingly, the results show that positive work-related states mediate the longitudinal association between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover. The results furthermore imply that turnover among staff in eldercare can be reduced by enhancing positive work-related states and improving the psychosocial work environment.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1037/a0021069

Referens

Clausen, T., Borg, V. (2010). Do positive work-related states mediate the association between psychosocial work characteristics and turnover? A longitudinal analysis. International Journal of Stress Management, 17 (4), S. 308–324.

Do dimensions from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and effort-reward imbalance models?

Burr, H., Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R., Hannerz, H.

Sammanfattning

Aims: The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) comprises dimensions (emotional demands, demands of hiding emotions, meaning of work, quality of leadership, and predictability) that are not in the job strain or the effort—reward imbalance (ERI) models. The study aim was to investigate whether these dimensions explain changes in vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and ERI models. Methods: A cohort of 3552 employees in 2000 were followed up in 2005 (cohort participation of 51%). Regression analyses were carried out with mental health and vitality as dependent variables. A significance level of 0.01 was applied when comparing regression models. Results: Regarding mental health, both the full COPSOQ—ERI model (p = 0.005) and the full job strain—COPSOQ model (p = 0.01) were significantly better than the ERI and the job strain models. Regarding vitality, none of the full COPSOQ models (i.e. with new COPSOQ dimensions together with job strain or ERI respectively) was significantly better than the ERI (p = 0.03) or the job strain (p = 0.04) models. Emotional demands and low meaning of work predicted poor mental health and low vitality. Conclusions: In relation to mental health, new psychosocial risk factors have the potential to add to the predictive power of the job strain and ERI models. The current practice of including only items from the ERI and job strain models in public health studies should be reconsidered. Theories regarding the status of, for example, emotional demands and meaning of work should be developed and tested.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809353436

Referens

Burr, H., Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R., Hannerz, H. (2010). Do dimensions from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire predict vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and effort-reward imbalance models?. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 59–68.

Evaluating construct validity of the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire through analysis of differential item functioning and differential item effect

Bjorner, J. B., Pejtersen, J. H.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To evaluate the construct validity of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) by means of tests for differential item functioning (DIF) and differential item effect (DIE). Methods: We used a Danish general population postal survey (n = 4,732 with 3,517 wage earners) with a one-year register based follow up for long-term sickness absence. DIF was evaluated against age, gender, education, social class, public/private sector employment, and job type using ordinal logistic regression. DIE was evaluated against job satisfaction and self-rated health (using ordinal logistic regression), against depressive symptoms, burnout, and stress (using multiple linear regression), and against long-term sick leave (using a proportional hazards model). We used a cross-validation approach to counter the risk of significant results due to multiple testing. Results: Out of 1,052 tests, we found 599 significant instances of DIF/DIE, 69 of which showed both practical and statistical significance across two independent samples. Most DIF occurred for job type (in 20 cases), while we found little DIF for age, gender, education, social class and sector. DIE seemed to pertain to particular items, which showed DIE in the same direction for several outcome variables. Discussion: The results allowed a preliminary identification of items that have a positive impact on construct validity and items that have negative impact on construct validity. These results can be used to develop better shortform measures and to improve the conceptual framework, items and scales of the COPSOQ II. Conclusions: We conclude that tests of DIF and DIE are useful for evaluating construct validity.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1177/1403494809352533

Referens

Bjorner, J. B., Pejtersen, J. H. (2010). Evaluating construct validity of the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire through analysis of differential item functioning and differential item effect. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 90–105.

An interdisciplinary approach to teachers' voice disorders and psychosocial working conditions

Bermúdez de Alvear, R.M., Martínez-Arquero, G., Barón, F.J., Hernández-Mendo, A.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The goals of this epidemiological paper are focused on studying teachers’ vocal complaints, their voice pattern, and the impact of voice disorders on psychosocial working conditions. Patients: A representative stratified random sample of 282 teachers from kindergartens and elementary schools was studied. Two types of self-report questionnaires were applied: an inquiry about teachers’ occupational voice profile, and the adapted Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (ISTAS-21). Pearson’s χ2 test was performed to search for statistical associations. Results: 62.7% of subjects were experiencing occupational voice disorders; these teachers showed significantly worse psychosocial conditions than their healthy voice colleagues. Conclusions: Occupational voice disorders affect more than 60% of teachers and have an impact on their psychosocial working conditions. Interdisciplinary work is essential to shed light on these multifactor mechanisms and effects.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Lärare

DOI

10.1159/000239060

Referens

Bermúdez de Alvear, R.M., Martínez-Arquero, G., Barón, F.J., Hernández-Mendo, A. (2010). An interdisciplinary approach to teachers' voice disorders and psychosocial working conditions. Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP), 62 (1-2), S. 24–34.

When workplace interventions lead to negative effects: learning from failures

Aust, B., Rugulies, R., Finken A., Jensen, C.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To investigate if workplace interventions resulted in changes in the psychosocial work environment. Process evaluation was conducted to study the implementation process and to use this knowledge to understand the results. Methods: Seven intervention units (n = 128) and seven non-randomized reference units (n = 103) of a large hospital in Denmark participated in an intervention project with the goal of improving the psychosocial working conditions. The intervention consisted of discussion days for all staff, employee working groups, leader coaching, and activities to improve communication and cooperation. Measures of the psychosocial work environment were conducted before the start of the intervention and again after 16 months using 13 scales from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, version I (COPSOQ I). Results: In the intervention units there was a statistically significant worsening in six out of 13 work environment scales. The decrease was most pronounced for three scales that measure aspects of interpersonal relations and leadership. In addition, all three scales that measure aspects of work organization and job content decreased. In comparison, the reference group showed statistically significant changes in only two scales. Process evaluation revealed that a large part of the implementation failed and that different implicit theories were at play. Conclusions: Without the insights gained from process data the negative effects of this intervention could not be understood. Sometimes — as it seems happened in this study — more harm can be done by disappointing expectations than by not conducting an intervention.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Sjukhuspersonal

DOI

10.1177/1403494809354362

Referens

Aust, B., Rugulies, R., Finken A., Jensen, C. (2010). When workplace interventions lead to negative effects: learning from failures. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 106–119.

The effect of the work environment and performance-based self-esteem on cognitive stress symptoms among Danish knowledge workers

Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R., Garde, A.H., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Aims: Interpersonal relations at work as well as individual factors seem to play prominent roles in the modern labour market, and arguably also for the change in stress symptoms. The aim was to examine whether exposures in the psychosocial work environment predicted symptoms of cognitive stress in a sample of Danish knowledge workers (i.e. employees working with sign, communication or exchange of knowledge) and whether performance-based self-esteem had a main effect, over and above the work environmental factors. Methods: 349 knowledge workers, selected from a national, representative cohort study, were followed up with two data collections, 12 months apart. We used data on psychosocial work environment factors and cognitive stress symptoms measured with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), and a measurement of performance-based self-esteem. Effects on cognitive stress symptoms were analyzed with a GLM procedure with and without adjustment for baseline level. Results: Measures at baseline of quantitative demands, role conflicts, lack of role clarity, recognition, predictability, influence and social support from management were positively associated with cognitive stress symptoms 12 months later. After adjustment for baseline level of cognitive stress symptoms, follow-up level was only predicted by lack of predictability. Performance-based self-esteem was prospectively associated with cognitive stress symptoms and had an independent effect above the psychosocial work environment factors on the level of and changes in cognitive stress symptoms. Conclusions: The results suggest that both work environmental and individual characteristics should be taken into account in order to capture sources of stress in modern working life.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Kunskapsarbetare

DOI

10.1177/1403494809352104

Referens

Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R., Garde, A.H., Burr, H. (2010). The effect of the work environment and performance-based self-esteem on cognitive stress symptoms among Danish knowledge workers. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 81–89.

Invisible work, unseen hazards: The health of women immigrant household service workers in Spain

Ahonen, E. Q., Lopez-Jacob, M. J., Vazquez, M. L., Porthe, V., Gil-Gonzalez, D., Garcia, A. M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Background: Household service work has been largely absent from occupational health studies. We examine the occupational hazards and health effects identified by immigrant women household service workers. Methods: Exploratory, descriptive study of 46 documented and undocumented immigrant women in household services in Spain, using a phenomenological approach. Data were collected between September 2006 and May 2007 through focus groups and semi-structured individual interviews. Data were separated for analysis by documentation status and sorted using a mixed-generation process. In a second phase of analysis, data on psychosocial hazards were organized using the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire as a guide. Results: Informants reported a number of environmental, ergonomic and psychosocial hazards and corresponding health effects. Psychosocial hazards were especially strongly present in data. Data on reported hazards were similar by documentation status and varied by several emerging categories: whether participants were primarily cleaners or carers and whether they lived in or outside of the homes of their employers. Documentation status was relevant in terms of empowerment and bargaining, but did not appear to influence work tasks or exposure to hazards directly. Conclusions: Female immigrant household service workers are exposed to a variety of health hazards that could be acted upon by improved legislation, enforcement, and preventive workplace measures, which are discussed.

År

2010

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Hushållsnära servicepersonal

DOI

10.1002/ajim.20710

Referens

Ahonen, E. Q., Lopez-Jacob, M. J., Vazquez, M. L., Porthe, V., Gil-Gonzalez, D., Garcia, A. M. et al. (2010). Invisible work, unseen hazards: The health of women immigrant household service workers in Spain. American journal of industrial medicine, 53 (4), S. 405–416.

Social patterns of pay systems and their associations with psychosocial job characteristics and burnout among paid employees in Taiwan

Yeh, W.-Y., Cheng, Y., Chen, C.-J.

Sammanfattning

Today, performance-based pay systems, also known as variable pay systems, are commonly implemented in workplaces as a business strategy to improve workers' performance and reduce labor costs. However, their impact on workers' job stress and stress-related health outcomes has rarely been investigated. By utilizing data from a nationally representative sample of paid employees in Taiwan, we examined the distribution of variable pay systems across socio-demographic categories and employment sectors. We also examined the associations of pay systems with psychosocial job characteristics (assessed by Karasek's Demand-Control model) and self-reported burnout status (measured by the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory). A total of 8906 men and 6382 women aged 25-65 years were studied, and pay systems were classified into three categories, i.e., fixed salary, performance-based pay (with a basic salary), and piece-rated or time-based pay (without a basic salary). Results indicated that in men, 57% of employees were given a fixed salary, 24% were given a performance-based pay, and 19% were remunerated through a piece-rated or time-based pay. In women, the distributions of the 3 pay systems were 64%, 20% and 15%, respectively. Among the three pay systems, employees earning through a performance-based pay were found to have the longest working hours, highest level of job control, and highest percentage of workers who perceived high stress at work. Those remunerated through a piece-rated/time-based pay were found to have the lowest job control, shortest working hours, highest job insecurity, lowest potential for career growth, and lowest job satisfaction. The results of multivariate regression analyses showed that employees earning through performance-based and piece-rated pay systems showed higher scores for personal burnout and work-related burnout, as compared to those who were given fixed salaries, after adjusting for age, education, marital status, employment grade, job characteristics, and family care workloads. As variable pay systems have gained in popularity, findings from this study call for more attention on the tradeoff between the widely discussed management advantages of such pay systems and the health burden they place on employees.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.031

Referens

Yeh, W.-Y., Cheng, Y., Chen, C.-J. (2009). Social patterns of pay systems and their associations with psychosocial job characteristics and burnout among paid employees in Taiwan. Social science & medicine, (1982) 68 (8), S. 1407–1415.

Generating support from supervisors to their subordinates in organizations under external pressure: a multilevel, multisource study of support and reciprocation in Danish elder care

Winsløw, J. H., Nielsen, K., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This paper is a report of a study investigating the association between the support experienced by supervisors from superiors and from fellow supervisors, on the one hand, and the support experienced by subordinates from their supervisors, on the other hand, in organizations under external pressure. Background: It is known from studies in other sectors that supervisors' support of workers is important for retaining them in the organization. From the literature on social exchange in the workplace it can be hypothesized that support from managers is one way to generate supervisor supportiveness towards their subordinates. Methods: A survey was conducted in 15 Danish local government services providing care for senior citizens. The data were collected in 2006. Results: Multilevel analyses revealed that the more supervisors felt supported by fellow supervisors, the more their subordinates felt supported by them. There was no statistically significant association between how much supervisors felt supported by their immediate superiors and how much supervisors' subordinates felt supported by them. Conclusions: Under conditions comparable to those of Danish elder care today, more is to be gained in terms of generating supportive behaviour towards subordinates from supervisors by empowering them to support each other rather than by increasing support from their superiors. Research is needed to identify methods and structures of mutual support between supervisors in the healthcare sector that will aid them in supporting their subordinates.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05122.x

Referens

Winsløw, J. H., Nielsen, K., Borg, V. (2009). Generating support from supervisors to their subordinates in organizations under external pressure: a multilevel, multisource study of support and reciprocation in Danish elder care. Journal of advanced nursing, 65 (12), S. 2649–2657.

Occupational stress and burnout of lawyers

Tsai, F.-J., Huang, W.-L., Chan, C.-C.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the associations between burnout and occupational stress measured by demand-control support (DCS) and effort-reward imbalance (ERI) models among lawyers. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 180 lawyers from 26 law firms in the Taipei Bar. The Chinese version of Karasek's job content questionnaire (C-JCQ) and the Chinese version of Siegrist's ERI questionnaire (C-ERI) were used to measure occupational stress, and the Chinese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (C-CBI) questionnaire was used to measure personal, work-related and client-related burnout. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associations between burnout and lawyers' occupational stress and job specialty adjusting for age, gender, marital status, work experience, working hours per day, firm size and the significant occupational stress of each model for the other. Results: Lawyers reported relatively higher scores in job control, psychological demands and effort, and high prevalence of self-perceived work stress. Litigious lawyers had higher decision authority and workplace social support, higher work-related burnout and higher client-related burnout than non-litigious lawyers. Personal burnout and work-related burnout were associated with high psychological demands, effort, and effort-reward ratio. Conclusions: High occupational stress was associated with high levels of personal and work-related burnout among lawyers.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Taiwan

Yrken

Advokater

DOI

10.1539/joh.L8179

Referens

Tsai, F.-J., Huang, W.-L., Chan, C.-C. (2009). Occupational stress and burnout of lawyers. Journal of occupational health, 51 (5), S. 443–450.

Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of sleep disturbances. Cross-sectional and prospective results from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study

Rugulies, R., Norborg, M., Sorensen, T. S., Knudsen, L. E., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze if adverse psychosocial working conditions, defined by the model of effort-reward imbalance (ERI), increase the risk of sleep disturbances in the Danish workforce. Methods: Analyses were conducted both cross-sectionally and prospectively in a representative sample of Danish employees. The cross-sectional sample included 2614 participants (50% women) aged 18-59 years, of whom 263 had sleep disturbances. Of the 2351 participants initially free of sleep disturbances, 304 (12.9%) developed sleep disturbances during the 5-year follow-up. Data were analyzed with gender-stratified, multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses, adjusted for numerous covariates. Results: Cross-sectionally, a 1 S.D. increase in the ERI ratio was associated with sleep disturbances among both men [odds ratio (OR)=1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.20-2.27] and women (OR=1.82, 95% CI=1.46-2.28). In the prospective analysis, a 1 S.D. increase of the ERI ratio at baseline predicted the onset of sleep disturbances among men (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.03-1.87) but not among women (OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.76-1.24). Conclusion: Among men, ERI is a risk factor for the development of sleep disturbances in the Danish workforce. Among women, an association between ERI and sleep disturbances was restricted to the cross-sectional sample. Improving psychosocial working conditions might reduce the risk of sleep disturbances and subsequently also help to prevent clinical disorders related to sleep disturbances.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.05.005

Referens

Rugulies, R., Norborg, M., Sorensen, T. S., Knudsen, L. E., Burr, H. (2009). Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of sleep disturbances. Cross-sectional and prospective results from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. Journal of psychosomatic research, 66 (1), S. 75–83.

Distribution of effort-reward imbalance in Denmark and its prospective association with a decline in self-rated health

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Siegrist, J., dem Knesebeck, O. V., Bultmann, U., Bjorner, J. B., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To analyze the distribution of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and to investigate its impact on self-rated health in a representative sample of the Danish workforce. Methods: We studied 4977 employees who responded to a questionnaire in 2000, of which 3470 responded to a follow-up survey in 2005. Results: The highest (ie, most unfavorable) ERI ratio was found in executives in the public sector, social workers, managing clerks in the public sector, and medical secretaries. A one standard deviation increase of the ERI ratio predicted a 12% (95% confidence intervals = 1.01 to 1.24) decline in self-rated health after adjustment for all covariates. Conclusions: This is the first study that identified job groups with a high exposure to ERI in a representative sample of a national workforce. ERI was a risk factor for a decline in self-rated health.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181a9086c

Referens

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Siegrist, J., dem Knesebeck, O. V., Bultmann, U., Bjorner, J. B., Burr, H. (2009). Distribution of effort-reward imbalance in Denmark and its prospective association with a decline in self-rated health. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 51 (8), S. 870–878.

The development of the psychosocial work environment in Denmark from 1997 to 2005

Pejtersen, J. H., Kristensen, T. S.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of the study was to elucidate the development of the psychosocial work environment in Denmark from 1997–2005. Methods: The analyses were based on two national questionnaire surveys (N1=1062; N2=3517) of randomly selected employees who completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. The psychosocial work environment was described by 19 scales and 6 single items. Results: Quality of leadership and social support from supervisors were the only dimensions that saw improvements. The negative developments were: higher work pace, less influence (job control), less ­possibilities for development (skill discretion), lower level of meaning of work, more role conflicts, decreased role clarity, reduced sense of community, less social support from colleagues, increased conflicts at work, more threats of violence and more slander and gossip. Conclusions: The psychosocial work environment in Denmark has deteriorated during the period 1997–2005. This deterioration was seen not just among certain groups of employees but in all subgroups, incorporating gender, age and socioeconomic status. The negative development of a country’s psychosocial work environment is worrying; as such, there is a strong need to change this negative trend.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.1334

Referens

Pejtersen, J. H., Kristensen, T. S. (2009). The development of the psychosocial work environment in Denmark from 1997 to 2005. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 35 (4), S. 284–293.

Prevalence of workplace bullying and risk groups: a representative population study

Ortega, A., Hogh, A., Pejtersen, J. H., Feveile, H., Olsen, O.

Sammanfattning

To estimate the prevalence of bullying and to identify risk groups in a representative population sample. The data for this study was taken from the second Danish Psychosocial Work Environment Study (DPWES). The sample consisted of 3,429 employees between 20 and 59-years. The response rate for the study was 60.4%. The study showed that 8.3% of the respondents had been bullied within the past year, 1.6% of the sample reported daily to weekly bullying. Co-workers (71.5%) and managers/supervisors (32.4%) were most often reported as perpetrators of bullying, but bullying from subordinates (6%) was also reported. We found significant differences in the prevalence of bullying for both occupational status and work process, a variable characterizing the employees main task in their job. Unskilled workers reported the highest prevalence of bullying, while managers/supervisors the lowest prevalence. People working with things (male-dominated occupations) and people working with clients/patients (female-dominated occupations) reported higher prevalence of bullying than people working with symbols or customers. No significant gender or age differences were found. These findings suggest that types of work and gender ratio are risk factors in the onset of workplace bullying. Future studies should take into account the type of work and the gender ratio of the organization.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-008-0339-8

Referens

Ortega, A., Hogh, A., Pejtersen, J. H., Feveile, H., Olsen, O. (2009). Prevalence of workplace bullying and risk groups: a representative population study. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 82 (3), S. 417–426.

Managers' Active Support when Implementing Teams. The Impact on Employee Well-Being

Nielsen, K., Randall, R.

Sammanfattning

Research has shown that a variety of organisational change interventions can be effective but the powerful positive results of an intervention do not always generalise to other similar settings. Problems with implementation and a difficult intervention context have been shown to undermine the effectiveness of promising interventions. The impact that middle managers have on the change process and intervention outcomes has not been widely researched. This longitudinal intervention study was carried out in the elderly care sector in a large Danish local government organisation (N = 188), where poor social support, and lack of role clarity and meaningful work had been identified as significant problems. To tackle these problems, teamwork was implemented, with teams having some degree of self-management. It examined whether middle managers' active support for the intervention mediated its impact on working conditions, well-being and job satisfaction. Structural equation modelling showed that middle managers' active involvement in implementing the change partially mediated the relationship between working conditions at time 1 and time 2. Working conditions at time 2 were in turn related to time 2 job satisfaction and well-being. These results suggest that the degree to which employees perceive their middle managers to play an active role in implementing change is related to intervention outcomes.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Intervention

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01016.x

Referens

Nielsen, K., Randall, R. (2009). Managers' Active Support when Implementing Teams. The Impact on Employee Well-Being. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1 (3), S. 374–390.

Psychosocial working conditions and depressive symptoms among Swedish employees

Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Theorell, T., Bech, P., Rugulies, R., Burr, H., Hyde, M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Purpose: To investigate prospective associations between working conditions and depressive symptoms in Swedish men and women. Methods: The study was based on SLOSH (N = 5,985), a follow-up of a representative sample of gainfully employed Swedes 16-64 years of age from the Swedish Work Environment Survey 2003. Work demands, decision authority, support and conflicts at work were measured in 2003. Depressive symptoms were recorded in 2006 by a short version of the depression subscale of the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Linear regression analyses were performed. Results: After adjusting for an indicator of previous depressive symptoms and covariates, conflicts with fellow workers in men were associated with depressive symptoms, whereas demands (men), support from fellow workers (women), and decision authority predicted lower scores. Conclusions: The study supports the theory that decision authority, support and conflicts at work are predictive of depressive symptoms in the general Swedish working population.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00420-009-0406-9

Referens

Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Theorell, T., Bech, P., Rugulies, R., Burr, H., Hyde, M. et al. (2009). Psychosocial working conditions and depressive symptoms among Swedish employees. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 82 (8), S. 951–960.

Physicians' working conditions and job satisfaction: does hospital ownership in Germany make a difference?

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Nienhaus, A., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: A growing number of German hospitals have been privatized with the intention of increasing cost effectiveness and improving the quality of health care. Numerous studies investigated what possible qualitative and economic consequences these changes issues might have on patient care.However, little is known about how this privatization trend relates to physicians' working conditions and job satisfaction. It was anticipated that different working conditions would be associated with different types of hospital ownership. To that end, this study's purpose is to compare how physicians, working for both public and privatized hospitals, rate their respective psychosocial working conditions and job satisfaction. Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional comparison using questionnaire data from 203 physicians working at German hospitals of different ownership types (private for-profit, public and private nonprofit). Results: The present study shows that several aspects of physicians' perceived working conditions differ significantly depending on hospital ownership. However, results also indicated that physicians' job satisfaction does not vary between different types of hospital ownership. Finally, it was demonstrated that job demands and resources are associated with job satisfaction, while type of ownership is not. Conclusions: This study represents one of a few studies that investigate the effect of hospital ownership on physicians work situation and demonstrated that the type of ownership is a potential factor accounting for differences in working conditions. The findings provide an informative basis to find solutions improving physicians' work at German hospitals.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1186/1472-6963-9-148

Referens

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Nienhaus, A., Klapp, B. F., Groneberg, D. A. (2009). Physicians' working conditions and job satisfaction: does hospital ownership in Germany make a difference?. BMC health services research, 9, S. 148.

Medical work Assessment in German hospitals: a Real-time Observation study (MAGRO) - the study protocol

Mache, S., Groneberg, D. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The increasing economic pressure characterizes the current situation in health care and the need to justify medical decisions and organizational processes due to limited financial resources is omnipresent. Physicians tend to interpret this development as a decimation of their own medical influence. This becomes even more obvious after a change in hospital ownership i.e. from a public to a private profit oriented organization. In this case each work procedure is revised. To date, most research studies have focused mainly on differences between hospitals of different ownership regarding financial outcomes and quality of care, leaving important organizational issues unexplored. Little attention has been devoted to the effects of hospital ownership on physicians' working routines. The aim of this observational real time study is to deliver exact data about physicians' work at hospitals of different ownership. Methods: The consequences of different management types on the organizational structures of the physicians' work situation and on job satisfaction in the ward situation are monitored by objective real time studies and multi-level psycho diagnostic measurements. Discussion: This study is unique in its focus. To date no results have been found for computer-based real time studies on work activity in the clinical field in order to objectively evaluate a physician's work-related stress. After a complete documentation of the physicians' work processes the daily work flow can be estimated and systematically optimized. This can stimulate an overall improvement of health care services in Germany.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1186/1745-6673-4-12

Referens

Mache, S., Groneberg, D. A. (2009). Medical work Assessment in German hospitals: a Real-time Observation study (MAGRO) - the study protocol. Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 4, S. 12.

Self-reported noise exposure as a risk factor for long-term sickness absence

Clausen, T., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T., Kristiansen, J.

Sammanfattning

Self-reported noise exposure is on the rise in Denmark. Little is known, however, about the social consequences, including sickness absence, of noise exposure. The aim of this paper was to investigate the association between self-reported noise exposure and long-term sickness absence. The association was investigated using the Cox proportional hazards model to analyze outcomes in Danish register data on the basis of Danish survey data (5357 employees aged 18-69 in 2000). The analyses showed that self-reported noise exposure was significantly associated with long-term sickness absence for both men and women when adjusting for demographic factors and health behavior. After further adjustment for physical workload at work the association between noise exposure and sickness absence disappeared for women, but not for men. Men that reported to be exposed to loud noise between one-quarter and three-quarters of their time at work had an increased risk of 43% (CI: 10-85%) for sickness absence of two weeks or longer compared to men that reported never to be exposed to loud noise. Men that reported to be little/rarely exposed to loud noise had an increased risk of 37% (CI: 7-76%). Men that reported to be exposed to loud noise more than three-quarters of their time at work did not have an increased risk of sickness absence. This latter result might be due a healthy worker effect and/or more frequent use of hearing protection in this group. Along with evidence from previous studies these results provide further support for an association between occupational noise exposure and sickness absence.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.4103/1463-1741.50693

Referens

Clausen, T., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T., Kristiansen, J. (2009). Self-reported noise exposure as a risk factor for long-term sickness absence. Noise & health, 11 (43), S. 93–97.

Introduction to the supplement on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire -- in honour of Tage Sondergard Kristensen

Bjorner, J. B., Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R.

Sammanfattning

This special issue was conceived as a tribute to Tage Søndergaard Kristensen when he retired from the position as professor at the National Research Centre for the Working Environment to pursue acareer as independent researcher and consultant. We chose the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) as a theme, since this questionnaire was co-developed by Tage, has been the focus of his research activities for the past 10 years, and synthesizes much of his thinking about the psychosocial working environment. The COPSOQ aims to provide occupational health practitioners and researchers with a tool for assessing the psychosocial working environment that is generic in the sense that it is applicable across job groups and provides a broad and detailed description of the working environment, rather than being linked to one particular theory. The questionnaire has generated broad international interest and has so far been translated into 15 languages.

År

2009

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1177/1403494809354842

Referens

Bjorner, J. B., Albertsen, K., Rugulies, R. (2009). Introduction to the supplement on the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire -- in honour of Tage Sondergard Kristensen. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38 (3 Suppl), S. 4–7.

Resources and quality of care in services for the elderly

Winsløw, J. H., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aims: To investigate the association between resources of the workplace and the quality of care in municipal long-term care. At the municipal level, the resources comprised the proportion of care workers with a long period of professional training and the relative availability of care-giving manpower. At the level of the organizational unit, the resources comprised aspects of the psychosocial working environment. Methods: A survey of 7,500 care workers in 36 municipalities in Denmark was performed. Quality of care was measured by seven standardized questions in a questionnaire. Data on the psychosocial resources of the workplace were aggregated responses from the care workers to questions from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Data on the training and relative availability of care workers were derived by combining information from payroll lists and data available from government databases. Results: There was a positive association between psychosocial resources at the level of the organizational unit and the quality of care provided by the individual care worker. There was no association between the level of professional training of the municipal workforce of care-givers and the quality of care provided by the individual care worker. There was a complex relationship between the relative availability of care-giving manpower at the municipal level and the quality of care provided by the individual care worker. Conclusions: Improving the psychosocial working environment of care workers is one key to securing sufficient caring staff for the long-term care sector; increasing manpower or increasing the proportion of highly trained staff are not in themselves such keys.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1177/1403494807086972

Referens

Winsløw, J. H., Borg, V. (2008). Resources and quality of care in services for the elderly. Scandinavian journal of public health, 36 (3), S. 272–278.

Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce

Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Mortensen, P. B., Burr, H., Tuchsen, F., Bonde, J. P.

Sammanfattning

Background: To examine the risk of depressive and anxiety disorders according to psychosocial working conditions in a large population-based sample. Methods: Job Exposure Matrix was applied to assess psychosocial working conditions in a population-based nested case-control study of 14,166 psychiatric patients, diagnosed with depressive or anxiety disorders during 1995–1998 selected from The Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register, compared with 58,060 controls drawn from Statistics Denmark's Integrated Database for Labour Market Research. Results: Low job control was associated with an increased risk of anxiety disorders in men (IRR 1.40, 95% CI 1.24–1.58). In women an elevated risk of depression was related to high emotional demands (IRR 1.39, 95%CI 1.22–1.58) and to working with people (IRR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.30). In both sexes high demands were associated with a decreased risk of anxiety disorders. There was a weak association between job strain and anxiety disorders in men (IRR 1.13, 95%, CI 1.02–1.25) Conclusion: Psychosocial work exposures related to the risk of depressive and anxiety disorders differ as between the sexes. The pattern of risks is inconsistent. The results give rise to rethinking both study designs and possible causal links between work exposures and mental health.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-8-280

Referens

Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Mortensen, P. B., Burr, H., Tuchsen, F., Bonde, J. P. (2008). Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce. BMC public health, 8, S. 280.

The Demand-Control-Support model and intent to leave across six European countries. The role of employment opportunities

Widerszal-Bazyl, M., Radkiewicz, P., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Maurice Conway, P., van der Heijden, B., Group the NEXT Study

Sammanfattning

In this paper, the explanatory power of the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) model for intent to leave (ITL) a job was tested, with employment opportunities (EO) taken into consideration. It was hypothesized that, when employment opportunities are low, the explanatory power of the DCS model for ITL is low because workers have no possibility of finding a new job despite the stressful characteristics of their current one. Analyses were performed on 16,052 female nurses from six European countries who were participating in the Nurses’ Early Exit Study (NEXT). A country's unemployment rate and perceived employment opportunities were measures of EO. The results of multivariate regression analyses revealed that (controlling, among other things, for type of work contract) demands were related to ITL irrespective of EO. However, control and social support were more strongly related to ITL: (1) in countries with low (versus high) unemployment rate, and (2) among individuals with high (versus low) perceived employment opportunities. The DCS model, in its additive version (the main effects of the three dimensions), had better explanatory power for ITL in low unemployment rate countries only. The results suggest that employment opportunities may influence the explanatory power of the DCS model in relation not only to intent to leave but also to other outcomes.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1080/02678370801999750

Referens

Widerszal-Bazyl, M., Radkiewicz, P., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Maurice Conway, P., van der Heijden, B., Group the NEXT Study (2008). The Demand-Control-Support model and intent to leave across six European countries. The role of employment opportunities. Work & Stress, 22 (2), S. 166–184.

Work-home interference among nurses: reciprocal relationships with job demands and health

van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B.

Sammanfattning

Aims: This paper is a report of a study with three aims: (i) to investigate whether emotional, quantitative and physical demands have a causal, negative impact on nurses' health; (ii) to examine whether work-home interference can explain this effect, by playing a mediating role; and (iii) to test the so-called loss spiral hypothesis claiming that nurses' health problems lead to even higher job demands and more work-home interference over time. Background: While many scholars have thought in terms of the stressor-->work-home interference-->strain model, the validity of a model that includes opposite pathways needs to be tested. Methods: A questionnaire was completed twice, with a 1-year time interval by 753 (63.4%) Registered Nurses working in hospitals, 183 (15.4%) working in nursing homes, and 251 (21.1%) working in home care institutions. The first measurement took place between October 2002 and June 2003. Findings: Our findings strongly support the idea of cross-lagged, reciprocal relationships between job demands and general health over time. The reciprocal model with work-home interference as an intervening variable (including reciprocal relationships between job demands, work-home interference and general health) showed a good fit to the data, and proved to be superior to both the causality and reversed causation models. Conclusion: The higher nurses' job demands, the higher is their level of work-home interference and the more likely is a general health deterioration over time, in turn giving rise to higher job demands and work-home interference, which may even aggravate the nurses' general health, and so on.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Nederländerna

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04630.x

Referens

van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B. (2008). Work-home interference among nurses: reciprocal relationships with job demands and health. Journal of advanced nursing, 62 (5), S. 572–584.

Shift work and sickness absence

Tuchsen, F., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T.

Sammanfattning

Background: Sickness absence is increasing in public work places in Denmark where shift work is common. Aims: The aim of this prospective study was to predict the hazard ratio (HR) of short- and long-term sickness absence due to shift work in Danish shift workers. Methods: A total of 1008 shift workers and 4009 day workers were followed up for short- and long-time sickness absence. Results: Among shift workers, the HR of sickness absence lasting ≥2 weeks was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.71–1.18) for men and 0.90 for women (95% CI: 0.71–1.14). For sickness absence lasting ≥8 weeks, the HR was 1.33 (95% CI: 0.91–1.94) for men and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.81–1.59) for women. Conclusion: This study was inconclusive in proving any link between shift work and absenteeism after controlling for age, education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, leisure time physical activity, psychosocial and physical work environment factors.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Skiftarbetare

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqn019

Referens

Tuchsen, F., Christensen, K. B., Lund, T. (2008). Shift work and sickness absence. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 58 (4), S. 302–304.

Available instruments for measurement of psychosocial factors in the work environment

Tabanelli, M. C., Depolo, M., Cooke, R. M. T., Sarchielli, G., Bonfiglioli, R., Mattioli, S., Violante, F. S.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To provide an overview of the spectrum of available for measurement and evaluation of work-related psychosocial factors. Methods: We systematically searched the literature/internet to identify and describe the main available questionnaires and observational instruments for assessment of work-related psychosocial factors (with/without other job stressors). Results: A total of 33 instruments were identified (26 questionnaires, 7 observational), many (11 questionnaires, 5 observational) linked to national institutions/intiatives. Accessibility of relevant information (on the internet or elsewhere) regarding the instruments varied widely. Conclusions: This summary of the range of instruments currently available for evaluation of multiple work stressors at individual, group and/or organizational levels may provide a useful tool for operators and researchers.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Annan

Land

Ej relevant

Yrken

Ej relevant

DOI

10.1007/s00420-008-0312-6

Referens

Tabanelli, M. C., Depolo, M., Cooke, R. M. T., Sarchielli, G., Bonfiglioli, R., Mattioli, S., Violante, F. S. (2008). Available instruments for measurement of psychosocial factors in the work environment. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 82 (1), S. 1–12.

The role of physical fitness as risk indicator of increased low back pain intensity among people working with physically and mentally disabled persons: a 30-month prospective study

Stroyer, J., Jensen, L. D.

Sammanfattning

Study design: A prospective cohort study. Objective: To study if low level of physical fitness was associated with increased low back pain (LBP) intensity at 30-month follow-up. Summary of background data: The evidence of low physical fitness as a risk factor for LBP is inconclusive due to contradictory results. Methods: Study participants were 327 employees (women = 271, men = 56) at institutions for physically and mentally disabled persons. Physical fitness was measured by tests of: back extension and flexion endurance, flexibility and balance; and by self-assessed aerobic fitness, muscle strength, endurance, flexibility and balance, using visual analogue scales. Low back pain, lifestyle parameters, and physical and psychosocial work factors were assessed by questionnaires at baseline and at follow-up. Outcome was defined as an increase above 2 steps in average LBP intensity during the previous year (0-10). Results: Persons with low level back endurance showed an insignificantly higher risk of increased LBP intensity (OR = 2.4, P = 0.076), whereas persons with medium level back endurance were at significantly higher risk (OR = 2.7, P = 0.034) compared with those with high level back endurance. The general association between isometric back extension endurance and increased LBP intensity was insignificant (P = 0.067). Persons with medium level self-assessed aerobic fitness were at lower risk of increased LBP intensity compared with those with high level (OR = 0.37, P = 0.02), although the general association of aerobic fitness was insignificant (0.066). Performance-based back flexion endurance, flexibility, and balance; and self-assessed muscle strength, endurance, flexibility, and balance were not associated with increased LBP intensity. Conclusion: The significant association between medium level back extension endurance and increased LBP intensity supports the finding of other studies that particularly back extension endurance is an important physical fitness component in preventing LBP and that the subcomponents of physical fitness are related in different ways to LBP.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Omsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181657cde

Referens

Stroyer, J., Jensen, L. D. (2008). The role of physical fitness as risk indicator of increased low back pain intensity among people working with physically and mentally disabled persons: a 30-month prospective study. Spine, 33 (5), S. 546–554.

Back or neck-pain-related disability of nursing staff in hospitals, nursing homes and home care in seven countries--results from the European NEXT-Study

Simon, M., Tackenberg, P., Nienhaus, A., Estryn-Behar, M., Conway, P. M., Hasselhorn, H.-M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are a widespread affliction in the nursing profession. Back or neck-pain-related disability of nursing staff is mainly attributed to physical and psychosocial risk factors. Objectives: To investigate which—and to what extent—physical and psychosocial risk factors are associated with neck/back-pain-related disability in nursing, and to assess the role of the type of health care institution (hospitals, nursing homes and home care institutions) within different countries in this problem. Design: Cross-sectional secondary analysis of multinational data of nurses and auxiliary staff in hospitals (n=16,770), nursing homes (n=2140) and home care institutions (n=2606) in seven countries from the European NEXT-Study. Methods: Multinomial logistic regression analysis with raw models for each factor and mutually adjusted with all analysed variables. Results: Analysis of the pooled data revealed effort-reward imbalance as the predominant risk factor for disability in all settings (odds ratios for high disability by effort-reward ratio: hospital 5.05 [4.30–5.93]; nursing home 6.52 [4.04–10.52] and home care 6.4 [3.83–10.70] [after mutual adjustment of psychosocial and physical risk factors]). In contrast, physical exposure to lifting and bending showed only limited associations with odds ratios below 1.6; the availability and use of lifting aids was—after mutual adjustment—not or only marginally associated with disability. These findings were basically confirmed in separate analyses for all seven countries and types of institutions. Conclusions: The findings show a pronounced association between psychosocial factors and back or neck-pain-related disability. Further research should consider psychosocial factors and should take the setting where nurses work into account.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.11.003

Referens

Simon, M., Tackenberg, P., Nienhaus, A., Estryn-Behar, M., Conway, P. M., Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2008). Back or neck-pain-related disability of nursing staff in hospitals, nursing homes and home care in seven countries--results from the European NEXT-Study. International journal of nursing studies, 45 (1), S. 24–34.

Job insecurity, chances on the labour market and decline in self-rated health in a representative sample of the Danish workforce

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Burr, H., Bultmann, U.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To investigate if job insecurity and poor labour market chances predict a decline in self-rated health in the Danish workforce. Design: Job insecurity, labour market chances, self-rated health and numerous covariates were measured in 1809 women and 1918 men who responded to a questionnaire in 1995 and again in 2000. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the impact of job insecurity and labour market chances measured in 1995 on decline in health in 2000. Setting: Prospective cohort study with a representative sample of the Danish workforce using the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study (DWECS). All participants were employed at baseline. Main results: Women with job insecurity had an increased risk of a decline in health at follow-up, after adjustment for all covariates (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.54). Effect estimates were strongest among women 50 years of age or younger with poor labour market chances (OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.32 to 3.45). Among men, there was no main effect for job insecurity. However, men aged 50 years or younger with poor labour market chances showed an OR of 1.64 (95% CI: 0.95 to 2.84) for a decline in health. Conclusion: Job insecurity is a predictor for a decline in health in employed women in Denmark. Among men, a suggestive effect of job insecurity was found in employees aged 50 years or younger with poor labour market chances.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/jech.2006.059113

Referens

Rugulies, R., Aust, B., Burr, H., Bultmann, U. (2008). Job insecurity, chances on the labour market and decline in self-rated health in a representative sample of the Danish workforce. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 62 (3), S. 245–250.

The importance of transformational leadership style for the well-being of employees working with older people

Nielsen, K., Yarker, J., Brenner, S.-O., Randall, R., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This paper is a report of a study to explore the relationships between transformational leadership, followers' perceived working conditions and employee well-being and job satisfaction. Bckground: There is some evidence that transformational leadership style is linked to employee job satisfaction and well-being. However, it is not clear whether this is due to (i) a direct relationship between leadership and job satisfaction and well-being outcomes or (ii) whether followers' perceived working conditions mediate this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied to data from a questionnaire study of 447 staff caring for older people in Denmark. Data were collected in 2005. A theory-driven model of the relationships between leadership, working conditions, job satisfaction and well-being was tested using structural equation modelling. Results: The transformational leadership style was closely associated with followers' working conditions, namely involvement, influence and meaningfulness. Involvement was associated with job satisfaction and meaningfulness was associated with well-being. However, working conditions were closely correlated with each other, and thus the mediating mechanisms may operate through several different working conditions. A direct path between leadership behaviour and employee well-being was also found. Conclusion: Considering working conditions in the absence of studying leadership behaviour (or vice versa) may reveal an incomplete picture of the impact of work and work relationships on well-being. Work re-design interventions focused on influence may benefit from the consideration of training managers to exert transformational leadership behaviours.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04701.x

Referens

Nielsen, K., Yarker, J., Brenner, S.-O., Randall, R., Borg, V. (2008). The importance of transformational leadership style for the well-being of employees working with older people. Journal of advanced nursing, 63 (5), S. 465–475.

The effects of transformational leadership on followers’ perceived work characteristics and psychological well-being. A longitudinal study

Nielsen, K., Randall, R., Yarker, J., Brenner, S.-O.

Sammanfattning

Transformational leaders employ a visionary and creative style of leadership that inspires employees to broaden their interest in their work and to be innovative and creative. There is some evidence that transformational leadership style is linked to employee psychological well-being. However, it is not clear whether this is due to (1) a direct relationship between leadership behaviour and affective well-being outcomes, or (2) a relationship between leadership behaviour and well-being that is mediated by followers’ perceived work characteristics. (Such characteristics include role clarity, meaningfulness, and opportunities for development.) This study aims to extend previous work by examining the validity of these two mechanisms in a longitudinal questionnaire study. The study was carried out within the elderly care sector in a Danish local governmental department. A theory-driven model of the relationships between leadership, work characteristics, and psychological well-being was tested using Structural Equation Modelling. The results indicated that followers’ perceptions of their work characteristics did mediate the relationship between transformational leadership style and psychological well-being. However, there was only limited evidence of the existence of a direct path between leadership behaviour and employee well-being. These findings have implications for design, implementation, and management of efforts to improve employee well-being.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Äldreomsorgspersonal

DOI

10.1080/02678370801979430

Referens

Nielsen, K., Randall, R., Yarker, J., Brenner, S.-O. (2008). The effects of transformational leadership on followers’ perceived work characteristics and psychological well-being. A longitudinal study. Work & Stress, 22 (1), S. 16–32.

Changes in safety climate and accidents at two identical manufacturing plants

Nielsen, K. J., Rasmussen, K., Glasscock, D., Spangenberg, S.

Sammanfattning

This study aimed at examining if between-plant differences in safety climate are reflected in corresponding differences in accident rates, and if subsequent changes in safety climate are paralleled by changes in accident rates. The study population was all production workers at two identical manufacturing plants under the same corporation. Safety climate was assessed by questionnaires and safety audits at two points in time with a 12-month interval. At baseline Plant B scored lower than Plant A on five out of six dimensions of safety climate, and had double the rate of self-reported injuries and an almost 30% higher incidence of lost-time-injuries (LTIs). Prior to the present study, Plant A had participated in a comprehensive work environment improvement project. During the study period, knowledge and experiences acquired from this intervention were actively transferred from Plant A to Plant B. At follow-up accident rates were reduced at both plants and the only significant between-plant difference was commitment to the workplace. The study demonstrates a relationship between changes in both questionnaire- and audit-based measures of safety climate and rates of self-reported injuries and LTIs.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Information saknas

Yrken

Produktionsarbetare

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.009

Referens

Nielsen, K. J., Rasmussen, K., Glasscock, D., Spangenberg, S. (2008). Changes in safety climate and accidents at two identical manufacturing plants. Safety Science, 46 (3), S. 440–449.

Psychosocial risk exposure among wage earning population in Spain (2004-05): reference values of the 21 dimensions of COPSOQ ISTAS21 questionnaire

Moncada Lluis, S., Llorens Serrano, C., Font Corominas, A., Galtes Camps, A., Navarro Gine, A.,

Sammanfattning

Background. Reference values of all the 21 psychosocial scales or dimensions (73 items) of the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire COPSOQ ISTAS21 are computed from a representative sample of the wage earning population in Spain. Methods. Representative sample of the Spanish wage-earning population, n=7,612. The sampling was multi-stage by conglomerates. The information was obtained by the administration of a standardized questionnaire in the household during 2004-2005. All 21 scales were standardized and three punctuation levels were established and labelled as more favourable to health (or green), intermediate (or yellow) and more unfavourable to health (or red) according two criteria: 1) to obtain groups that follow a tertiles theoretical distribution and 2) to get the red and green groups as equilibrated as possible. Results. Response rate was 60. Predictability dimension showed the wider difference between green and red proportions (7.14). Role clarity concentred the 35.06 % of population between 100 and 93.75 points, and Sense of community the 29.6% between 100 and 91.67. Double presence and hiding emotions grouped the 34.02% and the 27.74% % of population between 0 and 12.5 points, respectively.Conclusions. 2005 upgraded representative reference values of the 21 COPSOQ ISTAS21 psychosocial dimensions for the wage earning population in Spain are available, necessary premise to diagnose risk situations and prioritize the needed preventive actions at company level.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1590/S1135-57272008000600007

Referens

Moncada Lluis, S., Llorens Serrano, C., Font Corominas, A., Galtes Camps, A., Navarro Gine, A., (2008). Psychosocial risk exposure among wage earning population in Spain (2004-05): reference values of the 21 dimensions of COPSOQ ISTAS21 questionnaire. Revista espanola de salud publica, 82 (6), S. 667–675.

Differences in sickness absence in Sweden and Denmark: the cross national HAKNAK study

Lund, T., Christensen, K. B., Vaez, M., Labriola, M., Josephson, M., Villadsen, E., Voss, M.

Sammanfattning

Aim: To investigate potential differences in sickness absence among public sector employees in Sweden and Denmark, and to what extent a difference was associated with age, gender, physical and psychosocial work environment exposures, lifestyle factors, self-rated health or work ability. Methods: In 2000, two cross-sectional samples of 8562 public sector employees in Sweden and Denmark were surveyed. The study outcome, self-reported number of sick-leave days the year preceding interview, was dichotomized into 7 days or less, and more than 7 days. Chi square test was used to analyse distribution of dependent and independent variables in the two sub-cohorts. Stratified logistic regression analysis was performed to identify causes for absence within the two sub-cohorts, and logistic regression analysis was performed to study differences in sickness absence levels between the two sub-cohorts. Results: More subjects from the Swedish study population reported more than 7 days of sickness absence. Factors associated with sickness absence were largely similar in the two countries. The difference in absence level between Sweden and Denmark was not associated with differences in age, gender, skill level, lifestyle, psychosocial or physical work environment, musculoskeletal symptoms or self-rated health, whereas work ability score decreased the difference in sickness absence level. Conclusion: The results could indicate an increased retention of employees with health problems in the Swedish labour market compared with the Danish labour market. A possible explanation for the differences in sickness absence ascertained in this study could be due to differences in the sickness insurance legislation.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige, Danmark

Yrken

Tjänstemän inom offentlig sektor

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckn128

Referens

Lund, T., Christensen, K. B., Vaez, M., Labriola, M., Josephson, M., Villadsen, E., Voss, M. (2008). Differences in sickness absence in Sweden and Denmark: the cross national HAKNAK study. European journal of public health, 19 (3), S. 343–349.

Psychosocial work environment among employed Swedish dairy and pig farmworkers

Kolstrup, C., Lundqvist, P., Pinzke, S.

Sammanfattning

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosocial work environment for employed dairy and pig farmworkers in southern Sweden and to identify potential risk factors related to the psychosocial work environment for the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Thirty-seven workers on 10 dairy farms and 30 workers on 10 pig farms participated in the study. The study was based on a Swedish translation of the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) for analyses of self-perceived psychosocial work environment and the general Nordic questionnaire for analyses of self-perceived MSDs. In general, the psychosocial work environment was assessed as “good” by both the dairy and pig farmworkers. However, the dairy and pig farmworkers experienced lower work demands, poorer general and mental health, and poorer vitality (physical and mental strength, vigor, and energy) compared to other occupations. Furthermore, the results indicated that the quality of leadership, feedback, and social support at work were poorer at the dairy farms than at the pig farms. No significant risk factors related to the psychosocial work environment were identified for MSDs in “the back” and in the “upper extremities.” This study indicates that the psychosocial work environment for the dairy and pig farmworkers may well be improved in order to promote these workplaces as attractive and healthful. This especially seems to be the case concerning the quality of leadership, feedback, and social support at work for the dairy farmworkers. Furthermore, the present study suggests the probability that physical factors are more likely to lead to MSDs among employed livestock workers than factors related to the psychosocial work environment.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Lantarbetare

DOI

10.1080/10599240801986157

Referens

Kolstrup, C., Lundqvist, P., Pinzke, S. (2008). Psychosocial work environment among employed Swedish dairy and pig farmworkers. Journal of agromedicine, 13 (1), S. 23–36.

Musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities and the neck: a cross-sectional study on prevalence and symptom-predicting factors at visual display terminal (VDT) workstations

Klussmann, A., Gebhardt, H., Liebers, F., Rieger, M. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the predictors of musculoskeletal symptoms in the upper extremities and neck at visual display terminal (VDT) workstations. Methods: In a cross-sectional study 1,065 employees working at VDT > 1 h/d completed a standardised questionnaire. Workstation conditions were documented in a standardised checklist, and a subgroup of 82 employees underwent a physical examination. Results: Using the Nordic Questionnaire, the 12-month prevalence of symptoms of the neck, shoulder region, hand/wrist, or elbow/lower arm was 55%, 38%, 21%, and 15% respectively. The duration of VDT work had a significant impact on the frequency of neck symptoms in employees performing such work > 6 h/d. Conclusion: With regard to musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities, preventive measures at VDT workstations should be focused on neck and shoulder symptoms (e.g. ergonomic measures, breaks to avoid sitting over long periods).

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1186/1471-2474-9-96

Referens

Klussmann, A., Gebhardt, H., Liebers, F., Rieger, M. A. (2008). Musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities and the neck: a cross-sectional study on prevalence and symptom-predicting factors at visual display terminal (VDT) workstations. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 9, S. 96.

Contribution of job strain to Nurses' consideration of leaving the profession – results from the longitudinal European Nurses' early exit study

Hasselhorn, H.-M., Conway, P.M., Widerszal-Bazyl, M., Simon, M., Tackenberg, P., Schmidt, S., Camerino, D., Müller, B. & NEXT study Group

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The role of work characteristics was assessed, as operationalized by the demand–control model with respect to nurses’ intent to leave their profession, using data from the European nurses’ early exit (NEXT) study. Methods: Data from a self-report questionnaire filled out by 11 606 registered nurses who worked in hospitals in eight European countries and who had participated in both the NEXT baseline assessment (2002–2003) and the NEXT follow-up assessment (2003–2004) were used. Results: The countries varied substantially as regards demands, influence, and intent to leave the profession. The variables also varied considerably over time within the countries. Among the nurses not considering leaving the profession in 2002–2003, those initially not exposed to job strain (high demands and low influence) but exposed 1 year later had a 2.7-fold higher risk of considering to leave the profession [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 2.1–3.4, multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for potential confounders) when compared with the reference group (no job strain both times). The nurses with job strain in both assessments showed a 2.3-fold higher risk (95% CI 1.8–2.9). No increased risk was found for those with job strain in the first assessment but not in the second assessment. The findings were similar for most countries. Conclusions: The considerable variability of the job demand–control indicators assessed during the 12-month period may imply a potential for improvement. The results emphasize the importance of changes in job strain in determining fluctuations in nurses’ considerations of leaving their profession, even over a short period.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

Referens

Hasselhorn, H.-M., Conway, P.M., Widerszal-Bazyl, M., Simon, M., Tackenberg, P., Schmidt, S., Camerino, D., Müller, B. & NEXT study Group (2008). Contribution of job strain to Nurses' consideration of leaving the profession – results from the longitudinal European Nurses' early exit study. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, (6), S. 75–82.

Occupational stress and mental health among correctional officers: a cross-sectional study

Ghaddar, Ali., Mateo, I., Sanchez, P.

Sammanfattning

A harsh psychosocial environment in the workplace might cause adverse health events, but the association has not been well demonstrated in the penitentiary environment. This cross-sectional study was designed to explore the association between workplace psychosocial risks and the mental health of correctional officers in a Spanish penitentiary center. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to correctional officers. A total of 164 responded anonymously (response rate 43%). The SF36 survey was used to measure mental health and ISTAS21 (Spanish version of Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) was used to measure exposure to workplace psychosocial conditions. Low scores were obtained for mental health, high scores were obtained for psychological demands, low self-esteem, and low control and influence and moderate scores for low social support, double exposure, and insecurity at work. A linear regression analysis was constructed to study the influence of workplace psychosocial conditions (independent variables) on mental health (dependent variable). The effect was adjusted for sex, age, seniority, and occupational group. Psychological demands (highest impact), low control and influence, and double exposure had significant inverse associations with mental health. The association between low social support, low self-esteem, and insecurity at work with mental health was insignificant. Psychosocial work conditions are a potential target for mental health promotion programs at work.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Spanien

Yrken

Kriminalvårdare

DOI

10.1539/joh.50.92

Referens

Ghaddar, Ali., Mateo, I., Sanchez, P. (2008). Occupational stress and mental health among correctional officers: a cross-sectional study. Journal of occupational health, 50 (1), S. 92–98.

Working conditions and Work-Family Conflict in German hospital physicians: psychosocial and organisational predictors and consequences

Fuß, I., Nubling, M., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Schwappach, D., Rieger, M. A.

Sammanfattning

Background: Germany currently experiences a situation of major physician attrition. The incompatibility between work and family has been discussed as one of the major reasons for the increasing departure of German physicians for non-clinical occupations or abroad. This study investigates predictors for one particular direction of Work-Family Conflict--namely work interfering with family conflict (WIF)--which are located within the psychosocial work environment or work organisation of hospital physicians. Furthermore, effects of WIF on the individual physicians' physical and mental health were examined. Analyses were performed with an emphasis on gender differences. Comparisons with the general German population were made. Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires as part of a study on Psychosocial work hazards and strains of German hospital physicians during April-July 2005. Two hundred and ninety-six hospital physicians (response rate 38.9%) participated in the survey. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), work interfering with family conflict scale (WIF), and hospital-specific single items on work organisation were used to assess WIF, its predictors, and consequences. Results: German hospital physicians reported elevated levels of WIF (mean = 74) compared to the general German population (mean = 45, p < .01). No significant gender difference was found. Predictors for the WIF were lower age, high quantitative demands at work, elevated number of days at work despite own illness, and consequences of short-notice changes in the duty roster. Good sense of community at work was a protective factor. Compared to the general German population, we observed a significant higher level of quantitative work demands among hospital physicians (mean = 73 vs. mean = 57, p < .01). High values of WIF were significantly correlated to higher rates of personal burnout, behavioural and cognitive stress symptoms, and the intention to leave the job. In contrast, low levels of WIF predicted higher job satisfaction, better self-judged general health status, better work ability, and higher satisfaction with life in general. Compared to the German general population, physicians showed significantly higher levels of individual stress and quality of life as well as lower levels for well-being. This has to be judged as an alerting finding regarding the state of physicians' health. Conclusion: In our study, work interfering with family conflict (WIF) as part of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) was highly prevalent among German hospital physicians. Factors of work organisation as well as factors of interpersonal relations at work were identified as significant predictors for WIF. Some of these predictors are accessible to alteration by improving work organisation in hospitals.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Läkare

DOI

10.1186/1471-2458-8-353

Referens

Fuß, I., Nubling, M., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Schwappach, D., Rieger, M. A. (2008). Working conditions and Work-Family Conflict in German hospital physicians: psychosocial and organisational predictors and consequences. BMC public health, 8, S. 353.

Violence risks in nursing--results from the European 'NEXT' Study

Estryn-Behar, M. van der Heijden, B., Camerino, D., Fry, C., Le Nezet, O., Conway, P. M., Hasselhorn, H.-M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Recent research suggests that violence in health care is increasing and that it strongly influences the recruitment and retention of nurses as well as sick leave and burnout levels. Aims: To identify the prevalence of violence in nursing and to provide a basis for appropriate interventions. Methods: Nurses from 10 European countries answered to a questionnaire and to a follow-up assessment. Stepwise adjusted multiple logistic regression was used to assess the association between frequency of violence, factors related to teamwork and other work-related factors and outcomes, such as burnout, intention to leave nursing and intention to change institution. Results: A total of 39,894 nurses responded to the baseline questionnaire (51% response rate). After adjustment for age, gender and other risk factors, quality of teamwork appeared to be a major factor with odds ratio (OR) 1.35 (1.24-1.48) for medium quality and 1.52 (1.33-1.74) for low quality. Uncertainty regarding patients' treatments was linked with violence, with a clear gradient (OR 1.59, 1.47-1.72 for medium uncertainty and 2.13, 1.88-2.41 for high uncertainty). Working only night shift was at high risk (OR 2.17, 1.76-2.67). High levels of time pressure and physical load were associated with violence OR 1.45 (1.24-1.69) and 1.84 (1.66-2.04), respectively. High and medium frequency of violence was associated with higher levels of burnout, intent to leave nursing and intent to change institution. A 1-year follow-up assessment indicated stability in the relationships between outcomes. Conclusion: This study supports efforts aimed at improving teamwork-related factors as they are associated with a decrease in violence against nurses.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1093/occmed/kqm142

Referens

Estryn-Behar, M. van der Heijden, B., Camerino, D., Fry, C., Le Nezet, O., Conway, P. M., Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2008). Violence risks in nursing--results from the European 'NEXT' Study. Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 58 (2), S. 107–114.

Explaining the social gradient in long-term sickness absence: a prospective study of Danish employees

Christensen, K. B., Labriola, M., Lund, T., Kivimaki, M.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To identify differences in risk of sickness absence between socioeconomic groups, and to examine to what extent these differences can be explained by health behaviour and work environment factors. Design, setting and participants: A cohort of 5221 employees in Denmark interviewed in 2000 regarding health behaviours and work environment were followed for 18 months in order to assess their rate of sickness absence exceeding eight consecutive weeks. Based on employment grade, job title and education respondents were classified into five socioeconomic position (SEP) groups. Executive managers and academics were the reference group. Results: For both genders a social gradient in long-term sickness absence rates was evident. In men, controlling for health behaviours and physical work environment factors reduced rate ratios by 22–57%. Controlling for health behaviours alone reduced rate ratios by 6–13%. In women, controlling for health behaviour reduced rate ratios by 5–18%, and controlling for both health behaviours and physical work environment factors reduced rate ratios by 21–44%. Introducing psychosocial factors reduced the rate ratios further, yielding a reduction of 22–53% in the fully adjusted model. In both genders, the largest reductions were seen in skilled blue-collar workers and for semi-skilled or unskilled workers (by 58–59% in men and by 41–53% in women). Conclusion: A social gradient in long-term sickness absence was found. Physical work environment explained more of this gradient than health behaviour. Also including psychosocial work environment in the model had no effect in men but a small effect among women.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/jech.2006.056135

Referens

Christensen, K. B., Labriola, M., Lund, T., Kivimaki, M. (2008). Explaining the social gradient in long-term sickness absence: a prospective study of Danish employees. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 62 (2), S. 181–183.

The impact of psychosocial work environment factors on the risk of disability pension in Denmark

Christensen, K. B., Feveile, H., Labriola, M., Lund, T.

Sammanfattning

This study quantifies the impact of psychosocial work environment factors on the risk of disability pension. Differences in risk of disability pension were estimated in a representative sample of Danish employees followed for a total of 118 117 person-years of risk time. After control for smoking, BMI and ergonomic work environment, low decision authority and low variation in work showed a statistically significant association with disability pension. Adverse psychosocial work environment factors accounted for 10–15% of disability pension cases.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/eurpub/ckm130

Referens

Christensen, K. B., Feveile, H., Labriola, M., Lund, T. (2008). The impact of psychosocial work environment factors on the risk of disability pension in Denmark. European journal of public health, 18 (3), S. 235–237.

Work-related factors and violence among nursing staff in the European NEXT study: a longitudinal cohort study

Camerino, D., Estryn-Behar, M., Conway, P.M., van der Heijden, B.I.J.M. & Hasselhorn, H.-M.

Sammanfattning

The occurrence of workplace violence is rather frequent within the nursing profession, with well-known consequences on the psychological health of victims. This study is aimed at assessing the relationships between relevant individual, organizational, and psychosocial factors, and the frequency of several types of workplace violence; the direct as well as the interactive impact of violence and psychosocial factors on organizational commitment and perceived health. Questionnaire-based cross-sectional and longitudinal survey designs were employed for the two study objectives, respectively. Five hundred and sixty-five healthcare institutions from eight European countries participated in the Nurses' Early Exit Study. The 34,107 participants were nursing staff holding different qualifications. The response rate was 55.1% in the cross-sectional part and 40.5% in the follow-up phase. At baseline, the respondents were mostly female (89.3%), in the age group 30-44 years (52.9%), registered or specialized nurses (67.0%), working mainly in medico-surgical wards (36.3%), and employed full-time (72.8%). In the cross-sectional analysis, the relationship between the predictor variables and frequency of violence was assessed by means of a hierarchical multiple linear regression. In the longitudinal analysis, main direct and interactive effects of violence and psychosocial factors on perceived health and organizational commitment were assessed by means of hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses with interaction terms. Higher levels of adverse work-related factors were significantly associated with higher frequency of the distinguished types of violence. Significant interactions were found between psychosocial factors and violence only in predicting organizational commitment, even if effect sizes were very low. No interactions were observed for perceived health. The prevalence of the distinguished types of violence varied across the participating countries according to the presence of adverse work- and non-work-related factors. These findings suggest the necessity of interventions both over working conditions conducive to violence and violent behaviours themselves.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.01.013

Referens

Camerino, D., Estryn-Behar, M., Conway, P.M., van der Heijden, B.I.J.M. & Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2008). Work-related factors and violence among nursing staff in the European NEXT study: a longitudinal cohort study. International journal of nursing studies, 45 (1), S. 35–50.

Age-dependent relationships between work ability, thinking of quitting the job, and actual leaving among Italian nurses: a longitudinal study

Camerino, D., Conway, P. M., van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Estryn-Behar, M., Costa, G., Hasselhorn, H.-M.

Sammanfattning

Background: Qualified nurses commonly report several work-related problems, which may threat their health and work ability, and may have an impact upon retention. - Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether perceived work ability is a predictor for different types of thinking of quitting and for actual exit from the workplace. - Design: A prospective study has been performed based on 3329 Italian registered nurses which responded to both measurements of the Nurses’ Early Exit Study. Institutions were selected by means of a stratified sampling procedure. All the 7447 nurses working in that healthcare organizations were recruited for the study. Baseline questionnaire was collected from 5504 nurses. Response rate at follow-up was 63.4%. Two hundred and fifty-five nurses left the job in the course of the investigation. - Methods: Several multiple logistic regression analyses were performed controlling for indicators of work-related well-being, socio-demographic, and labour-market characteristics. - Results: As a whole, our results show that among nurses younger than 45 years work ability is a significant predictor of different types of thinking of quitting, but not of actual exit from the workplace: a lower perceived work ability was associated with a higher desire to undertake further education (OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.30–7.18) and/or to change workplace (OR: 4.03; 95% CI: 1.84–8.83) or profession (OR: 6.67; 95% CI: 2.78–15.99). In contrast, among the older nurses (>45), only actual exit was predicted by lower work ability scores (OR: 7.14; 95% CI: 1.15–44.13), along with the perception of a larger availability of free nursing posts in the region (OR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.13–6.43). - Conclusion: Therefore, we conclude that in the relationship between low perceived work ability and intended or actual exit, a significant part is explained by age itself, but also by the age-related differences in occupational and life opportunities. This contribution concludes with some age-related policies aimed at boosting nurses’ retention.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Italien

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.03.002

Referens

Camerino, D., Conway, P. M., van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Estryn-Behar, M., Costa, G., Hasselhorn, H.-M. (2008). Age-dependent relationships between work ability, thinking of quitting the job, and actual leaving among Italian nurses: a longitudinal study. International journal of nursing studies, 45 (11), S. 1645–1659.

Follow-up study of musculoskeletal disorders 20 months after the introduction of a mouse-based computer system

Arvidsson, I., Axmon, A., Skerfving, S.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: This study attempted to determine whether musculoskeletal health is influenced by mouse-intensive computer work. Methods: The neck–upper limbs of 148 air-traffic controllers (71 women, 77 men) with demanding computer work were examined before (baseline) and a median of 20 months after (follow-up) a change from varied computer work to a mouse-based system, causing a significant change in the physical exposure of the workers (eg, lower variation of work postures and less rest in the forearm extensor muscles, as assessed by technical measurements). Complaints (according to a Nordic questionnaire), diagnoses (standardized physical examination), and psychosocial work environment (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire) were recorded. Results: The air traffic controllers had consistently higher prevalences of disorders in the elbows–hands in the follow-up than at the baseline (complaints 30% versus 18%, P=0.03; diagnoses 10% versus 3.4%, P=0.02). The predominance of right-arm disorders was more pronounced in the follow-up than at the baseline. For the neck–shoulders–upper back, there was no consistent difference between the baseline and follow-up values; disorders increased significantly among the “young” controllers (≤37 years), but not among the “older” ones. Perceived decision latitude decreased, while social support increased, but these changes did not explain the disorders that appeared in the elbows–hands. Conclusions: Intensive mouse-based computer work, with constrained posture and little rest in the forearm muscles, was associated with an increased risk of disorders in the elbows–hands. This finding should be considered for similar technological developments in other settings.

År

2008

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Sverige

Yrken

Flygledare

Referens

Arvidsson, I., Axmon, A., Skerfving, S. (2008). Follow-up study of musculoskeletal disorders 20 months after the introduction of a mouse-based computer system. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 34 (5), S. 374–380.

Types of psychosocial job demands and adverse events due to dental mismanagement: a cross sectional study

Tsutsumi, A., Umehara, K., Ono, H., Kawakami, N.

Sammanfattning

Background: A harsh work environment including psychosocial job demands might cause adverse events due to medical mismanagement, but the association has not been explored. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether some types of psychosocial job demands are associated with adverse events due to dental mismanagement experienced by general dental practitioners. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to members of a local branch of the Japan dental association. A total of 261 dental practitioners responded anonymously (response rate 53%). Psychosocial job demands were measured by a Japanese version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, which comprises five sub-scales: quantitative demands, cognitive demands, emotional demands, demands for hiding emotions, and sensorial demands. The outcome was defined according to whether the respondent's patients experienced one of the following adverse events due to dental mismanagement at least once during the previous one year: dropping of dental instrument or broken injection needle, soft tissue or nerve injury, accidental bleeding, loss of a tooth root into the maxillary sinus, and emphysema. Associations between each demand index and experience of adverse events were examined by logistic regression analyses adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Emotional demands and sensorial demands were significantly associated with the experience of adverse events (odds ratio = 3.9 for each). Other than the indices, male gender, younger age, practice alone, many dental chairs (five or more), and many patients (30 or more per day) were the risks. Working hours per week and number of paramedical staff had no significant associations. Conclusion: Emotional and sensorial job demands are a potential target for the reduction of adverse events due to dental mismanagement.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Japan

Yrken

Tandvårdspersonal

DOI

10.1186/1472-6831-7-3

Referens

Tsutsumi, A., Umehara, K., Ono, H., Kawakami, N. (2007). Types of psychosocial job demands and adverse events due to dental mismanagement: a cross sectional study. BMC oral health, 7, S. 3.

Organizational configuration of hospitals succeeding in attracting and retaining nurses

Stordeur, S., D'Hoore, W.

Sammanfattning

Aim: This paper contrasts structural and managerial characteristics of low- and high-turnover hospitals, and describes the organizational configuration of attractive hospitals. Background: In countries facing nurse shortages and turnover, some hospitals succeed in recruiting and retaining nurses. In Magnet Hospitals, managerial practices and environmental characteristics increase nurses’ job satisfaction and their commitment to the organization, which in turn decreases nurse turnover. Such an approach suggests that organizations are best understood as clusters of interconnected structures and practices, i.e. organizational configurations rather than entities whose components can be understood in isolation. Method: From a sample of 12 hospitals whose nurse turnover was studied for 1 year, structural and organizational features of hospitals in the first and fourth quartiles, i.e. attractive (turnover <3·1%) vs. conventional (turnover >11·8%) were contrasted. A questionnaire, including perceptions of health-related factors, job demands, stressors, work schedules, organizational climate, and work adjustments antecedent to turnover, was received from 401 nurses working in attractive hospitals (response rate = 53·8%) and 774 nurses in conventional hospitals (response rate = 54·5%). Findings: Structural characteristics did not differentiate attractive and conventional hospitals, but employee perceptions towards the organization differed strikingly. Differences were observed for risk exposure, emotional demands, role ambiguity and conflicts, work-family conflicts, effort-reward imbalance and the meaning of work, all in favour of attractive hospitals (P < 0·001). Relationships with nursing management, work ability and satisfaction with working time, handover shifts and schedules were also better in attractive hospitals (P < 0·001). Job satisfaction and commitment were higher in attractive hospitals, whereas burnout and intention to leave were lower (P < 0·001). Conclusion: Organizational characteristics are key factors in nurse attraction and retention. Nurses face difficulties in their work situations, but some hospitals are perceived as healthy organizations. The concept of attractive institutions could serve as a catalyst for improvement in nurses’ work environments in Europe.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04095.x

Referens

Stordeur, S., D'Hoore, W. (2007). Organizational configuration of hospitals succeeding in attracting and retaining nurses. Journal of advanced nursing, 57 (1), S. 45–58.

Working in small enterprises – Is there a special risk?

Sørensen, O. H., Hasle, P., Bach, E.

Sammanfattning

Ownership structure is an important factor. For independent enterprises, the ergonomic, physical and chemical work environment is more hazardous in small enterprises than in large ones. For enterprises that are part of a larger organization, the work environment tends to be more hazardous in large enterprises when controlling for the same factors. For the psychosocial factors, the trend is different – better in small than in large enterprises independent of ownership. In all enterprises, both public and private, the quality of health and safety management systems and workplace assessment is remarkably higher in large than in small enterprises. These differences in work environment for small and large enterprises have been studied in the ‘Danish Work Environment Cohort Study’ and ‘Surveillance of health and safety activities in enterprises’. These datasets are linked together to a reliable database with data on work environment and enterprises including size, ownership structure, and health and safety management.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1016/j.ssci.2006.09.005

Referens

Sørensen, O. H., Hasle, P., Bach, E. (2007). Working in small enterprises – Is there a special risk?. Safety Science, 45 (10), S. 1044–1059.

Who is at risk for long-term sickness absence? A prospective cohort study of Danish employees

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Villadsen, E.

Sammanfattning

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify who is at risk for long-term sickness absence according to occupation, gender, education, age, business sector, agency size and ownership. Methods: The study is based on a sample of 5357 employees aged 18-69, interviewed in 2000. The cohort was followed up in a national register from January 1st 2001 to June 30th 2003, to identify cases with sickness absences that exceeded 8 weeks. Results: During follow-up 486 persons (9.1%) experienced one or more periods of absence that exceeded 8 weeks. Higher risk of long-term sickness absence was associated with gender, age, educational level, and the municipal employment sector. Kindergarten teachers and people employed in day care, health care, janitorial work, food preparation, and unskilled workers were at greatest risk. Managers, computer professionals, technicians and designers, and professionals had lower risks. The health care and social service sectors were also in the high risk category, whereas the private administration sector had a lower risk. Conclusions: The study identifies specific occupational target populations and documents the need to perform job-specific research and tailor interventions if the intended policy of decreasing long-term sickness absence within the Danish labour market is to be realized.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Villadsen, E. (2007). Who is at risk for long-term sickness absence? A prospective cohort study of Danish employees. Work (Reading, Mass.), 28 (3), S. 225–230.

Predictors of health related job loss: a two-year follow-up study in a general working population

Haahr, J.P.L., Frost, P., Andersen, J.H.

Sammanfattning

Introduction: Job loss may be attributed to a number of causes. The medical profession is often involved in counselling or case work when citizens are excluded from work for health reasons. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of health related job loss (HRJL) in a cohort of Danish employees. Methods: A total of 39 workplaces with 5,604 employees aged from 18 to 67 years participated. Questionnaires were obtained at baseline and follow up. Participants reported reason for job loss whilst employers' information provided the date. Hazard Ratios (HR) for HRJL with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were analysed. Results: 4006 responses were obtained at baseline (71.5%), and 3,276 (81.8%) at follow up. About 567 (17.3%) had lost their job, and 135 (23.8%) reported HRJL. 51.5% of HRJL was related to pain, disease, or discomfort in the neck, the back, arms, or legs, and another 23% to stress or stress related symptoms. HRJL involved low reemployment rate compared to non-HRJL. After multiple mutual adjustments, HRJL among females was associated with reports of a work compensation claim within the year previous to baseline (HR 3.0; 95% CI 1.6-5.1), high level of health anxiety (3.7; 2.1-6.6), one or more contacts to the general practitioner in the year previous to baseline (2.2;1.4-3.6), and reported poor leadership quality at work (1.8;1.2-2.9). Among males, HRJL was associated with high levels of health anxiety (2.5; 1.0-6.2) and repetitive work (2.7; 1.4-5.4). Conclusion: About 4% of employees experienced HRJL, which was associated with care seeking and high levels of health anxiety. Further studies of gender differences in HRJL are warranted

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10926-007-9106-z

Referens

Haahr, J.P.L., Frost, P., Andersen, J.H. (2007). Predictors of health related job loss: a two-year follow-up study in a general working population. Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 17 (4), S. 581–592.

The impact of social work environment, teamwork characteristics, burnout, and personal factors upon intent to leave among European nurses

Estryn-Behar, M., van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Oginska, H., Camerino, D., Le Nezet, O., Conway, P. M. et al.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Europe's nursing shortage calls for more effective ways to recruit and retain nurses. This contribution aims to clarify whether and how social work environment, teamwork characteristics, burnout, and personal factors are associated with nurses' intent to leave (ITL). Methods: Our sample comprises 28,561 hospital-based nurses from 10 European countries. Different occupational levels have been taken into account: qualified registered nurses (n = 18,594), specialized nurses (n = 3957), head nurses (n = 3256), and nursing aides and ancillary staff (n = 2754). Results: Our outcomes indicate that ITL is quite prevalent across Europe, although we have found some differences across the countries depending on working conditions and economic situation. Quality of teamwork, interpersonal relationships, career development possibilities, uncertainty regarding treatment, and influence at work are associated with nurses' decision to leave the profession across Europe, notwithstanding some country-specific outcomes. A serious lack of quality of teamwork seems to be associated with a 5-fold risk of ITL in 7 countries. As far as personal factors are concerned, our data support the hypothesized importance of work-family conflicts, satisfaction with pay, and burnout. A high burnout score seems to be associated with 3 times the risk of ITL in 5 countries. Conclusions: To prevent premature leaving, it is important to expand nurses' expertise, to improve working processes through collaboration and multidisciplinary teamwork, and to develop team training approaches and ward design facilitating teamwork.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Sjuksköterskor

DOI

10.1097/MLR.0b013e31806728d8

Referens

Estryn-Behar, M., van der Heijden, B. I. J. M., Oginska, H., Camerino, D., Le Nezet, O., Conway, P. M. et al. (2007). The impact of social work environment, teamwork characteristics, burnout, and personal factors upon intent to leave among European nurses. Medical care, 45 (10), S. 939–950.

The fraction of long-term sickness absence attributable to work environmental factors: prospective results from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study

Christensen, K.B., Lund, T., Labriola, M., Villadsen, E. & Bultmann, U.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine the fraction of long-term sickness absence periods attributable to physical and psychosocial work environmental risk factors. Method: A random population sample was followed for 18 months in a national register of social transfer payments. Mutually adjusted hazard ratios for onset of long-term sickness absence and aetiological fractions were computed. Results: After mutual adjustment, no significant effect of psychosocial work environment factors remained. In men, 23% and 28% of long-term sickness absence were attributable to working mainly standing or squatting, and lifting or carrying loads, respectively. In women, 27% of long-term sickness absence was attributable to bending or twisting of the neck or back. Conclusions: Physical work environment exposures explained between 10% and 30% of long-term sickness absence. The potential for reducing long-term sickness absence is substantial.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/oem.2006.028563

Referens

Christensen, K.B., Lund, T., Labriola, M., Villadsen, E. & Bultmann, U. (2007). The fraction of long-term sickness absence attributable to work environmental factors: prospective results from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study. Occupational and environmental medicine, 64 (7), S. 487–489.

Psychosocial work environment of hospital workers: validation of a comprehensive assessment scale

Aust, B., Rugulies, R., Skakon, J., Scherzer, T., Jensen, C.

Sammanfattning

Background: Studies have shown that adverse workplace factors can increase the risk of ill-health in hospital workers, but more comprehensive measures of the psychosocial work environment are needed. Objectives: To test a comprehensive and theory-based psychosocial work environment questionnaire and analyze associations with mental health in a sample of Danish hospital workers. Design and participants: Questionnaire-based cross-sectional study with 343 female employees from a large Danish hospital, including patient care workers (nurses, nurse assistants, midwives) and laboratory technicians. Methods: The psychosocial work environment was measured with 14 scales from the Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire, version I, covering three main areas: demands at work, work organization and interpersonal relations at work. We further measured self-rated mental health and sociodemographic and employment characteristics of the participants. Cronbach's alphas, analyses of covariance, one-sample t-tests, partial correlations and linear regression models were used to analyze data. Results: Of the 14 work psychosocial workplace scales 12 showed a satisfactory internal consistency (α>0.70). Patient care workers had more quantitative, emotional and cognitive demands (all p-values <0.001), higher work pace (Math Eq) and more role conflicts (Math Eq) than laboratory technicians, but also better work organization, including more influence at work, better possibilities for development and a higher meaning of work (all p-values <0.001). Both patient care workers and laboratory technicians had substantially higher scores on the demand scales and lower scores on the influence at work scale than the general Danish working population. Further analyses showed that high levels of demands at work and low levels of work organization and problematic interpersonal relations at work were associated with lower self-rated mental health. Conclusion: The Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire is a suitable instrument to measure the psychosocial work environment of hospital workers. The comprehensive assessment of the psychosocial work environment helps tailoring interventions to the specific needs of different occupational groups.

År

2007

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Vårdpersonal

DOI

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.01.008

Referens

Aust, B., Rugulies, R., Skakon, J., Scherzer, T., Jensen, C. (2007). Psychosocial work environment of hospital workers: validation of a comprehensive assessment scale. International journal of nursing studies, 44 (5), S. 814–825.

Work related violence and threats and the risk of depression and stress disorders

Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Mortensen, P. B., Burr, H., Tuchsen, F., Bonde, J. P.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To examine the risk of depression and stress related disorders as a function of occupational exposure to violence and threats. Design: Population based nested case-control study. Setting: All gainfully employed Danes. Cases and controls: 14 166 hospital inpatients and outpatients, aged 18–65, treated for affective or stress related disorders during 1995–1998 selected from The Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register and 58 060 controls matched for age, sex, and time, drawn from Statistics Denmark’s Integrated Database for Labour Market Research. Main outcome measure: Clinical psychiatric diagnosis (WHO ICD-10) of affective (F30–39) or stress related (F40–48) disorders compared with controls by the occupation held the year before treatment. The occupation held the year before treatment was used as exposure proxy. Results: Potential exposure to occupational violence is associated with significantly increased relative risks of both disorders in either sex (women: depression RR 1.45 CI 1.27 to 1.65, stress RR 1.32 CI 1.19 to 1.46; men: depression RR 1.48 CI 1.18 to 1.86, stress RR 1.55 CI 1.29 to 1.84). Work related threats are associated with increase in the risk of depression in women (RR 1.48 CI 1.23 to 1.79) and the risk of stress related disorders in men (RR 1.59 CI 1.32 to 1.91). Risks rose with increasing prevalence of violence and threats. The results remain significant and only slightly attenuated after controlling for extent of professional contact with people other than colleagues. Conclusions: Employment in occupations involving exposure to work related threats and violence is a risk factor for depression and stress related disorders in both sexes. These findings have implications for health and safety at work policies.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/jech.2005.042986

Referens

Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Mortensen, P. B., Burr, H., Tuchsen, F., Bonde, J. P. (2006). Work related violence and threats and the risk of depression and stress disorders. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 60 (9), S. 771–775.

Comparative assessment of study groups of elderly female computer users from four European countries: questionnaires used in the NEW study

Sandsjo, L., Larsman, P., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M. M. R., Laubli, T., Juul-Kristensen, B., Klipstein, A. et al.

Sammanfattning

There is a lack of consistent and comprehensive questionnaire forms for the studies of factors associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders at the European level. One of the results of the EU-funded project, neuromuscular assessment in the elderly worker (NEW), is a set of questionnaires for the screening of musculoskeletal status and the studies of factors that are believed to affect musculoskeletal health. The questionnaires have been used among elderly women (45+) in different occupations and organisations in Denmark, The Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland. The aim of this short communication is to present the questionnaires used in the NEW study and to evaluate the appropriateness of pooling data gathered in each participating country into a common database. It is concluded that although differences exist among the study samples, these are not of such a magnitude or pattern that data from the four groups cannot be pooled. The questionnaires are available in Danish, Dutch, English, German and Swedish.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Europa

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s00421-005-0041-4

Referens

Sandsjo, L., Larsman, P., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M. M. R., Laubli, T., Juul-Kristensen, B., Klipstein, A. et al. (2006). Comparative assessment of study groups of elderly female computer users from four European countries: questionnaires used in the NEW study. European journal of applied physiology, 96 (2), S. 122–126.

Psychosocial work environment and incidence of severe depressive symptoms: prospective findings from a 5-year follow-up of the Danish work environment cohort study

Rugulies, R., Bultmann, U., Aust, B., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

The authors analyzed the impact of psychosocial work characteristics on the incidence of severe depressive symptoms among 4,133 (49% women) employees from a representative sample of the Danish workforce between 1995 and 2000. Psychosocial work characteristics at baseline included quantitative demands, influence at work, possibilities for development, social support from supervisors and coworkers, and job insecurity. Severe depressive symptoms were measured with the five-item Mental Health Inventory of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, with a cutoff point of 52. Women with low influence at work (relative risk (RR) = 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23, 3.82) and low supervisor support (RR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.43) were at increased risk for severe depressive symptoms after exclusion of cases at baseline and adjustment for sociodemographic factors, baseline depression score, and health behaviors. Further adjustments for socioeconomic position did not change the result substantially. Additional analyses showed that a one-standard deviation increase on the influence scale resulted in a 27% decreased risk of severe depressive symptoms. Among men, job insecurity predicted severe depressive symptoms (RR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 4.07). The findings indicate that the work environment influences the risk of developing severe depressive symptoms and that different factors play a role for men and women.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1093/aje/kwj119

Referens

Rugulies, R., Bultmann, U., Aust, B., Burr, H. (2006). Psychosocial work environment and incidence of severe depressive symptoms: prospective findings from a 5-year follow-up of the Danish work environment cohort study. American journal of epidemiology, 163 (10), S. 877–887.

Indoor climate, psychosocial work environment and symptoms in open-plan offices

Pejtersen, J., Allermann, L., Kristensen, T. S., Poulsen, O. M.

Sammanfattning

To study the indoor climate, the psychosocial work environment and occupants' symptoms in offices a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was made in 11 naturally and 11 mechanically ventilated office buildings. Nine of the buildings had mainly cellular offices; five of the buildings had mainly open-plan offices, whereas eight buildings had a mixture of cellular, multi-person and open-plan offices. A total of 2301 occupants, corresponding to a response rate of 72%, completed a retrospective questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised questions concerning environmental perceptions, mucous membrane irritation, skin irritation, central nervous system (CNS) symptoms and psychosocial factors. Occupants in open-plan offices are more likely to perceive thermal discomfort, poor air quality and noise and they more frequently complain about CNS and mucous membrane symptoms than occupants in multi-person and cellular offices. The association between psychosocial factors and office size was weak. Open-plan offices may not be suited for all job types.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Kontorspersonal

DOI

10.1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00444.x

Referens

Pejtersen, J., Allermann, L., Kristensen, T. S., Poulsen, O. M. (2006). Indoor climate, psychosocial work environment and symptoms in open-plan offices. Indoor air, 16 (5), S. 392–401.

Measuring psychological stress and strain at work - Evaluation of the COPSOQ Questionnaire in Germany

Nübling, M., Stößel, U., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Michaelis, M., Hofmann, F.

Sammanfattning

The undisputed increase of the relevance of mental work load is confronted with a lack of qualified or at least well documented measuring instruments covering all important aspects. The COPSOQ (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire), a comprehensive instrument for the assessment of psychosocial factors at work, was tested in a partly modified version in a large German sample (N = 2561 employees). The aims of the study were the detailed investigation of the psychometric measurement properties, and based on these results, the development of an abbreviated version of the instrument. The analysis of objectivity, acceptance, practicability, sensitivity and content validity of the questionnaire as a whole did not show any problematic results – with some limitations regarding the length of the questionnaire. The assessment of the reliability, generalisability, construct validity, criterion validity and diagnostic power of the single scales showed medium to good measuring qualities for the majority of the scales (i.e. Cronbach’s alpha mostly >0.7). In addition, the psychometric properties were very similar to those in the Danish COPSOQ-study. Considering all aspects of the measurement quality, a shortened version of the instrument was created. It attempts to combine measuring qualities as high as possible with a number of questions as low as possible. The German COPSOQ questionnaire is a free screening-instrument for the recording of psychosocial work load and strain for all enterprises and organisations interested. The next step is the construction of a "job exposure matrix" for psychosocial factors at work, that means a central database with work load profiles and reference values for as many occupational groups as possible.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Tyskland

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Nübling, M., Stößel, U., Hasselhorn, H.-M., Michaelis, M., Hofmann, F. (2006). Measuring psychological stress and strain at work - Evaluation of the COPSOQ Questionnaire in Germany. Psycho-social medicine, 3, 1-14.

Success or failure? Interpreting and understanding the impact of interventions in four similar worksites

Nielsen, K., Fredslund, H., Christensen, K. B., Albertsen, K.

Sammanfattning

While many studies of interventions have focused on their content and immediate effects, less research has focused on the processes that may explain these effects. The purpose of this study was to show how process evaluation can be used to interpret the results of an intervention study in four industrial canteens in Denmark. Two canteens acted as intervention groups and two as comparison groups. Effects were measured by surveys before and after interventions, and observations and interviews were conducted to provide an in-depth understanding of processes. Analyses were conducted based on the responses from 118 employees. Results showed, contrary to expectations, improvements in working conditions and well-being in one intervention group and in one comparison group, whereas no improvements were found in the two remaining groups. Data from the process evaluation enabled a meaningful interpretation of these results, raising the possibility programme failure rather than theory failure, and thereby constituting an example of how process evaluation can shed light over the factors that may influence outcomes in controlled intervention studies.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Industrikökspersonal

DOI

10.1080/02678370601022688

Referens

Nielsen, K., Fredslund, H., Christensen, K. B., Albertsen, K. (2006). Success or failure? Interpreting and understanding the impact of interventions in four similar worksites. Work & Stress, 20 (3), S. 272–287.

Physical work environment risk factors for long term sickness absence: prospective findings among a cohort of 5357 employees in Denmark

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Christensen, K. B., Bultmann, U., Villadsen, E.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: To examine the effects of physical work environment on long term sickness absence and to investigate interaction between physical and psychosocial risk factors. Design and setting: Prospective cohort study of long term sickness absence among employees in Denmark. Participants 5357 employees interviewed in 2000 about their physical work environment, and various covariates were followed for 18 months in a national sickness absence register. Outcome measurements: Cox regression analysis was performed to assess risk estimates for physical risk factors in the work environment and onset of long term sickness absence, defined as receiving sickness absence compensation for eight consecutive weeks or more. Results: 348 participants (6.9%) developed long term sickness absence during follow-up. Of these, 194 (55.7%) were women and 154 (44.3%) were men. For both female and male employees, risk of onset of long term sickness absence was increased by extreme bending or twisting of the neck or back, working mainly standing or squatting, lifting or carrying loads, and pushing or pulling loads. Significant interactions were found for three combinations of physical and psychosocial work environment risk factors among female employees (P<0.05). Conclusion: Uncomfortable working positions, lifting or carrying loads, and pushing or pulling loads increased the risk of onset of long term sickness absence. The study shows a potential for reducing long term sickness absence through modifying work postures straining the neck and back, reducing the risk of work done standing or walking, and reducing the risk associated with handling loads. Dealing with psychosocial stressors simultaneously may improve physical intervention efforts further for female employees.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1136/bmj.38731.622975.3A

Referens

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Christensen, K. B., Bultmann, U., Villadsen, E. (2006). Physical work environment risk factors for long term sickness absence: prospective findings among a cohort of 5357 employees in Denmark. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 332 (7539), S. 449–452.

Burnout among employees in human service work: design and baseline findings of the PUMA study

Borritz, M., Rugulies, R., Bjorner, J. B., Villadsen, E., Mikkelsen, O. A., Kristensen, T. S.

Sammanfattning

Objective: To identify predictors of burnout syndrome among workers in the public sector. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a representative sample consisting of 879 municipal civil servants in a city of the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. In order to measure the demographic variables and related characteristics of work we used a questionnaire developed for this purpose.The perception of the work environment was measured by the Work Atmosphere Scale. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout syndrome. Three multiple stepwise linear regression tests were performed, in which each dimension of the syndrome was considered outcome while the other variables were estimated as predictors, adjusted for gender and age. Results: The variables related to perceptions of work environment were the ones which most contributed to the occurrence of burnout. Perceiving work as stressful and the presence of people who negatively affect the work environment contributed to the explanatory model of the three dimensions. There were nine variables which comprised a predictive model which explained 43% of Emotional Exhaustion. The variable 'perceives how stressful the job appeared to be' had the highest explanatory power. In Despersonalization, eight variables comprised 25% of the model and, once again, 'perceives how stressful the job appeared to be' was the variable with the highest explanatory power. 'Low Professional Fulfillment' revealed a set of variables with an explanatory power of 20%; a working environment considered to be good showed a higher weighting, showing it to be inversely associated. Conclusions: Public servants' perceptions of their work environment play an important role as a predictor of burnout. Viewing work as stressful and the presence of people who negatively affect the environment proved to be the elements of greatest importance.

År

2006

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Brasilien

Yrken

Kontaktyrken

DOI

10.1080/14034940510032275

Referens

Borritz, M., Rugulies, R., Bjorner, J. B., Villadsen, E., Mikkelsen, O. A., Kristensen, T. S. (2006). Burnout among employees in human service work: design and baseline findings of the PUMA study. Scandinavian journal of public health, 34 (1), S. 49–58.

Who retires early and why? Determinants of early retirement pension among Danish employees 57–62 years

Lund, T., Villadsen, E.

Sammanfattning

The aim of this study was to identify demographic characteristics and occupational determinants of transition from employment to voluntary early retirement pension (ERP). A questionnaire-based survey among 365 employees in Denmark 57–62years was performed in 2000, with a register-based follow-up 4years later. Early retirement was associated with increasing age, and lower socioeconomic position. There were weak associations between gender and ERP. Low skill discretion, high conflict in work and two measures of uncomfortable work positions significantly increased the risk of ERP. The study shows that more than half of the eligible population makes use of voluntary ERP, and further indicates a potential for reducing the amount of older employees utilizing this labour market exit option through reducing certain physical and psychosocial exposures in the work environment, independent of age, gender, and socioeconomic position.

År

2005

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1007/s10433-005-0013-x

Referens

Lund, T., Villadsen, E. (2005). Who retires early and why? Determinants of early retirement pension among Danish employees 57–62 years. Eur J Ageing, 2 (4), S. 275–280.

Psychosocial work environment exposures as risk factors for long-term sickness absence among Danish employees: results from DWECS/DREAM

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Christensen, K. B., Bultmann, U., Villadsen, E., Burr, H.

Sammanfattning

Objective: This study examines effects of psychosocial risk factors on long-term sickness absence, and investigates possible interactions between psychosocial and physical work environment risk factors. Methods: A total of 5,357 employees were interviewed in 2000 regarding work environment and followed up during the proceeding 1.5 years regarding onset of long-term sickness absence. Results: Long-term sickness absence among female employees was associated with role conflict, low reward, and poor management quality. Demands for hiding emotions and high emotional demands predicted long-term sickness absence among men. No significant interactions between psychosocial and physical exposures were found for female or male employees. Conclusions: The study suggests a potential for reducing long-term sickness absence through interventions targeted toward reducing role conflict, and improving reward and management quality among female employees, and through reducing emotional demands and demands for hiding emotions among male employees.

År

2005

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Lund, T., Labriola, M., Christensen, K. B., Bultmann, U., Villadsen, E., Burr, H. (2005). Psychosocial work environment exposures as risk factors for long-term sickness absence among Danish employees: results from DWECS/DREAM. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 47 (11), S. 1141–1147.

The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire--a tool for the assessment and improvement of the psychosocial work environment

Kristensen, T. S., Hannerz, H., Hogh, A., Borg, V.,

Sammanfattning

Objectives: The aim of this article is to present the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), a questionnaire developed in three different lengths for assessing psychosocial factors at work, stress, and the well-being of employees and some personality factors. The purpose of the COPSOQ concept is to improve and facilitate research, as well as practical interventions at workplaces. Methods: The development of the questionnaire was based on a survey of a representative sample of 1858 Danish employees aged 20-59 years. The response rate was 62%; 49% were women. Altogether 145 questions from some international and Danish questionnaires and 20 self-developed questions were tested with factor analyses, analyses of internal reliability, and analyses of response patterns. Results: The analyses resulted in a long research version of the questionnaire with 141 questions and 30 dimensions, a medium-length version for work environment professionals with 95 questions and 26 dimensions, and a short version for workplaces with 44 questions and 8 dimensions. Most of the scales have good reliability, and there seems to be very little overlap between the scales. A novel feature of the COPSOQ is the development of five different scales on demands at work. Conclusions: The COPSOQ concept is a valid and reliable tool for workplace surveys, analytic research, interventions, and international comparisons. The questionnaire seems to be comprehensive and to include most of the relevant dimensions according to several important theories on psychosocial factors at work. The three versions facilitate communication between researchers, work environment professionals, and workplaces.

År

2005

Typ av studie

Validering

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Kristensen, T. S., Hannerz, H., Hogh, A., Borg, V., (2005). The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire--a tool for the assessment and improvement of the psychosocial work environment. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 31 (6), S. 438–449.

Is sense of coherence a mediator or moderator of relationships between violence at work and stress reactions?

Hogh, A., Mikkelsen, E. G.

Sammanfattning

The relationships between exposure to violence at work, sense of coherence, and stress reactions were analysed in a large sample of the Danish workforce. The results showed that employees subjected to violence have a weaker sense of coherence than the rest of the respondents. Sense of coherence acted as a mediator and not as a moderator of relationships between exposure to violence and psychological, psychosomatic and cognitive stress reactions. The stability of the sense of coherence construct is discussed. With respect to the relation between sense of coherence and violence, preventative measures at the individual and organizational level are suggested.

År

2005

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1111/j.1467-9450.2005.00474.x

Referens

Hogh, A., Mikkelsen, E. G. (2005). Is sense of coherence a mediator or moderator of relationships between violence at work and stress reactions?. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 46 (5), S. 429–437.

The distinction between work pace and working hours in the measurement of quantitative demands at work

Kristensen, T. S., Bjorner, J. B., Christensen, K. B., Borg, V.

Sammanfattning

During recent years many researchers have criticized the widely used scales on psychological job demands. For instance, they comment that in most cases different types of demand seem to be mixed in one measure. In this paper we analyse the scale on quantitative job demands in the recently developed Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), with special emphasis on Differential Item Functioning (DIF). DIF refers to basic differences between groups of respondents, which may affect how they respond to questionnaire items. The data material for our study comprised a representative sample of Danish employees. The respondents were categorized into 32 specific jobs according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO 1968). We analysed DIF with respect to the respondents’ jobs with logistic regression analyses. These analyses showed that the items used in the original demand scale functioned very differently for different jobs in the population. The conclusion is that scales on quantitative demands are very sensitive to the choice of specific items. If many items on fast work pace and tempo are included in a scale, a number of blue-collar jobs will be identified as high-demand jobs. If, on the other hand, many questions on long working hours and overtime are included, the use of the scale will result in an entirely different picture. This issue has so far received little attention in occupational health psychology. The results have wide theoretical and methodological implications for research on quantitative job demands.

År

2004

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

DOI

10.1080/02678370412331314005

Referens

Kristensen, T. S., Bjorner, J. B., Christensen, K. B., Borg, V. (2004). The distinction between work pace and working hours in the measurement of quantitative demands at work. Work & Stress, 18 (4), S. 305–322.

Socioeconomic status and psychosocial work environment: results from a Danish national study

Kristensen, T. S., Borg, V., Hannerz, H.

Sammanfattning

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the associations between socioeconomic status (SES ) and a number of psychosocial work environment factors with a potential impact on inequality in health. Methods: A representative sample of 1,684 adult Danish employees filled in a standardized questionnaire or were interviewed by telephone. The response rate was 62%. The population was divided into four levels of SES (I to IV ). The psychosocial work environment was described with 19 scales. Results: Quantitative, cognitive, and emotional job demands and a number of dimensions related to active and developmental work showed higher levels among high SES individuals. Job insecurity was highest among women with low SES. Dimensions describing interpersonal relations, social support, and leadership showed no clear associations with SES. Conclusions: Prevention aiming at improving health and reducing inequality in health should focus on the dimensions of active and developmental work: influence at work, possibilities for development, degrees of freedom, and meaning of work. Furthermore, job insecurity should be reduced.

År

2002

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Blandat

Referens

Kristensen, T. S., Borg, V., Hannerz, H. (2002). Socioeconomic status and psychosocial work environment: results from a Danish national study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health., Supplement 59, S. 41–48.

Work environment of Danish shift and day workers

Bøggild, H., Burr, H., Tüchsen, F. & Jeppesen, H.J.

Sammanfattning

Objectives: Both shift work and other work environment factors have been shown to be related to heart disease. This study examined whether shift work is associated with other work environment factors related to heart disease in a random sample of the population. If so, shift work could be acting as a proxy for work environment differences. Methods: Data on 5940 employees in the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study from 1990 were reanalyzed. The information included work schedules [permanent day work, irregular workhours (including morning work), 2-shift or fixed evening and 3-shift or fixed night], length of workweek, physical factors (noise, heat, dust, passive smoking, walking, standing and monotonous repetitive tasks), and psychosocial factors (including demands and control dimensions, social support, conflicts and job insecurity). Results: At least 1 group of shift workers had a higher prevalence of nearly every unfavorable work environment factor investigated. Exceptions were dust exposure and quantitative demands. Especially conflicts at work and low decision latitude were higher among all the groups of shift workers, and all-day walking or standing work and part-time jobs were more often found among female shift workers. The 3 different shiftwork groups were exposed to different parts of the work environment, and also men and women in shift work differed in relation to the work environment. Age and social class influenced the relationship, but not in any particular pattern. Conclusions: In a heterogenous population shift work was found to be associated with other work environment factors suspected to cause heart disease.

År

2001

Typ av studie

Arbetsmiljöforskning

Land

Danmark

Yrken

Skiftarbetare

DOI

10.5271/sjweh.595

Referens

Bøggild, H., Burr, H., Tüchsen, F. & Jeppesen, H.J. (2001). Work environment of Danish shift and day workers. Scandinavian Journal Work Environment & Health, 27 (2), S. 97–105..